Geosystems and Geoenvironment最新文献

{"title":"High-resolution airborne magnetic detection of iron ore deposits","authors":"Fahad Abubakar ,&nbsp;Ismail Ahmad Abir","doi":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2024.100349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2024.100349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The iron and steel industry has been called the \"backbone\" of industrialisation and the \"bedrock\" of national economies. For almost 50 years, Nigeria has endeavoured to construct a publicly sponsored iron and steel sector in Kogi State, Nigeria's iron ore hub, to expedite the nation's economic development. However, amongst the most significant geoscientific barriers hindering this endeavour are the unpredictability of local materials, notably iron ores, and the rugged topographical challenge of exploring more materials. As a part of the process of abating this challenge, a high-resolution airborne magnetic survey was conducted by the Nigerian Geological Survey Agency. This study aims to delineate the spatial occurrences of the iron ore resources in Kogi State using the recently acquired high-resolution airborne magnetic datasets. The Centre for Exploration Targeting (CET) grid analysis, analytic signal, and Euler deconvolution analytical technique were employed to aid the interpretation, and the known iron ore mines were used as control. The total magnetic intensity and residual map did not reveal the potential ore deposits by mere qualitative interpretation. The lineament density map displays a very poor consistency with the known iron ore deposits due to the geostructural complexity of the study area. However, the high-amplitude peaks of the analytic signal map are consistent, perfectly correlate with all the known existing mines, and reveal potential iron ore deposits. These peaks are in the range of 0.147 to 0.430 nT/m. The Euler deconvolution reveals the depth of potential deposits to be &lt;250 m, while the analytic signal reveals a depth range of 49.594 to 150.926 m. Compared with previous related studies, shallower depth estimates and relatively higher amplitude peaks from the analytic signal were observed. These were attributed to this study's higher resolution acquisition parameters. Finally, we recommend that stakeholders and policymakers prioritize the high-amplitude peaks of the analytic signal as target zones for further iron ore exploration and exploitation processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100582,"journal":{"name":"Geosystems and Geoenvironment","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping and discrimination of the mineralization potential in the Bonako area (Central Cameroon Domain): Insights from Landsat 9 OLI data, GIS fuzzy modeling techniques and field observations","authors":"Nguimezap Marie Madeleine ,&nbsp;Fozing Eric Martial ,&nbsp;Safianou Ousmanou ,&nbsp;Achu Megnemo Ludovic ,&nbsp;Sobze Yemdji Robinson Belmien ,&nbsp;Sawadogo Sâga","doi":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2024.100347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2024.100347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Bonako area is situated in the Central Cameroon Domain of the Central African Fold Belt. In this study, the discrimination of lithological units with hydrothermally altered deposits is investigated by combining Landsat 9 OLI data, fieldwork descriptions, GIS fuzzy modeling techniques, and remote sensing approaches including false color composite (FCC), de-correlation stretch (DS), standard principal component analysis (PCA) and minimum noise fraction (MNF). In addition, image processing methods such as band ratios (BR) and selective principal component analysis (Crosta-PCA) were applied to target and delineate hydrothermally altered and corresponding minerals and the spectral angle mapper (SAM) classification algorithm was used to classify the discriminated lithological units within the study area. The evaluation of the fuzzy membership of each alteration-derived mineral from Landsat 9 OLI and ASTER data indicates that the highest favourability index varies from 0.8 to 1 indicating a rating index related to iron mineralization. The integration of selected remote sensing methods allowed the identification of gabbro, granites, gneiss, and mylonites with iron-oxides, hydroxyl/clay, and ferrous occurrences as potential mineralization in the Bonako area. The analysis of lineaments illustrated two main structural trends (N-S and NE-SW) and an accessory one (E-W) in the study area. Merging these with the identified formations highlighted the formations with mineral deposits. Subsequently, the lithological maps displaying alteration minerals and lineaments were validated by fieldwork investigations and microscopic data. Quantitatively, the overall accuracy of the SAM method is 100 %, which also validates the effectiveness of the classification of lithologies using Landsat 9 OLI data. This research predicts how the integration and processing of Landsat 9 OLI, Fuzzy, ASTER data, and field investigations can simplify the identification of rock