Next Materials最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating the photocatalytic efficiency of polypyrrole-enhanced Bi₂WO₆/g-C₃N₅ nanocomposites for effective organic pollutant degradation","authors":"K.S Pushpa Valli ,&nbsp;A. Antony Christian Raja ,&nbsp;V. Selvam ,&nbsp;S. Mary Jelastin Kala ,&nbsp;A.S.I Joy Sinthiya ,&nbsp;B. Malathi","doi":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effective development of an advanced Z-scheme photocatalytic system, denoted as g-C₃N₅@/Bi₂WO₆/Ppy, was achieved by incorporating graphitic carbon nitride and Bi₂WO₆ nanoparticles, which were reinforced with polypyrrole (PPy). In the Z-scheme system, PPy functions as an Ohmic contact as a conductive polymer, thereby enabling the transfer of charge between g-C₃N₅ and Bi₂WO₆. The XRD confirms the crystalline nature of the Bi₂WO₆ and photocatalyst. The bandgap of the photocatalyst was enhanced, as determined through UV-DRS. BET studies confirms that adding pyrrole to g-C₃N₅@/Bi₂WO₆ significantly increases the surface area of the photocatalyst. Specifically, the 1:10 g-C₃N₅@/Bi₂WO₆ with PPy composition demonstrated exceptional photocatalytic activity, destroying over 96 % of Rhodamine B (RhB) and 98 % of Methylene Blue (MB) in 60 minutes under visible light. The primary species involved in the photocatalytic process are superoxide radicals (O₂•−) and holes (h⁺), according to photoelectrochemical tests and scavenging experiments. In recycling photocatalytic studies, the photocatalysts showed outstanding stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100958,"journal":{"name":"Next Materials","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100557"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile fabrication of a Z-scheme PVA/gelatin based CeO2/g-C3N4 heterojunction aerogel for enhanced visible light mediated photocatalytic degradation of psychoactive drug in aqueous phase","authors":"Debanjali Dey ,&nbsp;Shamik Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Ramkrishna Sen","doi":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With rapid industrialization and escalating urbanism, the accumulation of pharmaceutically active substances and their toxic byproducts have become a global environmental burden. To address this concern, herein, a self-supporting porous PVA/gelatin-based cerium dioxide (CeO₂)/graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) (pg-CCN) aerogel photocatalyst is synthesized through a facile two-step approach. The resulting lightweight aerogel is systematically evaluated for its ability to degrade caffeine (CAF), a psychoactive drug through visible light-mediated photocatalysis. The optimised pg-CCN aerogel manifests outstanding photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 95.8 % towards CAF within 180 min of visible light irradiation. This is apparently due to the heterostructure offering increased specific surface area, interconnected porous network, moderate band gap, fast interfacial charge transfer kinetics, and lowered recombination rate of photogenerated charge carriers. The latter is also because of a direct Z-scheme mechanism of action of the as-synthesized pg-CCN heterojunction. For a more comprehensive assessment of the photocatalytic efficiency of pg-CCN aerogel from a practical standpoint, investigations were conducted on the removal of other coexisting pharmaceuticals from complex multicomponent systems in various real water matrices. Further, these self-supporting aerogels not only exhibit high reusability with easy retrieval but also do not undergo any structural deformation on repeated usage. The findings of this work proffer valuable insights into the development of extremely efficacious Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts for the degradation of refractory pollutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100958,"journal":{"name":"Next Materials","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100533"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct chemical vapor deposition of CoO on Ni-foam for supercapacitor electrode applications","authors":"Joseph Anthony Duncan Jr.,&nbsp;Farhan Azim,&nbsp;Alisha Dhakal,&nbsp;Himal Pokhrel,&nbsp;Sanjay R. Mishra,&nbsp;Shawn David Pollard","doi":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low-pressure chemical vapor deposition was used to grow cobalt oxide (CoO) directly on nickel foam using a Cobalt Chloride (CoCl₂·6H₂O) precursor. The resultant coating was evaluated with scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, which revealed a disordered surface with significant growth of CoO throughout the three-dimensional porous structure. The electrochemical performance of the resultant structure was subsequently evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD), and cyclic voltammetry, showing a maximum specific capacitance of 1.10 F/cm² in a 1.0 M KOH aqueous solution at a 10 mV/s scan rate, significantly higher than