e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy最新文献

{"title":"Modern deep neural networks for Direct Normal Irradiance forecasting: A classification approach","authors":"Muhammad Saud Ul Hassan ,&nbsp;Kashif Liaqat ,&nbsp;Laura Schaefer ,&nbsp;Alexander J. Zolan","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100853","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100853","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The escalating energy demand and the adverse environmental impacts of fossil-fuel use necessitate a shift towards cleaner and renewable alternatives. Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) technology emerges as a promising solution, offering a carbon-free alternative for power generation. The efficiency and profitability of CSP depend on the Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI) component of solar radiation; hence, accurate DNI forecasting can help optimize CSP plants’ operations and performance. The unpredictable nature of weather phenomena, particularly cloud cover, introduces uncertainty into DNI projections. Existing DNI forecasting models use meteorological factors, which are both challenging to estimate numerically over short prediction windows and expensive to model through data at a sufficiently high spatial and temporal resolution. This research addresses the challenge by presenting a novel approach that formulates DNI prediction as a multi-class classification problem, departing from conventional regression-based methods. The primary objective of this classification framework is to identify optimal periods aligning with specific operational thresholds for CSP plants, contributing to enhanced dispatch optimization strategies. We model the DNI classification problem using four advanced deep neural networks – rectified linear unit (ReLU) networks, 1D residual networks (ResNets), bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) networks, and transformers – achieving accuracies up to 93.5% without requiring meteorological parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100853"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A deep learning model for fault detection in distribution networks with high penetration of electric vehicle chargers","authors":"Seyed Amir Hosseini ,&nbsp;Behrooz Taheri ,&nbsp;Seyed Hossein Hesamedin Sadeghi ,&nbsp;Adel Nasiri","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integration of a significant number of domestic electrical vehicle (EV) charging stations into the power distribution infrastructure can give rise to several protection problems. Therefore, we propose a new method to detect short-circuit faults in distribution networks with high penetration of residential EV chargers. In this method, first, the features of voltage and current waveforms in various operational scenarios are extracted through a two-dimensional modeling. These features are then used to train a deep learning model based on black widow optimization bi-directional long short-term memory (BWO-BiLSTM) technique. In contrast with the conventional adaptive protection schemes, the proposed method can perform accurately in the presence of fast and unpredictable network topology, without requiring to determine a large number of threshold values to detect a fault, or relying on communication links. The effectiveness of the proposed method is investigated through a series of case studies on a modified IEEE 69-bus distribution network with a substantial penetration of residential EV chargers. The results show the proposed method's ability to detect all types of faults within 5 ms. Since it employs a machine learning algorithm for fault detection, the method's accuracy is 98.5 %, surpassing the accuracy of k-nearest neighbors (KNN) and conventional LSTM models. Additionally, the results confirm its optimal performance under noisy conditions. Even with noise in the sampled signals at a level of 10 dB, the method's accuracy remains higher than that of other methods, with a value of 96.9 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100845"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-simulation methodology for electric vehicles using Matlab and Webots : Case of a golf car","authors":"Adolphe junior Loga Paglan ,&nbsp;R. Christian Gamom Ngounou Ewo ,&nbsp;Serge Raoul Dzonde Naoussi","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research focused on electric vehicles is increasingly numerous, regularly relying on design methods on the traction chain, ergonomics and autonomy, thus undermining the passage necessary for the realization of a prototype that is simulation. This paper propose a methodology for co-simulating electric vehicles in a 3D environment impacting on a traction chain developed in Matlab. According to ISO 4138:2004(E), using open-loop test methods refers to an approach for analyzing vehicle dynamics and performance when maintaining a constant circular trajectory at a steady speed. This work use the constant-speed and varied steering-wheel angle test method, mesure yaw rate, lateral velocity and calculate side slip angle. The simulation results show that the combination of Webots and MATLAB, while adhering to the dynamic modeling of an electric vehicle, is an excellent option for simulation testing. This integration allows for realistic simulations, leveraging Webots' advanced 3D robotics environment and MATLAB's robust computational capabilities, to model vehicle dynamics, control strategies, and performance in diverse scenarios. This co-simulation approach provides a powerful platform for validating and optimizing electric vehicle designs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100848"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two decades of statistical approach in reliability prediction of power converters","authors":"Divya Navamani J ,&nbsp;Boopathi K","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100851","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100851","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Various statistical methods are employed to predict the reliability of electronic components and monitor improvements in reliability. This article conducts a comprehensive study of statistical approaches for