Evidence-based Healthcare最新文献_第6页

Risk of venous thromboembolism greatest within two weeks of long-haul flight 长途飞行两周内静脉血栓栓塞的风险最大

Evidence-based Healthcare Pub Date : 2004-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.017

Fabrice Paganin MD,PhD (Commentary Author)

{"title":"Risk of venous thromboembolism greatest within two weeks of long-haul flight","authors":"Fabrice Paganin MD,PhD (Commentary Author)","doi":"10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Question</h3><p>After a long haul flight, when are people at greatest risk of developing deep vein thrombosis?</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Retrospective review and record linkage study.</p></div><div><h3>Main results</h3><p>Of the 13,184 people admitted to a Western Australia hospital during 1981–1999 with a primary diagnosis of venous thromboembolism, 5408 (41%) had arrived on an international flight sometime during the same 18 year period. Of these, 153 Australian citizens and 438 non-Australian citizens were admitted within 100 days of flight arrival (see Table 1). Venous thromboembolism was significantly more likely within the first 14 days of flight arrival for both Australian and non-Australian citizens, compared with the number of events expected under the assumption of a uniform distribution across 100 days (<em>P</em><0.001 for both comparisons). However, these results may have limited generalisability (see notes).<span><div><div><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Table 1</strong> Observed and expected venous thromboembolism events by time (days) since flight arrival.</td></tr><tr><td>Citizenship</td><td>Days since most recent flight arrival</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>0–14</td><td>15–30</td><td>31–60</td><td>61–100</td><td>Total</td></tr><tr><td><em>Australian</em></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Observed</td><td>46</td><td>23</td><td>32</td><td>52</td><td>153</td></tr><tr><td>Expected<sup>*</sup></td><td>102.6</td><td>113.2</td><td>212.3</td><td>283.0</td><td>711.1</td></tr><tr><td><em>Non-Australian</em></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Observed</td><td>200</td><td>69</td><td>78</td><td>91</td><td>438</td></tr><tr><td>Expected<sup>†</sup></td><td>105.3</td><td>116.2</td><td>217.9</td><td>290.5</td><td>729.9</td></tr><tr><td><sup>*</sup>Estimated from the total number of arrivals of Australian citizens in Western Australia (4.8 million) and the age- and sex-specific baseline rates for venous thromboembolism in the Western Australian population. There were consistently fewer observed venous thromboembolism events than expected events, suggesting a ‘healthy traveller effect’.</td></tr><tr><td><sup>†</sup>Also estimated from the baseline rates for venous thromboembolism in the Western Australian population.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></span></p></div><div><h3>Authors’ conclusions</h3><p>There appears to be an increased risk of venous thromboembolism for 2 weeks after arrival from a long-haul flight.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100512,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Healthcare","volume":"8 3","pages":"Pages 133-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71829088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Biennial screening mammography is cost effective in healthy women aged over 65 years 在65岁以上的健康妇女中，两年一次的乳房x光检查具有成本效益

Evidence-based Healthcare Pub Date : 2004-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.015

Patricia A Carney PhD (Commentary Author)

引用次数: 1

Breast-feeding has little effect on blood pressure in later life 母乳喂养对以后的血压几乎没有影响

Evidence-based Healthcare Pub Date : 2004-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.011

Undurti N Das MD, FAMS (Commentary Author)

引用次数: 3

Addition of artesunate to standard antimalarial drugs reduces treatment failure 在标准抗疟药物中加入青蒿琥酯可减少治疗失败

Evidence-based Healthcare Pub Date : 2004-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/J.EHBC.2004.03.020

T. Davis

引用次数: 1

Length of hospital stay for elderly people is substantially higher in the NHS compared with Kaiser Permanente and US Medicare programmes 与Kaiser Permanente和美国医疗保险计划相比，NHS中老年人的住院时间要长得多

Evidence-based Healthcare Pub Date : 2004-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/J.EHBC.2004.03.016

D. Sklar

引用次数: 1

Magnesium sulphate given before birth does not significantly reduce death or cerebral palsy in premature babies, but may improve motor dysfunction☆ 出生前给予硫酸镁不能显著减少早产儿死亡或脑瘫，但可能改善运动功能障碍☆

Evidence-based Healthcare Pub Date : 2004-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/J.EHBC.2004.03.003

A. Gunn, L. Bennet

引用次数: 0

A community-based disease management program for postmyocardial infarction reduces hospital readmissions compared with usual care 与常规护理相比，以社区为基础的心肌梗死后疾病管理方案减少了再入院率

