Hybrid AdvancesPub Date : 2025-05-19DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100505
J.A. Ezihe , M. Abdulwahab , F.I. Ezema , O.K. Echendu
{"title":"Essential properties, growth methods, environmental impacts, and solar cell application of antimony triselenide thin films: A review","authors":"J.A. Ezihe , M. Abdulwahab , F.I. Ezema , O.K. Echendu","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>S</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> is a semiconductor material characterized by a high absorption coefficient, strong stability, non-toxicity, affordability, and abundant elemental resources. Recently, significant advancements have been made in the development of <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>S</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> material, particularly in applications such as solar cells, photodetectors, memory devices, and batteries. There have been concerted efforts aimed at enhancing the performance of these technologies. This review explores the diverse properties of <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>S</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> thin-film solar cell material, along with the benefits and challenges associated with its various preparation methods as well as its environmental impacts. The important aspects of <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>e</mi></mrow><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>, such as their optical properties, structure, manufacturing processes, and performance metrics, are examined in this work. Many techniques for producing superior <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>e</mi></mrow><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> thin films are explored, as well as how they affect the functionality of devices. The viability of <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>e</mi></mrow><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> for solar energy conversion is also examined through an analysis of its electronic band structure and optical absorption properties as well as its future perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100505"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Agro-waste to high-performance composites: Cow bone particles as renewable reinforcements for enhanced mechanical and fire safety","authors":"Md Mozammel Hossain Talukder, Md Shariful Islam, Md Arifuzzaman","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the utilization of fresh and carbonized cow bone particles as sustainable reinforcements in epoxy composites, addressing the environmental need for eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic fillers. Composites with 0–30 wt% particle loadings were fabricated and evaluated for mechanical (tensile, flexural, impact, hardness), water absorption, and flammability properties. Material characterization via SEM, FTIR, and XRD linked structural and chemical attributes to performance. Results demonstrated that carbonized particles, pyrolyzed at 450–500 °C, significantly enhanced tensile modulus (4.98 GPa) and flexural modulus (5.09 GPa) at 30 wt% loading due to improved interfacial adhesion from their porous morphology and polar surface groups. However, their brittleness reduced impact energy by 62 % at high loadings. Fresh particles retained moderate ductility (3.50 J impact energy at 20 wt%) but exhibited weaker interfaces due to collagen residues. Carbonized composites exhibited superior flame retardancy (burning rate: 12.6 mm/min) and 55 % lower water absorption (0.59 % vs. 1.31 % for fresh) owing to graphitic carbon's char-forming ability and reduced hydrophilicity. These findings position carbonized bone particles as multifunctional, sustainable reinforcements for structural applications requiring stiffness and fire resistance, such as automotive panels and marine components, while fresh particles offer a low-cost option for impact-resilient uses in non-critical environments. The study underscores the potential of repurposing agricultural waste into high-performance composites, advancing circular economy goals in material science.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100504"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hybrid AdvancesPub Date : 2025-05-13DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100502
Md Mahbub Morshed Haque, Suchinto Roy Dhrubo, Al-Fida Zubayer Pranto, Akash Ahmed, Md Miraj Arefin, Md Arifuzzaman, Md Shariful Islam
