Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Giant fecaloma: Can early surgical intervention prevent stercoral peritonitis?","authors":"Najib Bahrou ,&nbsp;El Khalil Cherif ,&nbsp;Safa Elmouhib ,&nbsp;Jihane EL Hamzaoui ,&nbsp;Yahia ZaineAl Abidine Khedid ,&nbsp;Mohamed El Absi ,&nbsp;El Mahjoub Echarrab ,&nbsp;Mohamed El Ounani ,&nbsp;EL Alami El Faricha El Hassan","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fecaloma, an accumulation of hardened fecal matter, is a clinical challenge that most often occurs in the rectum and sigmoid colon, rarely in the rest of the colon. Often overlooked, fecalomas can potentially lead to serious complications such as obstruction and perforation. Conservative management of fecaloma typically involves the use of laxatives, enemas, or digital disimpaction. However, when conservative methods are ineffective surgical intervention is required. This article presents a rare case of a 54-year-old patient with a history of tuberculous meningoradiculitis and chronic constipation, leading to a giant fecaloma presenting with severe abdominal distension. Despite conservative measures, including enemas and dietary care, the patient developed stercoral peritonitis and sigmoid colonic perforation necessitating late surgical intervention leading to death. This case allows us to engage in discussions over the correct management of this entity which is often underestimated by healthcare practitioners particularly by surgeons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between women’s autonomy and reproductive health outcomes in India","authors":"Charu Tayal ,&nbsp;Rajesh Sharma ,&nbsp;Kusum Lata","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In India, limited autonomy in maternal reproductive healthcare decision-making remains a persistent issue. This study investigates the impact of women’s autonomy in managing their healthcare on abortion history, knowledge of contraceptive methods, wanted pregnancy, and delivery via caesarean section in India.</div></div><div><h3>Data and methods</h3><div>The data for this study were extracted from two rounds of the Indian Demographic and Health Survey [DHS (2015–16) and DHS (2019–21)]. Descriptive statistics, logistic regression and time interaction regression model were employed to investigate the association between women’s autonomy in managing their healthcare and access to reproductive healthcare services.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Women whose healthcare decisions were jointly managed with their husband/partner had higher odds of having a wanted pregnancy [OR = 1.64; p&lt;0.01] in 2015–16 and [OR = 1.29; p&lt;0.10] in 2019–21 compared to women who managed healthcare decisions alone. However, the significance of shared healthcare decision-making in predicting a wanted pregnancy diminished between 2015–16 and 2019–21. In 2015–16, the odds of delivery via caesarean section were lower for women who managed their healthcare jointly with their husband/partner [OR = 0.79; p&lt;0.05] and for those whose healthcare decisions were made by someone else [OR = 0.57; p&lt;0.01] compared to women who managed healthcare decisions alone. Additionally, in 2015–16 when healthcare decisions were made by the husband/partner alone, women had significantly lower odds of knowing contraceptive methods [OR = 0.48; p&lt;0.05] compared to when women managed healthcare decisions alone. Furthermore, in each round, women with higher levels of education, health insurance coverage, from wealthier households, and those whose husbands were educated and older at the time of childbirth, had higher odds of having contraceptive knowledge and a wanted pregnancy in India.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In summary, we found that when healthcare decisions were made solely by the husband or partner, women had significantly lower odds of being knowledgeable about contraceptive methods. Furthermore, we found that the odds of delivery via caesarean section were lower when women jointly managed their healthcare with their partner. To achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.7, which calls for universal access to sexual and reproductive healthcare services, it is crucial to promote informed reproductive choices, enhance contraceptive knowledge, and increase access to reproductive healthcare services in India.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer screening among sexual minority groups in the United States","authors":"Samuel Tundealao ,&nbsp;Anusha Sajja ,&nbsp;Tolulope Titiloye ,&nbsp;Praise Okunlola ,&nbsp;Adedayo Ogunware ,&nbsp;Olajumoke Olarewaju","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assessed the prevalence and likelihood of being up-to-date with cancer screening tests based on sexual orientation among United States (US) adults. It is a secondary analysis of the Health Information National Trends Survey 6, a nationally representative survey of civilian, non-institutionalized adults aged 18 or older living in the United States. A descriptive analysis of the sociodemographic characteristics based on cancer screening was done with a survey-weighted Chi-Squared test. Survey-weighted binomial multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between sexual orientation and being up-to-date with cancer screening tests. In addition, logistic regression using the backward selection method was also used to evaluate factors associated with not being up-to-date with cancer screening among the sexual minority (SM) population alone. There were 5209 heterosexual individuals (non-SM) and 439 SM individuals (58 lesbian women, 93 gay men, 148 bisexual women, 35 bisexual men, and 105 other SM groups). Approximately 17.5 % of non-SM individuals in the US are up-to-date with cancer screening tests, while 10.9 % of