Hybrid Advances最新文献

{"title":"Enhanced mechanical properties in green concrete through innovative blends of GGBFS, alccofine, and metakaolin","authors":"T. Nelson Ponnu Durai ,&nbsp;S. Kandasamy ,&nbsp;Achsah Rajendran Startha Christabel","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research aims to improve the sustainability and mechanical properties of concrete by using partial replacement of cement M40 grade of concrete with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS), Alccofine (AL), and Metakaolin (MK). The study compares the effects of different proportions of GGBFS (0–50 %), Alccofine (0–20 %), and Metakaolin (0–15 %) on the compressive, tensile, and flexural strength and at curing ages of 7, 28, 56, and 90 days. The effective proportions of the replacements were determined to be 30 % GGBFS, 15 % Alccofine, and 10 % Metakaolin in ratios, which considerably improved the mechanical properties of ordinary concrete. A ternary blend of these optimal levels was subsequently studied to determine its synergistic effect on the mechanical properties and microstructure. The ternary mix demonstrated enhanced performance in every strength test in comparison with individual replacements and normal concrete. The SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) analysis indicated that the enhanced pozzolanic activities, higher densities of the microstructure, and denser packing densities of the particles were the primary factors contributing to the improved performance. The results highlight that through the application of SCMs, there exist promising opportunities in attaining high performance at the same time as a low environmental footprint that could help in concrete innovation for more sustainable solutions. With its unique investigation of a ternary blend of SCMs (GGBFS, Alccofine, and Metakaolin), this work presents a novel approach to the development of green concrete by showcasing their synergistic impact on mechanical and microstructural qualities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BSA adsorption, antibiofilm and antifouling studies of N-tert-amylacrylamide based hydrogels","authors":"Krishnasami Jayanthi ,&nbsp;Periyasamy Pazhanisamy ,&nbsp;Kasi Chithra ,&nbsp;William Shanthi ,&nbsp;Arumugam Venkatesan ,&nbsp;Dhurairaj Satheesh","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100508","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Because of their special qualities—such as their high water content, softness, flexibility, and biocompatibility—hydrogels have grown in popularity. Hydrogels can be created by physically or chemically cross-linking hydrophilic polymers, both natural and manufactured. Because of their similarity to live tissue, they have a wide range of potential uses in the biomedical field. Hydrogels are being utilized in the production of wound dressings, tissue engineering scaffolds, contact lenses, hygiene products, and medication delivery systems. Polymer crosslinking can be used to create hydrogels. Using free-radical copolymerization of N-&lt;em&gt;tert&lt;/em&gt;-amyl acrylamide (NTA), acrylamide AM, and maleic acid (MA)/N-iso-propyl acrylamide (NIPAM)/acrylic acid (Ac) as monomers in a methanol/water mixture (3:1 ratio) at 60 °C, we created the N-&lt;em&gt;tert&lt;/em&gt;-amylacrylamide base hydrogels (HG1-HG4, HG13-HG16, and HG25-HG28) in this study. FT-IR, PXRD, SEM-EDX, and TGA studies were used to characterise the produced hydrogels. The synthesized hydrogels' BSA adsorption was examined at varied pH values and with varying concentrations of MA, NIPAM, and Ac. PXRD, SEM, and TGA were also used to compare hydrogels before and after BSA adsorption. Protein adsorption results from hydrogel surfaces' ability to soak in liquids. Research on the adsorption of BSA in hydrogels revealed that the highest adsorption occurred at pH 5.0, which is near the BSA's isoelectric point (IEP). When MA, NIPAM, and Ac were the third monomers, the BSA adsorption amounts at pH 5.0 were 116.4 mg/g, 129.4 mg/g, and 112.0 mg/g, respectively. At 129.4 mg/g, the poly(NTA-co-AM/NIPAM) hydrogel exhibited the highest BSA adsorption. Sharpened peaks were visible in the XRD, fewer holes were visible in the SEM pictures, and a different breakdown temperature was indicated by the TGA. BSA adsorption was enhanced and conformed by all of these methods. They also showed that following protein adsorption, the hydrogels' amorphous character diminished. Using the MTP assay, the antibiofilm behaviour of hydrogels was investigated in vitro. The hydrogels resisted the biofilm formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro because of their anionic nature and hydrophilia, which increases their swelling capacity. When MA, NIPAM, Ac, and AMPSNa were the third monomer, the synthesized hydrogels' IC50 values were 24.98 μg/mL, 27.15 μg/mL, 25.06 μg/mL, and 20.45 μg/mL against S. aureus and 46.78 μg/mL, 48.16 μg/mL, 47.72 μg/mL, and 