Evidence-based Healthcare最新文献

{"title":"Six monthly follow-up is as effective as 3 monthly follow-up for people with hypertension","authors":"M. Nelson","doi":"10.1016/J.EHBC.2004.05.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EHBC.2004.05.020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100512,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Healthcare","volume":"14 1","pages":"183-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86340996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lowering homocysteine levels does not reduce rates of stroke, coronary heart disease or death in people with ischaemic stroke","authors":"Yi-Chia Huang","doi":"10.1016/J.EHBC.2004.05.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EHBC.2004.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100512,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Healthcare","volume":"37 1","pages":"210-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81499936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver cancer screening in a high-risk population in China fails to reduce mortality☆","authors":"S. Saab","doi":"10.1016/J.EHBC.2004.05.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EHBC.2004.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100512,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Healthcare","volume":"17 1","pages":"221-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90804163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabinoids do not reduce objective measurements in muscle spasticity, but people with multiple sclerosis perceive some benefit☆","authors":"F. Grotenhermen","doi":"10.1016/J.EHBC.2004.03.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EHBC.2004.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100512,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Healthcare","volume":"6 4 1","pages":"159-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87728923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nurse-led intervention increases smoking cessation among people with coronary heart disease","authors":"David W Brown (Commentary Author)","doi":"10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Question</h3><p>What is the effect of a nurse-led intervention on smoking cessation in people admitted to hospital for coronary heart disease?</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Randomised controlled trial.</p></div><div><h3>Main results</h3><p>The nurse-led smoking cessation intervention increased smoking cessation rates at 12 months (AR for quitting: 50% (57/114) with intervention v 37% (4/119) with control; absolute risk reduction 13%, 95% CI 0% to 26%; NNT 8, 95% CI 4 to 250; conservative intention to treat analysis).</p></div><div><h3>Authors’ conclusions</h3><p>A nurse-led smoking cessation program was effective in people who had been admitted to hospital for coronary heart disease. The extended duration of the intervention may have been an important factor.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100512,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Healthcare","volume":"8 3","pages":"Pages 128-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71829112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High intensity counselling or behavioural interventions can result in moderate weight loss","authors":"Eamonn Slevin DNSc,PG Dip Adv Nursing,BSc,RN (Commentary Author)","doi":"10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Question</h3><p>How effective and safe are screening methods and treatments for obesity?</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Systematic review with narrative synthesis.</p></div><div><h3>Main results</h3><p>The review found no RCTs that studied the efficacy of obesity screening. Recent RCTs found that high intensity counselling or behavioural interventions and pharmacological interventions could result in moderate weight loss (see Table 1). The RCTs found that side effects were common (11 to 79%) with pharmacological treatment but not usually serious. Three RCTs found no significant differences in weight loss among different methods of gastric banding surgery (open vs. laparoscopic) or different placements of the gastric band (oesophogastric vs. retrogastric; gastric vs. oesophogastric). All gastric banding groups experienced considerable weight loss (from 17<!--> <!-->kg to over 40<!--> <!-->kg at 1–2 years follow-up). The RCTs did not report on mortality, but one large cohort study of different surgical techniques reported post-operative mortality of 0.2%.<span><div><div><table><tbody><tr><td>Table 1 Summary of outcomes of recent RCTs</td></tr><tr><td>Intervention</td><td>Number RCTs^∗</td><td>RCTs finding significant (<em>P</em>⩽0.05) benefit with intervention</td><td>Mean weight loss difference versus control (kg)^†</td><td>Follow up (months)</td></tr><tr><td><em>Counselling/behavioural</em></td></tr><tr><td>High intensity</td><td>6</td><td>4</td><td>Up to −5.5</td><td>12 to 54</td></tr><tr><td>Moderate intensity</td><td>2</td><td>1</td><td>−0.25 to −3.5</td><td>12 to 18</td></tr><tr><td>Low intensity</td><td>3</td><td>1</td><td>NR</td><td>12 to 36</td></tr><tr><td><em>Pharmacological</em></td></tr><tr><td>Sibutramine</td><td>6</td><td>5</td><td>−2.8 to −7.8</td><td>6 to 12</td></tr><tr><td>Orlistat</td><td>7</td><td>6</td><td>+0.5 to −4.5</td><td>6 to 12.5</td></tr><tr><td>Metformin</td><td>2</td><td>1</td><td>Up to −2.0</td><td>6 to 33.6</td></tr><tr><td>^∗Placebo/no treatment/usual care controlled RCTs not included in previous systematic reviews.</td></tr><tr><td>^†Where reported; NR=not reported</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></span></p></div><div><h3>Authors’ conclusions</h3><p>Counselling or behavioural interventions and pharmacotherapy can result in moderate weight loss (approximately 3 to 5<!