units with potentially mineralized zone. It also suggests that such a combined method is useful in defining targeted mineralized areas during exploration research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100582,"journal":{"name":"Geosystems and Geoenvironment","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delineation of concealed banded iron formations (BIFs) below the Kurnool sediments in Palnadu Sub-basin, Macherla region, Cuddapah Basin through 3D inversion of aeromagnetic data","authors":"D. Seshu,&nbsp;K․Satish Kumar,&nbsp;P. Sivasankar,&nbsp;Prakash Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2025.100357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2025.100357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Long linear high-intensity aeromagnetic anomalies are observed south of Vijayapuri to Macherla region, Cuddapah basin. The source of these magnetic anomalies is exposed and concealed BIFs with alternate layers of magnetite and quartzite. These BIFs are associated with greenstone belts of the Archean age capped by Kurnool and Cuddaph sediments. The review studies of the present work observed the (i) NW-SE, NE-SW, N-S and E-W trending magnetic linear features corroborated with the identified structural features, (ii) three bipolar magnetic zones (A, B and C) are identified from south of Vijapuri to Macherla, (iii) the nature of the magnetic anomalies at the south of Vijayapuri and south of Macherla alike and existing structural fabric might be responsible for the presence of different characteristics of the anomalies in these regions, (iv) 3D analysis of magnetic zones A, B and C show the presence of three isolated causative sources with susceptibility contrast of 0.115 SI existing from the surface to a depth of 2600 m from south of Vijayapuri to Muthukuru. (v) It is inferred from the 3D model studies, exposed BIFs at Vijayapuri region are dipping towards Macherla from the surface to extend up to a depth of 2600 m associated with amphibolites and might consist of alternative layers of magnetite and quartzite. (vi) The expression of NW-SE, NE-SW, N-S and E-W trending surface geological and magnetic structural lineations provided clues to the study area structurally disturbed and the accumulation of sediments in this region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100582,"journal":{"name":"Geosystems and Geoenvironment","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Australian critical metal exploration for analogues of Chinese ionic-clay REE deposits","authors":"Allan Trench ,&nbsp;Liang Zhang ,&nbsp;David I. Groves ,&nbsp;David Crook ,&nbsp;Nigel W. Brand","doi":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2024.100293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2024.100293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The clean energy transition has focused attention on the critical metals required for manufacture of new energy technologies. The extremely heterogeneous distribution of critical metal mineral deposits requires that countries must make new discoveries of key critical metals to avoid potential future geopolitical risks. Although Australia has REE resources, they are mainly of LREEs, so deposit styles with significant HREEs are key targets. The most obvious are the so-called ionic-clay REE deposits of southern China that are the major global suppliers of HREEs. Mineral exploration in Australia using the Chinese model is producing hitherto unrecognized REE concentrations, here termed regolith-hosted REE mineralization, in a variety of regolith types in several weathering environments, particularly in Western and South Australia. Amongst these has been the discovery of near-surface, regolith-hosted REE mineralization in the Albany-Fraser Orogen which has the potential to complement REE production from the giant Mount Weld carbonatite and other monazite-sand deposits in Western Australia. Widespread near-surface, regolith-hosted REE mineralization is present over an area of 12,000 km² in the Esperance District. As much of this area is beneath barren Eocene-aged cover clays, all the new REE discoveries have been made, and are being delineated using shallow drilling, to depths of less than 80 m. The exploration implication is that the search space for regolith hosted REE deposits in Western Australia remains immature. These recently discovered deposits have both similarities and contrasts with geological features of ionic clay hosted REE deposits in China. Similarities include their apparent paragenesis and geometry, particularly their blanket morphology, sub-horizontal and gentle dips, and the common, but not exclusive, relationship with felsic basement terranes. However, Western Australian prospects are related to Upper Cretaceous to Eocene climates rather than more recent weathering under sub-tropical conditions. Whether the deposits can be developed to production remains unclear, with project economics tied closely to the efficacy of mineral processing technologies that target high REE extraction rates and recoveries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100582,"journal":{"name":"Geosystems