Hybrid Advances最新文献

{"title":"Unified thermodynamic modeling of adsorption and London dispersive surface energy on Rh-modified H-β zeolite: Coupled effects of temperature, metal loading, and specific surface area","authors":"Tayssir Hamieh","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A comprehensive thermomechanical and electronic characterization of solvent adsorption on Rh-modified H-β zeolite was performed using inverse gas chromatography. The adsorbed molecular surface area <span><math><mrow><mi>a</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mi>T</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>θ</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>S</mi></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> and the London dispersive surface energy <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mi>γ</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>d</mi></msubsup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mi>T</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>θ</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>S</mi></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> were quantified as functions of temperature, Rh loading (<span><math><mrow><mi>θ</mi></mrow></math></span>), and specific surface area (<span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow></math></span>). A unified second-order bivariate model was developed, enabling direct extraction of the temperature derivatives, cross-coupling terms, and structural sensitivity coefficients for every system.</div><div>The results show that Rh loading enhances the electronic polarizability density of the zeolite surface, leading to increased <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mi>γ</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>d</mi></msubsup></mrow></math></span> and amplified temperature sensitivity through negative dispersive surface entropy <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mi>ε</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>d</mi></msubsup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>θ</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>. Moderate Rh content (0.5–1 wt%) maximizes the adsorbed molecular footprint due to cooperative strengthening of dispersion interactions without excessive pore blocking. In contrast, variations in <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow></math></span> act primarily through geometric effects: high <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow></math></span> decreases <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mi>γ</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>d</mi></msubsup></mrow></math></span> due to polarizability dilution but significantly increases the adsorbed footprint by reducing confinement and allowing greater molecular deformation with temperature.</div><div>Comparison of Rh and <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow></math></span> models demonstrates that adsorption on Rh/H-β-zeolites is governed by two independent mechanisms: electronic enrichment (<span><math><mrow><mi>θ</mi></mrow></math></span>-dependent) and geometric deconfinement (<span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow></math></span>-dependent). Their interplay determines both interaction strength and conformational freedom of adsorbed molecules. This unified framework provides fundamental insight into adsorption thermodynamics on metal-modified zeolites and offers predictive design rules for optimizing catalysts, sorbents, and surface-engineered porous materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100614"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of a hybrid KNN–SVM model versus individual ML techniques for solar power forecasting in Bangladesh","authors":"Md.Mushfiq Us Salehin","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Proper power system operation in areas that have a high degree of climatic variability including Bangladesh requires proper solar power forecasting. This paper analyzes a cascade hybrid KNN–SVM model to predict solar power per hour and their performance is compared to standalone K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models. Under the proposed method, the KNN algorithm is first used to determine the local data neighborhoods, and the second step is the localized regression on an SVM with a radial basis function (RBF) kernel. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) is used to evaluate model performance on a series of forecasting targets. Hourly Total Global Solar Radiation (HTGSR) and Hourly Total Power Generation (HTPEG) are the least RMSE values of 0.0059 and 0.0058 respectively, which are the lowest for the hybrid KNN–SVM model. Although LSTM works well in situations where there are long temporal dependencies to be learned, the hybrid approach offers a more balanced trade off between instance-based learning and margin optimization, and thus is especially useful in situations where there are high short-term variations. These findings justify the feasibility of scaled-up solar energy integration into the power grid in Bangladesh and it will also help in the sustainable energy planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100598"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles using Acanthus ilicifolius leaf extract","authors":"Md. Touhidul Islam ,&nbsp;Md. Shoebul Islam ,&nbsp;Mizanur Rahman Washim ,&nbsp;A.S.M Tanbirul Haque ,&nbsp;Md. Arifuzzaman ,&nbsp;H.M. Rakibul Islam ,&nbsp;Md. Harunor Rashid ,&nbsp;Yahia Mahmud","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The green biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plants has become a promising approach for developing potent agents against fatal pathogens. The present study evaluated the green production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from the extract of <em>Acanthus ilicifolius</em> leaves and their antibacterial properties as a sustainable solution to bacterial challenges in shrimp aquaculture. The synthesis of AgNPs was confirmed after 6 h by monitoring a color change. Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis were employed to characterize the synthesized particles. The UV-vis spectrum of the synthesized silver nanoparticles exhibited a characteristic absorption peak at <em>λ</em>_max = 400 nm, confirmed the successful formation of AgNPs. FTIR analysis indicated potential interactions between silver and bioactive compounds in <em>A. ilicifolius</em> leaf extracts, which may facilitate the formation and stabilization of silver nanoparticles. SEM imaging revealed that the particles were spherical and exhibited no aggregation. AFM topography showed that the AgNPs were spherical, polydisperse particles with an average size of 86.86 nm. The nanoparticles demonstrated stronger antibacterial efficacy against harmful bacteria through disk diffusion assays, with inhibition zones of 15 ± 0.8 mm for <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em> at a 1000 mg/mL concentration, 12 ± 0.4 mm for <em>Pseudoalteromonas ostreae</em> at 250 mg/mL, and 13 ± 0.7 mm for <em>Shewanella khirikhana</em> at 250 mg/mL. <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em> exhibited the greatest vulnerability at this dose, while showing resistance to the antibiotic oxytetracycline at 30 μg. The strong bioactivity of the green produced AgNPs from this plant suggests their application in biomedicine as antibacterial agents in shrimp aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100620"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum nanomaterials in breath-based biosensing: A paradigm shift in non-invasive disease diagnostics","authors":"Lovepreet Singh ,&nbsp;Harshita Jain ,&nbsp;Samandeep Kaur ,&nbsp;Sakshi Sharma ,&nbsp;Humphrey Sam Samuel ,&nbsp;Sweety","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The quest for non-invasive, rapid, and highly sensitive diagnostic technologies has catalyzed the development of breath-based biosensing platforms. Exhaled human breath contains a complex array of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that reflect metabolic and pathological changes, offering a rich source of real-time biomarkers. This review comprehensively examines the biochemical origins and disease-specific signatures of VOCs, alongside a comparative assessment of breath with other biofluids such as blood, saliva, and urine. Particular emphasis is placed on emerging quantum nanomaterials including quantum dots, MXenes, black phosphorus, and perovskite nanocrystals which offer exceptional sensitivity, selectivity, and room-temperature operability in VOC detection. We explore signal transduction mechanisms such as fluorescence quenching, chemiresistive sensing, and resonance energy transfer, and highlight their integration into smart diagnostic platforms enabled by artificial intelligence, microfluidics, and IoT technologies. Applications across metabolic disorders, cancers, respiratory diseases, and hepatic dysfunctions are critically analyzed. Finally, current limitations in VOC standardization, sensor degradation, and environmental interference are discussed, with a forward-looking perspective on clinical translation. This review offers a unified framework bridging material innovation, breathomics, and digital health, underscoring the transformative potential of quantum nanomaterial-enabled breath sensors for next-generation personalized diagnostics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100632"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-apatite phosphate compound: High-Performance corrosion inhibition in highly aggressive HCl solution (1.0 M and 5.0 M) and biological assessment","authors":"Nouhaila Ferraa ,&nbsp;Moussa Ouakki ,&nbsp;Mariam Barrahi ,&nbsp;Mohammed Cherkaoui ,&nbsp;Mounia Bennani Ziatni","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a novel inorganic Co-Apatite Phosphate substituted with cobalt ions (named CCP) of formula Co₂Ca₆(HPO₄)(PO₄)₅(OH) was synthesized and evaluated for its multifunctional properties, encompassing corrosion inhibition, as well as antibacterial and antifungal activities. The synthesis process was conducted following a green chemistry approach and the phosphate compound was thoroughly analyzed using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Electrochemical techniques were employed to investigate the corrosion prevention performance against carbon steel in two different hydrogen chloride acidic medium concentrations (5.0 M and 1.0 M HCl). The inhibitor demonstrates excellent performance in both mildly and highly acidic environments. In less corrosive environment of 1.0 M HCl, the inhibition efficiency is estimated to be 96.4 %, while under more corrosive 5.0 M HCl, the efficiency remains high at 90 %. In addition, biological assays revealed that the material exhibited notable antibacterial activity and antifungal effectiveness against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive. These results confirm the potentiality of CCP as a green multifunctional inhibitor effective in both harsh and microbially active environments (antimicrobial and antifungal).