--> <!-->kg) over at least 6–12 months. Pharmacotherapy does have adverse effects. Surgery results in considerable weight loss in very obese people, but there is a risk of mortality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100512,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Healthcare","volume":"8 3","pages":"Pages 136-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71829085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Framingham equations overestimate risk of coronary heart disease mortality in British males","authors":"Mandeep Singh","doi":"10.1016/J.EHBC.2004.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EHBC.2004.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100512,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Healthcare","volume":"2 1","pages":"131-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73260272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addition of artesunate to standard antimalarial drugs reduces treatment failure","authors":"T. Davis","doi":"10.1016/J.EHBC.2004.03.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EHBC.2004.03.020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100512,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Healthcare","volume":"15 1","pages":"156-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82506168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast-feeding has little effect on blood pressure in later life","authors":"Undurti N Das MD, FAMS (Commentary Author)","doi":"10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Question</h3><p>Is breast feeding, compared with bottle feeding with formula milk, associated with lower mean blood pressure in later life?</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Systematic review with meta-analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Main results</h3><p>Twenty four studies were identified (12 cross-sectional studies, 11 cohort studies and one randomised controlled trial). Average systolic blood pressure was significantly lower in people who were breast fed as an infant compared with infants that were bottle fed (−1.10<!--> <!-->mmHg, 95% CI -1.78 to -0.42<!--> <!-->mmHg). There was no significant difference in diastolic blood pressure between feeding groups. However, there was significant heterogeneity across studies (see Notes), so these results should be interpreted with caution.</p></div><div><h3>Authors’ conclusions</h3><p>Breast feeding in infancy has at best, a modest effect on systolic blood pressure in later life compared with bottle feeding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100512,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Healthcare","volume":"8 3","pages":"Pages 145-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71829107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient satisfaction questionnaires equally acceptable to patients","authors":"Stephen J Aragon PhD,MHA (Commentary Author) ,&nbsp;Michael C Edwards MA (Commentary Author)","doi":"10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Question</h3><p>What is the patient perception and acceptability of four patient satisfaction questionnaires?</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Randomised controlled trial.</p></div><div><h3>Main results</h3><p>There was no significant difference among questionnaires in proportion of responders, proportion of participants who found at least one question difficult to understand or poorly designed, or proportion of participants rating the questionnaire as excellent on global assessment (see Table 1). The Picker questionnaire took the longest to complete and had the most missing responses, but was the least likely to not cover important areas regarding hospital stay or have difficult to understand, poorly designed questions (see Table 1).<span><div><div><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Table 1</strong> Outcomes of patient satisfaction questionnaires</td></tr><tr><td>Outcomes</td><td>Questionnaires</td><td><em>P</em> value</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Lausanne <em>n</em>=727</td><td>PJS <em>n</em>=733</td><td>Picker <em>n</em>=715</td><td>Sequs <em>n</em>=702</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Responders (%)</td><td>72.8</td><td>70.7</td><td>69.9</td><td>67.8</td><td>0.27</td></tr><tr><td>Mean time to complete (min)</td><td>13.2</td><td>12.5</td><td>19.3</td><td>13.4</td><td>&lt;0.001</td></tr><tr><td>Responses missing per item (%)</td><td>1.1</td><td>1.9</td><td>3.1</td><td>1.6</td><td>&lt;0.001</td></tr><tr><td>Participants reporting at least one question difficult to comprehend or poorly designed (%)</td><td>18.7</td><td>18.7</td><td>17.2</td><td>20.0</td><td>0.75</td></tr><tr><td>Participants reporting at least one important area not covered (%)</td><td>28.9</td><td>38.8</td><td>28.2</td><td>39.1</td><td>&lt;0.001</td></tr><tr><td>Participants rating questionnaire as excellent on global assessment (%)</td><td>11.0</td><td>11.9</td><td>14.6</td><td>11.5</td><td>0.37</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></span></p></div><div><h3>Authors’ conclusions</h3><p>No one questionnaire was consistently better than the others; each questionnaire has advantages and disadvantages. All four questionnaires are appropriate for use in patient satisfaction surveys.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100512,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Healthcare","volume":"8 3","pages":"Pages 125-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71829081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}