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Sensor for detecting the stoichiometric composition in a combustion flame 用于检测燃烧火焰中化学计量成分的传感器
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87088-X
Satoshi Sekido, Hirokazu Tachibana, Yasuharu Yamamura
{"title":"Sensor for detecting the stoichiometric composition in a combustion flame","authors":"Satoshi Sekido,&nbsp;Hirokazu Tachibana,&nbsp;Yasuharu Yamamura","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87088-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87088-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The performance of Sr<sub>0.65</sub>La<sub>0.35</sub>Co<sub>0.7</sub>Fe<sub>0.3</sub>O<sub>3−δ</sub> as a sensor, as well as it calatytic activity, are studied in relation to additions of SrTiO<sub>3</sub> and the further addition of Pd.</p><p>The temperature dependence of the sensor with more than 40 mol% SrTiO<sub>3</sub> at temperature below 400°C is semiconductor like and does not rely on the gas atmosphere, which allows us to use the material as a temperature sensor (<em>e.g</em>)., a flame detector). Gas sensitivity occurs at temperature above 400°C and the addition of 60 to 70 mol% SrTiO<sub>3</sub> gives the highest sensitivity, response and catalytic activity. The working temperature can be lowered by about 100°C by the further addition of Pd. Additions of SrTiO<sub>3</sub> and Pd also improve the lifetime of the device.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"19 4","pages":"Pages 393-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87088-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74515394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Development process for automotive sensors 汽车传感器的开发过程
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87090-8
Hiroshi Kobayashi
{"title":"Development process for automotive sensors","authors":"Hiroshi Kobayashi","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87090-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87090-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Automotive sensors must have four inherent characteristics: (1) inexpensiveness; (2) high reliability: (3) availability in various types for different purposes; and (4) in some application, a wide detection range and quick responce characteristics. Therefore, when developing automative sensors, it is essential to employ procedures that coincide with these inherent requirements.</p><p>The development process for automative sensors has three salient features: (1) it includes a needs-oriented process for carrying out development; (2) it places maximum importance on the initial development phase, which determines the sensing method; (3) it must provide a proper understanding of the physical and enviromental phenomena in the sensing area, so that the most suitable sensing method can be selected and the technological problems involved can be accurately assessed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"19 4","pages":"Pages 415-426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87090-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88548018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A dual-channel fiber optic displacement probe for structural power flow measurements 一种用于结构潮流测量的双通道光纤位移探头
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87082-9
Steven C. Fawcett, Richard F. Keltie
{"title":"A dual-channel fiber optic displacement probe for structural power flow measurements","authors":"Steven C. Fawcett,&nbsp;Richard F. Keltie","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87082-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87082-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A two-channel fiber optic displacement probe is examined to determine its performance characteristics as a vibration sensor for use in performing structural power flow measurements. Its amplitude sensitivity and phase' response are determined and compared with those of more traditional sensors, including accelerometers, eddy current probes and capacitance gauges. Structural power flow measurements are made using a vibrating beam set-up to compare the performance of the fiber optic probe with that of a linear array of accelerometers. The results of the test indicate that the optical probes possess operating parameters at least as good as those of the other sensors tested, and are accurate to within 8.5% in measuring the structural power flow.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"19 4","pages":"Pages 311-325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87082-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83674511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Algorithms to improve the selectivity of thermally-cycled tin oxide gas sensors 提高热循环氧化锡气体传感器选择性的算法
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87084-2
W.M. Sears, K. Colbow, Franco Consadori
{"title":"Algorithms to improve the selectivity of thermally-cycled tin oxide gas sensors","authors":"W.M. Sears,&nbsp;K. Colbow,&nbsp;Franco Consadori","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87084-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87084-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The conductance of a commercial tin oxide gas sensor (TGS#812) is measured as a function of concentration for a number of different gases under conditions of thermal cycling. This information is used to examine the criteria that could be used to improve the selectivity of detection. Different conductance-time curves (signatures) are seen for the various gases tested, which show gas-specific concentration dependences. Algorithms are presented that can distinguish the responses to propane, carbon monoxide or hydrogen from each other and from other gases (alcohols) over wide ranges of concentration. Irreversible poisoning effects occur under long-term exposure of the sensor to strong reducing gases, such as high concentrations of CO or H<sub>2</sub>. However, the conditions causing poisoning do not apply in most practical applications of gas sensors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"19 4","pages":"Pages 333-349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87084-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86723967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 84
Very high strain sensitivity in thick-film resistors: real and false super gauge factors 厚膜电阻器的应变灵敏度非常高:真实和虚假的超规系数
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87089-1
M. Prudenziati, B. Morten, F. Cilloni, G. Ruffi
{"title":"Very high strain sensitivity in thick-film resistors: real and false super gauge factors","authors":"M. Prudenziati,&nbsp;B. Morten,&nbsp;F. Cilloni,&nbsp;G. Ruffi","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87089-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87089-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An investigation has been carried out on the correlations between composition/morphology of RuO<sub>2</sub>-based thick-film resistors and their strain sensitivity. Very high gauge factors (<em>GFs</em>), as well as satisfactory performance in terms of <em>TCR</em> (temperature coefficient of resistance), excess noise and reliability, are obtained with an appropriate choice of glassy matrix, RuO<sub>2</sub> grain size and concentrations. Resistive systems modified with metal and metal oxide additions are also analysed. In some cases notable changes of electrical properties are observed, related to defective structures. Methods for a simple and accurate diagnosis of reliable or fictitious performance of thick-film strain gauges are identified.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"19 4","pages":"Pages 401-414"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87089-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76209344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 36
