Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine最新文献

{"title":"JiangFuZhiXie pill ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by modulating intestinal flora and inhibiting IL6/STAT3 signaling to reduce the inflammatory response","authors":"Mengyuan Wang,&nbsp;Dengming Lu,&nbsp;Chaolun Zhu,&nbsp;Li Jin,&nbsp;Zhiming Ge,&nbsp;Xianxian Fan,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Yang,&nbsp;Hongbo Zhao,&nbsp;Lingyue Zhao,&nbsp;Xiaobin Zao,&nbsp;Yun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Current treatments for ulcerative colitis (UC) are unsatisfactory. JiangFuZhiXie pill (JFZX) is widely used in hospitals as a traditional Chinese medicine for treating UC and has excellent therapeutic effects.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To explore the specific effects and underlying mechanisms of JFZX in the treatment of UC and further search for new therapeutic targets.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The UC mouse model was established by providing free access to a 3% dextran sulfate sodium aqueous solution and by intragastric administration of JFZX. Mouse serum was used to measure inflammatory factor levels, including IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Mouse colon tissues were used for hematoxylin-eosin (H&amp;E), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), immunohistochemical (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. Mouse intestinal contents and colon tissues were used for metagenomic and transcriptomic analyses, respectively. Gene expression was detected using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot (WB).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with the DSS group, the JFZX intervention significantly increased body weight and colonic tight junction integrity and decreased disease score, pathological score, and inflammatory levels in UC mice. Metagenomic analysis showed that JFZX modulates the abundance of key bacterial populations and improves intestinal flora disorders in UC mice. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that the key pathway regulated by JFZX in UC treatment is the IL6/STAT3 pathway. RT-PCR, WB, and IF staining showed that JFZX intervention significantly downregulated key targets, including STAT3, IL6, LIF, IL10, IL19, and CSF3, and inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>JFZX has ameliorative effects in UC and effectively inhibits intestinal inflammation. Its mechanism of action involves rebalancing the gut microbiota and inhibiting the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway, thereby reducing intestinal inflammation-related damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100865"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148940814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microneedle Mediated Delivery of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Dermatological Disorders: Current Advances, Challenges, and Therapeutic Potential","authors":"Nithyasree Munivel,&nbsp;Nandhini Jayaprakash,&nbsp;Kumaraguru K","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Microneedle (MN)-mediated delivery has emerged as a promising strategy for improving the dermal and transdermal delivery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)-derived bioactive compounds. Although TCM possesses diverse pharmacological activities relevant to dermatological disorders, the therapeutic performance of many herbal constituents is limited by poor skin penetration, low aqueous solubility, chemical instability, and inadequate retention following conventional topical administration. This review provides a structured narrative synthesis of recent advances in MN-mediated delivery of TCM for dermatological applications, with emphasis on formulation strategies, therapeutic outcomes, emerging technologies, safety, and translational challenges.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A structured narrative literature review was conducted to identify and critically synthesize available evidence concerning microneedle-mediated delivery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and TCM-derived bioactive compounds for dermatological applications. Literature was identified through searches of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for publications from January 2003 to March 2026. Relevant publications were screened for relevance to microneedle-mediated TCM delivery and critically evaluated according to study design, formulation characteristics, therapeutic outcomes, and translational relevance. Evidence was narratively synthesized according to microneedle type, fabrication materials, formulation and drug-loading strategies, therapeutic applications, safety considerations, and emerging technologies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The available evidence indicates that MN systems can overcome the stratum corneum barrier and enhance the local delivery, dermal deposition, and therapeutic performance of TCM-derived bioactive compounds. Dissolving, hydrogel-forming, coated, and nano-integrated MN systems have demonstrated promising results in preclinical models of inflammatory skin disorders, acne, pigmentation disorders, wound healing, and photoaging. Advanced approaches incorporating nanoparticles, nanocrystals, stimuli-responsive materials, and multifunctional systems may further improve controlled and targeted delivery. However, most evidence remains preclinical, and substantial challenges remain regarding formulation standardization, stability, reproducibility, manufacturing scale-up, safety evaluation, and regulatory translation.