发布求助
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献

Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Cáncer de mama 乳腺癌
Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2025.01.002
A. Escudero García, P. Pérez Segura
{"title":"Cáncer de mama","authors":"A. Escudero García,&nbsp;P. Pérez Segura","doi":"10.1016/j.med.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.med.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breast cancer is a health problem with a high incidence worldwide. It is a heterogeneous disease, with anatomical-pathological and molecular differences and a highly variable clinical behavior. It is divided into three main subtypes according to the immunohistochemical presence or absence of hormone receptors (HR) or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2): hormonal breast cancer (HR positive/HER2 negative; accounting for approximately two-thirds of diagnoses), HER2 positive breast cancer, and triple negative breast cancer (tumors that express neither HR nor HER2). Early diagnosis and preventive strategies in high-risk women, such as carriers of pathogenic variants in cancer susceptibility genes, are essential in order to increase patient survival. In addition, advances in knowledge of its etiopathogenesis have improved therapeutic strategies and, consequently, disease prognosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100912,"journal":{"name":"Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado","volume":"14 24","pages":"Pages 1412-1422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Protocolo de indicaciones terapéuticas y paliativas de cirugía y radioterapia en el cáncer de mama 乳腺癌手术和放疗治疗和姑息治疗适应症议定书
Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2025.01.008
A. Escudero García, P. Pérez Segura
{"title":"Protocolo de indicaciones terapéuticas y paliativas de cirugía y radioterapia en el cáncer de mama","authors":"A. Escudero García,&nbsp;P. Pérez Segura","doi":"10.1016/j.med.2025.01.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.med.2025.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The therapeutic approach to early breast cancer aims to reduce the recurrence rate and increase the cure rate for patients, reducing the psychological impact and comorbidity that arise from the treatments. Conservative surgery and mastectomy show similar results in terms of survival. Indications for a lymphadenectomy have decreased thanks to the implementation of the sentinel lymph node technique in initial surgical staging or after neoadjuvant treatment and to the role of adjuvant axillary radiotherapy in reducing local and distant recurrences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100912,"journal":{"name":"Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado","volume":"14 24","pages":"Pages 1452-1457"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cáncer de endometrio 子宫内膜癌
Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2025.01.004
M. García Gómez, P. Pérez Segura
{"title":"Cáncer de endometrio","authors":"M. García Gómez,&nbsp;P. Pérez Segura","doi":"10.1016/j.med.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.med.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries and its incidence is increasing in Spain. There are modifiable lifestyle-related risk factors, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and estrogen exposure, as well as genetic factors, with Lynch syndrome being particularly significant. Traditionally, it was classified into two subtypes: endometrioid/type I and non-endometrioid/type II. However, it is now divided into four molecular subtypes with distinct prognoses: POLE mutation, microsatellite instability, TP53 mutation, and no specific molecular profile. The treatment depends on the stage of the disease. In early stages, surgery is curative. In advanced stages where surgery is feasible, it should be performed, but always combined with other adjuvant treatments (chemotherapy, radiotherapy). The new molecular classification allows for more targeted treatments in metastatic stages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100912,"journal":{"name":"Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado","volume":"14 24","pages":"Pages 1432-1438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Protocolo de prevención del cáncer de mama y ginecológico 预防乳腺癌和妇科癌症议定书
Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2025.01.007
A. Escudero García, B. Gómez Díez, P. Pérez Segura