The gas-sensing properties of sintered bismuth iron molybdate catalyst 烧结钼酸铋铁催化剂的气敏性能
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87085-4
W.M. Sears
{"title":"The gas-sensing properties of sintered bismuth iron molybdate catalyst","authors":"W.M. Sears","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87085-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87085-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sintered pellets of bismuth iron molybdate catalysts act as sensors of reducing vapors by bulk conductivity changes mediated by oxygen vacancy donors. These donors, originating from the direct reduction of the semi-conductor catalyst, are highly mobile and can quickly diffuse through the sample, thereby having a direct effect on the electronic carrier density throughout. In air the vacancies are reoxidized into lattice oxygen. The sensitivity and selectivity of pellets embedded with gold wire contacts are examined for a wide number of gases and vapors and the effect of high-temperature sintering (calcining) as well as the effects of platinum doping is examined. Mechanisms are proposed to explain the power law dependencies of the sensor conductivity <em>versus</em> concentration and the response time <em>versus</em> concentration. Direct measurements are made on the diffusion of oxygen vacancies under voltage and thermal-induced drift. Bismuth iron molybdate is shown to be almost completely immune to the effects of water vapor. The pellets show great long-term stability of sensor response under most operating conditions, as well as great sensitivity to very small amounts of organic vapor (less than 1 ppm).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"19 4","pages":"Pages 351-370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87085-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85093484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 40
Characterization of a humidity sensor that incorporates a cmos capacitance measuring circuit 一种包含cmos电容测量电路的湿度传感器的特性
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87086-6
S.V. Silverthorne, C.W. Watson, R.D. Baxter
{"title":"Characterization of a humidity sensor that incorporates a cmos capacitance measuring circuit","authors":"S.V. Silverthorne,&nbsp;C.W. Watson,&nbsp;R.D. Baxter","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87086-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87086-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An integrated relative humidity sensor that combines a capacitive sensor with CMOS measurment circuitry on the smae 1.4 mm × 5.0 mm silicon chip has been designed, fabricated and tested. The device provides a d.c. voltage output that varies linearly with relative humidity over the entire range 0 to 100%.</p><p>When it is compared to discrete capacitive relative humidity sensors, the integrated sensor design offers the advantages of greater adaptability to standard instrumentation, low power consumption and ease in remote location of the sensor. It has the additional advantage of single-point calibration capability.</p><p>Measurements of sensor output show the expected linearity and close agreement with theory. The response time has been found to be about 10 s, while repeatability and hysterisis and typically within 1.6% of fullscale output. A thermistor is packaged with the sensor to provide compensation for temperature effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"19 4","pages":"Pages 371-383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87086-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89973127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
A fibre optic pressure sensor in silicon based on fluorescence decay 基于荧光衰减的硅基光纤压力传感器
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87083-0
Kari Gustafsson , Bertil Hök, Lars Jonsson , Christer Ovrén
{"title":"A fibre optic pressure sensor in silicon based on fluorescence decay","authors":"Kari Gustafsson ,&nbsp;Bertil Hök,&nbsp;Lars Jonsson ,&nbsp;Christer Ovrén","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87083-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87083-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A multimode fibre optic pressure sensor based on decay-rate modulation in Nd:glass is presented. Silicon micromechanics are used in the fabrication of the pressure diaphragm and the sensor structure. Preliminary results are presented, together with a brief description of the fabrication.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"19 4","pages":"Pages 327-332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87083-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84526354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Conference announcements 会议公告
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87091-X
{"title":"Conference announcements","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87091-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87091-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"19 4","pages":"Pages 427-428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87091-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137286300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Preliminary results with a silicon-based surface acoustic wave chemical sensor for NO2 二氧化氮表面声波化学传感器的初步研究结果
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87087-8
M.S. Nieuwenhuizen, A.J. Nederlof, M.J. Vellekoop, A. Venema
{"title":"Preliminary results with a silicon-based surface acoustic wave chemical sensor for NO2","authors":"M.S. Nieuwenhuizen,&nbsp;A.J. Nederlof,&nbsp;M.J. Vellekoop,&nbsp;A. Venema","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87087-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87087-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A surface acoustic wave chemical sensor consisting of two identical ZnOSiO<sub>2</sub>Si layered delay lines has been realized on silicon. Together with a dual automatic gain-controlled amplifier, a dual delay-line oscillator system is formed.</p><p>Preliminary results of the system when used as a sensor for NO<sub>2</sub> are presented. One of the delay lines is covered with copper phthalocyanine as the chemical interface, grown by a physical vapour deposition technique.</p><p>The experimental performance has been compared with previous results obtained with a surface acoustic wave chemical sensor system based on quartz. Parameters such as sensitivity, selectivity, drift, response time and noise have been examined.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"19 4","pages":"Pages 385-392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87087-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88873492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 59
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