Biomarcadores predictivos en el cáncer de pulmón. Implicaciones terapéuticas

Abstract

Targeted and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies have changed the prognosis and quality of life for subgroups of lung cancer patients. The 2004 discovery of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations followed by rearrangements in the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene facilitated the development of targeted drugs for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In recent years, other therapeutic targets have been identified in patients with adenocarcinoma that are being incorporated into clinical practice. To date, the only predictive biomarker of immunotherapy efficacy approved in patients with NSCLC is the immunohistochemical (IHC) determination of PD-L1 (Programmed death-ligand-1) in the tumor. This protocol aims to summarize the predictive biomarkers of treatment efficacy used in routine clinical practice.