Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of inhibitory potential of the flavonoid-rich fraction of Myrica esculenta Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don against DSS-induced colonic inflammation in mice","authors":"Monika Joshi ,&nbsp;Manju Pandey ,&nbsp;Akash Ved","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Myrica esculenta (family Myricaceae), a valuable plant species in China and India, has been traditionally used by many tribes and local communities to manage gut disorders. Scientific validation of its anti-ulcerative colitis activity was aimed.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The ethyl acetate fraction of Myrica esculenta (MeEa) was prepared and evaluated for its potency against DSS-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice at 200 and 400 mg/kg BW oral dose. The effective dose of MeEa was determined through its effect on DSS-induced UC and was further analyzed through its effects on disease activity index (DAI), colon length, colon weight/length ratio, spleen weight, serum and colon tissue cytokine level, cell count and hemoglobin content. Further, the effect was determined through histopathology and FITC-dextran-induced membrane permeability assay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between the two doses, MeEa at 400 mg/kg BW was found to be the most effective dose in terms of reduced DAI scores, protected colon length from shortening, decreased colon weight/length ratio, reduced spleen weight, decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine level and stabilized the anti-inflammatory cytokine level in serum and colon tissue. MeEa 400 reduced cell counts and increased hemoglobin content and platelet count. MeEa 400 also prevented the colon by protecting epithelial cells and crypts. MeEa 400 provided significant protection from intestinal leakage and reduced FITC dextran level in serum.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>MeEa 400 possesses significant anti-inflammatory potential and acts via attenuation of DSS-induced UC and inhibition of DAI scores. It reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines and stabilizes anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, reduces cell count, and protects epithelial tissue and crypts in the colon, as well as intestinal membrane leakage that occurred due to FITC-dextran administration in mice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100523"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine Rhizome Coptidis: A comprehensive review","authors":"Kuldeep Singh ,&nbsp;Jeetendra Kumar Gupta ,&nbsp;Divya Jain ,&nbsp;Alka N Chaudhary ,&nbsp;Shivendra Kumar ,&nbsp;Mukesh Chandra Sharma ,&nbsp;Bhupendra Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div><em>R. coptidis</em>, also known as Huang Lian in Chinese, has been a cornerstone of TCM for centuries. Its bitter and cold properties make it a versatile herb for treating various ailments. While traditionally used to clear heat, eliminate dampness, and alleviate toxicity, recent scientific investigations have revealed various pharmacological activities beyond its traditional applications.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A Comprehensive review of scientific databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Chinese medical literature databases, was conducted to gather comprehensive insights. The keywords used included \"<em>R. coptidis</em>,\" \"Huang Lian,\" \"pharmacological properties,\" \"therapeutic applications,\" and \"Traditional Chinese Medicine.\" Studies from both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> experiments were considered, ensuring a well-rounded evaluation of the herb's effects.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The pharmacological properties of <em>R. coptidis</em> are attributed to its main bioactive component, berberine. In various studies, Berberine has demonstrated antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities. Furthermore, its effects on metabolic disorders, cardiovascular health, and neuroprotection have sparked interest in its potential therapeutic applications.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The diverse pharmacological effects of <em>R. coptidis</em> stem from its interactions with multiple molecular targets. Berberine's ability to modulate signaling pathways and gene expression has garnered attention as a promising candidate for drug development. However, challenges such as bioavailability and potential herb-drug interactions warrant further investigation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In conclusion, <em>R. coptidis</em> holds immense promise as a therapeutic agent beyond its traditional uses in TCM. The rich pharmacological profile of berberine suggests its potential in addressing various health conditions. Nonetheless, rigorous clinical trials and translational research are necessary to bridge the gap between traditional wisdom and modern medical applications. As research continues, <em>R. coptidis</em> may emerge as a fundamental herb in TCM and contemporary medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100522"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of molecular investigations on traditional Chinese medicinal plant-based therapies in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis","authors":"Robin Raj ,&nbsp;Arpan Kumar Tripathi ,&nbsp;P. Saranya ,&nbsp;Jaskiran kaur ,&nbsp;Rashmi Saxena Pal ,&nbsp;Kuldeep Singh ,&nbsp;Divya Jain ,&nbsp;MVNL Chaitanya ,&nbsp;Shivendra Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The escalating threat of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) necessitates urgent exploration of alternative treatment methods. Traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) plants, rich in bioactive phytochemicals, present promising options for addressing this challenge. This review critically examines the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic efficacy of phytochemicals derived from selected TCM against drug-resistant TB.