The rising threat of counterfeit GLP-1 receptor agonists: Implications for public health

The rising demand for GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), effective treatments for type 2 diabetes and obesity, has inadvertently led to a proliferation of counterfeit versions. This letter to the editor highlights the significant public health challenges posed by counterfeit GLP-1RAs, including severe risks to patient safety, economic impacts, and the erosion of public trust in the healthcare system. Counterfeit GLP-1RAs often contain incorrect dosages, harmful ingredients, or entirely lack the active ingredients, leading to ineffective treatment and potentially life-threatening complications such as hyperglycemia and cardiovascular issues. The economic burden of counterfeit drugs is also considerable, with healthcare systems incurring substantial costs in managing complications from these illegitimate medications, including hospitalizations and increased surveillance efforts. The drivers of this counterfeit drug problem include regulatory gaps, inadequate enforcement, and the expanding market demand due to rising rates of diabetes and obesity. In conclusion, the proliferation of counterfeit GLP-1RAs represents a critical threat to global health, underscoring the need for comprehensive measures to safeguard the integrity of the pharmaceutical supply chain and ensure patient safety. Addressing this issue requires a multifaceted approach that integrates regulatory oversight, technological innovation, and public education to mitigate the risks posed by counterfeit drugs and restore public trust in the healthcare system.