46.64 μg/mL against P. auregiosa, respectively. Because of its ionic nature and greater hydrophilicity, poly(NTA-co-AM/AMPSNa) hydrogel exhibits a stronger inhibition. The nature of biofilm inhibition was further demonstrated by SEM and fluorescence microscopy. The antibiofouling property against the marine alga &lt;em&gt;Ulva Lactuca&lt;/em&gt; was evaluated &lt;em&gt;invitro&lt;/em&gt; and this property was due to hydrogen bonding which forms the energy barrier for the spores to get atta","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100508"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineered ZnFe2O4/C nanocomposite for efficient hexavalent chromium removal","authors":"M.R. Rajani ,&nbsp;R. Ravishankar ,&nbsp;M. Srinidhi Raghavan ,&nbsp;S. Priya ,&nbsp;M.S. Jyothi ,&nbsp;Sana Ahemad ,&nbsp;K. Prashantha","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the synthesis, characterization, and application of a carbonaceous zinc ferrite (ZnFe₂O₄/C) nanocomposite as an efficient adsorbent for hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous solutions. The synthesized composite material was characterized using X-ray diffraction, which revealed a crystallite size of 46 nm. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis confirmed its mesoporous nature, with a specific surface area of 56.925 m²/g, a pore volume of 0.085 cc/g, and an average pore diameter of 3.726 nm. Batch adsorption studies demonstrated excellent Cr (VI) removal efficiency of 83 % under optimal conditions. The adsorption process exhibited pH dependency, with a maximum removal of 86 % achieved at pH 4. This is attributed to the electrostatic attraction between the positively charged adsorbent surface and negatively charged chromate species. Isotherm studies revealed that the adsorption process best fits the Langmuir model, indicating monolayer adsorption with a maximum capacity of 39.37 mg/g with kinetic studies revealing the rapid initial uptake followed by gradual equilibration. The adsorbent demonstrated remarkable stability during reusability tests, with removal efficiency reported at 78.76 % even after six consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles. The study establishes ZnFe₂O₄/C as a promising adsorbent for chromium removal in an effort to establish sustainable water remediation technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144307173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking the brain barrier: Hybrid nanoparticle-enabled delivery for next-gen neurotherapeutics","authors":"Shrikant Dargude,&nbsp;Anuruddha Chabukswar,&nbsp;Swati Jagdale","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neurological disorders are beholden for mortality, morbidity, and disability. According to the new WHO position paper promulgated on August 9, 2022, “Disorders of the nervous system are the second commanding antecedent of death globally, accounting for 9 million deaths per year”. The physiological structure, components and their function in maintaining the integrity of blood brain barrier (BBB), limits the entry of drugs. Various transport mechanisms are discussed, such as paracellular, transcellular, carrier-mediated transport, adsorptive mediated transport, and receptor-mediated transport. Delivering therapeutics across the BBB while avoiding neurotoxins is the primary challenge in formulating novel pharmaceutical drug delibvery alternatives for the treatment of brain diseases. A strategy based on nanotechnology can improve a drug's pharmacokinetic profile and optimize drug transport. Drug transport in neurodegenerative diseases may be improved by nanoparticle formulations that contain therapeutics that target particular biochemical processes in the brain. Recent advancements in materials science and nanotechnology offer advanced materials with customized properties for targeted drug delivery. Research on the brain and BBB has led to the development of strategies for enhanced BBB crossing. Hybrid nanoparticles serve as a promising drug delivery vehicle which promotes the brain transport of drugs. This review discusses the structure, function, cells, and mechanisms of biotraficking across BBB. An emerging strategy for BBB crossing, a hybrid nanoparticle-based drug delivery system for brain delivery for various brain diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, Glioblastoma, Epilepsy, Schizophrenia, Traumatic Brain Injury, Migraine, and other neuroinflammatory disease like Krebbs etc are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100513"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative whey protein isolate-based biopolymer film with glycerol for sustainable food packaging applications","authors":"Lina Goudali ,&nbsp;Naoual Belouaggadia ,&nbsp;Basha Shaik Nagoor ,&nbsp;Abdellah Zamma ,&nbsp;Latifa Elfarissi","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The food packaging industry faces significant