Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere最新文献_第8页

Rainfall-frequency mapping for Greece 希腊的降雨频率图

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere Pub Date : 2001-01-01 Epub Date: 2001-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00067-3

A. Loukas , L. Vasiliades , N.R. Dalezios , C. Domenikiotis

{"title":"Rainfall-frequency mapping for Greece","authors":"A. Loukas , L. Vasiliades , N.R. Dalezios , C. Domenikiotis","doi":"10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00067-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00067-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For the design of hydrotechnical projects in ungauged watersheds, the flood flow is estimated by various methods, which demand the estimation of rainfall of particular critical duration and return period. For medium-sized and large basins, the storms causing flood flows have usually duration larger than 24 hours. In this study daily rainfall data from 24 meteorological stations for the period 1950 to 1981 were used. These stations are evenly distributed over Greece. From these data, the rainfall depths for various durations were computed, i.e. 1 to 7 days. The Extreme Value I (Gumbel) theoretical distribution had the best fit to the data from other theoretical distributions and it was fitted to the maximum annual rainfall depths for various durations. As a result, the Depth-Duration_Frequency relationships for each station were estimated and mapped for Greece. Moreover, the analysis showed that the rainfall of various durations and return periods represents a certain percentage of the mean annual precipitation for hydrologicaly homogeneous areas of Greece. The homogeneous areas were identified through factor analysis of monthly precipitation data from 37 meteorological stations. The results of this study can be used for the estimation of rainfall at ungauged sites in medium and large watersheds but they should be applied with caution in mountainous areas. For the estimation of rainfall in these areas the climatic conditions of the region and the orographic enhancement of rainfall should be considered.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101025,"journal":{"name":"Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere","volume":"26 9","pages":"Pages 669-674"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00067-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87971435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Hydrological and water quality modelling in a medium-sized coastal basin 中型沿海盆地的水文和水质模拟

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere Pub Date : 2001-01-01 Epub Date: 2002-04-16 DOI: 10.1016/S1464-1909(01)85013-9

A. Francos , G. Bidoglio , L. Galbiati , F. Bouraoui , F.J. Elorza , S. Rekolainen , K. Manni , K. Granlund

引用次数: 43

Quantitative estimation of surface ozone observation and forecast errors 地面臭氧观测和预报误差的定量估计

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere Pub Date : 2001-01-01 Epub Date: 2001-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00082-X

S. Tilmes

引用次数: 8

Bird identification on 1290-MHz wind profiler data applying neural networks and neurofuzzy systems 应用神经网络和神经模糊系统对1290-MHz风廓线数据进行鸟类识别

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere Pub Date : 2001-01-01 Epub Date: 2001-04-02 DOI: 10.1016/S1464-1909(00)00237-9

H. Richner, R. Kretzschmar

引用次数: 5

Energy and water cycles over larger and medium-sized catchments 大中型集水区的能源和水循环

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere Pub Date : 2001-01-01 Epub Date: 2001-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00020-X

引用次数: 0

Transport of impurities in 2D incompressible periodic flows 二维不可压缩周期流中杂质的输运

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere Pub Date : 2001-01-01 Epub Date: 2001-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00008-9

P. Paradisi , F. Tampieri

引用次数: 3

Multi-scenario flood modeling in a mountain watershed using data from a NWP model, rain radar and rain gauges

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere Pub Date : 2001-01-01 Epub Date: 2001-07-13 DOI: 10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00042-9

S. Taschner, R. Ludwig, W. Mauser

{"title":"Multi-scenario flood modeling in a mountain watershed using data from a NWP model, rain radar and rain gauges","authors":"S. Taschner, R. Ludwig, W. Mauser","doi":"10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00042-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00042-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The temporal and spatial distribution of precipitation is the key parameter for flood modelling. The study presents an evaluation of different meteorological data sources to assess their applicability and reliability for flood modeling. Apart from conventional rain gauge data, the information of the Numerical Weather Prediction Model SWISS MODEL (SM) and radar interpreted precipitation taken from the rain radar Fuerholzen, operated by the German Weather Service, has been available. They are used within the framework of an extended and GIS-structured TOPMODEL (Beven and Kirkby, 1979; Beven , 1994; Ludwig and Mauser, 2000), to perform model simulations and forecasts in the Ammer catchment for a hazardous flood event in 1999. The disaggregation and scaling of precipitation data, to meet the requirements of the hydrological model, is of specific interest. A variety of procedures to disaggregate NWP information for a hydrological application is presented, emphasizing the influence of the selected algorithm on the model result. Applying the SM and the rain radar data set, the calculated flood volume is overestimated within a range of 15 to 36%, while the rain gauge data set leads to an underestimated runoff volume of 13%. A sensitivity analysis shows a high variability in the spatial and temporal distribution of predicted and recorded precipitation and its consequent effect on the performance of the hydrological model. However, positive conclusions for future applications of a meteorological and hydrological model synergy can be drawn from the outcome of this study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101025,"journal":{"name":"Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere","volume":"26 7","pages":"Pages 509-515"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00042-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84758275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Interactive vegetation modelling at a regional scale: application to the adour basin 区域尺度上的互动植被模拟:在adour盆地的应用

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere Pub Date : 2001-01-01 Epub Date: 2001-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00038-7

S. Voirin, J.-C. Calvet, F. Habets, Noilhan

{"title":"Interactive vegetation modelling at a regional scale: application to the adour basin","authors":"S. Voirin, J.-C. Calvet, F. Habets, Noilhan","doi":"10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00038-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00038-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ISBA (Interactions between Soil Biosphere and Atmosphere) SVAT model was modified to include a representation of interactive vegetation. A parameterization of <em>CO</em><sub>2</sub> assimilation was introduced, the photosynthesis process was parameterized as a function of vegetation physiological properties and environmental conditions. Thereby, the canopy stomatal resistance is described in a more realistic way than in the initial version. A growth model was used to compute Leaf Area Index (LAI) evolution instead of prescribing it from satellite data without taking into account possible climate changes and their consequences on plant development. In this paper, the “ISBA-A-gs” modified model is tested at the regional scale in the Adour basin. For this purpose it was necessary to calibrate three parameters for each land cover type (mainly coniferous forest, summer and winter crops): the mesophyll conductance, the maximum turnover time of leaves and an effective biomass per LAI ratio. This work has been followed by a long term simulation (1986–1995), where the surface scheme was coupled with a distributed hydrological model. The results were compared to those obtained with the “standard version”, <em>i.e</em> ISBA without A-gs. For the whole period, the simulated LAI was lower than the prescribed one, which decreased evaporation (10 to 15 % less with A-gs) and led to a better simulation of streamflow on both crop and forest areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101025,"journal":{"name":"Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere","volume":"26 5","pages":"Pages 479-484"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00038-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74832894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Impact of Documented Land Use Changes on the Surface Albedo and Evapotranspiration in a Plain Watershed 土地利用变化对平原流域地表反照率和蒸散的影响

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00055-7

J. Mika, Sz. Horváth, L. Makra

引用次数: 15

Assessing the effects of land use changes on floods in the meuse and oder catchment 评估土地利用变化对默斯河流域洪水的影响

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00054-5

A. Roo, M. Odijk, G. Schmuck, E. Koster, A. Lucieer

引用次数: 149