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100593"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-friendly dyeing of polyester with natural colorants extracted from jackfruit wood shavings: Insights into fabric performance, chromatic parameters, and flame retardancy","authors":"Md. Abdullah Al Mamun,&nbsp;Md Khalilur Rahman,&nbsp;Md. Tareque Rahaman,&nbsp;Arnob Dhar Pranta","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Growing environmental concerns associated with petroleum-based synthetic dyes have intensified the demand of sustainable natural colorants for textile applications. This research evaluates jackfruit (<em>Artocarpus heterophyllus</em>) wood shavings, an underutilized agricultural byproduct, as a renewable dye source for polyester dyeing, including its dual significance in waste valorization and environmentally sustainable processing. The colorant was extracted through alkaline extraction at 100 °C for 60 min, and polyester fabrics were subsequently dyed under systematically varied dyeing process parameters, including time (20–120 min), temperature (80–160 °C), and pH (4, 7, 9). FTIR spectroscopy revealed the presence of characteristic polyester bands alongside additional absorption features, indicative of interactions between dye constituents and the fiber surface. Dyeing induced measurable modifications in fabric performance, including reduced air permeability attributable to surface deposition and limited moisture transfer as evidenced by near-zero bottom-surface wetting and a negative one-way transport index. Chromatic assessment demonstrated that dyeing parameters significantly influenced chromatic parameters, with maximum color strength reaching (K/S) 10.39. Samples dyed at 140 °C for 100 min exhibited enhanced flame retardancy (29.1 s) and excellent wash, rubbing, light, and perspiration fastness (ratings 4–5). Acidic pH improved wash fastness, whereas neutral pH yielded superior rubbing, light, and perspiration resistance. The findings establish jackfruit wood shavings as a promising sustainable colorant capable of imparting functional and aesthetic value to polyester textiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100596"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145789613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From surface chemistry to nuclear targeting: The multifaceted challenge of genetic delivery via inorganic nanoparticles","authors":"Cecilia Vasti ,&nbsp;Ludmila D'Alessandro ,&nbsp;Dariana Aristizabal Bedoya ,&nbsp;Laura E. Valenti ,&nbsp;Carla E. Giacomelli","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The delivery of therapeutic genes represents a transformative strategy for the treatment of genetic and complex diseases. Despite the clinical success of viral vectors, their high cost, immunogenicity, and limited cargo capacity underscore the need for safer and more versatile alternatives. Nonviral delivery systems, particularly inorganic nanoparticles, have emerged as promising carriers owing to their structural stability, tunable surface chemistry, and ability to accommodate diverse genetic cargos. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted biological barriers that limit the efficacy of inorganic delivery systems, from extracellular stability and protein corona formation to cell internalization, endosomal escape, and nuclear translocation. We highlight recent advances in the rational design of inorganic nanoparticles (including gold, iron oxide, mesoporous silica, layered double hydroxides, and calcium phosphate) that address these challenges through tailored physicochemical properties, functional coatings, and stimuli-responsive behaviors. Particular attention is given to their applications in gene silencing, genome editing, and nucleic acid–based vaccines, where they act as multifunctional platforms integrating therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities. Although significant progress has been achieved, critical translational hurdles remain, including large-scale reproducibility, long-term safety, and standardized characterization of nanoparticle–biological interactions. Inorganic nanoparticles provide modular, stable, and tunable carriers for nucleic acid delivery, yet their transfection efficiencies typically remain below 10 %, substantially lower than viral or lipid delivery systems. Despite significant advances in design and mechanistic understanding, clinical translation has not yet been achieved. Current efforts prioritize niche applications where inorganic systems complement lipid nanoparticles, especially in targeted or multifunctional (theranostic) gene therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100586"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-friendly synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Dillenia indica leaf extract: Characterization and evaluation of biological properties","authors":"Md Riazul Islam ,&nbsp;Shyama Prosad Moulick ,&nbsp;Imrul Hasan Bhuiyan ,&nbsp;Md. Sahadat Hossain ,&nbsp;Subarna Sandhani Dey ,&nbsp;Sadia Afrin Chhanda ,&nbsp;Firoz Ahmed ,&nbsp;Md. Farid Ahmed ,&nbsp;Tanvir Muslim","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized using <em>Dillenia indica</em> leaf extract, and their structural, morphological, and functional properties were analyzed. UV-Visible spectroscopy confirmed the presence of ZnO NPs with an absorption peak at ∼360 nm with a band gap energy of 3.20 eV obtained from the UV-Visible reflectance spectra. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure, with average crystallite sizes of 26.69 nm for non-calcined and 25.47 nm for calcined samples. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed spherical morphology with average particle sizes of 32 nm (non-calcined) and 27 nm (calcined). Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX) confirmed zinc and oxygen presence, with a trace of carbon in non-calcined samples indicating phytochemical residues. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) exhibited larger hydrodynamic sizes (270.7 nm for non-calcined, 150.7 nm for calcined), while zeta potential values (−50.9 mV non-calcined, −51.7 mV calcined) indicated high colloidal stability. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) highlighted organic functional groups in non-calcined samples, which diminished after calcination. The thermal analysis revealed excellent thermal stability of ZnO nanoparticles, with minimal mass loss (2.27%) up to 1200 °C, highlighting their suitability for high-temperature applications. Antimicrobial studies showed moderate activity against Gram-positive bacteria, with non-calcined ZnO NPs exhibiting slightly better performance. The antioxidant assays demonstrated that non-calcined ZnO NPs had superior radical scavenging activity, potentially due to retained bioactive phytochemicals. These findings suggest that the green synthesis of ZnO NPs using <em>D</em>.<em>indica</em> provides a viable method for producing bioactive nanomaterials with potential applications in antimicrobial and antioxidant domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100623"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of calcium silicate based high density structural flame-retardant composites developed using waste marble powder and sugarcane bagasse ash for flame retardancy applications","authors":"Mathew Magombe,&nbsp;Vianney Andrew Yiga,&nbsp;Medard Turyasingura,&nbsp;Mackay Okure,&nbsp;Michael Lubwama","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Calcium silicate powder was produced by calcining a mixture of 1:1 wt of acetic-treated waste marble powder and hydrochloric acid-treated sugar cane bagasse ash. Waste marble powder was calcined at 700, 800, and 900 °C. Ordinary Portland cement binder was added before compressing at pressures of 15, 20, and 25 MPa. The composites were formulated with 10–30 g of cement binder and 15 wt% water in each mixture. Box-Behnken response surface methodology was used to determine the effects of calcination temperature, Ordinary Portland cement binder amount and pressing pressure on density, thermal conductivity, water absorption and compressive strength. XRF, XRD and SEM were used to determine the chemical compositions, phases and microstructures. XRD results showed that the developed high density structural flame-retardant composites were crystalline and consisted of tobermorite and calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H), which were responsible for enhancing the flame-retardant and mechanical strength. SEM images showed the existence of micro-pores which affected the thermal conductivity behavior. The optimized high density structural flame-retardant composite had the maximum compressive strength of 62.8 MPa, thermal conductivity of 0.02 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹, water absorption 6.5% and density of 2058.24 kg m⁻³. This further suggests that the developed high density structural flame-retardant composites produced from these wastes may be used to thermally insulate the internal lining of buildings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100630"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147395111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical and volumetric expansion of expandable polystyrene subjected to fuel material for self-sealing composite coating applications","authors":"Md Shaheen Mahmood ,&nbsp;Sabrina Islam ,&nbsp;Vamshi M. Korivi ,&nbsp;Kumar B. Kulkarni ,&nbsp;Z. Shaghayegh Bagheri ,&nbsp;Ali Beheshti","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Expandable polystyrene is widely used in several industries as a sealing medium due to its desirable mechanical properties, durability, and high-volume expansion. In particular, it has been employed as embedded beads in emerging composite self-sealing coatings for fuel tank applications. To optimize the performance of these composite coatings and support modeling and simulation (M&amp;S) efforts, fundamental mechanical data of the expandable beads is essential. Yet, such data is currently lacking in the literature. This experimental study investigates the volumetric expansion, surface morphology, and mechanical properties of polystyrene beads before and after exposure to Jet-A fuel. The volumetric expansion of beads was measured using an optical microscope, where their surface behavior was assessed before and after fuel exposure to evaluate changes in morphology. Results showcase a considerable mean swelling ratio of approximately 12. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed an adhesiveness effect among the beads following fuel exposure, contributing to their sealing behavior. In addition, to investigate the mechanical properties of the beads before and after exposure, a flat-tip micro-indentation technique was employed. The results showed that the expanded beads underwent significantly greater deformation and a drop in stiffness (more than 16-fold) compared to their dry counterparts. Both dry and expanded beads exhibited creep behavior, with the expanded beads demonstrating a higher degree of creep (approximately 12 times higher). These findings provide both qualitative and quantitative insights into the volumetric and mechanical changes of the expandable beads at room temperature subjected to fuel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100583"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}