INCOSE International Symposium最新文献

{"title":"A Rapid Review of How Model-based Systems Engineering is Used in Healthcare Systems","authors":"Md Doulotuzzaman Xames,&nbsp;Taylan G. Topcu","doi":"10.1002/iis2.13218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iis2.13218","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents the results from rapid review of how model-based systems engineering (MBSE) is utilized in healthcare systems (HSs). We conduct a review of the last twelve years and find that MBSE adoption in HSs is accelerating, with use of various MBSE languages and tools, as well as their integration with other simulation and modeling techniques. We find that similar to engineered systems, the most common MBSE language is systems modeling language (SysML), followed by unified modeling language (UML) and others. Additionally, we observe that MBSE methods are frequently used in conjunction with other analytical techniques, such as simulation and co-simulations, to analyze and enhance various HS operations, or to assist with making tradeoffs between HS attributes such as quality and cost. Moreover, we provide a non-exhaustive classification of current research based on two dimensions: healthcare applications and MBSE use cases. Notably, MBSE is being implemented generally with patient-centric objectives in various HS domains, including IoT-enabled smart healthcare, clinical medicine, medical device development, healthcare process enhancement, and healthcare facilities management. While the primary MBSE use case involves modeling different aspects of healthcare operations, there is a significant number of studies that pursue requirements engineering, systems analysis, integration, verification and validation, as well as risk analysis and management. Furthermore, we identify two promising research gaps. First, there is a need for the integration of MBSE with state-of-the-art data-driven analytical methodologies such as hybrid simulation and artificial intelligence techniques. Second, HSs could greatly benefit from representing the cognitive functions and processes of human decision-makers in the loop, such as healthcare providers (e.g., doctors and nurses), who are instrumental in sustaining the HS performance and functionality. We contend that MBSE and other SE methods and techniques could improve HSs design, operations, and management; while fostering resilience and long-term sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":100663,"journal":{"name":"INCOSE International Symposium","volume":"34 1","pages":"1447-1462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142165440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergizing Structure and Agility: A Comprehensive Analysis of SAFe Agile Framework through the Lens of Stafford Beer's Viable System Model","authors":"Juan M. Cadena,&nbsp;C. Robert Kenley","doi":"10.1002/iis2.13207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iis2.13207","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents a novel examination of the SAFe® (Scaled Agile Framework®) through the theoretical framework of Stafford Beer's Viable System Model (VSM). By applying the principles of VSM, renowned for its systemic and cybernetic approach to organizational management, we offer a unique perspective on the structural and functional aspects of SAFe® in its various configurations: Essential, Large Solution, Portfolio, and Full. The study employs functional modeling to delineate the congruencies and divergences between VSM and SAFe®, aiming to illuminate how VSM's systemic insights can enhance the implementation and efficacy of SAFe® practices. This interdisciplinary approach not only contributes to a deeper understanding of SAFe's® capabilities and limitations but also demonstrates the practical applicability of VSM in contemporary agile environments. The findings propose actionable insights for organizations seeking to optimize their agile practices through a more structured, systemic lens, thus bridging a crucial gap in agile and systems thinking literature. This paper is poised to benefit practitioners and theorists alike, offering a fresh perspective in the agile systems domain.</p>","PeriodicalId":100663,"journal":{"name":"INCOSE International Symposium","volume":"34 1","pages":"1249-1273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142165570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards UAF Implementation in SysML V2","authors":"Aurelijus Morkevicius,&nbsp;Gintare Krisciuniene","doi":"10.1002/iis2.13258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iis2.13258","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The ongoing transformation in the industry from a document-based systems engineering to a model-based systems engineering approach reveals gaps in existing modeling standards. Evolution of standards is inevitable. A de facto standard modeling language, SysML (Systems Modeling Language), is undergoing a major transformation in its evolution, with the introduction of SysML version 2, which is a complete redesign of the language architecture. With the major update of SysML, all related standards need to be redesigned. The Unified Architecture Framework (UAF) is not an exception. UAF version 2 is a future version of the standard to be based on SysML V2. Currently, the development of UAF based on SysML V2 is in the very early stages, and various organizations involved in its development are independently researching the way forward. This paper describes one of the research projects to test the feasibility of SysML V2 to address UAF community needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":100663,"journal":{"name":"INCOSE International Symposium","volume":"34 1","pages":"2110-2123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142165306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design Basis Model for Hosting Small Modular Reactors","authors":"Ron Claghorn","doi":"10.1002/iis2.13181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iis2.13181","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To provide energy security and head off further increases in global temperatures, an aggressive transition from fossil fuels to other types of energy implies the need to possibly construct hundreds of nuclear power plants in the near future. However, the real and perceived risks of nuclear energy remain a significant impediment to that transition.