predicting the reliability of power converters, as reported in the literature. The analysis focuses on three statistical methods: MIL-HDBK-217F, FIDES, and RIAC. Among these, the military handbook MIL-HDBK-217F has been a dominant tool for failure analysis over the past two decades. The general formulas used for failure rate analysis of power converter parts with each of the three approaches are presented. The study also reviews and discusses failure rate analysis for components and modules in power converters, both with and without fault-tolerant capabilities, as documented in the literature using MIL-HDBK-217F, FIDES, and other statistical approaches. Finally, the paper outlines the conclusions drawn from the study and highlights the main limitations of the three methods. This article serves as a resource for researchers working on fault analysis in power converters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100851"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142707250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Piecewise affine modeling of parallel boost converter in a DC microgrid and its control application by utilizing a Linear Matrix Inequality approach","authors":"Wakhyu Dwiono ,&nbsp;Bambang R. Trilaksono ,&nbsp;Tri Desmana Rachmildha ,&nbsp;Arwindra Rizqiawan","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Piecewise Affine (PWA) model approximates nonlinear systems using linear models within specific regions. This approach offers advantages for designing DC microgrid control systems with linear controllers, mainly when the system includes several nonlinear DC–DC boost converters. The boundaries of the PWA model can be established using straightforward methods based on duty cycle partitions. Each duty-cycle region represents a distinct operational mode of the system characterized by unique dynamic equations. This study presents a formulation for deriving the PWA model of a parallel boost converter based on its nonlinear average dynamics resulting from the multiplication of states and inputs. An average dynamics model for the parallel boost converter is also introduced and employed in the deriving formulation. Moreover, computer simulations were conducted to analyze the PWA models of parallel boost converter dynamics, employing various partitions, comparing their behaviors among themselves and against those of the Matlab Simulink model. Furthermore, laboratory experiments were conducted by implementing a controller based on Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMI), designed using the PWA model of the parallel boost converter, to regulate the converter’s output voltage. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the PWA models of parallel boost converter dynamics closely align with those of the average model, making it well-suited for being controlled using a linear controller.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100844"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142707249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of SAR mitigation implementing millimeter wave antenna with FSS-based absorber for 5 G application","authors":"Nada N. Tawfeeq,&nbsp;Adheed H. Sallomi","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this article, an FSS-based absorber has been developed and utilized to mitigate the specific absorption rate of a millimeter-wave antenna loaded with an inter-digital capacitor (IDC) for 5 G applications. SAR mitigation of millimeter-wave antennas is one of the aspects to be considered for next-generation applications. The addition of a triple-band absorber operating at 28, 60, and 73 GHz reduces the SAR value by blocking radiation on the antenna's backside. This approach lowered the value of the SAR by 75 % and more through the targeted operating bands, diminished significantly the SAR distribution, and increased the antenna gain. In accordance with the Federal Communications Commission and International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) regulations, a decrease in SAR values signify a decrement in radiation absorption by human tissue, thereby lowering the likelihood of health risks from electromagnetic radiation. Rogers RT-Duroid 5880 serves as the antenna's substrate, while epoxy resin fiber (FR-4) is used for the absorber. The investigation's findings in the constructed antenna sample with the incorporated absorber demonstrate that the modeled and observed results correspond well, demonstrating the viability and effectiveness of the unique design in SAR mitigation in millimeter wave bands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100849"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142707248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance evaluation of solar PV integrated with custom power device under various load conditions","authors":"Mangalapuri Sravani,&nbsp;Polamraju V.S. Sobhan","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The non-linear properties and rapid switching of power electronic equipment are the primary causes of power quality issues in power systems, particularly in the power distribution systems. The widespread use of delicate equipment, which continuously pollutes the environment, is making power quality problems worse. The increasing integration of renewable energy sources into the generation mix and the decarburization of the economy have created new challenges for smart grid technology, requiring creative solutions such as energy storage systems and smart transformers. This article describes a solar photovoltaic integrated Unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) that uses a deep learning method based on neural networks and a novel compensating technique. Here, two Deep Neural Network algorithms are used, one in the solar PV system to obtain the maximum power under various irradiance situations, and the other to manage the UPQC under various load conditions. When compared to the conventional UPQC based on PQ Theory, DNN-UPQC produces superior results in terms of reducing total harmonic distortion. This iterative strategy, which is focused on soft computing, provides faster convergence to the target condition while maintaining the updating weight within a predetermined limit. PV-based UPQC