challenges in extending the shelf life of products while addressing the environmental concerns associated with traditional plastic use. Conventional plastics, although effective in food preservation, are non-degradable and contribute to long-term pollution, including microplastics entering the food chain. While biodegradable alternatives have been explored, many biobased polymers suffer from limitations in their mechanical and thermal properties, restricting their practical application in food packaging. This study addresses this gap by developing an innovative, eco-friendly whey protein isolate (WPI)-based biopolymer film, crosslinked with glycerol as a plasticizing agent. The incorporation of glycerol significantly enhances the film’s thermal stability, making it suitable for food packaging applications under varying storage conditions. The developed WPI film combines biodegradability with improved food preservation capabilities, offering a promising alternative to conventional plastics. This research contributes to the development of functional biobased films and supports the need for sustainable packaging solutions that reduce plastic waste and mitigate environmental harm. It provides a significant contribution to biopolymer development for food packaging, paving the way for future innovations in sustainable packaging materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100519"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a two-stage explicit numerical scheme for mixed convective flow in hybrid materials with variable properties","authors":"Muhammad Shoaib Arif ,&nbsp;Kamal Abodayeah ,&nbsp;Yasir Nawaz","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The accurate numerical simulation of unsteady convective transport phenomena is pivotal in understanding a wide spectrum of physical processes, including heat exchangers, chemical reactors, geothermal systems, and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows. Among these, mixed convective flow arising from the combined influence of forced and free convection is particularly significant in engineering applications involving both buoyancy and externally driven flows. The complexity of such problems increases when fluid properties, such as viscosity and thermal conductivity, vary with temperature, introducing strong nonlinearity into the governing equations. This study proposes a two-stage explicit numerical scheme for solving time-dependent partial differential equations that govern such flows. The first stage modifies the exponential time integrator, while the second employs a classical Runge-Kutta formulation. A sixth-order compact scheme is used for spatial discretization, and second-order accuracy in time is achieved. The scheme is applied to simulate the mixed convective flow of a Newtonian fluid with variable properties in a porous medium under the influence of a transverse magnetic field. Simulation results reveal that increasing the Darcy number enhances the velocity profile while higher magnetic parameter values suppress it. Similarly, the Eckert number amplifies the temperature due to viscous dissipation, whereas the Prandtl number reduces thermal diffusion. For concentration profiles, both the Schmidt number and reaction rate parameter cause a significant decline, demonstrating their damping effect on solute transport. The local Sherwood number is shown to decrease with increases in both Schmidt number and reaction rate. The proposed scheme consistently yields lower <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>L</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>-norm errors compared to traditional Euler and second-order Runge-Kutta methods, with up to 18 % error reduction observed at smaller time step sizes. These results highlight the method's accuracy and computational efficiency, demonstrating its potential as a high-fidelity tool for simulating nonlinear convective flows with variable material properties in hybrid thermal systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100517"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the electronic and optical properties of g-C3N4/HfN2 Nanoheterojunctions: A novel semiconductor for optoelectronic applications","authors":"V.W. Elloh ,&nbsp;I. Arhin ,&nbsp;D.F. Ofosuhene ,&nbsp;D.E. Anderson ,&nbsp;D. Abbeyquaye ,&nbsp;A. Yaya ,&nbsp;Eric K.K. Abavare","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we report a novel van der Waals heterojunction composed of g-C₃N₄ and HfN₂, hypothesizing that the combination of these materials into a nanoheterojunction can yield synergistic enhancements in charge carrier dynamics, band alignment, and optoelectronic behaviour. Using hybrid-functional DFT (HSE06) and DFPT calculations, this study systematically explores the electronic, optical, and phonon properties of the g-C₃N₄/HfN₂ nanoheterostructure. The results demonstrate that the heterojunction exhibits a stable structure