Evidence-based Healthcare Pub Date : 2004-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.013

Jalal K Ghali MD (Commentary Author)

{"title":"A community-based disease management program for postmyocardial infarction reduces hospital readmissions compared with usual care","authors":"Jalal K Ghali MD (Commentary Author)","doi":"10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Question</h3><p>Do community-based disease management programs for patients recovering from myocardial infarction reduce hospital readmissions compared with usual care?</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Randomized controlled trial.</p></div><div><h3>Main results</h3><p>Disease management programme-based care (DMP) significantly reduced hospital re-admission days compared with usual care in patients recovering from myocardial infarction (number of readmission days for angina, congestive heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease per follow-up days: <span><math><mtext>114</mtext><mtext>30,823</mtext></math></span> with DMP vs. <span><math><mtext>200</mtext><mtext>34,021</mtext></math></span> with usual care; incidence density ratio<span><sup>∗</sup></span> (IDR): 1.59, 95% CI 1.27 to 2.00; <em>P</em><0.001; number of all-cause hospital readmission days: <span><math><mtext>483</mtext><mtext>30,823</mtext></math></span> with DMP vs. <span><math><mtext>814</mtext><mtext>34,021</mtext></math></span> with usual care; IDR: 1.53, 95% CI 1.37 to 1.71; <em>P</em><0.001). There was no significant difference in mortality after discharge between groups (8 with DMP vs. 11 with usual care; <em>P</em>>0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Authors’ Conclusions</h3><p>A community-based disease management program successfully reduced hospitalisation days for patients recovering from myocardial infarction compared with usual care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100512,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Healthcare","volume":"8 3","pages":"Pages 119-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71829089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Treatment of unilateral visual impairment in preschool children modestly improves visual acuity 学龄前儿童单侧视力障碍的治疗可适度改善视力

Evidence-based Healthcare Pub Date : 2004-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.002

Maria S Castanes MPH (Commentary Author)

{"title":"Treatment of unilateral visual impairment in preschool children modestly improves visual acuity","authors":"Maria S Castanes MPH (Commentary Author)","doi":"10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Question</h3><p>How effective is treatment for unilateral visual impairment detected by preschool vision screening?</p></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><p>Multicentre randomised controlled trial.</p></div><div><h3>Main Results</h3><p>Glasses plus patch treatment slightly but significantly improved visual acuity (both uncorrected and best corrected) compared with no treatment in children with mild to moderate unilateral visual impairment at 52 weeks (see Table 1; see notes). Glasses alone modestly improved best corrected visual acuity compared with no treatment; however there was no significant difference in uncorrected visual acuity between these groups.<span><div><div><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Table 1</strong> LogMAR visual acuity scores by treatment group at 52 weeks.</td></tr><tr><td>Visual acuity</td><td>No treatment</td><td>Glasses alone</td><td>Glasses plus Patch</td></tr><tr><td></td><td>Mean logMAR</td><td>Mean logMAR</td><td>Mean difference (95% CI) from no treatment</td><td>Mean logMAR</td><td>Mean difference (95% CI) from no treatment</td></tr><tr><td>Uncorrected</td><td>0.424</td><td>0.381</td><td>0.043 (-0.05 to 0.013)</td><td>0.336</td><td>0.088 (0.01 to 0.17)</td></tr><tr><td>Best corrected</td><td>0.301</td><td>0.216</td><td>0.085 (0.02 to 0.15)</td><td>0.193</td><td>0.109 (0.05 to 0.17)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></span></p></div><div><h3>Authors’ conclusions</h3><p>Treatment with glasses alone or in combination with patches can modestly improve visual acuity in children with mild to moderate unilateral visual impairment, compared with no treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100512,"journal":{"name":"Evidence-based Healthcare","volume":"8 3","pages":"Pages 174-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71829105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Universal screening does not reduce the prevalence of visual impairment in older people 普遍筛查并不能降低老年人视力损害的患病率

Evidence-based Healthcare Pub Date : 2004-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehbc.2004.03.009

Robert W Enzenauer MD, MPH (Commentary Author)

引用次数: 1

Risk of AIDS increases in children aged 2 years and older with CD4 T cell percentage less than 15 CD4 T细胞百分比低于15%的2岁及以上儿童患艾滋病的风险增加

Evidence-based Healthcare Pub Date : 2004-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/J.EHBC.2004.03.019

W. Moss, D. Persaud

引用次数: 0