Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Lemierre’s syndrome: A clinician's dilemma – A case report","authors":"Usamah Al-Anbagi ,&nbsp;Mohamed I. Abdelrahim ,&nbsp;Mohamad G. Safieh ,&nbsp;Aya M. Abdelgadir ,&nbsp;Rania F. Eisa ,&nbsp;Claret C. Isabirye ,&nbsp;Abdulqadir J. Nashwan","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lemierre's syndrome (LS) is a life-threatening, rare condition that starts with an oropharyngeal infection leading to internal jugular vein septic thrombophlebitis and potentially severe systemic complications, highlighting the need for prompt recognition and treatment by healthcare professionals. We present a case of LS in a 37-year-old male who initially presented with a sore throat, cough, and high-grade fever. A diagnostic workup revealed a positive blood culture with Fusobacterium necrophorum, and an ultrasound examination demonstrated internal jugular vein thrombophlebitis, confirming the diagnosis of LS. Treatment commenced with oral antibiotics planned for 6 weeks, alongside oral anticoagulation scheduled for 12 weeks. Our case underscores the need for vigilance and multidisciplinary collaboration in managing LS, highlighting the importance of prompt recognition, targeted therapies, and ongoing research to optimize outcomes and enhance diagnosis and management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X24000690/pdfft?md5=09209737c536904b80fc4643f51e5c5c&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X24000690-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141244343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between severe periodontitis and sleep quality: Results from the NHANES, 2009–2014","authors":"Yilin Bao ,&nbsp;Luying Qin ,&nbsp;Mengxuan Hao ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Jiang ,&nbsp;Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Rui Pu","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Periodontitis has a high global prevalence, and sleep may impact both the occurrence and the severity of the condition. With an emphasis on sex disparities, this study examined the association between sleep and severe periodontitis in a population sample that was representative of the United States. This study used a sample of 5495 people from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and conducted univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses before and after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, poverty-income ratio (PIR), body mass index (BMI), smoking status, and diabetes mellitus (DM) status. Furthermore, this study included a stratified sex-based analysis to investigate potential sex differences between severe periodontitis and sleep. The results are presented with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). The results of multivariate logistic regression revealed a significant association between the recommended sleep duration each night (seven to nine hours) and the prevalence of severe periodontitis in women (OR_ad = 0.68, <em>p</em> = 0.003). Furthermore, in women, urinating twice or three times per night was significantly associated with severe periodontitis (OR_ad = 1.44, <em>p</em> = 0.011), whereas the association was more significant in women who urinated at least four times per night (OR_ad = 1.68, <em>p</em> = 0.035). In men, these associations were not observed. There was no significant association between poor sleep quality and severe periodontitis, but the association differed by sex. Severe periodontitis in women was found to be significantly associated with poor sleep quality, but not in men.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X24000677/pdfft?md5=577f9ecbe18e26924edae74acb975c79&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X24000677-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141078635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis of artificial intelligence adoption in nursing care","authors":"Moustaq Karim Khan Rony ,&nbsp;Khadiza Akter ,&nbsp;Mitun Debnath ,&nbsp;Md Moshiur Rahman ,&nbsp;Fateha tuj Johra ,&nbsp;Fazila Akter ,&nbsp;Dipak Chandra Das ,&nbsp;Sujit Mondal ,&nbsp;Mousumi Das ,&nbsp;Muhammad Join Uddin ,&nbsp;Mst Rina Parvin","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The primary objective of this commentary was to identify the strengths and weaknesses of AI technologies, uncover opportunities for improvement, and recognize potential threats that could impede their successful implementation in nursing care. This commentary involved constructing a SWOT matrix to analyze AI adoption, identifying internal strengths and weaknesses, and external opportunities and threats. The analysis revealed several strengths of AI adoption in nursing care, including enhanced data analysis capabilities, improved patient monitoring, and increased efficiency in routine tasks. However, weaknesses such as the high initial costs of implementation and concerns about data security were identified. Opportunities included the potential for AI to reduce healthcare costs and improve patient outcomes. Nonetheless, threats such as resistance to technological change and ethical dilemmas related to AI decision-making processes were recognized as potential barriers to successful adoption. This article sheds light on the intricate landscape of AI adoption in nursing care. While AI brings forth substantial strengths, it simultaneously poses challenges that healthcare systems should confront. To fully harness AI's potential, healthcare organizations should thoughtfully deliberate on the identified weaknesses and threats, actively seeking avenues for seamless integration. In this concerted effort, the healthcare industry is poised to unlock the transformative capabilities of AI, elevating nursing care standards, and ultimately, advancing patient outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X24000665/pdfft?md5=b91ca8fb553413100fc3c9404ecc0320&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X24000665-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140951003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in simultaneous alcohol and marijuana use among US adult recent drinkers: Differences by sexual identity, 2015–2020","authors":"R. Andrew Yockey ,&nbsp;Rachel A. Hoopsick ,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Brown ,&nbsp;Phillip W. Schnarrs","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) use has become increasingly prevalent among young adult populations. Moreover, lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations are at increased risk for substance use initiation. To date, little research has examined trends in SAM use by sexual identity. This study aimed to investigate trends in SAM use among recent drinkers using nationally representative data. Pooled data from the 2015–2019 and 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) were examined among 120,061 individuals (5.75% LGB) 18 years or older who reported using alcohol in the past month. Given the methodological changes in the study design, we analyzed these waves separately. Covariates included age, race, biological sex, sexual identity, rurality, and past month use of tobacco. Weighted logistic regression models and trend analyses were conducted. An estimated 11,952 of the sample reported using marijuana during their last episode of drinking. A significant linear trend (b = 0.12) of increasing SAM use among recent drinkers from 2015 to 2019. When compared to heterosexual individuals, lesbian or gay (aPR: 1.44, 95% CI 1.26, 1.63) and bisexual (aPR: 1.92, 95% CI 1.77, 2.09) individuals were more likely to report SAM use. Among the entire sample, females had a lower risk of SAM use than males (aPR: 0.68, 95% CI 0.65, 0.72). For 2020, a total of 25,679 adults 18 years or older participated in the survey, with 2622 identifying as LGB and 54.1% reporting past month alcohol use. An estimated 1503 individuals reported SAM use. Consistent with our findings, of those reporting past month alcohol use, LGB populations were at higher risk for SAM use, with gay individuals (aPR: 1.59, 95% CI 1.11, 2.30) at increased risk and bisexual individuals having higher risk (aPR: 2.12, 95% CI 1.73, 2.60). SAM use among individuals presents several critical health concerns, especially for at-risk populations. Findings from the present study can inform tailored interventions to reduce minority stress and stigmatized identities are needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X24000653/pdfft?md5=2c35edba496add8057537ce47201ab14&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X24000653-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140894526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of depression with widowhood, loneliness, and social non-participation among older women in India","authors":"Priya Das ,&nbsp;Subhadeep Saha ,&nbsp;Tanu Das ,&nbsp;Partha Das ,&nbsp;Tamal Basu Roy","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Widowhood is a disastrous incident occurring at any stage of life for surviving oneself particularly the older women having critical reflexes on their physical, emotional and as well as socio-economic well-bring. Living alone and being cornered to home may also have serious repercussions on psychological health conditions of geriatric population, a public health concern in recent times.The main essence of this present study was to investigate the impact of widowhood, loneliness and social non-participation on older women depression in Indian context.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data for the present study were obtained from the first wave of the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI), conducted during 2017–2018. A total of 15,559 older adult women were availed for this present study. Descriptive analyses, association studies and finally multinominal logistic regression analyses were performed to fulfill the study objectives.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>Currently, 5 % of total study participant’s suffered from depression for most of the times. Findings suggested that widowhood is a catastrophic event giving rise to depression for most of the old women in their later life. With this, living alone in old age period also had a great impact on the prevalence of depression. Preponderance of older women depression is also found among those, not getting involved any social events.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study suggested that to reduce the prevalence of older women depression, targeted interventions in the form of psychological counseling, screening services and community involvement are very much needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X24000641/pdfft?md5=de99b041a082d44c41ca39f9bec995fe&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X24000641-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140900871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with underweight and overweight prevalence among children in Bangladesh","authors":"Sorif Hossain ,&nbsp;Tonmoy Alam Shuvo,&nbsp;Nahid Mia","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Bangladesh is not excluded from the global issue of children being underweight or overweight. This study examined the relationship between underweight, overweight, and sociodemographic variables in children.