and Geoenvironment","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconstructing ancient vegetation, climate, depositional setting and ecology of the West Bokaro Coalfield, India: Insights from megafloristics and palynofacies","authors":"Soumyashree Nanda ,&nbsp;Shreerup Goswami ,&nbsp;Neha Aggarwal ,&nbsp;Debashish Das","doi":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2024.100334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2024.100334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the ancient vegetation, climate, depositional setting, and ecology of the West Bokaro Coalfield, with a focus on megafloral and palynofacies analyses from the Parej East Open Cast Project (OCP). The floral assemblage includes 23 taxa, notably 17 species of <em>Glossopteris</em>, along with <em>Noeggerathiopsis hislopii</em> and Equisetales. This research records two new species of <em>Glossopteris</em> (i.e., <em>Glossopteris lanceolatus</em> and <em>Glossopteris subtilis</em>) and a new record of <em>Noeggerathiopsis hislopii</em> from this coalfield. The palynofacies study, indicates a low-energy, distal depositional environment with flooded palaeomires during the late Artinskian age. The palaeofloral assemblage represents a systematic morphological evolution in a comparatively cooler climate with enough rainfall, calm wind conditions and moderate intensity of light throughout the lower Barakar sedimentation in the Parej East area of West Bokaro Coalfield. The presence of Karharbari flora indicates the survival of older floral elements during the early Barakar sedimentation. The findings provide new insights into the palaeoenvironment of this important Gondwana basin, enriching our understanding of the interplay between climate, vegetation, and depositional processes during the Permian.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100582,"journal":{"name":"Geosystems and Geoenvironment","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Will future copper resources and supply be adequate to meet the net zero emission goal?","authors":"Pietro Guj ,&nbsp;Richard Schodde","doi":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2024.100320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2024.100320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fact that in recent times mineral exploration has been disappointing and that transition to clean energy to achieve net zero emission by 2050 will place extraordinary pressure on copper demand, are beyond dispute. The critical question is to what extent will copper supply be capable of satisfying growing demand in a net zero future. Reality is that global copper resources have been growing significantly and steadily for decades despite increasing mine production. Besides, with dwindling exploration discoveries, this increase is primarily attributable to expansion of the resources of existing deposits through a combination of better progressive delineation and re-assessment of classification of resources in response to economic and technological changes, the so-called Australasian Joint Ore Reserves Committee (JORC) ‘modifying factors’. Analysis of MinEx Consulting's global mineral deposit database indicates that just the resources of deposits discovered since 2010 have been growing at estimated Compound Annual Growth Rates (CAGRs) in the range 7.5% to 15.5%, but greater additional tonnage is associated with deposits discovered before 2010. The result is that tens of millions of tonnes of copper are added to the inventory each year, notwithstanding increasing production and mounting Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) pressure sterilising some deposits. In essence, copper supply shortages are unlikely to result from depletion of copper resources but rather from possible inadequacy of mining and processing capacity. Geopolitical supply risk is also low compared to some other critical metals (e.g., Co and Ni) on account of the large number and geographical dispersion of copper deposits. Increases in price due to a perception of impending scarcity will ensure that future capacity will, at a minimum, continue to grow along its historical 3% CAGR. In addition, it will create strong incentives for above-trend capacity utilisation and improvement in recycling collection and recovery. This will be followed by acceleration of expansion of capacity at many existing mines, and development of deposits at the advanced feasibility stage, releasing copper to market at lower capital cost and on shorter timeframes than exploring for and developing new mines. Estimates of possible levels of above-trend increments in capacity for the various components of the current copper endowment show that, while shortages may occur, they will not be as serious as currently generally expected. This does not mean that net zero emission may not be delayed beyond 2050, but it is more likely that it may be delayed by a range of other constrains and impediments unrelated to availability of copper, and that such delays may give copper supply breathing