SM people are up-to-date with cancer screening. The prevalences of up-to-date cancer screening among the different SM populations include gay men (7.4 %), lesbian women (12.6 %), bisexual men (8.7 %), bisexual women (9.7 %), and other SM groups (15.5 %). SM people are 1.56 times (CI: 1.06 – 2.91, p&lt;0.03) more likely to not be up-to-date with cancer screening tests compared to non-SM individuals after adjusting for other sociodemographic characteristics. SM individuals who are less than 40 years old (aOR = 4.16, CI: 1.54–11.20, p=0.006), not married (aOR = 2.75, CI: 1.05–7.15, p=0.041), and currently smoke (aOR = 5.60, CI: 1.09–28.85, p=0.040) are more likely not to be up-date with cancer screening. This study provided crucial information that further bridged gaps in cancer disparities among the SM population and provided information that could help define SM-specific interventions to increase the rates of cancer screening among this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case report of combined hemoperfusion and hemodiafiltration utilization in pediatric severe Quetiapine poisoning","authors":"Ufuk Yükselmiş ,&nbsp;Merve Akçay ,&nbsp;Omar Alomari ,&nbsp;Müge Kömürcüoğlu Yılmaz","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quetiapine is an atypical antipsychotic commonly used to manage psychotic and bipolar disorders. While quetiapine overdose is often associated with sedation, tachycardia, and QT interval prolongation on the ECG, severe hypotension and corrected QT interval (QTc) prolongation are relatively rare. There is limited information available regarding the safety of quetiapine overdose, particularly in the pediatric population. Here, we present the case of a 15-year-old girl who ingested quetiapine in a suicide attempt. A 15-year-old girl who ingested 1200 mg of quetiapine (22.6 mg/kg) in a suicide attempt. The overdose led to multiple severe symptoms, including tachycardia, agitation, hypotension, loss of consciousness, and QTc prolongation. To effectively eliminate quetiapine, we utilized a combination of hemoperfusion (HP) and continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) therapy. According to recent literature, this is the first reported pediatric case of severe quetiapine poisoning successfully treated with the combined use of HP and CVVHDF. In this report, we compare the clinical presentation with previous cases of quetiapine overdose in both pediatric and adult populations, review current treatment recommendations, and introduce a novel therapeutic approach for managing quetiapine poisoning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent blepharospasm and bradyphrenia following Artery of Percheron infarction","authors":"Hazim Muhammad Yousuf Brohi,&nbsp;Muhammad Luqman,&nbsp;Syeda Zainab Fatima Rizvi ,&nbsp;Syed Muhammad Sinaan Ali ,&nbsp;Mohammad Bilal Abbasi","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infarctions of the artery of Percheron are a rare clinical event, primarily presenting as bilateral thalamic infarcts with varying manifestations. We report an unusual case of a 50-year-old male who presented with sudden loss of consciousness, afebrile hypertension, and a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 7/15. Initial laboratory findings were unremarkable, but further investigations revealed bilateral thalamic infarcts on MRI. The patient was managed for stroke with antiplatelet therapy and supportive treatment. He was discharged after improvement in his clinical status; however, he continued to experience persistent bradyphrenia and blepharospasm. During a follow-up visit, the patient was administered a Botox injection, which improved the blepharospasm, emphasizing on the importance of palliative care in addressing long-term sequelae of stroke. This patient exhibited the rare combination of bradyphrenia and blepharospasm. MRI is the investigation of choice in diagnosing AOP infarcts, but timely clinical evaluation is essential to minimize the risk of persistent long-term symptoms. This case of an atypical presentation of blepharospasm and bradyphrenia associated with an AOP infarct highlights the need for further research into the diverse clinical manifestations and underlying mechanisms of these infarctions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical Challenges in the Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Palliative Care","authors":"Abiodun Adegbesan ,&nbsp;Adewunmi Akingbola ,&nbsp;Olajide Ojo ,&nbsp;Otumara Urowoli Jessica ,&nbsp;Uthman Hassan Alao ,&nbsp;Uchechukwu Shagaya ,&nbsp;Olajumoke Adewole ,&nbsp;Owolabi Abdullahi","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into palliative care offers the possibility of improved patient outcomes through enhanced decision-making, personalized care, and reduced healthcare provider burden. However, the use of AI in this sensitive area presents significant ethical challenges which require serious consideration to ensure that technology serves the best interests of patients without compromising their rights or well-being. This narrative review explores the key ethical issues associated with AI in palliative care, with a focus on low-resource settings where these challenges are often intensified. The review examines essential ethical principles such as autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice, and identifies critical concerns including data privacy, informed consent, algorithmic bias, and the risk of depersonalizing care. It also highlights the unique difficulties faced in low-resource environments, where the lack of infrastructure and regulatory frameworks can exacerbate these ethical risks. To address these challenges, the review offers actionable recommendations, such as developing context-specific guidelines, promoting transparency and accountability