that obtained for a control nickel foam electrode sample. Low charge transfer and solution resistances observed from EIS analysis suggested the influence of fast redox reactions at the CoO-coated Ni foam electrode-KOH electrolyte interface. The extended discharge times obtained from GCD measurements at low current densities demonstrate improved capacitive efficiency of the Ni-CoO electrode, thus making it a potential candidate in the field of energy storage application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100958,"journal":{"name":"Next Materials","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100570"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactive chirality transfer between chiral phosphor and achiral polyacetylene for constructing multi-color circularly polarized room temperature phosphorescence","authors":"Kai Yang ,&nbsp;Xinhui Gao ,&nbsp;Xujie Wang ,&nbsp;Biao Zhao ,&nbsp;Youping Wu ,&nbsp;Jianping Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Circularly polarized room temperature phosphorescence (CPRTP) attracts great attention, while it is still challenging for constructing CPRTP with large luminescence dissymmetry factor (<em>g</em>_lum). The present work establishes an interactive chirality transfer (ICT) strategy to modulate multi-color CPRTP, in which chiral phosphors work as chiral source and RTP emitter and achiral polyacetylene (PY) works as chirality transmitter. Chiral phosphors (S/R-PEA-DDT possessing blue RTP and S/R-PEA-NA possessing orange RTP, with lifetimes of 606 μs and 365 μs, respectively) without CPRTP are synthesized. As blending the phosphor with achiral PY, the chiral phosphor achieves helical chirality by ICT. In the process, chiral phosphor induces achiral PY forming chiral helical structure; furtherly, the induced helical structure subsequently induces the reverse helical arrangement of the chiral phosphor along with the helical structure. Hereto, the chiral phosphor achieves intrinsic CPRTP emission with maximum <em>g</em>_lum of 0.11. Benefited from the rigid helical structure of PY, the lifetimes of S/R-PEA-DDT and S/R-PEA-NA are increased by 4 % and 43 %, respectively. Furtherly, red CPRTP can be obtained via circularly polarized phosphorescence energy transfer (CPP-ET) by using the phosphors as the donor, with <em>g</em>_lum arriving at 10⁻². Multi-channel chiroptical integrated logic system and multi-dimension anti-counterfeiting are developed by leveraging the CPRTP of the films. The present work offers more insights into chirality transfer between the chiral-luminescent molecule and helical polymers, and establishes a universal platform for constructing CPRTP materials with large <em>g</em>_lum.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100958,"journal":{"name":"Next Materials","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100558"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-standing films of medical grade PLA/PEG copolymers for guided bone regeneration","authors":"Ricardo Rojas ,&nbsp;Juan P. Zanín ,&nbsp;Rocío Martínez ,&nbsp;German A. Gil","doi":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Both resorbable and non-resorbable membranes are intensely investigated as barriers materials for guided bone regeneration (GBR) due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. To optimize their performance in bone regeneration, the chemical, physical, and biological properties of these membranes must be precisely engineered, balancing mechanical strength and controlled degradation. In this study, self-standing films for GBR applications were developed from medical-grade PLA/polyethylene glycol (PEG) copolymers. The films were prepared by spin coating of copolymer inks that included dichloromethane as a solvent, and hydroxyapatite (HA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains as additives. The resulting films exhibited a thickness of 120–150 μm, a disordered arrangement of the copolymer chains, and initial poor toughness. The incorporation of PEG increased the toughness and hydrophilicity of the films and accelerated their degradation while HA improved their bioactivity but compromised their mechanical properties. The combination of HA and PEG produced films with a favorable balance between mechanical integrity and bioactivity. Cytocompatibility was confirmed with MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblastic cells, supporting the potential of these films for GBR applications. Osteogenic differentiation was reduced in films lacking HA, whereas HA substantially improved osteogenesis by serving as adhesion nodes for differentiated cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100958,"journal":{"name":"Next Materials","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100561"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive DFT analysis of Cr-based XCrH3 (X = Li, K, Cs) metal hydride perovskites: Unveiling multifaceted properties and hydrogen