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>MN-mediated delivery represents a promising interface between TCM pharmacology and modern drug-delivery technology. Future research should prioritize standardized herbal preparations, mechanistically informed formulation design, reproducible manufacturing, comprehensive safety evaluation, and well-designed clinical studies to establish the therapeutic and translational value of MN–TCM systems in dermatological practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100866"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148940816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting immune signaling pathways with Chinese herbal medicine: A clinically-oriented review in periodontitis","authors":"Hua Pan,&nbsp;Zilin Lu,&nbsp;Qifan Lin,&nbsp;Chenglin Li,&nbsp;Di Hu,&nbsp;Zisha Yang,&nbsp;Jiang Pi,&nbsp;Yan Wang,&nbsp;Yi Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Chinese herbal medicine offers a multi-target approach to modulate key immune signaling pathways, yet its clinical translation remains underexplored. Periodontitis is a plaque biofilm-induced chronic inflammatory disease causing immune imbalance and periodontal tissue destruction. Drug resistance and systemic toxicity limit the use of conventional treatments. This review focuses on the clinical relevance of Chinese herbal medicine in regulating core signaling pathways, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase / protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), thereby providing a mechanistic and therapeutic perspective on its role in periodontitis and highlighting its therapeutic potential.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Recently published articles were reviewed by searching combinations of keywords in PubMed, Google Scholar and other databases (inception to 2025), including ‘periodontitis’, ‘Chinese herbal medicine’, ‘immune regulation’, ‘osteoclast’, ‘signaling pathway’ and specific botanical names. We focused on the regulatory effects of Chinese herbal medicine bioactive components and formulations on key pathological processes in periodontitis. Of 5600 initially identified articles, 500 full texts were screened for relevance, and 75 were selected.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This review investigated the pharmacological properties of the bioactive compounds of Chinese herbal medicine, which inhibit inflammation and apoptosis through multi-target mechanisms. These compounds, such as berberine, resveratrol, and curcumin, can significantly modulate NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. They can attenuate cytokine release, rebalance macrophage polarization, inhibit osteoclastogenesis, and promote osteogenic differentiation. Several Chinese herbal formulations showed synergistic effects when combined with conventional periodontal therapy, improving gingival inflammation, alveolar bone preservation, and symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The combination of Chinese and Western medicine provides a low-toxicity, high-efficacy therapeutic strategy through multi-dimensional regulation of immune-inflammatory networks and bone homeostasis. This review discusses natural active components and integrates Chinese herbal medicine with modern medicine to promote the clinical transformation of Chinese herb, advancing personalized and precision medicine in periodontitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100863"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148940818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameliorative effects of lycopodium clavatum in letrozole and high-fat diet induced PCOS-IR in rats: integrated evidence suggesting the involvement of PI3K/AKT-associated signalling","authors":"Vara Prasad Saka,&nbsp;Abanti Goswami,&nbsp;Narasimha Kumar G V,&nbsp;Anish Kumar Das,&nbsp;Satheesh Kumar Nanjappan,&nbsp;Sujatha Dodoala,&nbsp;Mahima Sharma,&nbsp;Digvijay Verma,&nbsp;Pankaj Gupta,&nbsp;Subhash Kaushik","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100864","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Polycystic ovary syndrome with insulin resistance (PCOS-IR) is a complex endocrine–metabolic disorder characterised by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, insulin resistance, and chronic low-grade inflammation, playing central pathogenic roles. In this context, &lt;em&gt;Lycopodium clavatum&lt;/em&gt; was investigated based on the therapeutic relevance of Lycopodium-derived Traditional Chinese Medicine, Herba Lycopodii (Shenjincao, 伸筋草), whose phytoconstituents have been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and metabolic regulatory properties.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study investigated the therapeutic potential and mechanistic basis of &lt;em&gt;Lycopodium clavatum&lt;/em&gt; mother tincture (Lyc-MT) and 6C potency (Lyc-6C) in a letrozole- and high-fat diet-induced PCOS-IR rat model using an integrated experimental and computational approach.