has been connected individually to reduce voltage sag, swell, and unbalance in variable load conditions. The system's dynamic and steady state performance are assessed by modelling it with a MATLAB-Simulink in different load condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100843"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing renewable energy: A quadratic high-efficiency high gain step-up DC/DC converter","authors":"Preeti Sharma ,&nbsp;Sara Hasanpour ,&nbsp;Rajneesh Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Presenting a new high-gain converter that incorporates a coupled inductor, this paper offers a range of advantages over existing designs. The circuit features a simple structure with two cascade semi-stages, two power switches operating in sync, and a coupled inductor. It provides an extensive output voltage range, ensures continuous input current with minimal ripple, maintains positive output voltage polarity, and follows a standard ground configuration. These features make it well-suited for various applications, particularly in photovoltaic systems. Additionally, the voltage stress across each power switch is significantly lower than that of other boost converters, allowing for the selection of power MOSFETs with reduced drain-source ON resistance to ensure high efficiency. This research presents comprehensive assessments of the steady-state and stress conditions as well as thorough comparisons with other similar converters operating in continuous conduction mode. Theoretical advantages of the proposed circuit design are further reinforced by experimental results obtained from a 200-W step-up 25–370 V arrangement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100847"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142707243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New design of an intelligent electromagnetic torque controller based on neural network and fractional calculus: Variable-speed wind energy systems application","authors":"Yattou El Fadili,&nbsp;Ismail Boumhidi","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To achieve high efficiency of the electricity production for wind turbines, an improved controller has a crucial role in achieving this goal by capturing the most wind energy based on the maximum power point tracking approach. This research paper suggests a new nonlinear controller design to control the electromagnetic torque for horizontal-axis variable-speed wind power with three blades connected to the grid to render them more profitable and efficient in terms of the highest rate of electricity production. This proposed controller binds the sliding mode (SM) with the fractional calculus (FC) and the neural network (NN) to exploit the benefits of each technique. The SM is a popular technique and is the most used in controlling nonlinear systems. The effectiveness of the SM is shown in its ability to stabilize the system, drive it to the desired state in a finite time, and reduce the sensitivity to parameter variations. However, the main drawback of SM is the chattering phenomenon. This phenomenon refers to the high-frequency oscillations that occur around the sliding surface. The chatter arises due to the discontinuous nature of the SM control law, which switches between different control actions to keep the system states on the sliding surface. The main contribution of this present work is to tackle this undesirable issue that can damage the system, destroy the components, and lead the system to instability. The solution lies in suggesting a new controller that combines SM, FC, and NN because the FC provides better modeling concerning the dynamic behavior by outperforming the classical operators by using the non-integer order. And, the NN aims to estimate the unknown dynamics that are incorporated in the equivalent term in SM, reduce the chattering by compensating for the uncertainties, allow the system to adjust to varying conditions related to the uncontrollable wind, and make an adaptive controller by improving its performance over time by learning the system dynamics. This proposed integration between SM, FC, and NN gives a good performance that showcases via emulation results under three different scenarios of wind speed. In addition, in each scenario, two tests are performed to prove the effectiveness of the suggested law control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100829"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142707244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation and analysis of EMQX broker for MQTT protocol in the Internet of Things","authors":"Monika Kashyap,&nbsp;Ansh Kumar Dev,&nbsp;Vidushi Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prime.2024.100846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A low-cost monitoring and data transfer system is needed that uses various protocols in the Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. Among the various available protocols for the transmission of messages such as hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP), constrained application protocol (CoAP), etc., message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) is the most widely used protocol due to its lower power consumption. Further, broker selection is the foremost task in operating the MQTT-based algorithms used in the automation. Researchers have explored several brokers. After a rigorous analysis, the EMQX broker-based MQTT protocol is investigated to transfer the data between the clients efficiently. The implementation and performance analysis of the EMQX broker-based MQTT protocol is assessed in depth with respect to the published and subscribed rates of data packets. Furthermore, new metric sets i.e. average number of messages published and subscribed and messages received with actual QoS are represented and analyzed in combinations of different quality of services (QoSs) to publish and subscribe the data. The analysis shows the efficacy of the investigated protocol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100488,"journal":{"name":"e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100846"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142707251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}