{"title":"Protocolo de prevención del cáncer de mama y ginecológico","authors":"A. Escudero García,&nbsp;B. Gómez Díez,&nbsp;P. Pérez Segura","doi":"10.1016/j.med.2025.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.med.2025.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prevention strategies are a fundamental part of public health programs to prevent the development of cancer (primary prevention) and increase its early detection (secondary prevention). For breast cancer, secondary prevention programs such as mammography screening in the general population are of note. For cervical cancer, there is opportunistic screening with cervical cytology and human papillomavirus (HPV) testing. Primary prevention includes vaccination strategies to prevent HPV infection and subsequent malignant transformation of the cervical epithelium, which can lead to cervical carcinoma. Other primary prevention measures are risk reduction strategies, such as prophylactic bilateral mastectomy or bilateral salpingoophorectomy in the case of high-risk pathogenic variants within the hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100912,"journal":{"name":"Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado","volume":"14 24","pages":"Pages 1448-1451"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hallazgo de bultoma mamario en paciente premenopáusica 在绝经前患者中发现乳腺瘤
Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2025.01.009
B. Gómez Díez, P. Pérez Segura
{"title":"Hallazgo de bultoma mamario en paciente premenopáusica","authors":"B. Gómez Díez,&nbsp;P. Pérez Segura","doi":"10.1016/j.med.2025.01.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.med.2025.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100912,"journal":{"name":"Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado","volume":"14 24","pages":"Pages 1458.e1-1458.e4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Melanoma cutáneo 皮肤黑素瘤
Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2025.01.001
B. Gómez Díez, P. Pérez Segura
{"title":"Melanoma cutáneo","authors":"B. Gómez Díez,&nbsp;P. Pérez Segura","doi":"10.1016/j.med.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.med.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cutaneous melanoma is the most aggressive cutaneous neoplasm. The most important causative factor is excessive sun exposure, although it can also have a familial component. Early identification of suspicious lesions is essential. The ABCDE rule and the «ugly duckling» sign can be used and identification should be confirmed via an excisional biopsy. When the diagnosis of melanoma is confirmed, a molecular and extension study by means of a dermoscopy, a whole body imaging test, and regional lymph node study must be performed in order to correctly stage the melanoma and decide on the treatment. If it is in the localized stage, a proper enlargement of margins, selective sentinel lymph node biopsy, or lymphadenectomy will be performed, depending on the case, and the addition of systemic adjuvant therapy will be assessed. In the case of advanced melanoma, first-line treatment will be determined based on the need for symptomatic relief, <em>BRAF</em> gene mutational status, presence of brain metastases, and whether or not these are symptomatic. The main medical treatments for melanoma are anti-CTLA4 (ipilimumab) and anti-PD1 (nivolumab and pembrolizumab) checkpoint inhibitors and the combination of <em>BRAF</em> inhibitors with MEK inhibitors (dabrafenib with trametinib, cobimetinib with vemurafenib, and encorafenib with binimetinib).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100912,"journal":{"name":"Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado","volume":"14 24","pages":"Pages 1401-1411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Protocolo de evaluación de los biomarcadores moleculares y celulares en el cáncer de mama 乳腺癌分子和细胞生物标志物评估议定书
Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2025.01.005
A. Escudero García, P. Pérez Segura
{"title":"Protocolo de evaluación de los biomarcadores moleculares y celulares en el cáncer de mama","authors":"A. Escudero García,&nbsp;P. Pérez Segura","doi":"10.1016/j.med.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.med.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with a highly variable clinical behavior. It is important to know the prognostic and predictive factors in order to define patients’ risk after diagnosis and to be able to select the best treatment in each case. Prognostic markers include clinical (age, disease stage), pathological (tumor grade, Ki67, estrogen receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), histology), and molecular (Oncotype Dx®, Mammaprint®, Endopredict®, or Prosigma® provide prognostic information in luminal disease) factors. This protocol reviews the immunohistochemical and molecular classification of breast cancer as well as its main prognostic and/or predictive factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100912,"journal":{"name":"Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado","volume":"14 24","pages":"Pages 1439-1442"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cáncer de ovario 卵巢癌
Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2025.01.003
M. García Gómez, P. Pérez Segura
