Nature-Based Solutions最新文献

{"title":"Grazing systems and natural capital: Influence of grazing management on natural capital in extensive livestock production systems","authors":"Anthony P. O'Grady , Daniel S. Mendham , Karel Mokany , Greg S. Smith , Stephen B. Stewart , Matthew T. Harrison","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using a weight of evidence approach, natural capital outcomes associated with regenerative grazing and silvopastoral systems were compared to those associated with conventional grazing systems. The aim of the review was to better understand how grazing management influences 16 natural capital indicators likely to be material from both an economic and sustainability perspective for grazing enterprises and to assess the evidence for associated impacts, positive or negative, on the natural capital resources required to sustain the system. Material natural capital issues reviewed included water availability and security, water quality, soil health and pasture productivity, biodiversity and climate change and greenhouse gas emissions.</div><div>The review confirms previous evidence that moderate to high levels of grazing tends to degrade natural capital, relative to light to moderate levels of grazing. In relation to regenerative grazing practices the responses were less clear. Regenerative grazing practices may have a positive impact on natural capital, particularly in relation to soil biodiversity and live weight gain on a per head basis. However, the evidence base suggests that the effect size may be small and may take some years to be realised. For 12 of the 16 indicators reviewed, the natural capital outcomes were inconclusive or unresolved even though for five of these indicators, the evidence base was considered to be robust. For the remainder of these the evidence base was insufficient to support an analysis of potential impacts. Similarly, for silvopastoral grazing management systems, there was some evidence to suggest that this type of grazing management could lead to improved natural capital outcomes. However, the evidence base was generally insufficient to definitively attribute the changes in grazing management practices to natural capital outcomes.</div><div>Although the evidence base for many of the natural capital outcomes associated with differing grazing management practices is incomplete, it should not be interpreted that this indicates a lack of a beneficial response, where a beneficial response would be characterised by improved natural capital and enterprise productivity. Rather it highlights shortcomings in the underlying evidence. Very few studies have the capacity to fully account for the benefits of changes in management practices on the natural capital outcomes and the productivity of the enterprise simultaneously and over a sufficient period of time to observe change. This was particularly evident in relation to carbon storage. While there have been many studies that have examined changes in the individual stocks, e.g. soil carbon or emissions in relation to grazing management very few studies have examined the whole farm carbon balance. Increased adoption of processes such as natural capital accounting, although in their infancy, could help to address this challenge and facilitate a more systematic analysis an en","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A socio-ecological approach to investigate the perception of green walls in cities: A comparative analysis of case studies in Turin and Lisbon","authors":"Matilde Molari ,&nbsp;Laura Dominici ,&nbsp;Maria Manso ,&nbsp;Cristina Matos Silva ,&nbsp;Elena Comino","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>New urban greening practices are increasingly adopted to contrast and mitigate critical issues of urban areas. These strategies involve <em>nature-inspired</em> solutions to increase sustainability and restore natural processes in cities. In this framework, green walls play a pivotal role to reintroduce nature and provide both environmental and socio-cultural benefits in high densely cities. Despite green walls contribute to increase the aesthetic value of buildings and people's consideration of the area, methodologies to effectively assess their social benefits are still lacking.</div><div>This study proposes a place-based approach to investigate the Restorative capacity of two outdoor green walls: a modular living walls system covering two facades of a public university building in Turin (Italy) and a plastic planter boxes based living wall located in an inner courtyard of a cultural centre in Lisbon (Portugal). Firstly, the two living walls were characterised through direct observation considering technical, spatial, and social aspects that influence the fruition and the biophilic perception of these public spaces. Then, a self-rating questionnaire based on the Perceived Restorativeness Scale model was given on-site to participants to investigate the influence of green walls on people's cognitive perception and well-being. The novel Green Wall Perceived Restorativeness Scale consists of 17 items that evaluate individuals' perceptions of green walls, emphasising their attractiveness, integrative role in the environment and contribution to the overall appeal and comfort of space. Similar results between sites suggest that common features such as development at maximum building height, symmetrical disposition, element repetition and plant variety are drivers of citizens perception of green walls. Outcomes support the recognised link between citizens aesthetic appreciation of green walls and their perceived sense of comfort and mental relief, related to the Being away factor. The spontaneous social gathering and citizens resting near both green walls creates evidence of the attractiveness of this nature-based solution as a landmark in the urban environment. These conclusions demonstrate the pivotal role of urban biophilic design to combine natural and artificial elements in architectural and landscape design creating an opportunity