</p><p>This paper describes a comprehensive work process that combines the rigor of model-based systems engineering (MBSE) with 1) the Idaho National Laboratory's (INL) decades of experience with small reactors and with 2) modern project delivery processes. The objective is to reduce the risks of building new facilities or converting existing facilities to nuclear power generation.</p>","PeriodicalId":100663,"journal":{"name":"INCOSE International Symposium","volume":"34 1","pages":"849-863"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142165267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Executable SysML Capabilities to Integrate and Operate Hardware in the Loop","authors":"Alexander Yeiser,&nbsp;Saulius Pavalkis,&nbsp;Oleg Yakimenko","doi":"10.1002/iis2.13282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iis2.13282","url":null,"abstract":"<p>These days, systems engineers use advanced software tools and standardized modeling methods to break down complex systems into simpler, less complicated parts that are easier to understand. This includes CATIA Magic that allows for systems architecture, as well as more in-depth Systems Modeling Language (SysML) modeling and simulation. The goal of this paper is to explore the capabilities of SysML to model and control hardware in the loop (HIL). The model of a weapon system was created using several different diagrams commonly used in SysML. When these diagrams are used together with the CATIA Magic simulation toolkit (Magic Model Analyzer), they can be made executable and used for simulation purposes. While CATIA Magic was selected to provide a digital model of the weapon system, a LEGO Mindstorms EV3 development kit was selected to create a mockup of a physical system. The CATIA Magic model reacts to the inputs received from the LEGO sensors and sends control signals to motors built into the LEGO model. In general, the integration between the LEGO Mindstorms and CATIA Magic can be done successfully, however, this study revealed certain limitations pertinent to the current capability of CATIA Magic to make connections between the SysML model and LEGO hardware. While these limitations did not allow for a full integration and in-depth testing of the created dynamic model, as intended, the paper presents the current state of the project discussing what is involved in integrating CATIA Magic and LEGO Mindstorms kits and what functionality could be achieved by doing this. The paper pursues both the educational aspect that allows a deeper exploration of the modern system modeling tools, and the practical aspect, showing how a SysML model can be integrated with HIL to provide opportunities to better understand the design space at earlier stages of system development.</p>","PeriodicalId":100663,"journal":{"name":"INCOSE International Symposium","volume":"34 1","pages":"2489-2508"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142165274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural Differences in the Professional Competencies and Their Implications for Systems Engineers","authors":"Heidi Ann Hahn","doi":"10.1002/iis2.13215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iis2.13215","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Since 2018, the International Council on Systems Engineering has promulgated a set of competencies for systems engineers. It is organized in a framework structure that describes the knowledge, skills, abilities, and behaviors that are important to systems engineering effectiveness. There are five “levels” of competence, that span from awareness to expert. The five categories of competencies are Professional, Core, Technical, SE Management, and Integrating. This paper focuses on culturally-based characteristics of systems engineers relative to the Professional Competencies. It includes a discussion of culturally-based research and conclusions regarding their implications for how to use them in selecting systems engineers, forming and developing systems teams, and making design decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":100663,"journal":{"name":"INCOSE International Symposium","volume":"34 1","pages":"1398-1412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142165401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Logical Architecture Optimization via a Markov chain based Hierarchical Clustering Method","authors":"Beatrice Melani,&nbsp;Davide Fabbroni,&nbsp;Lucrezia Manieri,&nbsp;Alessandro Falsone,&nbsp;Maria Prandini","doi":"10.1002/iis2.13261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iis2.13261","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Due to the growing complexity of engineering systems, optimization of logical architectures is becoming fundamental in the economy of the Systems Engineering process. Clusters of functions that are highly interacting with each other should be identified, while minimizing dependencies across the resulting modules. To this purpose, one can consider the Design Structure Matrix (DSM) describing relation between functions and permute its rows and columns to recover a block-diagonal structure with single or double border, with blocks corresponding to clusters of functions and borders to bus-like elements. This paper proposes a method to achieve this by partitioning the nodes of an undirected graph representation of the DSM. More precisely, starting from the DSM structure, a Markov chain is introduced by associating probabilities to transitions between nodes, which are then clustered based on the similarity among the probability distributions originating from them using a hierarchical clustering scheme. Interestingly, the method does not require any prior knowledge of system structure (e.g. the number of clusters), and it is computationally less demanding than competing algorithms.