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Phytochemical constituents were identified using LC–MS/MS, and network pharmacology was employed to predict bioactive compounds, targets, and pathways. Molecular docking was subsequently performed to evaluate the predicted interactions of selected compounds with core targets. PCOS-IR was induced in female Wistar rats using letrozole and a high-fat diet for 28 days, followed by treatment with metformin, Lyc-MT, and Lyc-6C for 30 days. Efficacy was assessed through metabolic, hormonal, oxidative stress, inflammatory, histopathological, and gene expression analyses.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;LC-MS/MS profiling identified 30 phytochemical constituents, while network pharmacology predicted 22 bioactive compounds potentially associated with multiple PCOS-IR-related targets and pathways, including the PI3K–AKT signalling pathway. Molecular docking further supported favourable interactions of selected Lyc compounds with core targets involved in insulin signalling and ovarian steroidogenesis. Compared with untreated PCOS-IR rats, treatment with Lyc-MT and Lyc-6C significantly improved metabolic and reproductive parameters, including reductions in body weight, ovarian weight, fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone levels, and restoration of follicle-stimulating hormone and oestradiol levels (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001). Estrous cyclicity was normalised in the treated groups. Oxidative stress-associated biomarkers showed significant improvement, with increased catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities and reduced malondialdehyde and TNF-α levels compared to the disease controls (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, Lyc-MT and Lyc-6C significantly modulated the ovarian expression of INSR, PI3K, AKT, GLUT4, and CYP19A1, accompanied by improved ovarian histoarchitecture, including reduced cystic follicles and increased corpora lutea.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The findings suggest that Lyc-MT and Lyc-6C ameliorate metabolic, hormonal, oxidative stress-associated","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100864"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148940815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thymoquinone from Nigella sativa in experimental ischemic stroke: A systematic review of its neuroprotective effects","authors":"Rohmania Setiarini,&nbsp;Nurdiana Nurdiana,&nbsp;Tommy A. Nazwar,&nbsp;Shinta Oktya Wardhani","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100867","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100867","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Ischemic stroke causes substantial mortality and disability, and effective pharmacological neuroprotection remains limited. Naturally derived compounds with multi-target activities have gained increasing attention as potential adjunctive therapies. Among them, thymoquinone, a major active constituent of Nigella sativa, has emerged as a promising candidate in experimental ischemic stroke. This review evaluated the preclinical evidence on thymoquinone as a neuroprotective agent in experimental ischemic stroke.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines. PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Europe PMC were searched up to December 30, 2025. Eligible studies investigated thymoquinone or Nigella sativa extract in animal models of ischemic stroke and reported neuroprotective outcomes. Data on animal model, intervention, outcomes, mechanisms, and methodological quality were extracted. Risk of bias was assessed using SYRCLE’s tool.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 872 records, 12 preclinical studies were included. Most studies used rodent ischemic stroke models, particularly MCAO. Thymoquinone improved neurological and motor outcomes, reduced infarct volume, brain edema, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, and blood-brain barrier disruption, and promoted neuronal survival. The main mechanisms involved activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling, inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB pathways, modulation of microglial polarization, mitochondrial protection, and suppression of apoptotic signaling. Risk of bias assessment showed adequate reporting mainly for baseline characteristics, incomplete outcome data, and sequence generation, while several domains remained unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Thymoquinone shows promising neuroprotective effects in experimental ischemic stroke through multi-target mechanisms. However, incomplete methodological reporting, heterogeneous models, variable dosing, and pharmacokinetic limitations may affect translational reliability. Further rigorous preclinical studies with optimized delivery systems are needed before clinical development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100867"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148940819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Integrated In Silico and In Vivo evaluation of Cassytha filiformis: Molecular insights into caspase-3/8 binding and wound healing effect” [Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine 16 (2025) 100650]","authors":"Soosamma John,&nbsp;Nisha Shri Chengamaraju,&nbsp;Navya A S,&nbsp;Agasa Ramu Mahesh,&nbsp;Bincy