to increase the use of green walls to contribute to citizens well-being in urban settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging nature and urbanity through green roof resilience framework (GRF): A thematic review","authors":"Alishba Saqib ,&nbsp;M Sana Ullah Khan ,&nbsp;Irfan Ahmad Rana","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The impacts of climate change pose a critical research challenge for sustainability. Despite growing awareness of green roofs as nature-based solutions, a significant gap exists in understanding their role in urban resilience. The research reviews thematic perspectives of green roofs in improving urban resilience. The paper used the PRISMA framework to systematically review the literature on green roofs and climate change, utilizing the keywords \"green roof*” and climate change\" in the Web of Science database. Bibliometric and thematic analysis is used to observe research trends from 123 publications that meet inclusion criteria, which include selected keywords, language, and publication type. Recurrent themes included urban heat islands, stormwater runoff, thermal comfort, biodiversity conservation, carbon footprint reduction, urban agriculture, and human well-being. The study proposes the Green Roof Resilience Framework (GRF), which combines these ideas into a systematic method for enhancing urban resilience. The research advocates for mainstreaming green roofs into adaptation planning, envisioning the creation of sustainable and resilient societies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772411524000739/pdfft?md5=40cecef26b060bff6fc2ad74c6807956&pid=1-s2.0-S2772411524000739-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public participation and NGO activity in nature-based solutions in urban areas of China","authors":"Richard Hardiman ,&nbsp;Anders Branth Pedersen ,&nbsp;Anne Jensen ,&nbsp;Kelly Guyu Dai ,&nbsp;Carolyn Petersen","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper analyses the degree and types of public participation in Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) projects in China. The paper is based upon the premise that NBS affect multiple aspects of the city as a place for the daily lives and activities of citizens and that NBS implementation can benefit from citizen and stakeholder involvement. NBS thus offer a platform for stimulating engagement between the local government and the public. Case studies are examined through a literature review, site visits, and interviews with researchers, local officials and NGOs in China. The paper indicates that there has been significant progress since the 1990s in formal requirements of public participation through Chinese legislation promoting the inclusiveness of the public in environmental and NBS decision-making, and acknowledgment of the importance of NGOs, however actual implementation of soliciting public opinion and involvement in NBS project design has been more limited. The case studies suggest that the level of involvement of the public in NBS activities and decision-making is the reciprocal of the size of the project, where there is a high-level of involvement in the smaller local projects, but minimal involvement in larger-scale NBS projects. We find that Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) have a significant potential to help finance NBS projects providing the project can forecast low risk and positive revenue for investors, therefore this model would merit further exploration. However, PPPs may also involve limited public participation by citizens and stakeholders beyond private companies and may therefore require targeted efforts to address local communities’ needs and interests. Local people are the most important (and willing) actors and opinionators in projects that directly affect their lives, livelihoods and well-being. The findings highlight the important role of NGOs in promoting and facilitating public participation, and accompanying co-benefits, in several of the Chinese case studies. Our study also suggests that symbiosis between local governments and the citizens could be invoked by local community-based organisations (e.g. Community Resident Committees or similar) that can act as a liaison point and catalyst to public participation in NBS projects, although significant training would also be required.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772411524000740/pdfft?md5=3a64f8feb10d73e82f378c349c3655ad&pid=1-s2.0-S2772411524000740-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the Japanese traditional river training structure “Seigyu (Crib spur dike)” on river morphology and its geometrical changes","authors":"Temma Fujii ,&nbsp;Sameh Ahmed Kantoush ,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Takemon ,&nbsp;Mahmood Mohamed Al mamari ,&nbsp;Tetsuya Sumi","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The traditional Japanese river training structure, known as “Seigyu”, designed to divert flow, reduce flow velocity, and promote geomorphological changes, is expected to contribute to the management of river morphology. Seigyu is highly impervious at the bottom giving it a unique function. Twelve Seigyus were installed in the Kizu River in Japan to assess their ability to serve as a sediment management structure, which is necessary when considering sediment replenishment from upstream dams constructed upstream. Images and videos were recorded by a UAV to assess the flow and morphology around Seigyu via image-based analysis. Additionally, the shift in its function caused by the transformation of Seigyu itself, such as tilting and clogging, was investigated. The detected geomorphological changes indicated that Seigyu contributed to the formation of complex morphological patterns and the continuous shift in the sediment budget from erosional to depositional. Even after tilting approximately 25°, Seigyus’ effects were sustained. High-velocity flow, which occurred between two Seigyus in the early stages after implementation, did not appear or at least