time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100582,"journal":{"name":"Geosystems and Geoenvironment","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical metals: Their mineral systems and exploration","authors":"Daniel Müller ,&nbsp;David I. Groves ,&nbsp;M. Santosh ,&nbsp;Cheng-Xue Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2024.100323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2024.100323","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Complex geological formation processes under a variety of tectonic regimes have led to a heterogeneous global distribution of the critical metal resources that will be increasingly in demand due to Net Zero and the clean energy transition. Although brownfield exploration around existing mines can add to inventories of some critical metals, including copper in the short to medium term, all mines have a finite life with many historical giants already exhausted. Therefore, without a revolution in metal recycling, successful global greenfield exploration is of key importance.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;If greenfield exploration is to supply a significant proportion of critical metals to meet future supply for a sustainable economic future, it is imperative that superior conceptual models are employed for initial ground selection. This requires an understanding of the critical components of the wide variety of metallic mineral systems that contain these critical metals and their temporal distribution and tectonic settings. Greenfield exploration faces numerous challenges as new discoveries are commonly concealed by younger sedimentary cover and they occur in increasingly remote terrains and at greater depths, resulting in declining discovery rates despite rising budgets.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Some mineral systems have high preservation potential and are distributed within well-established temporal ranges in Earth history. These systems include orogenic gold, VMS-type Cu-Pb-Zn, intrusion-hosted Ni-Cu±PGE, carbonatite REE, and SEDEX, MVT, Broken Hill-type, and Zambian-type base-metal systems. Understanding the temporal range and tectonic setting of such critical mineral systems aids conceptual targeting to define new exploration spaces. However, many of the Precambrian critical mineral deposits within these systems are now situated in subdued topography and have experienced regolith development such that they have thick cover ranging from desert sands to thick complex regolith, to glacial till. All scenarios represent technical and financial challenges in terms of successful exploration using increasingly sophisticated remote sensing, geophysical, and geochemical survey methodologies.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;A contrasting conceptual targeting scenario is provided by critical mineral systems that formed in convergent margin arc settings or in marginal terrestrial sedimentary basins. These include widespread porphyry-skarn Cu-Au-Mo systems, both high- and low-sulfidation epithermal Au-Ag systems, and more geographically restricted IRGD and Carlin-type systems. Where tectonic uplift rates are high, critical metal deposits of these systems are rapidly eroded and have low preservation potential and hence are largely confined to the Cenozoic with only rare systems beyond the late Mesozoic. Conceptual exploration is less challenging for this group as they are commonly situated in mountainous terrains where remote sensing spectral surveys are effective and deposit footprints are large due to v","PeriodicalId":100582,"journal":{"name":"Geosystems and Geoenvironment","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100323"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal impact of particulate matter exposure on urinary health of mine workers in iron ore mining environment","authors":"Vibhanshu Vaibhav Singh ,&nbsp;Aron Rodrick Lakra ,&nbsp;Sneha Gautam","doi":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2024.100342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2024.100342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exposure to particulate matter (PM) in opencast iron ore mines poses a significant health risk to mine workers, particularly impacting urinary health. This study specifically examines how mining activities influence urinary parameters in employees, with a focus on how seasonal variations – such as shifts between monsoon and winter – intensify these effects. Through real-time analysis of air pollutants including PM₁, PM_2.5, PM₁₀, CO₂, and HCHO, we captured critical seasonal fluctuations in pollutant concentrations across different mining departments.