{"title":"Impact of process parameters and material selection on the mechanical performance of FDM 3D-Printed components","authors":"Md Mahbub Morshed Haque, Suchinto Roy Dhrubo, Al-Fida Zubayer Pranto, Akash Ahmed, Md Miraj Arefin, Md Arifuzzaman, Md Shariful Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) is a widely adopted additive manufacturing technique that constructs objects by sequentially depositing layers of thermoplastic filament. The mechanical performance of FDM-printed components is influenced by both material selection and process parameters, making their optimization crucial for achieving superior print quality and reliability. This study evaluates the mechanical properties of five materials, including conventional polylactic acid (PLA) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), alongside emerging alternatives: carbon fiber-reinforced PLA (PLA-CF), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), and carbon fiber-reinforced high-temperature nylon (PAHT-CF). Additionally, four key process parameters were varied, and their effects were analyzed using a Taguchi L9 orthogonal Design of Experiments (DOE) approach to minimize experimental runs. ANOVA analysis was employed to determine the statistical significance of process parameters on mechanical performance. Tensile, compressive, and flexural tests revealed that PAHT-CF exhibited superior strength in all categories, while nozzle diameter emerged as the most influential parameter. The fractographic analysis further clarified failure mechanisms, providing insights for optimizing material-process combinations in advanced FDM applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100502"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hybrid AdvancesPub Date : 2025-05-08DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100501
Kunal Manoj Gide , Clara Elise Tranchemontagne , Muhammad Zaryyab Sardar , Z. Shaghayegh Bagheri
{"title":"Precise fiber alignment in stereolithography (SLA) 3D printing of composite polymers","authors":"Kunal Manoj Gide , Clara Elise Tranchemontagne , Muhammad Zaryyab Sardar , Z. Shaghayegh Bagheri","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Additive manufacturing (AM) has advanced significantly, yet challenges remain in producing composites with tailored properties. Stereolithography (SLA), a high-resolution AM technique, struggles to achieve controlled fiber orientation in composite materials. This study addresses this limitation by integrating an in-house electromagnetic filler alignment system into a commercial SLA 3D printer. The system uses electromagnets to align reinforcing fillers at 0° and 90° during printing. Acrylic resin-cobalt powder composites were fabricated and analyzed using optical microscopy, tensile testing, micro-indentation, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Microscopy confirmed successful fiber alignment with the electromagnet system. Compared to the control (pure resin) and randomly oriented samples, the aligned composites exhibited lower stiffness but significantly enhanced ductility. Specifically, the strain at failure increased from 1.4 % in the control samples to 7.9 % and 6.8 % in the 0° (perpendicular to loading direction) and 90° (parallel to loading direction) aligned composites, respectively. This marked improvement in strain capacity indicates a clear transition to more ductile behavior, a trend further corroborated by SEM observations. This approach overcomes SLA limitations, enabling controlled filler alignment for enhanced mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. These advancements hold promise for customized manufacturing in aerospace, automotive, medical, and computing industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Base modified mesoporous silica adsorbent for heavy metal adsorption: Optimization of adsorption efficiency with machine learning algorithms","authors":"Shital Tank , Madhu Pandey , Jagat Jyoti Rath , Mahuya Bandyopadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a thoroughly characterized amine-modified mesoporous silica adsorbent was synthesized and used for the extraction of toxic metals such as Ce(III), Hg(II), and Cu(II). The adsorption efficiency was evaluated by optimizing adsorbent dosage, adsorption time, pH, and NaCl concentration. The highest adsorption efficiencies achieved by the amine-modified material were 98% for Hg(II), 97% for Ce(III), and 90% for Cu(II) within 180 min of experimental time. The prepared hybrid materials demonstrated effective adsorption efficiencies for heavy metals. Accurately predicting the adsorption efficiency of heavy metals is crucial for enhancing the efficiency of heavy metal removal techniques in environmental and industrial applications. The adsorption efficiencies of three heavy metals were predicted using a small dataset of 87 samples and fourteen different machine learning algorithms, including linear models, ensemble methods, and support vector machine. The prediction performance was evaluated using various metrics considering both nominal and derived features. SHAP analysis was employed to understand feature dependence and significance about prediction performance. A novel stacking regressor was developed that demonstrated superior performance compared to other methods, achieving a better fit and higher accuracy. Furthermore, our findings underscored the significance of time in optimizing adsorption processes, which was consistently reflected across all feature sets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100489"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hybrid AdvancesPub Date : 2025-04-28DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100493