decreased in velocity after debris was trapped between the Seigyus. These results suggest that the effects of Seigyu persist even after its transformation, and future simulations and implementations should consider these changes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772411524000715/pdfft?md5=fce6fc6fd474376290b962829c9bde73&pid=1-s2.0-S2772411524000715-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shaping coastal nature-based solutions: Perceptions and policy priorities of living shorelines","authors":"Carlie Dario ,&nbsp;Cali Curley ,&nbsp;Katharine J. Mach","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coastal nature-based solutions, such as living shorelines, are promoted as shoreline stabilization alternatives to hard infrastructure in the United States. In the state of Florida, where sea level rise and increasing storms impact coastal areas, living shorelines are a state research priority to support coastal risk reduction and resilience goals. However, while the ecological benefits of living shorelines are well-documented, few studies have examined the social and institutional factors that hinder or support the design and implementation of living shorelines in Florida.</div><div>Our study applies an integrated framework combining results from expert interviews with a policy analysis to evaluate decision-making contexts and considerations related to living shorelines in Florida. We present barriers and enablers of living shorelines as perceived by practitioners and marine contractors. Key barriers to adoption of living shorelines include rule or permitting-related mismatches, community-level use and access concerns, and environmental design uncertainties. Enablers include community-level education and incentives, increased demonstration projects, and criteria or policy standardization for living shorelines. We then connect these barriers and enablers to policy priority patterns drawn from coastal management plans in select Florida counties. These policy priority patterns involve defining nature-based and hard solutions, addressing public and private access concerns, and resolving restoration and conservation goals when considering living shorelines as an appropriate coastline stabilization and protection measure. By connecting on-the-ground practical experiences with insights from coastal management policies, our study provides a socio-institutional methodology and contextual baseline for the planning and implementation of living shorelines in Florida and similar coastal areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772411524000703/pdfft?md5=6e41c908eed605265b9c29a86fa1613b&pid=1-s2.0-S2772411524000703-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the potential for nature-based solutions to cool the streetscapes of a densely urbanised Mediterranean city","authors":"Mark D.C. Mansoldo ,&nbsp;Claudia de Luca ,&nbsp;Mario V. Balzan","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rising temperatures due to climate change are expected to have a greater impact on cities, compared to rural areas, due to the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. In cities of the Mediterranean Basin, cooling of the urban microclimate is becoming a priority for practitioners, stakeholders, citizens and public authorities. The use of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) to address the UHI effect is often advocated in the literature but there are few accounts of these interventions in high-density historical cities. This study focuses on Cottonera, a densely populated urban area with extensive soil sealing and low natural cooling capacity on the island of Malta. Since many residents already place potted plants in the streetscape outside their homes, this informal urban greening of public space provides a currently untapped resource which could be maximised to form coordinated NbS interventions to cool the streetscape. To explore this possibility, the vegetation placed in the streetscape is surveyed for its current and potential capacity to provide shading to pedestrians, whilst an analysis of the spatial constraints of the urban fabric informs appropriate interventions for the case study area. Residents are asked for their thoughts on urban greening and their willingness to participate in such a project as an initial step towards a participatory planning approach. Three types of NbS are proposed that could be co-implemented alongside the community to achieve place-based hybrid NbS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Spartina alterniflora eradication project in Chongming Island a nature-based solution?","authors":"Dong-Fan Xu ,&nbsp;Qi Yuan ,&nbsp;Ling-Wen Lu ,&nbsp;Bing Tan ,&nbsp;Ming Ge ,&nbsp;Jing-Yi Chen ,&nbsp;Ying-Ying Hao ,&nbsp;Si-Qi Zhou ,&nbsp;Ling-Sang Sheng ,&nbsp;Xing-Xing Cai ,&nbsp;Bin Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Invasive species profoundly impact ecosystems globally, not only threatening biodiversity by displacing native species but also disrupting ecological balances and imposing significant economic burdens. This has led countries to actively combat these pervasive threats. In China, <em>Spartina alterniflora</em>, an invasive species, has taken over more than 70 % of the coastal zone in just 50 years, especially in salt marsh. This study aims to assess the <em>Spartina alterniflora</em> eradication project in Dongtan of Chongming Island, Shanghai, based on the IUCN Global Standard for Nature-based Solutions (NBS). To ensure the comprehensiveness and diversity of the assessment process, stakeholders with diverse backgrounds were invited. The Dongtan project was qualitatively evaluated using the IUCN self-assessment tool for its adherence to the IUCN NBS Standard, identifying its strengths, weaknesses, improvement areas, and contributions to the national eradication campaign. The results show that the Dongtan Project closely aligns with the NBS standard, achieving an 88 % match, and demonstrates excellence in addressing societal challenges, enhancing biodiversity, and offering multiple benefits. Nevertheless, improvements can be made in Economic Feasibility (Criterion 4), Inclusive Governance (Criterion 5), and Balance Trade-offs (Criterion 6). The study underscores the importance of employing NBS standards for self-assessment in the project design phase, which facilitates the identification and refinement of potential design issues. The success of the Dongtan Project, exemplified by its effective <em>Spartina alterniflor</em>a eradication strategies, serves as a compelling model for similar national campaigns.