with a desirable indirect bandgap of 1.697 eV, high visible-light absorption, favourable band edge positions for photocatalytic water splitting, and reduced electron-hole recombination as evidenced by charge density difference and DOS analyses. Phonon spectrum analysis confirms dynamic stability, while the optical spectra indicate isotropic absorption—an essential feature for practical device integration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100516"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring bentonite-based cat litter as a low-cost sorbent for copper removal","authors":"Mario Nikola Mužek ,&nbsp;Anita Bašić,&nbsp;Jelena Jakić,&nbsp;Sandra Svilović","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the potential of two types of cat litter, labelled by manufacturer as natural bentonite and bentonite, as an effective sorbent material for copper removal. XRF characterization confirmed the presence of key clay minerals (Si, Al) and oxides of Fe, Ca, Mg, Ti, K, Na, P, and S. SEM analysis revealed porous and non-homogeneous structure, while EDS analysis detected only trace amounts of copper prior to sorption, with significant uptake afterward in both cat litter samples. Non-linear regression of equilibrium data indicated that the Jovanovic isotherm model best described the sorption process, suggesting mobile and monolayer sorption without lateral interactions. Sorption kinetics followed the Elovich equation for low copper concentrations (≤3.053 mmol/dm³), highlighting rapid initial sorption rates. At higher concentrations (≥5.046 mmol/dm³), the Weber-Morris model was most accurate, indicating the influence of both film and intraparticle diffusion. The highest sorption efficiency and copper uptake were observed in systems with the highest impeller to critical impeller speed (<em>N</em>/<em>N</em>_JS) ratio, particularly in the unbaffled reactor with an SBT impeller (R_k = 61.867 %, <em>q</em>_k = 0.629 mmol/g). Overall, this work contributes to sustainable water treatment technologies by proposing a low-cost, readily available sorbent while also advancing the understanding of sorption kinetics and reactor optimisation. It also provides insights into how variations in the composition of the same type of clay can influence sorption efficiency. In this study, cat litter labelled as natural bentonite showed a higher sorption efficiency and capacity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100512"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pickering emulsions: Physicochemical properties and recent applications in engineering","authors":"Sunday M. Ajayi ,&nbsp;Samuel O. Olusanya ,&nbsp;Sunday F. Abimbade ,&nbsp;Oluwabamise L. Faboya ,&nbsp;Emmanuel G. Olumayede ,&nbsp;Cecilia O. Akintayo ,&nbsp;Dosu Malomo","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Colloidal particles' adaptability facilitates the creation of various materials using Pickering emulsion templates. This review explores the recent utilization of colloidal particles in stabilizing Pickering emulsions and their potential applications in engineering technology to promote green chemistry. The study examines recent research on colloidal dispersion applications in engineering. Emulsion preparation techniques, phase volume fraction, and factors influencing emulsion stability, as well as stabilizing particles and stabilization mechanisms were presented. Additionally, it investigates Fracture Analysis, rheological properties, steady-state phenomenon, and mechanical behaviour of Pickering emulsions. The review also presents an engineering perspective on emulsion types and discusses various potential engineering applications of Pickering emulsions, including ion exchange, absorption, tissue engineering, wastewater treatment, mineral flotation, catalysis, pipe cleaning, road construction, oil drilling and recovery, and 3D printing. The study identifies challenges hindering current research on Pickering emulsion applications in engineering, suggests future directions, and emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary approach to overcome these obstacles. This research demonstrates that Pickering emulsions offer a promising and convenient system for fabricating diverse materials to address numerous engineering problems and reduce environmental pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144213345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrosion of composite materials and hybrid corrosion protection","authors":"Dr. Ladislav Vrsalović (Prof.),&nbsp;Dr. Iman Danaee (Prof.),&nbsp;Dr. Senka Gudic (Prof.),&nbsp;Dr. Simeon Chukwudozie Nwanonenyi","doi":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100500","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100614,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Advances","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100500"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}