Ismail A. Mahmoud , Abubakar D. Maiwada , Sagir Jibrin Kawu , Mahmud M. Jibril , Jamilu Usman , Abdullahi G. Usman , Sani I. Abba
{"title":"Multi-model environmental modelling of energy-exergy efficiency using GUI-based aided design tools integrated with dependency feature analysis","authors":"Ismail A. Mahmoud , Abubakar D. Maiwada , Sagir Jibrin Kawu , Mahmud M. Jibril , Jamilu Usman , Abdullahi G. Usman , Sani I. Abba","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research introduces a comprehensive multi-model framework for assessing energy-exergy (EE) efficiency, utilizing graphical user interface (GUI) based design tools in conjunction with linear-feature optimization techniques. The performance of several machine learning (ML) models, including the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), Nonlinear Auto Regressive with exogenous inputs (NARX), Backpropagation Feedforward Neural Network (BFNN), Extreme Learning Machine Network (ELMN), and Feedforward Neural Network (FFNN) was evaluated, utilizing key statistical metrics throughout both training and testing phases. The results reveal that the ANFIS-M2, NARX-M3, and FFNN-M1 models achieved exemplary training accuracy, attaining an R<sup>2</sup> value of 1.0, underscoring their capacity to capture intricate nonlinear relationships effectively. Notably, during the testing phase, the FFNN-M1 model sustained its perfect R<sup>2</sup>, while both ANFIS-M2 and NARX-M3 demonstrated robust predictive capabilities with R<sup>2</sup> values of 0.95. The BFNN and ELMN models also displayed commendable performance, yielding R<sup>2</sup> values between 0.75 and 0.97. In contrast, the ANFIS-M3 and BFNN-M3 models exhibited comparatively lower accuracy, recording R<sup>2</sup> values below 0.7 during testing. These findings underscore the efficacy of integrating GUI-based tools with linear-feature optimization for predicting exFergy efficiency. The study highlights the promising potential of FFNN and ANFIS models in enhancing the optimization of energy systems, thereby facilitating the development of more efficient computational frameworks for energy modeling applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100493"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143904228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hybrid AdvancesPub Date : 2025-04-25DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100492
Blasius Henry Ngayakamo
{"title":"Investigation of plastic-sand paving blocks: A sustainable solution using recycled plastic waste","authors":"Blasius Henry Ngayakamo","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the feasibility of using recycled plastic waste in the production of plastic-sand paving blocks as a sustainable construction material. Six mix ratios were formulated, varying the plastic waste content from 10 % to 60 % by weight. Physical and mechanical properties, including water absorption, bulk density, and compressive strength, were analyzed. The results indicate that water absorption decreases with higher plastic content, with PSP-R10 (10 % plastic, 90 % sand) exhibiting the highest absorption (8.6 %), while PSP-R60 (60 % plastic, 40 % sand) had the lowest (0.4 %), confirming the hydrophobic nature of plastic. Bulk density varied across the mixes, with the highest density recorded at 1070 kg/m<sup>3</sup> for PSP-R50, whereas PSP-R60 showed the lowest density (734 kg/m<sup>3</sup>) due to excessive plastic reducing compactness. Compressive strength peaked at 74.91 MPa for PSP-R40 (40 % plastic, 60 % sand), demonstrating an optimal balance between strength and flexibility. However, excessive plastic content reduced strength, with PSP-R60 dropping to 27.24 MPa. These findings highlight that a 40 % plastic-to-60 % sand ratio offers the best performance, making plastic-sand paving blocks a promising alternative to conventional materials, contributing to sustainable waste management and eco-friendly construction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100492"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vehicle bumper fascia prototyping using sustainable nanocomposites","authors":"Sefiu Adekunle Bello , Sodiq Olamide Olaitan , Mohammed Kayode Adebayo , Lateef Olayinka Akinwande , Funsho Olaitan Kolawole , Maruf Yinka Kolawole , Abdulmumuni Ariboh Suberu , Fawaz Afolami Arowoduye , Muhiz Akangbe , Roseline Ifeoluwa Michael , Timothy Adeyi","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eggshells and date seeds are wastes which contribute to land pollution. Their conversions to useful materials are important to save the environment from the health hazards associated with rotten eggshells and possible impacts from the date seed wastes. This study focuses on conversion of eggshells and date seeds into reinforcing particles for producing sustainable polymeric and metallic nanocomposites for prototyping a vehicle bumper fascia. Eggshell nanoparticles were incorporated into low-density polyethylene up to 12 wt%. Metallic nanocomposites were produced using Al–Cu–Mg sourced from aluminium alloy scraps and date seed particles and then, heat treated. The developed nanocomposites were analysed chemically, structurally, and mechanically. The structural integrity of the polymeric nanocomposites was confirmed by the scanning electron microscope. Enhancements in impact energy, tensile and flexural strengths at 12 wt% of eggshell nanoparticle additions to the very low-density polyethylene are 1.5, 110.4 and 47.7 %, respectively. 