Hybrid Advances最新文献

{"title":"Neuroprotective studies of Melatonin functionalized magnesium oxide nanoparticles","authors":"Joy Hoskeri H ,&nbsp;Arun Shettar K ,&nbsp;Bheemanagouda N. Patil ,&nbsp;Rajendra B. Pujar ,&nbsp;Pramod Bhasme","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Melatonin and magnesium nanoparticles exhibit diverse pharmacological properties. Trimethyltin and trimethyltin derived compounds both are toxic to neurons. The proposed research work is focus on synthesis on novel magnesium oxide nanoparticles conjugated with melatonin and evaluate its neuroprotective efficacy against trimethyltin induced neurotoxicity. Sol-gel method was used to fabricate Melatonin-MgO nanoparticles. Synthesized Melatonin-MgO particle were spectrally characterized. UV spectral analysis showed lambda max of Melatonin-MgO at 342 nm. Particle size analysis indicated that M − MgO nanoparticles have Z-average of 160.6 nm. Zeta potential estimation revealed that M − MgO exhibited Zeta potential of −0.1 mV. XRD analysis of M − MgO nanoparticles indicated that it has amorphous nature. SEM images revealed the agglomerated state of the particles. The cytotoxicity studies revealed that the IC₅₀ value of M − MgO against L929 mouse fibroblast cell line for 24 h treatment was found to be 77.02 μg/ml. The results of this investigation indicate that the Neuroprotective studies revealed that melatonin conjugated magnesium oxide was exhibited maximum neuroprotection rendering cell viability of 88.59 % at 30 μg/ml against trimethyltin induced neurointoxication in SK-N-SH cells. By utilizing the distinct neuroprotective properties of both substances, melatonin-functionalized magnesium oxide nanoparticles may provide a more efficient and focused method of treating oxidative stress and neuronal dysfunction in a range of neurological conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the eco-friendly contribution of cashew leaf ash in sustainable lateritic soil road pavement construction","authors":"K. Ishola","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Identifying suitable lateritic soil (LS) for road pavement construction in high clay content regions is challenging and requires improvement for effective use. This study assessed the eco-friendly use of cashew leaf ash (CLA) to enhance LS for sustainable road construction. CLA was added in concentrations of 0 %, 2 %, 4 %, 6 %, 8 %, and 10 % by weight of the dry soil. Various tests, including Atterberg limits (liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index and linear shrinkage), compaction characteristics, California Bearing Ratio (CBR), and unconfined compressive strength (UCS), were conducted on both untreated and CLA-stabilized soil. Results showed that increasing CLA content reduced the Atterberg limits up to 4 % CLA content. The optimal compaction characteristics were observed at 6 % CLA content. At this concentration, the CBR values significantly improved, though they remained below the 80 % and 180 % thresholds required for base materials and cement-stabilized materials, respectively. UCS values also improved with 6 % CLA at various curing periods but did not satisfy the 1710 kN/m² condition for acceptable soil stabilization and modification with OPC. However, the UCS values at 28 days were within the range suitable for sub-base use. Regression analysis indicated robust connections amid experimented and predicted strength indices. It is recommended to use lateritic soil treated with 6 % CLA and compacted at 28 days curing age for sub-base in flexible pavement construction. CLA can also be used as an additive in cement stabilization for low traffic road surfaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical insights into adsorption of CO with noble metal single atoms on flat and stepped MgO surfaces","authors":"Xiaoyi Meng ,&nbsp;Haixiong Shi ,&nbsp;Zhibin Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The adsorption properties of carbon monoxide (CO) on noble metal single atoms (Ir, Ru, Pt, Pd, Rh) supported by magnesium oxide (MgO) surfaces with varying morphologies were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This work examines CO adsorption on both flat and stepped MgO surfaces unveils the significant impact of support morphology on adsorption characteristics. The study delves into the enhanced adsorption energies and the altered interaction dynamics observed on stepped surfaces as opposed to flat ones, highlighting the influence of surface topology. Insights gained from the Integrated Crystal Orbital Hamilton Population (ICOHP), orbital interactions, and energy decomposition methods underscore the fundamental nature of adsorption actions, showing how surface structure affects adsorption efficiency. These findings not only enrich the understanding of metal-atom-mediated CO adsorption mechanisms but also suggest the potential to design more effective catalytic systems by exploiting surface morphology for environmental and energy applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100409"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143419627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the