{"title":"Cáncer de ovario","authors":"M. García Gómez,&nbsp;P. Pérez Segura","doi":"10.1016/j.med.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.med.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epithelial ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecologic cancer in developed countries and both its incidence and mortality are increasing. Risk factors include both genetic elements, such as mutations in the <em>BRCA1/2</em> genes and others involved in the DNA error repair system, and lifestyle. Epithelial ovarian cancer is classified into five histological subtypes with distinct molecular characteristics and different prognoses. Early diagnosis is difficult due to nonspecific symptoms and the absence of effective screening. Therefore, most cases are diagnosed in advanced stages. Treatment depends on the stage. In early stages (I-II), treatment consists of complete cytoreductive surgery. Adjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel is used in stages II and I high grade disease. In advanced disease (stages IIIC-IV), neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval surgery is indicated if complete primary cytoreduction is not feasible. Maintenance therapy includes bevacizumab and/or PARP inhibitors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100912,"journal":{"name":"Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado","volume":"14 24","pages":"Pages 1423-1431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143096164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cronobiología y aplicaciones médicas (I). Los ritmos circadianos 时间生物学和医疗应用（一）：昼夜节律
Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2024.11.020
O. Fraile-Martínez , C. García-Montero , L. Ríos , M.A. Sáez , M. Álvarez de Mon-Soto , M.A. Ortega
{"title":"Cronobiología y aplicaciones médicas (I). Los ritmos circadianos","authors":"O. Fraile-Martínez ,&nbsp;C. García-Montero ,&nbsp;L. Ríos ,&nbsp;M.A. Sáez ,&nbsp;M. Álvarez de Mon-Soto ,&nbsp;M.A. Ortega","doi":"10.1016/j.med.2024.11.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.med.2024.11.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronobiology is a discipline that studies how biological processes are organized in time cycles in response to environmental fluctuations, including circadian, ultradian, and infradian rhythms. Circadian rhythms, which last approximately 24<!--> <!-->hours, respond to the changes from light to darkness and other variations, whereas ultradian rhythms occur in cycles of less than 24<!--> <!-->hours and infradian rhythms encompass cycles longer than one day. Chronobiology has multiple medical applications. The importance of each of these rhythms has been demonstrated in a wide variety of physiological processes. They act in a coordinated manner to regulate the body's different functions. On the other hand, the loss or disruption of these rhythms has been associated with a wide variety of clinical diseases. The dysregulation of these rhythms is associated with an endless number of medical conditions. In this first part of the work, the concept of chronobiology will be explained and the main types of biological rhythms in the body will be presented. After, it will focus on detailing the key underlying mechanisms of circadian rhythms together with their influence on different physiological and pathological processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100912,"journal":{"name":"Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado","volume":"14 23","pages":"Pages 1350-1363"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tabaquismo: concepto e impacto individual y social Tabaquismo：概念对个人和社会的影响
Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.med.2024.11.023
V. Herrera-Yépez , M. Llavero-Valero , M.Á. Álvarez-Mon
{"title":"Tabaquismo: concepto e impacto individual y social","authors":"V. Herrera-Yépez ,&nbsp;M. Llavero-Valero ,&nbsp;M.Á. Álvarez-Mon","doi":"10.1016/j.med.2024.11.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.med.2024.11.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tobacco use is a chronic, recurring disease characterized by nicotine addiction and constant exposure to the various toxins present in tobacco. This condition is associated with a high degree of morbidity and mortality, as tobacco use is associated with multiple health problems such as respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer, among others. It is one of the public health problems that is most difficult to eradicate, despite the multiple campaigns there are at present, given that a large percentage of individuals worldwide continue to use tobacco. Health professionals play a fundamental role in the fight against tobacco use, both in prevention and in treatment. The two main pillars in stopping tobacco use are cognitive behavioral therapy and drug therapy. The scientific evidence has demonstrated that current treatments for stopping smoking are safe and effective, but there are financial and personal conditions that limit access to them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100912,"journal":{"name":"Medicine - Programa de Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado","volume":"14 23","pages":"Pages 1394-1400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
首页 上一页 下一页 尾页
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整，为了账户安全，请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们：info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务，方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号：481959085
Book学术官方微信