1 wt% date seed particle reinforced Al–Cu–Mg that has highest impact energy after annealing treatment is selected for the mould parts fabrication for forming the bumper fascia. Property comparison of the produced polymeric nanocomposites with those of existing bumper fascia materials affirms that the tensile strength and impact energy of the nanocomposite that contains 12 wt% eggshell nanoparticles are suitable for the automobile bumper fascia. Hence, fabrication of the bumper fascia using the VLDPE/12 wt% eggshell nanocomposite was fruitful.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100488"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hybrid AdvancesPub Date : 2025-04-19DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100487
Khurshid Ahmad , Rasheed Ahmad , Muhammad Faizan , Farah , Farhad Ali , Malik Muhammad Yousaf , Faraz Ali , Waqas Niaz , Tehsin Ullah Khan , Sajad Khan , Sajjad Ali , Ishfaq Ahmed , Hamza Hassan
{"title":"A review of nanotechnology in food industry with implication for viable outlook and safety issues","authors":"Khurshid Ahmad , Rasheed Ahmad , Muhammad Faizan , Farah , Farhad Ali , Malik Muhammad Yousaf , Faraz Ali , Waqas Niaz , Tehsin Ullah Khan , Sajad Khan , Sajjad Ali , Ishfaq Ahmed , Hamza Hassan","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The main goal of novel food packaging technologies beside maintaining food quality, product integrity, and consumer safety is to address environmental concerns. A promising approach to achieving this is the incorporation of eco-friendly nanomaterials in food packaging. Numerous studies have focused on enhancing nanomaterial-based food packaging properties to create optimal conditions for food preservation. This studies, focuses by the recent advancements in nanotechnology and its potential to overcome challenges in food packaging are briefly emphasized. This article summarizes the sources and functionality of food-related nanomaterials, categorizing them into organic and inorganic origins. The article also explores the potential benefits of using nanotechnology in food packaging, as well as the related safety concerns. <span>Furthermore</span>, the article highlights the recent advancement in nanotechnology for food industrial applications which is supported by a bibliometric analysis (2014–2024) using the PubMed database. Moreover, this study explores into the advancements and challenges of nano-scale materials in food packaging, emphasizing cutting-edge research and its transformative impact on the food industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100487"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hybrid AdvancesPub Date : 2025-04-16DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100491
Shiva S. , Vundrala Sumedha Reddy , Sharan Chandran M. , Ramesh Nachimuthu , Vishnu Vijay Kumar
{"title":"Durian rind-synthesized micron scale silver flakes-ecoflex composite coating for fomite defence","authors":"Shiva S. , Vundrala Sumedha Reddy , Sharan Chandran M. , Ramesh Nachimuthu , Vishnu Vijay Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100491","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The utilization of waste rinds from <em>durian fruit (Durio zibethinus</em>)for the green synthesis of micronic-scale silver flakes presents a novel approach to biosynthesis. Unlike conventional chemical methods for producing micron silver structures, this method harnesses pharmacologically active molecules present in durian waste to synthesise antibacterial silver flakes. The synthesized durian silver flakes exhibited significant antibacterial activity against MRSA 21455, MRSA ATCC 700699, and <em>E. coli</em> 25922, as evidenced by notable zones of inhibition and a 13-log reduction in the cell viability assay. The results hold promise in combating accelerating antibiotic resistance and hospital-acquired infections, particularly those caused by <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> by using silver flakes in material preparation. Furthermore, the composite prepared using Ecoflex has demonstrated its application as a coating and in the fabrication of antibacterial mobile phone cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100491"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}