through explainable AI (XAI), and conducting regular ethical audits. Interdisciplinary collaboration is emphasized to ensure that AI systems are ethically designed and implemented, respecting cultural contexts and upholding patient dignity. This study contributes to the ongoing discourse on ethical AI integration in healthcare, indicating the need for careful consideration of ethical principles to ensure that AI enhances rather than undermines the compassionate care at the heart of palliative care. These findings serve as a foundation for future research and policy development in this emerging field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atypical presentation of autoimmune encephalitis in a pediatric patient: Diagnostic delays and treatment responses","authors":"Ameer Awashra ,&nbsp;Fathi Milhem ,&nbsp;Amr Khaled ,&nbsp;Roaa Hamshari ,&nbsp;Noor Nabresi ,&nbsp;Ola Ahmad ,&nbsp;Asad Rabee","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a rapidly progressing inflammatory brain disease often characterized by psychiatric symptoms, seizures, and cognitive impairments. This case involves a 13-year-old female who initially presented with a persistent, severe unilateral headache unresponsive to standard treatments. Despite normal imaging and neurological exams, her symptoms escalated to include neuropsychiatric issues, eventually leading to the diagnosis of AE, confirmed through the presence of NMDA receptor antibodies. Treatment with immunomodulatory therapies, including intravenous methylprednisolone and plasmapheresis, resulted in significant clinical improvement over several months. The case highlights the complexities and challenges in diagnosing AE, especially in instances where imaging findings are unremarkable or the presentation is atypical, resulting in multiple misdiagnoses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of melatonin on oral health: Current insights and future research directions","authors":"Tasneem Alomari,&nbsp;Omar Alomari ,&nbsp;Russel J. Reiter","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Melatonin, traditionally known for its role in sleep regulation, is emerging as a significant therapeutic agent in dental practice due to its antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Present in saliva and locally secreted in the oral cavity, melatonin can protect gingival and periodontal tissues by reducing inflammation and oxidative damage. Additionally, it influences enamel maturation and has implications for systemic conditions such as diabetes, highlighting its relevance in dentistry. We propose integrating melatonin into oral healthcare practices by assessing patients' melatonin use, particularly those with inflammatory or systemic conditions, and recommending melatonin-based treatments like sublingual tablets or topical gels to enhance periodontal treatment, promote tissue repair, and reduce oral mucosal lesions. Public health initiatives should raise awareness of melatonin's preventive potential for high-risk populations, and policy frameworks should consider these findings in oral health guidelines. Rigorous clinical studies are essential to establish a solid empirical foundation for melatonin's protective effects on oral health outcomes, necessitating standardized clinical research to validate these preliminary findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in the cytological diagnosis of nodular fasciitis","authors":"Durre Aden,&nbsp;Nehal Ahmad,&nbsp;Sabina Khan,&nbsp;Rubeena Mohroo","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nodular fasciitis (NF) is a self-limiting neoplasm found in the upper extremities, trunk, head, and neck. NF occurring in the tragus is extremely rare. Its rapid growth and hypercellularity on cytology can mimic malignancy causing diagnostic challenges. Here we present a case of a 39-year-old female presented with a rapidly growing 2×2 cm firm swelling on the right tragus. FNAC showed a cellular lesion with fibroblast-like spindle cells and myofibroblasts in a myxoid background with occasional multinucleated cells, suggesting a benign mesenchymal lesion, likely NF. Surgical excision was performed and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis. The exact aetiology is not known. However, NF is associated with recurrent MYH9:USP6 gene fusions. FNAC smears show hypercellularity with spindle cells, myxoid background, and occasional nuclear overlapping, often leading to confusion with sarcoma.FNAC is a simple, cheaper and minimally invasive diagnostic modality which helps in the diagnosis yet its variable and nonspecific cytomorphologic features at times can lead to misdiagnosis. This case report highlights the diagnostic challenges associated with NF, particularly due to its unusual location in the tragus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of social media influencers on health behaviors in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Najim Z. Alshahrani","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the digital age, social media influencers (SMIs) have emerged as a significant force in altering public attitudes and behaviors, notably in the health sector. While SMIs can provide useful insights on crucial health issues such as diet and mental health, they also raise concerns about their varying levels of health competence and potential commercial biases. This dichotomy poses a challenge: can SMIs effectively contribute to better health outcomes, or do they risk encouraging harmful behavior? This letter investigates this dynamic by synthesizing findings from three cross-sectional studies undertaken in Saudi Arabia, with the goal of providing policymakers with actionable insights on how to improve public health while navigating the inherent risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}