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2019 were used for this study. We employed chi-square and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests to identify significant variables. Subsequently, we fitted a multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model and reported odds ratios (OR), confidence intervals (CI), and p-values. STATA version 17 was used for analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The sample size for our study consisted of 10,875 Bangladeshi children under five years of age. From a total of 10,875 children, 20.57% were underweight and 6.80% were overweight. Data were available for 8858 rural and 2017 urban under-five children. The prevalence of underweight was greatly influenced by age, and in rural regions, it consistently increased from 12 months to 59 months. Male children were more likely to be overweight and underweight than female children. Children in the Sylhet division were likelier to be underweight and overweight. Educated mothers reduce the risk of underweight children in urban and rural areas. The richest family children were more likely to be overweight in urban areas. In rural areas, children born with a smaller size were more likely to become underweight and less likely to become overweight.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our research revealed that the poorest sociodemographic category, the Sylhet division, small newborns, and illiterate mothers were the most vulnerable to child weight problems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X2400063X/pdfft?md5=f33639a310244245d4809ca567846a8a&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X2400063X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140823724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements and applications of Artificial Intelligence in cardiology: Current trends and future prospects","authors":"David B. Olawade ,&nbsp;Nicholas Aderinto ,&nbsp;Gbolahan Olatunji ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Kokori ,&nbsp;Aanuoluwapo C. David-Olawade ,&nbsp;Manizha Hadi","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using Artificial intelligence technologies in cardiology has witnessed rapid advancements across various domains, fostering innovation and reshaping clinical practices. The study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of these AI-driven advancements and their implications for enhancing cardiovascular healthcare. A systematic approach was adopted to conduct an extensive review of scholarly articles and peer-reviewed literature focusing on the application of AI in cardiology. Databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, IEEE Xplore, and Web of Science were systematically searched. Articles were screened following a defined selection criteria. These articles' synthesis highlighted AI's diverse applications in cardiology, including but not limited to diagnostic innovations, precision medicine, remote monitoring technologies, drug discovery, and clinical decision support systems. The review shows the significant role of AI in reshaping cardiovascular medicine by revolutionising diagnostics, treatment strategies, and patient care. The diverse applications of AI in cardiology showcased in this study reflect the transformative potential of these technologies. However, challenges such as algorithm accuracy, interoperability, and integration into clinical workflows persist. AI's continued advancements and strategic integration in cardiology promise to deliver more personalised, efficient, and effective cardiovascular care, ultimately improving patient outcomes and shaping the future of cardiology practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X24000628/pdfft?md5=184f41c4f0dab02bddbde10d75e331be&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X24000628-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140768471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pocket money and the risk of dental caries and oral pain in children","authors":"Margaret Trimble ,&nbsp;Sita Manasa Susarla ,&nbsp;Claudia Campos ,&nbsp;Bathsheba Turton ,&nbsp;Karen Sokal-Gutierrez","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Tooth decay affects 40–90 % of children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), contributing to adverse consequences, including oral pain, difficulty focusing in school, lifelong dental problems, and overall lower quality of life. Few studies have examined the relationship between pocket money given to children, their purchase of sugary snacks and drinks with that money, and the risk for tooth decay.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This secondary cross-sectional analysis utilized data which were collected in 2014 as part of an oral health promotion program in rural El Salvador. A convenience sample of 279 children and their mothers who participated in the program were recruited to complete an interview with trained community health workers, and children received a dental examination from trained and licensed Salvadoran and U.S. dentists. Only children with teeth (primary, mixed, or permanent dentition) were included in this analysis; as such, children ranged in age from 6 months through 14 years. Descriptive, multivariate logistic regression, and Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial analyses were used to identify associations between pocket money given to children and three oral health outcomes: number of decayed, missing/extracted due to decay, and filled teeth (dmft for primary teeth and DMFT for permanent teeth); presence of deep decay; and occurrence of oral pain.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Overall, almost two-thirds of children received daily pocket money with which over 70 % purchased unhealthy snacks/drinks; 83 % of children had tooth decay, with a mean dmft/DMFT of 6.0. After adjusting for covariates, receiving pocket money was associated with 0.18 (95 % CI: 0.05–0.54) times the odds of having zero-dmft/DMFT (i.e., being cavity-free) (<em>p</em> = 0.002). Among children with at least one decayed tooth, receiving pocket money was associated with 1.22 (95 % CI: 1.01–1.53) times the expected dmft/DMFT count (<em>p</em> = 0.04), 3.39 (95 % CI: 1.59–7.22) times the odds of deep decay (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), and 2.66 (95 % CI: 1.24–5.70) times the odds of oral pain (<em>p</em> = 0.007) compared to children who did not receive pocket money.