storage potential","authors":"Muhammad Mubeen Parvaiz ,&nbsp;Adnan Khalil ,&nbsp;Abdul Hannan ,&nbsp;Muhammad Bilal Tahir ,&nbsp;Mohammed A. Assiri ,&nbsp;Muhammad Rafique","doi":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100559","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the potential of perovskite hydrides XCrH₃ (X = Li, K, Cs) for hydrogen storage materials using density functional theory (DFT). The lattice constants are calculated as 3.35, 3.73, and 4.03 Å for LiCrH₃, KCrH₃, and CsCrH₃, respectively. All materials exhibit half-metallic nature and spin polarized band structure reveals magnetic nature. Mechanical properties shows that all compounds are in good agreement with Born stability criteria and are found to be anisotropic in nature. Formation energies are calculated as −4.139, −3.881, −3.536 eV/atom, and Gravimetric hydrogen storage capacities are found 4.38, 3.11, 1.58 % for LiCrH₃, KCrH₃, and CsCrH₃, respectively. Thermodynamic properties, including phonon dispersion, enthalpy, entropy, free energy, and heat capacity, are calculated. The optical properties including dielectric function, absorption, and refractive index are calculated. The volumetric hydrogen density and desorption temperature is calculated for all compounds. This study provides a theoretical foundation for further research into these materials for hydrogen storage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100958,"journal":{"name":"Next Materials","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100559"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143478791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reinforcing carbon nanotubes (CNT) into aluminum powder matrix as a nanocomposite coating with enhanced properties","authors":"Samuchsash Swargo ,&nbsp;Sobahan Mia","doi":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent times, the rise of carbon nanotube is something that easily catches our eyes. Modern researches are more and more getting focused about the research of carbon nanotube related materials. Nowadays, state-of-the-art material is metal matrix composite where carbon nanotube is used as reinforcements. This is one such investigation to find the possible outcomes of incorporating carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in aluminum powder to form a metal matrix composite and apply that as a coating over a sample to observe the enhancement of physical and morphological properties and wear and tear resistance. This study drags attention towards formulating an effective procedure to uniformly disperse CNTs into aluminum powder matrix and then apply them as a coating to determine the properties of the coating. The results indicate that CNT-reinforced aluminum coatings have an improved corrosion resistance and enhanced mechanical strength of the sample. The composite coating exhibited a tensile strength of 90.8 MPa and flexural strength of 44.8 N-mm for coated samples experiencing an increase of 8.48 % and 5.66 % respectively from uncoated samples. The corrosion resistance of the coated sample increased by 49 % on average in four different acidic media compared to uncoated samples. Moreover, the findings of the research suggest that the incorporation of CNT into aluminum powder increases surface roughness, impact resistance, fracture toughness and structural properties of the matrix. Finally, it can be said that the findings contribute to the growing knowledge on CNT-reinforced metal matrix composites and their potential to revolutionize the materials landscape in aerospace applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100958,"journal":{"name":"Next Materials","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100551"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malic acid as an organic linker for attaching Ag NPs to Fe3O4 nanoclusters: Synergistic enhancement of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities","authors":"Fatima E. Alzhrani ,&nbsp;Munazza Gull ,&nbsp;Amna N. Khan ,&nbsp;M. Aslam ,&nbsp;Wafa A. Bawazir ,&nbsp;Noor M. Bataweel ,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Al-hejin ,&nbsp;A. Hameed ,&nbsp;M. Tahir Soomro","doi":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study presents a simple and user-friendly one-pot method for fabricating Ag@Fe₃O₄ nanoclusters (NCs) and demonstrates their superior antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. In contrast, Ag NPs and Fe₂O₃ NPs synthesized with ascorbic acid as a reducing agent showed no antimicrobial effectiveness. The fabrication process of Ag@Fe₃O₄ NCs involved linking Ag NPs to Fe₃O₄ NCs by hydrolyzing FeCl₃ to Fe(OH)₃ with NaOH, reducing Fe(OH)₃ to Fe(OH)₂ using malic acid, and then oxidizing Fe(OH)₂ with AgNO₃. In the colloidal solution, malate ions from malic acid served as linkers, connecting Ag NPs to Fe₃O₄ NCs through surface interactions. FESEM images showed smaller spherical Ag NPs attached to clusters of square-shaped