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We searched Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science, among other search engines, to locate publications about natural compounds that may be utilised to treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB). Studies from 2007 to 2023 were included, which addressed gaps in our current knowledge of tuberculosis (TB) and the potential of natural compounds. We employed various search terms such as \"Molecular targets and mechanisms,\" \"pathophysiology,\" \"nanotechnology,\" \"natural products,\" \"global statistics and multidrug-resistant TB,\" among others. We selected 108 of the 166 identified papers for evaluation. Only Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plant-Based Treatments for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis were covered.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Through an integrative analysis of recent research, we explored the multifaceted interactions between phytochemicals and various molecular targets within <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> (Mtb). We have highlighted prominent phytochemicals like curcumin from <em>Curcuma longa,</em> resveratrol from <em>Polygonum cuspidatum</em>, and berberine from Berberis spp., elucidating their mechanisms of action and potential synergistic effects with conventional anti-TB drugs. Additionally, we delved into the immunomodulatory properties of phytochemicals, emphasizing their ability to enhance host immune responses against TB infection.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Innovative approaches such as network pharmacology and molecular docking (mannose receptor targets) are discussed for predicting and validating interactions between phytochemicals and Mtb targets. Moreover, we address challenges related to phytochemical bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and formulation strategies, proposing methods to enhance their efficacy and clinical translation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In conclusion, this review consolidating existing insights and identifying areas needing further research, this review offers a comprehensive framework for leveraging the therapeutic properties of phytochemicals from traditional medicinal plants, highlighting their potential as supplementary or alternative treatments for drug-resistant TB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100521"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to Hehuan Anshen decoction inhibits ferroptosis to ameliorate p-Chlorophenylalanine-induced insomnia by activating GPX4 pathway [Pharmacological Research-Modern Chinese Medicine volume 13 (2024) 100504]","authors":"Qing Deng ,&nbsp;Yanan Li ,&nbsp;Wenyun Kui ,&nbsp;Linting He ,&nbsp;Yuxia Wang ,&nbsp;Nana Li ,&nbsp;Jian Xu ,&nbsp;Kaiqiang Wang ,&nbsp;Chunchun Xue ,&nbsp;Zhongwei Sha","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100519","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100519"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142326619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacological properties of Humulus scandens: Insights from the TCMSP database and existing understanding","authors":"De Xin Dang ,&nbsp;Desheng Li ,&nbsp;Shi Qi Xu ,&nbsp;Feng He ,&nbsp;Xinhua Xia ,&nbsp;Shaoyong Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div><em>Humulus scandens</em> (HS) has been traditionally used in folk medicine for treating a wide spectrum of ailments. Despite its long history of use, its integration into modern medicine has been relatively limited. This review aims to summarize the existing understanding of the pharmacological effects of HS and explore its potential pharmacological benefits using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>we reviewed the pharmacological effects of HS by conducting a thorough literature search across databases like Google Scholar, CNKI, RISS, and J-Stage, as well as searching classical sources such as “Ben Cao Gang Mu” and “Ming Yi Bie Lu”. Furthermore, we used the TCMSP database to identify bioactive components of HS, focusing on those with oral bioavailability ≥ 30 % and drug-likeness ≥ 0.18, and explored the potential diseases associated with these components.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>HS as a traditional herbal medicine has been used to treat congestion, hematuria, strangury, watery diarrhea, and sores, as well as to enhance kidney function and promote urination. It has also served as a remedy for snake and scorpion bites. Modern experimental evidence suggests that HS exhibits efficacy in treating a wide range of conditions, including inflammation, and disorders of the respiratory system, urinary system, skin, gastrointestinal tract, nervous system, and cardiocerebral vascular system, as well as immunity-related diseases. Furthermore, it demonstrates promising properties in anti-cancer activity, hepatoprotection, lipid metabolism regulation, pain relief, alleviating diarrhea, and treating mental illness. Beyond these known effects, evidence from the TCMSP database highlights its potential in treating tumors, eye disorders, muscle disorders, diabetes, insomnia, and developmental disabilities.