Raj","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100849","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100849"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148940817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic and safety evaluation of standardized traditional chinese medicine formulations and their bioactive constituents in ICD-11-classified inflammatory skin diseases: A structured narrative review","authors":"Dhananjay Taumar ,&nbsp;Atul Pratap Singh ,&nbsp;Himanchal Sharma ,&nbsp;Shamim ,&nbsp;Smriti Gohri ,&nbsp;Vatan Chaudhary","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Inflammatory skin diseases, under the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11), such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and contact dermatitis, are highly prevalent worldwide and are associated with dysregulation of the immune system, impaired epidermal barrier function, and oxidative stress. Existing therapies are imperfect, including being expensive and having long-term safety risks, so other multi-target treatment methods are needed.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The structured literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, covering the period from January 2000 to March 2025. The systematic search strategy used predetermined keywords. The initial identification of 620 records was followed by the selection of 157 studies, which were screened by two independent researchers in line with the PRISMA selection principles.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Multi-component, multi-target TCM preparations modulate inflammatory pathways (NF-κB, JAK-STAT, PI3K/Akt, MAPK), reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines, promote Th17/Th2 immunity, activate NRF2 and improve epidermal integrity through filaggrin upregulation. At the formulation level, activation of NF-κB/MAPK, STAT3/Th17 and Nrf2-mediated defense activity alleviates inflammation, oxidative stress and barrier dysfunction in ICD-11 disease phenotypes. Network pharmacology and multi-omics data show that formulation effects are synergistic and coordinated, indicating an integrative therapeutic effect.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Standardized TCM formulations show promising mechanistic plausibility and generally favorable safety profiles in controlled experimental and preliminary clinical settings with quality control. However, lack of large-scale randomized controlled trials, inconsistent formulation standardization, and global regulatory heterogeneity leave significant translational gaps. These therapies can be used in clinical settings to treat mild-to-moderate inflammatory skin diseases. Translationally, chemical analysis, ICD-11 disease stratification, and biomarker-based therapy selection can generate a rational precision dermatology model that increases clinical predictability. Research should be focused on biomarker patient stratification, machine learning and precision dermatology module integration to increase clinical predictability and regulatory approval.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100827"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148167404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic values of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in evolution of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus with its Microvascular Complications in Adults","authors":"Song Wen ,&nbsp;Xinlu Yuan ,&nbsp;Jiyu Li ,&nbsp;Ligang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease characterized by progressive β-cell destruction and a three-stage natural history. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) emphasizes early intervention in stages 1 and 2 to delay progression to overt diabetes (stage 3) and advocates comprehensive strategies to prevent microvascular complications (diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy). Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been proposed as a complementary approach that may address key pathophysiological mechanisms, including autoimmunity, inflammation, oxidative stress, β-cell dysfunction, and vascular damage.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This narrative review summarizes current Western evidence on T1DM pathophysiology, epidemiology, landmark intervention trials (e.g., TrialNet TN-10, DCCT/EDIC), and ADA guidelines, alongside TCM perspectives on etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment options, including herbal medicine, acupuncture, dietary therapy, and Qigong/Tuina. The literature was critically evaluated with a focus on evidence quality (preclinical, observational, RCTs, and meta-analyses).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>TCM may have multiple effects by modulating the immune system, reducing inflammation, fighting oxidative stress, protecting β-cells, and enhancing microcirculation. Early preclinical and small clinical studies (mostly based on T2DM or animal models) suggest possible additional benefits, such as slowing β-cell loss in stages 1–2 and reducing microvascular damage in stage 3. Currently, there is a lack of high-quality T1DM-specific randomized controlled trials.