</div><div>Urine samples from workers in diverse departments were rigorously analyzed for glucose levels, elemental concentrations, and other health indicators. Advanced regression and correlation analyses revealed strong associations between urine markers and PM exposure, with exceptionally high R² values across departments: 0.984 for excavation, 1.000 for crushing, 0.969 for downhill, 0.963 for screening, and 0.992 for loading, indicating a precise relationship. Low mean squared error (MSE) and root mean squared error (RMSE) values further underscored the model's predictive accuracy. Seasonal variations showed a clear impact on exposure levels, with the overall relevance percentage between monsoon and winter seasons approximating 39.24%, underscoring the added health burden during seasonal transitions. The results indicate that workers' health is clearly affected by exposure to mining-related air pollutants, as shown by the urine analysis, which revealed elevated levels of occupationally relevant elements. These findings highlight the need for proactive air quality monitoring and targeted mitigation strategies in mining environments to protect worker health, offering critical insights for policymakers and occupational health professionals focused on improving safety standards in mining operations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100582,"journal":{"name":"Geosystems and Geoenvironment","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of quality groundwater through lineament delineation in Okene and its surroudings","authors":"Oluwatoyin Khadijat Olomo,&nbsp;Onimisi Abdulmalik Danga,&nbsp;Abdullateef O. Aliyu","doi":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2024.100350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2024.100350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research addresses the issue of unproductive boreholes in the study area and the limited information on productive aquifers. The challenging geological terrain and dense urbanization necessitate the use of integrated airborne data, namely Landsat remote sensing, geographic information systems, and aeromagnetic data, to map potential groundwater zones in Okene and its surrounding areas. The analysis utilizes remote sensing and geospatial datasets, which are slope, drainage density, and lineament density, along with aeromagnetic data interpretation. Techniques employed are first and second-order derivatives, tilt derivative, and total horizontal derivative to identify groundwater productive zones. Observations of remotely sensed lineaments indicate intersections with aeromagnetic composite lineaments, suggesting the presence of shallow and deeper lineaments in proximity. These intersection points are identified as potential zones for groundwater accumulation and development due to their characteristics of secondary porosity and high permeability. The depth to the aquiferous zone, as determined by 3-D Euler deconvolution and spectral analysis, ranges from 60 to 150 m, which is proposed as the depth for borehole drilling in the study area. The central and southeastern regions of the study area exhibit higher groundwater potential because of the high density of lineament intersection and are recommended for future groundwater development. This study illustrates the effectiveness of geospatial and aerogeophysical techniques in regional groundwater exploration to provide insights into subsurface structural disposition for locating aquiferous zones and improving groundwater management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100582,"journal":{"name":"Geosystems and Geoenvironment","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"College bus commuter exposures to air pollutants in Indian city: The urban-rural transportation exposure study","authors":"Aron Rodrick Lakra ,&nbsp;Sneha Gautam ,&nbsp;Cyril Samuel ,&nbsp;Robert Blaga","doi":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2024.100346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geogeo.2024.100346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study analyzes air quality along the Kavundampalayam transit route and across three urban regions in Coimbatore, India – Kavundampalayam, Ganapathy and Kovaiputhur – over five days during morning and evening commutes. Key pollutants monitored include PM₁, PM_2.5, PM₁₀, CO₂, formaldehyde (HCHO), and the Air Quality Index (AQI). Results show that PM_2.5 levels often exceeded the WHO's 24-hour limit, with Kovaiputhur peaking at 120.33 µg/m³ and PM₁₀ concentrations reaching 259.08 µg/m³ in Kavundampalayam. CO₂ levels varied significantly, with Ganapathy recording the highest at 1942.42 ppm, indicating traffic and industrial sources. Morning commutes exhibited higher PM levels due to vehicular emissions, while evenings showed reduced pollution. HCHO concentrations, though low (&lt;0.023 mg/m³), spiked in the evenings, suggesting emission sources later in the day. A strong correlation between CO₂ and AQI underscores the impact of anthropogenic activities on air quality. The study identifies pollution hotspots using heatmaps and temporal patterns, emphasizing the need for interventions like emission control, dust regulation, and green infrastructure. Continuous air quality monitoring is essential for sustainable urban planning, helping policymakers design strategies to reduce exposure risks and improve public health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100582,"journal":{"name":"Geosystems and Geoenvironment","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}