Fe₃O₄ particles, while FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of malate ions in the colloidal solution. The antimicrobial activity was assessed against Gram-positive bacteria (<em>B. cereus</em>, MRSA), Gram-negative bacteria (<em>E. coli</em>, <em>P. aeruginosa</em>, <em>S. liquefaciens</em>), and yeasts (<em>C. albicans</em>, <em>C. tropicalis</em>), showing that Ag@Fe₃O₄ NCs effectively eliminated both bacteria and fungi. MIC and growth curve investigations showed that even at very low concentrations, the individual components of Ag@Fe₃O₄ NCs (Ag NPs and Fe₃O₄ NCs) effectively synergize to inhibit bacterial growth. Additionally, the DPPH assay revealed that the antioxidant efficacy of Ag@Fe₃O₄ NCs was also enhanced through this synergistic interaction. This combined effect is attributed to the external force exerted by Fe₃O₄ NCs on the membrane, disrupting the cell wall and facilitating the entry of Ag NPs into the cell interior. Therefore, attaching Ag NPs to Fe₃O₄ NCs in a colloidal solution represents a novel approach for optimizing both antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100958,"journal":{"name":"Next Materials","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100542"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DFT-based insights into Ca, Mg, and Cr-doped BaNpO₃ perovskites for advanced optoelectronic applications","authors":"Md. Ziaul Islam ,&nbsp;Mehedi Hasan ,&nbsp;Md. Ferdous Rahman ,&nbsp;Md. Meganur Rhaman","doi":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Density functional theory and the generalized gradient approximation were employed to investigate the structural and optoelectronic properties of <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>Ba</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0.875</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mi>A</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0.125</mn></mrow></msub><mi>Np</mi><msub><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> (A = Ba, Ca, Mg, and Cr) perovskites. The calculated lattice parameters of <span><math><mrow><mi>BaNp</mi><msub><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> agree with previously calculated results and confirm the acceptability of these calculations. Electronic band structures and density of states analysis indicate a half-metallic nature across all variants. Optical property analysis reveals that Mg and Cr doping significantly enhance absorption in the infrared to ultraviolet regions, as well as reflectivity in low-energy ranges, suggesting their suitability for solar energy and electromagnetic shielding applications. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential of <span><math><mrow><mi>BaNp</mi><msub><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>-based perovskites for advanced optoelectronic and energy-efficient technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100958,"journal":{"name":"Next Materials","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100538"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances and challenges in single-atom catalysts for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis","authors":"Wei Xia,&nbsp;Jinyang Zhang,&nbsp;Guangyu Xu,&nbsp;Ting Jin,&nbsp;Qinglun Wang,&nbsp;Lifang Jiao","doi":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nxmate.2025.100553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen energy represents a promising alternative to fossil fuels, with the potential to facilitate sustainable development in the future. Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) technology can produce green hydrogen (H₂) at scale and with high purity, offering an environmentally benign solution. However, the advancement of PEMWE is currently restricted by challenges such as the sluggish kinetics of anode materials during the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and high cost. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) possess high atomic utilization efficiency of loading metals with high mass activity, making them particularly promising applications in PEMWE. Additionally, the catalytic properties of SACs can be precisely tailored through specific interactions between the support and the active sites. This review elucidates the fundamental principles of OER and PEMWE, highlighting the unique advantages of SACs in the anodic reactions of PEMWE. Subsequently, we summarize recent research advances in the application of SACs within PEMWE and discuss essential characterization techniques for investigating the structure and mechanisms of SACs in OER. Finally, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of this field and outline prospective directions for future development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100958,"journal":{"name":"Next Materials","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100553"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}