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772411524000697/pdfft?md5=fe4f52de47459077b4de2e095ec73c1b&pid=1-s2.0-S2772411524000697-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142173660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecosystem restoration and management based on nature-based solutions in China: Research progress and representative practices","authors":"Chaonan Cheng ,&nbsp;Feng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ecosystem restoration, as a core strategy for implementing Nature-based Solutions (NbS), inherently aligns with NbS principles. Despite significant progress in biodiversity conservation and restoration, China still faces risks of ecosystem degradation. To maximize the potential of NbS in China's restoration efforts, it is crucial to develop a framework rooted in NbS principles. However, the application of NbS is hindered by weak theoretical foundations and a lack of comprehensive case studies. This study integrated NbS principles with key theoretical concepts, including sustainable development, socio-ecological systems, ecosystem services, biodiversity, restoration ecology, natural capital, and ecological products, to develop a NbS-based theoretical framework for ecosystem restoration. Drawing on insights from the \"Generation Restoration'' report, we synthesized representative practices across various Chinese ecosystems, including farmlands, forests, freshwater, grasslands, oceans, coasts, peatlands and urban areas. Our study provides both a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for integrating NbS into ecosystem restoration, aiming to enhance conservation efforts and promote sustainable development in China.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772411524000673/pdfft?md5=b514e5ffbad85f45d5dee80668e5f298&pid=1-s2.0-S2772411524000673-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142135804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shifting sands: The influence of coral reefs on shoreline erosion from short-term storm protection to long-term disequilibrium","authors":"Stephan A Bitterwolf ,&nbsp;Borja G Reguero ,&nbsp;Curt D Storlazzi ,&nbsp;Michael W Beck","doi":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate change is exacerbating shoreline erosion and flooding, posing significant risks to coastal communities. Although traditional coastal defenses such as seawalls, dykes, and breakwaters offer protection from these hazards, their high environmental and economic costs are driving interest in cost-competitive nature-based solutions. Coral reef restoration is a nature-based solution that may be particularly apt to mitigate tropical coastal flooding and shoreline erosion while providing benefits to local tourism, fisheries, and nature. However, the novelty of this field requires studies demonstrating the benefits of reefs for coastal protection. While the flood protection benefits of reefs have been well-documented, their effects on shoreline erosion are comparatively less understood. Here, we investigate the effects of coral reefs on shoreline erosion by comparing tropical beach responses at short and long timescales, as well as identifying important reef structural features influencing coastal erosion rates. Our analyses leveraged two key datasets created in this study: the first derived from a literature review on short-term shoreline erosion due to storm events, and another compiling &gt;80 years of long-term erosion rates, bathymetry, habitat, and wave energy for the Hawaiian Islands of Kauaʻi, Oʻahu, and Maui. Our analyses reveal three key findings regarding the effects of reefs on shoreline erosion. Firstly, we find evidence for the role of reefs in mitigating shoreline erosion during storm events, with coral reef-protected beaches experiencing 97 % less beach volume loss than unprotected beaches. Secondly, a linear regression analysis demonstrates that coral reef structure and wave energy are important predictors of long-term shoreline erosion rates, explaining 34 % of the variation across the Hawaiian Islands. Consistent with prior research, we find beaches protected by coral reefs with shallow reef crests, wide reef flats, calmer offshore conditions, and positioned farther from the shore exhibit lower erosion rates than others. Finally, when comparing historical erosion rates of protected and unprotected beaches in Hawai'i, we find a seemingly incongruous pattern where coral reef-protected beaches eroded up to 2x faster than beaches without reefs. While the cause of the enhanced erosion is yet to be fully understood, a combination of coral reef structural degradation and sea-level rise is likely shifting the equilibrium profiles of reef-protected beaches inshore. These results emphasize the role of coral reefs in reducing coastal erosion during storm events while revealing contrasting erosion patterns over long timescales. Future studies would ideally broaden the scope to include various regions, utilize advanced sediment transport models, and undertake field experiments to deepen our understanding of coral reef-coupled shoreline dynamics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100945,"journal":{"name":"Nature-Based Solutions","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277241152400065X/pdfft?md5=bc02396844b4f441afc81a598731e5f7&pid=1-s2.0-S277241152400065X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142099296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}