efficiency of microbe-assisted metal extraction: A review of bio-hydrometallurgical leaching techniques","authors":"Igwilo Christopher Nnaemeka ,&nbsp;Chime T. O ,&nbsp;Ude Callistus Nonso ,&nbsp;Onoh Maxwell Ikechukwu ,&nbsp;Agu Francis Anezichukwu ,&nbsp;Nnanwube A. Ikechukwu ,&nbsp;Omotioma M ,&nbsp;Enekwe Benedith Chukwudi ,&nbsp;Menechukwu Kosoluchi Chisom ,&nbsp;Ossai Tina Ifeanyichukwu ,&nbsp;Onyekwulu Scholastica Chinelo","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The retrieval of metals from ores as well as waste materials has become a critical concern in the modern era, driven by increasing demand and depleting natural resources. Bio-hydrometallurgical leaching, a microbiological method, has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional chemical extraction techniques. This review aims to examine the efficiency of microbe-assisted metal extraction through bio-hydrometallurgical leaching, focusing on the latest advancements and applications in this field. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of microorganisms to solubilize metals through the creation of organic acids, chelating substances, as well as redox reactions. Bio-hydrometallurgical leaching offers several advantages, including reduced environmental impact, lower operating costs, and enhanced metal recoveries. The review highlights the role of various microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea, and fungi, in metal extraction, as well as the factors influencing their activity, such as pH, temperature, and nutrient availability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smart nano-hybrid metal-organic frameworks: Revolutionizing advancements, applications, and challenges in biomedical therapeutics and diagnostics","authors":"Dilip Kumar Chandra ,&nbsp;Awanish Kumar,&nbsp;Chinmaya Mahapatra","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising materials with high surface areas, tuneable pore sizes, and unique porous structures, which make them ideal candidates for a wide range of biomedical applications, including catalysis, bioimaging, and drug delivery. Recent advancements in the functionalization of MOFs, achieved through pre- and post-synthetic modifications, have expanded their applicability, particularly through the integration of nanoparticles (NPs). These nano-hybrid MOFs, incorporating nanoparticles such as gold, silver, platinum, copper, and iron, exhibit enhanced properties that boost their effectiveness in therapeutic, diagnostic, and environmental applications. Various synthesis techniques, including “ship-in-bottle” and “one-pot” methods, enable the creation of nano-hybrid composites with optimized catalytic performance, biosensing abilities, and drug delivery capabilities. This review uniquely focuses on the underexplored interplay between NP-MOF hybridization strategies and their direct influence on catalytic mechanisms in biomedical and environmental contexts. The integration of metal and carbon-based nanomaterials, including gold, silver, graphene oxide, and carbon nanotubes, into MOFs, emphasizing their impact on structural integrity, stability, and functional enhancements. Notably, these nano-hybrid MOFs demonstrate significant potential in drug delivery systems, offering controlled release mechanisms responsive to pH, redox, and temperature stimuli. The review also highlights the use of nano-hybrid MOFs in advanced cancer therapies, antimicrobial treatments, wound healing, and neurodegenerative disease research. Despite these innovations, challenges such as scalability, toxicity, and precise control over nanoparticle behaviour remain critical barriers. We critically assess recent advancements in MOF-based catalysis for biomedical applications, identifying key knowledge gaps and proposing future directions for overcoming synthetic limitations and biocompatibility concerns. Future developments in nano-hybrid MOF-based systems are crucial to optimizing their clinical applications and overcoming existing limitations in biocompatibility, biodegradability, and long-term stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100406"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis of magnetic type Zeolites 4A as catalyst for the elimination of quinoline yellow by the Fenton process: Optimization and kinetic investigation","authors":"Roland Urselin Noumsi Foko ,&nbsp;Cyrille Ghislain Fotsop ,&nbsp;Donald Raoul Tchuifon Tchuifon ,&nbsp;Charles Banenzoué ,&nbsp;Anatole Guy Blaise Azebaze","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work describes the hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of zeolite 4A (Zeo-4A) and magnetite zeolite (Zeo-4A@Fe₃O₄) from Cameroonian raw kaolin. The study also explores the efficiency of Zeo-4A@Fe₃O₄ for the removal of quinoline yellow (E104) via Fenton process. XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX, NMR-MAS and TGA-DSC characterizations show that Zeo-4A is crystalline with cubic morphology, while Zeo-4A@Fe₃O₄ exhibits a bonding interaction between zeolite and Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle leading to morphological structural changes. The degradation of quinoline