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>HS is a traditional herbal medicine with multiple pharmacological properties. However, while some pharmacological properties of HS have been validated through experiments, further research efforts are needed to explore its other effects. Such endeavors are crucial for a thorough understanding of HS and its potential therapeutic application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Wild Chaga (Inonotus obliquus) modulates inflammation, neural cell survival and inhibits proliferation of cancer cells” [Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine 9C (2023) /100328]","authors":"Susan SC Cheung ,&nbsp;Garyen Chong ,&nbsp;Ingrid Elisia ,&nbsp;David Hasman ,&nbsp;Martin Lee ,&nbsp;Linda Chang ,&nbsp;Ziliang Ao ,&nbsp;Djamel Khelifi ,&nbsp;Gerald Krystal ,&nbsp;Joseph Tai","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100515","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100515"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266714252400157X/pdfft?md5=3473fd105a21110d4dfd7501ee31da52&pid=1-s2.0-S266714252400157X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Syringic acid ameliorates testicular oxidative stress via the conservation of endogenous antioxidant markers and inhibition of the activated Nrf2-Keap1-NQO1-HO1 signaling in methyl cellosolve-administered rats” [Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine 6C (2023) /100207]","authors":"Oluwatobi T. Somade ,&nbsp;Basiru O. Ajiboye ,&nbsp;Olukemi A. Osukoya ,&nbsp;Theophilus A. Jarikre ,&nbsp;Babatunji E. Oyinloye","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100513","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100513"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667142524001556/pdfft?md5=82f9a3266a2c0ae7e5f1d98029845fe6&pid=1-s2.0-S2667142524001556-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142270560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to “Clinical efficacy and safety of Xuanfei Touxie Fang as a complementary medicine in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant: A retrospective study” [Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine 11C (2024) /100434]","authors":"Qingyuan Zhu,&nbsp;Baizhu Chen,&nbsp;Huixi Tong,&nbsp;Xiangyu Xu,&nbsp;Dongxiao Yang,&nbsp;Shuiyou Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100516","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100516"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667142524001581/pdfft?md5=7983fa3dc547ee9998f34d757e636c35&pid=1-s2.0-S2667142524001581-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142270558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to “Drosophila model and network pharmacology to explore novel targets and novel active components of chinese traditional medications for treating kidney stones” [Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine 6C (2023) /100220]","authors":"Shiyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingnan Zhu ,&nbsp;Yingjie Ju ,&nbsp;Mingxia Lv ,&nbsp;Rongdian Yang ,&nbsp;Ying Li ,&nbsp;Yaodong Miao ,&nbsp;Yiwen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100517","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100517"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667142524001593/pdfft?md5=d74da3e4564f073f5c8bdedfbf04e68b&pid=1-s2.0-S2667142524001593-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142270559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory activity and molecular docking studies of the hydromethanolic leaf extract of Baphia longipedicellata brumitt in rats","authors":"Farouk Adedeji Oladoja ,&nbsp;Olufunsho Awodele ,&nbsp;Ibrahim A. Oreagba ,&nbsp;Emmanuel S. Irokosu ,&nbsp;Elijah O. Oyinloye ,&nbsp;Akanji A. Murtala","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2024.100512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><strong>Background</strong>: Almost all Baphia species of the Fabaceae family have a long history in traditional China due to their potent anti-inflammatory properties <em>Baphia longipedicellata</em> (<em>B. longipedicellata</em>) is a relatively novel plant comprised mainly of stigmasterol, which has a rich history in Chinese medicine and is a principal active component in numerous Chinese herbs such as <em>maidong</em>, the <em>banxia-baizhu-tianma decoction</em> and <em>Qingfengteng</em> which are all native to China and well known for its use in inflammatory diseases, asthma and diabetes management.</div><div><strong>Aim of the study:</strong> The study was meticulously designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of <em>Baphia longipedicellata</em> in rats. What sets this study apart is its unique approach to predicting the mechanism of anti-inflammatory action through docking studies.</div><div><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> Preliminary phytochemical screening and oral acute toxicity were carried out for the hydromethanolic extract of <em>Baphia longipedicellata</em> (HMBL). Phytocompounds in the extract were identified using high-performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Carrageenan and egg albumin-induced paw edema models in rats were evaluated to ascertain the extract's anti-inflammatory potential.</div><div>Molecular docking experiments were carried out to evaluate the binding affinity of HPLC-selected compounds to cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumour necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha).</div><div><strong>Results and Discussion:</strong> Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponin, tannins, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, terpenoids, etc. Results obtained from this study showed that the LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/kg, and there were no observable toxic effects or mortality following its acute exposure.</div><div>HPLC of HMBL profiled, Curcumin, Lutein, Stigmasterol, Beta-Sitosterol, Chrysarobin, Quercetin, and Napabucasin,</div><div>HMBL extract at all treatment doses showed a significant reduction in both carrageenan and egg albumin-induced hind paw edema in a dose-dependent manner, comparable to the standard drug Diclofenac. Peak anti-oedematogenic activity was observed at the 6th-hour post-carrageenan injection with 28.50, 42.06, and 36.90 % inhibition for HMBL (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg) and 5th-hour post-egg-albumin injection with 61.22, 66.88, and 48.06 % inhibition.</div><div>The molecular docking study showed that all the isolated HPLC compounds inhibited COX-2 and TNF-alpha.</div><div><strong>Conclusion</strong> Ultimately, the hydro-methanolic leaf extract of <em>B. longipedicellata</em> exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activity via COX 2 and TNF-alpha inhibition. Thus, it would be a viable phytotherapeutic option for treating inflammatory conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100512"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}