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>TCM provides a promising holistic, syndrome-differentiation approach as a complementary method in T1DM management. However, the lack of strong T1DM-specific evidence, standardization issues, and safety concerns require well-designed multicenter RCTs, mechanistic studies, and integrative models to confirm effectiveness, ensure safety, and support integration into global diabetes care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100826"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148167388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting Ezrin-driven oxidative stress in Bile reflux carcinogenesis: therapeutic inhibition by Chaihu Shugan San and Xuanfu Daizhe Tang combined","authors":"Jun Wu ,&nbsp;Yangyi Gu ,&nbsp;Mei Zhu ,&nbsp;Siyuan Gao ,&nbsp;Muyao Xu ,&nbsp;Tingting Xu ,&nbsp;Yu Shen ,&nbsp;Cen Chang ,&nbsp;Li Li","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of a combined decoction of <em>Chaihu Shugan San</em> and <em>Xuanfu Daizhe Tang</em>(hereafter abbreviated as GWTZ decoction) against ezrin-mediated oxidative stress during bile reflux-induced esophagitis-carcinoma transformation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The absorbed bioactive components of GWTZ decoction in serum were identified by UPLC-QE-MS/MS and analyzed via network pharmacology. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats underwent esophagogastroduodenal anastomosis (EGDA) to establish the bile reflux model. Tissues collected at 4–20 weeks post-surgery were analyzed by H&amp;E staining, RNA-seq, and ELISA for TNF-α/IL-1β. In Vivo Intervention: From week 2 post-modeling, GWTZ decoction (10mL/kg/day) was administered intragastrically for 6 weeks. Tissues were subsequently evaluated via H&amp;E staining, IHC (P53/ezrin/p-ezrin), RT-qPCR (<em>TNF-α/IL-1β</em>), and Western blot (ezrin/p-ezrin). In Vitro Model: a deoxycholic acid (DCA)-induced human esophageal epithelial cell (HEEC) injury model was used to assess the effects of GWTZ decoction on ezrin phosphorylation at Thr567 and mitochondrial superoxide production.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Network pharmacology revealed that the bioactive components of GWTZ decoction are predominantly enriched in reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive pathways. In vivo, the bile reflux-induced rat model showed a time-dependent progression from esophagitis to carcinoma. GWTZ decoction intervention markedly alleviated esophageal pathological injury, reduced the incidence of precancerous lesions and carcinoma, and downregulated P53 protein expression and <em>TNF-α</em> mRNA levels. In vitro, GWTZ decoction substantially suppressed ezrin phosphorylation at Thr567 and attenuated DCA-induced proliferation and oxidative stress, with efficacy comparable to the ezrin inhibitor NSC668394.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>GWTZ decoction effectively prevents and mitigates bile reflux-induced esophageal carcinogenesis by inhibiting ezrin phosphorylation at Thr567 and reducing oxidative stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100829"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148167408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral, pathological, electrophysiological, and transcriptomic analyses of neuroprotective effects of Huishen Granules on Alzheimer's Disease mice","authors":"Yuling Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaowen Liu ,&nbsp;Chunhua Liu ,&nbsp;Baogui Chen ,&nbsp;Junbo Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prmcm.2026.100825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, still lacks effective therapeutic interventions. <em>Huishen</em> Granules (HSG) as a traditional Chinese medicine prescription has shown therapeutic potential in AD, yet its mechanism remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, the neuroprotective effects of HSG were evaluated in 5 × FAD mice, a well-established AD model. Mice were randomly assigned to three groups: wild-type control (WT), AD model (AD) group, and HSG-treated groups. Cognitive and anxiety-like behaviors were evaluated using the Morris water maze, open-field test, novel object recognition test, and elevated plus maze. Hippocampal synaptic plasticity was assessed via in vivo electrophysiological recordings. Toxicity assessed by hematological tests and histopathology. Whole transcriptome sequencing combined with Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses identified HSG-targeted genes and pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>HSG administration improved cognitive performance, synaptic plasticity, and histological appearance in AD mice without toxicity. Transcriptomic analysis of hippocampal tissue identified 178 differentially expressed mRNAs between the WT and AD groups, among which 13 mRNAs showed significant alterations following HSG treatment. These genes primarily regulate energy metabolism, synaptic transmission, and inflammatory responses.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Collectively, these findings suggest that HSG mitigates cognitive deficits and neuronal pathology in AD mice by targeting multiple biological pathways, thereby providing a theoretical basis for its potential clinical application in AD therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101013,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100825"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148167405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}