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Interventions to reduce the prevalence and severity of tooth decay should include nutrition and oral health education for children and families—including addressing pocket money and healthy vs. unhealthy purchases—in schools, communities, and primary health clinics; school programs to provide healthy foods and beverages for children; and enforcement of policies to prohibit the sale of ultra-processed foods and sugary drinks in and around schools.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X24000598/pdfft?md5=f6e498f69b76d3eae16bd408c2753775&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X24000598-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140650033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing mental health with Artificial Intelligence: Current trends and future prospects","authors":"David B. Olawade ,&nbsp;Ojima Z. Wada ,&nbsp;Aderonke Odetayo ,&nbsp;Aanuoluwapo Clement David-Olawade ,&nbsp;Fiyinfoluwa Asaolu ,&nbsp;Judith Eberhardt","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in various fields, and its application in mental healthcare is no exception. Hence, this review explores the integration of AI into mental healthcare, elucidating current trends, ethical considerations, and future directions in this dynamic field. This review encompassed recent studies, examples of AI applications, and ethical considerations shaping the field. Additionally, regulatory frameworks and trends in research and development were analyzed. We comprehensively searched four databases (PubMed, IEEE Xplore, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar). The inclusion criteria were papers published in peer-reviewed journals, conference proceedings, or reputable online databases, papers that specifically focus on the application of AI in the field of mental healthcare, and review papers that offer a comprehensive overview, analysis, or integration of existing literature published in the English language. Current trends reveal AI's transformative potential, with applications such as the early detection of mental health disorders, personalized treatment plans, and AI-driven virtual therapists. However, these advancements are accompanied by ethical challenges concerning privacy, bias mitigation, and the preservation of the human element in therapy. Future directions emphasize the need for clear regulatory frameworks, transparent validation of AI models, and continuous research and development efforts. Integrating AI into mental healthcare and mental health therapy represents a promising frontier in healthcare. While AI holds the potential to revolutionize mental healthcare, responsible and ethical implementation is essential. By addressing current challenges and shaping future directions thoughtfully, we may effectively utilize the potential of AI to enhance the accessibility, efficacy, and ethicality of mental healthcare, thereby helping both individuals and communities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100099"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X24000525/pdfft?md5=0c54ac141de2ae06febf31119e21a63a&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X24000525-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140633158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging challenges in innate immunity: Staphylococcus aureus and healthcare-associated infection","authors":"Muhammadul-Awwal Irodatullah Bisola ,&nbsp;Gbolahan Olatunji ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Kokori ,&nbsp;Abdulhafeez Ayodele Mustapha ,&nbsp;Godfred Yawson Scott ,&nbsp;Ikponmwosa Jude Ogieuh ,&nbsp;Nathnael Abera Woldehana ,&nbsp;Anthony Chidera Stanley ,&nbsp;Oyakhire Aizenosa Olohita ,&nbsp;Ayedun Samuel Abiola ,&nbsp;David B. Olawade ,&nbsp;Nicholas Aderinto","doi":"10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, a prominent human pathogen, exhibits a remarkable ability to interact with host proteins involved in crucial physiological pathways, such as the complement system, coagulation cascade, and fibrinolysis cascade. This paper explores the ability of this notable bacteria to successfully manipulate and evade the host innate system, expatiating on the strategies that enhance its pathogenicity leading to implications on the healthcare system such as the propagation of diverse nosocomial infections. The investigation focuses on key <em>S. aureus</em> proteins, including Coagulase (Coa), von Willebrand factor-binding protein (vWbp), and Staphylokinase (SAK), which play pivotal roles in blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, and evasion of host antibacterial peptides. Notably, these proteins contribute to the formation of fibrin networks, protecting the bacterium from immune clearance and promoting lethal bloodstream infections in murine models. Additionally, the debate surrounding the role of SAK as a critical virulence factor is addressed, emphasizing its impact on biofilm formation, invasion of internal organs, and bacterial loads in sepsis studies. Furthermore, the interaction of <em>S. aureus</em> with matrix metalloproteinases and the secretion of superantigen-like proteins (SSL1 and SSL5) are explored as additional mechanisms employed by the bacterium to impede immune responses. In addressing emerging challenges in innate immunity, the paper discusses the escalating antibiotic resistance in <em>S. aureus</em>, with a specific focus on methicillin-resistant strains (MRSA) and its capacity to instigate healthcare-associated infections as an effect.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100804,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949916X24000562/pdfft?md5=23f5af09802245fd89a0f216a903c25b&pid=1-s2.0-S2949916X24000562-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140644907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}