yellow by heterogeneous Fenton process was carried out by varying several parameters, namely solution pH (3–7), H₂O₂ concentration (0.5–1.5 mol/L), quinoline yellow concentration (50–100 mg/L), and catalyst mass (50–100 mg). The results of catalytic performance tests reveal that the degradation efficiency of synthetic Zeo-4A, Zeo-4A@Fe₃O₄ and Fe₃O₄ were 1.71 %, 93.60 % and 92.65 %, respectively, after 60 min. Confirmatory tests were carried out by response surface methodology based on the Box-Behnken design, and a degradation rate of 98.81 % was obtained under optimum conditions of pH 3.84, 50.14 mg/L, 100 mg, and 1.5 g/L; which is well in line with the model predictions. A significant quadratic regression model R² = 91.35 % and the adjusted coefficient of determination value (adjusted R² = 82.04 %) were observed using the analysis of the variance. The study of catalyst recovery and reusability shows that the catalysts remain stable with a degradation rate greater than 66 % after five cycles. The kinetics results show that the degradation of E104 follows first and second order kinetic models, influenced by pH and catalyst mass, with optimum efficiency at pH 3. The characterization results of the material after degradation show that it maintains its structural integrity after use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and multifunctional investigation of reduced graphene oxide decorated MgO hybrid nanocomposite","authors":"M. Mylarappa ,&nbsp;S. Chandruvasan ,&nbsp;K.N. Shravana Kumara ,&nbsp;G. Krishnamurthy ,&nbsp;A.S. Santhosh Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current work reports magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles were synthesized by solution combustion route and prepared MgO was incorporated on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) using simple reflux method. Here, XRD (X-ray Diffraction), XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), SEM (Scanning electron microscopy), EDAX (Energy dispersive X-ray analysis) and Raman spectra were employed to confirm the sample. The prepared rGO/MgO exhibited 83 % antioxidant activity with lower IC₅₀ value 2609.23 mg/mL. The capacitance (C_sp), diffusion coefficient (D) and sensing property were evaluated. From cyclic voltammetry analysis (CV), the capacitance values of rGO and rGO/MgO electrodes were found to be 91.26 and 173.05 F/g. The lesser value of reversibility (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>E</mi><mi>O</mi></msub><mo>−</mo><msub><mi>E</mi><mi>R</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>1.98</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>) with greater proton diffusion coefficient (<span><math><mrow><mrow><mi>D</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1.812</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>6</mn></mrow></msup></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> demonstrate enhanced electrochemical performance using 1 M KOH electrolyte. The selected malachite green dye was effectively degraded up to 93 % within 150 min by first-order kinetics. The prepared rGO/MgO electrode has been used for evaluating the sensing activity of ascorbic acid (BS-A), resorcinol (BS-R), and uric acid (BS–U). The findings obtained demonstrated a higher detecting oxidation potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100397"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioconvective MHD flow of hybrid alumina-silver-water nanofluid across a moving needle containing gyrotactic microorganisms with Cattaneo-Christov heat and mass flux model","authors":"Utpal Jyoti Das,&nbsp;Deepjyoti Mali","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current study contains a steady laminar bioconvective magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow involving water (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>O</mi></mrow></math></span>)-based hybrid nanofluid composed of silver (<span><math><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>g</mi></mrow></math></span>) and alumina oxide (<span><math><mrow><mi>A</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>) as nanoparticles. This flow passes over a thin moving slender needle including gyrotactic motile microorganisms through a porous medium. The study examines how various physical characteristics, such as Cattaneo-Christov heat and mass flow, and viscous dissipation, affect the system's flow. Our objective is to find the impact of pertinent parameters on velocity, temperature, concentration, and microorganisms. This type of flow problem is important to control the heat and fluid flow phenomena around a needle which are applied to biotechnology (bioreactors, microbial fuel cells), biomedical engineering, microfluidics, and cooling systems. The reason for this investigation combines both scientific curiosity and practical applications. The controlling equations are simplified into nonlinear ordinary differential equations, solved numerically via MATLAB bvp4c tool, and their impact on temperature, velocity, microorganism, and concentration outline is graphically depicted, also, their impact on local microorganism's number, local