</p>","PeriodicalId":100663,"journal":{"name":"INCOSE International Symposium","volume":"34 1","pages":"2154-2167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142165420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting Neurodiversity Through MBSE and Other Technical Approaches","authors":"Taylor Duffy,&nbsp;Maria Romero","doi":"10.1002/iis2.13147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iis2.13147","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Systems Engineering (SE) industry employs many people from the neurotypical and neurodivergent communities. This research presents different concepts and potential methods/tools available to promote neurodiversity and the complex interactions between those who are categorized by it, as well as the various relevant institutions it challenges and responds to (psychiatry, education, industry, etc.). Neurodiversity will mean different things at different times. The challenge we face in the industry is finding ways to work on complex systems that include neurodiverse thinking into the overall solution. This paper will attempt to bridge this gap by looking into the meaning of neurodivergence, showing the different ways organizations within the SE industry assess a neurodiverse individual to perform work, and demonstrating how organizations can utilize tools and methodologies to offer more inclusion and reduce feeling invisible within the community. This paper will further explain how modelbased systems engineering (MBSE) and simulation could provide methods and visualizations necessary to provide a cross-neurotype communication and visualization methodology to convey both abstract and concrete solutions to complex problems in SE. By adopting a neurodiverse perspective, we can alter actual relations; from how we empathize with the neurodivergent community, to how we design adaptable systems that evolve and expand into new functionalities and services.</p>","PeriodicalId":100663,"journal":{"name":"INCOSE International Symposium","volume":"34 1","pages":"287-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142165540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing a Three-Layer Model Taxonomy to Facilitate System-of-Systems Co-Simulation","authors":"Dominik Vereno,&nbsp;Katharina Polanec,&nbsp;Jounes-Alexander Gross,&nbsp;Christoph Binder,&nbsp;Christian Neureiter","doi":"10.1002/iis2.13264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iis2.13264","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The growing demand for efficient, resilient, and sustainable electricity infrastructure has led to the emergence of smart grids as cyber-physical systems of systems. Co-simulation has proven an effective tool for their analysis and validation by coordinating independent subsystem simulations. However, the reuse and integration of diverse models in co-simulation poses challenges, requiring compatibility and integration efforts. In response, this paper proposes a model taxonomy with the purpose of facilitating co-simulation; it comprises three layers: concrete-instance models, abstract-instance models, and type models. The taxonomy contributes to the creation of independently developed models that can be seamlessly integrated into a coupled co-simulation. Furthermore, it reflects the emergence of digital twins in smart grid engineering by the explicit distinction of abstract and concrete instances. The three-layer taxonomy was derived and validated through a case study on co-simulation of electric-vehicle charging infrastructure. The research further analyzes and formalizes three modeling-and-simulation challenges framed through the lens of the taxonomy: the integration of models across all three layers, the merging of layers, and the consolidation of instance models to craft joint co-simulation scenarios. Finally, three concrete recommendations for research and industrial practice are given. Thereby, the study contributes to the efficient and effective model-based validation of cyber-physical systems of systems using co-simulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":100663,"journal":{"name":"INCOSE International Symposium","volume":"34 1","pages":"2202-2216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142165307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes and Perspectives from the 4th ESA ModelBased Space Systems and Software Engineering Workshop (MBSE2023) on reducing the gap between model-based systems engineering and domain-specific approaches","authors":"Nikolena Christofi,&nbsp;Nils Fischer,&nbsp;Mohammad Chami,&nbsp;Akos Horvath,&nbsp;Andreas Jung,&nbsp;Marie De Roquemaurel,&nbsp;Pierre Dissaux,&nbsp;Catherine Morlet,&nbsp;Elaheh Maleki,&nbsp;Marcel Verhoef","doi":"10.1002/iis2.13259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/iis2.13259","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the context of its initiative to promote the adoption of model-based approaches in the development of present and upcoming missions, the European Space Agency (ESA) organised this year its annual workshop on Model-Based Space Systems and Software Engineering (MBSE2023) at its European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC) premises. The aim of this year's workshop was to investigate how the model-based systems engineering community could contribute to bridging the gap with domain-specific model-based approaches used in subsystem design. The World Café Method was used to facilitate the group discussions, the outcomes of which are summarized and presented in this paper.</p>","PeriodicalId":100663,"journal":{"name":"INCOSE International Symposium","volume":"34 1","pages":"2124-2139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142165418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}