Sherwood number, frictional drag coefficient, and local Nusselt number, are tabulated. This study's novelty is that it fills the gaps left by Kandasamy et al. [31]. This study demonstrates great agreement with Kandasamy et al. [31]. The study's findings indicate that improvement of thermal and concentration relaxation parameters declines fluid temperature and concentration respectively. Also, enhancement of bioconvection Lewis and Peclet numbers diminishes the microorganisms' profile. Again, when the Dufour and Soret numbers rise, then the temperature and concentration distribution also improve respectively. Furthermore, introducing 1 % of alumina oxide (<span><math><mrow><mi>A</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>), and silver (<em>Ag</em>) nanoparticles into the base fluid increased frictional drag by 2.64 %, and 3.03 %, respectively, compared to water.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gliadin encapsulated PCOs nanoformulation: An effective therapeutic option for metastatic breast cancer","authors":"Sant Lal,&nbsp;Monika Kataria,&nbsp;Neeraj Dilbaghi","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breast carcinoma ranks as one of the most dominant cause of mortality among women worldwide, with metastatic breast cancer posing a significant therapeutic challenge due to its high fatality rate and propensity to spread to critical organs like the lungs and brain. Despite their effectiveness, current cancer treatments frequently have serious side effects, which emphasizes the need for safer and more efficient therapeutic alternatives. Procyanidolic oligomers (PCOs), natural antioxidants derived from grape seeds, have shown promise as anticancer agents, particularly in diseases driven by oxidative stress. Building on this foundation, we hypothesized that nanoformulation of PCOs could enhance their therapeutic potential. In this study, we synthesized a stable nanoformulation of PCOs (termed PCOs–NF) using a modified desolvation method and characterized it through SEM and TEM analyses, revealing a consistent spherical morphology and an average diameter of 156 nm. The anticancer efficacy of PCOs–NF was evaluated against MCF-7 (human breast cancer), L-132 (human lung cancer), and HBL-52 (human brain meningioma) cell lines using the MTT assay. Results demonstrated significant inhibition of cell viability, with values of 36.46 %, 33.97 %, and 36.30 %, respectively, at a concentration of 125 μg/ml—exceeding the performance of conventional anticancer drugs. These findings highlight the potent anticancer activity of PCOs–NF against key cell lines involved in breast cancer metastasis to the lungs and brain. The study underscores the potential of PCOs–NF as a natural, selective, and efficient therapeutic option for metastatic breast cancer therapy. Further research and clinical validation could pave the way for its development as a safer alternative to conventional treatments for metastatic cancers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the mechanism underlying the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles using plant extract(s) with special reference to Silver, Gold, Copper and Zinc oxide nanoparticles","authors":"Kangkan Deka ,&nbsp;Renaldy Donlang Nongbet ,&nbsp;Karan Das ,&nbsp;Pranjal Saikia ,&nbsp;Simran Kaur ,&nbsp;Abhijita Talukder ,&nbsp;Bhargab Thakuria","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Green synthesis techniques provide a sustainable and environmentally responsible approach to creating nanoparticles. These methods utilize natural and renewable resources as catalysts while minimizing the use of harmful chemicals. Nanoparticles, characterized by their dimensions of 1–100 nm, possess unique properties, making them highly sought after in fields like medicine, electronics, and environmental remediation.</div></div><div><h3>Main body</h3><div>This review examines the process of creating and utilizing metal nanoparticles, namely copper, zinc oxide, gold, and silver. It explores a range of methods for nanoparticle synthesis, including physical, chemical, and biological approaches, with particular attention to green synthesis methods that utilize natural resources to minimize environmental impact. Traditional synthesis methods often involve hazardous chemicals, prompting the adoption of eco-friendly alternatives. The review explores diverse techniques, such as top-down and bottom-up approaches, discussing their advantages and limitations. Specific synthesis methods and applications of nanoparticles, particularly those derived from plant extracts, are explored. These nanoparticles find utility in biomedical research, drug delivery, catalysis, sensing, and environmental clean-up.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The review underscores the significance of green synthesis methods in nanoparticle production, highlighting their versatility and the need for ongoing research to harness their full potential while addressing associated challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100399"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143278626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}