Dermatological Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Other hyaluronic acid fillers and combination fillers","authors":"Cynthia Lee,&nbsp;Carter Hebel,&nbsp;Alan Snyder,&nbsp;Todd Schlesinger","doi":"10.1002/der2.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.204","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The use of hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers has become increasingly popular in the cosmetic industry due to their efficacy and versatility. Common types of HA fillers include Restylane, Juvéderm, and Bolotero. Other various options available for HA fillers include the resilient HA fillers (RHA) collection, Revanesse versa, and Prevelle silk. The fillers can be used singularly or in combination to achieve a desired cosmetic outcome. The RHA collection line is the first FDA approved filler used to treat dynamic facial lines using a less rigid formula than earlier HA fillers and by uniquely adapting to facial movement, stretching, and repeated facial compression. Revanesse versa filler is designed to effectively address moderate to severe facial wrinkles, including nasolabial folds, with a focus on providing lasting results even after the HA filler has been absorbed. Other HA fillers such as Prevelle silk, Hydrelle, and Puragen contain 0.3% lidocaine for more tolerable treatment for moderate to severe facial lines. Examples of combination fillers include HA/botulinum toxin, HA/calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA), and HA/poly-\u0000<span>l</span>-lactic acid. To facilitate the administration of injections, HA fillers can also be mixed with agents such as lidocaine, lidocaine and epinephrine, normal saline, and sterile water to decrease viscosity. Furthermore, the use of CaHA in conjunction with microfocused ultrasound with visualization (MFU-V) has shown to enhance skin tightness and neocollagenesis. Other applications of HA include utilization of its bacteriostatic effects to coat biomedical devices, as a material for bioink and tissue-engineering, and to create novel formulations to further personalize cosmetic goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"4 3","pages":"131-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50127838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Derm reviews—Introduction to part B of Dermal Fillers","authors":"Michael H. Gold","doi":"10.1002/der2.203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.203","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"4 3","pages":"109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50146984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Work related musculoskeletal disorders among dermatologists: A review","authors":"Yara Jazzar,&nbsp;Tala Beidas,&nbsp;Asem M. Shadid,&nbsp;Carolina Demasi,&nbsp;Mohammad Abdulaziz Al Sulaiman","doi":"10.1002/der2.194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.194","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMSD's) is an entity that includes conditions and diseases that are caused or aggravated by a person's workplace conditions. Multiple studies have been published regarding WRMSD's affecting physicians among different specialties; however the prevalence and nature of WRMSD's affecting dermatologists is unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The electronic database MEDLINE was searched through PubMed and the google scholar platform in February 2022 using the following search terms: “dermatologists AND work related musculoskeletal disorders”, “dermatologists AND ergonomics”, as well as “physicians AND work related musculoskeletal disorders”. All articles involving dermatologists or dermatology residents were included in this study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our search revealed that WRMSD's among dermatologists were assessed in 11 Articles. However, Most literature addressing the topic of WRMSD's among dermatologists is focused on Mohs surgeons with only one article discussing dermatologists in general. The main complaints were pain and stiffness involving the neck, shoulders, and the lumbar area of the back, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dermatologists in general are more likely to develop WRMSD's due to the nature of their work and the procedures they perform. However, there are very few articles published regarding this matter, and consequently, little is known about the WRMDs that affect dermatologists and the ergonomic solutions that could be applied to prevent them.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"4 5","pages":"239-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68180719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to soft tissue fillers","authors":"Ross L. Pearlman,&nbsp;Sally J. W. McClung,&nbsp;Todd Schlesinger","doi":"10.1002/der2.190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.190","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soft tissue fillers have evolved since the days of bovine collagen. Currently, there are at least 20 different biodegradable soft tissue fillers in the market. The rapidly evolving technology behind these products changed the practice of esthetic medicine and expanded the cosmetic marketplace by attracting patients interested in affordable, minimally invasive procedures. In this series, we aim to review the most pertinent advances in soft tissue filler technology and their implications for clinical practice.</p><p>The first commercial fillers to gain Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval were implantable purified bovine collagen products developed by Allergan in the early 1980s (Zyderm™, Zyplast™). These products required an intradermal skin test before injection due to the risk of hypersensitivity reactions to the bovine-derived peptides.<span>¹</span> They also suffered from high manufacturing costs and short-lived clinical results.<span>²</span> The first-generation bovine collagen fillers are no longer available in the market, but several products were subsequently developed and remain in the market today in solution with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) such as Bellafill™ (Suneva Medical).</p><p>The advent of Restylane™ (Galderma) in 2003 heralded a new era for soft tissue augmentation. Restylane™ was the first filler based on cross-linking of hyaluronic acid (HA), a naturally occurring, protein-free glycosaminoglycan present in the dermis. HA retains water in the extracellular matrix of the dermis by forming a backbone for the binding of large polymer complexes with negative charges.<span>³</span> Cross-linking inhibits the enzymatic breakdown of HA products in fillers and allows for much longer duration of clinical efficacy.<span>⁴</span> Since Restylane was approved, many other HA fillers have been introduced to the market with a variety of different properties aimed at specific indications from nasolabial fold volumization to jawline contouring.</p><p>The unique cross-linking of each HA filler confers specific physical properties, which dictate the indicated uses for the product. In physics, rheology is the study of the deformation and flow of liquids. In the context of esthetic medicine, rheology refers to the study of soft tissue filler properties affecting their clinical performance. To choose the best filler for a case, the esthetic physician should consider the local physical forces including lateral sheering forces and vertical compression that will be applied to the filler. The elasticity (G′) of a filler describes its ability to resist lateral sheering forces and restore its original shape after forces are applied. The viscosity (G″) of a filler measures its inability to restore its original shape after forces are applied. The hardness (G*) describes the total energy needed to deform the filler.<span>⁵</span> The cohesivity of a filler reflects its ability to resist dis","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"4 2","pages":"79-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.190","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50117101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to “Psychiatric Disorders in Dermatology”","authors":"Caroline Stamu-O'Brien","doi":"10.1002/der2.193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.193","url":null,"abstract":"Welcome to Dermatological Reviews! “It is no small thing to feel the warmth of the sun on your skin.”― Marty Rubin I have chosen to open this introduction with a quote because the skin's relevance should not be underestimated. Through its many roles, skin defines our physical and biological realms in both health and in illness. Almost all skin diseases are known to have physiological and psychological basis. Patients with chronic psychiatric disorders are prone to skin disease, emphasizing the role of psychological factors in their occurrence. From inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, hidradenitis, rosacea, acne vulgaris to autoimmune tissue disorders, and genodermatosis, the myriad of clinical manifestations is not devoid of psychological hallmarks. To better understand the relationship between psychiatry and dermatology, and the overlap between psychiatric disorders and the skin, we will hereby try to narrow the knowledge gap by featuring four articles on “Psychophysiological disorders and the Skin,” “Primary Psychiatric Disorders,” “Secondary Psychiatric Disorders and the Skin,” and respectively “The Association between Psoriasis and Suicide.” These articles expand on several topics and comment on key publications in the field with the sole purpose of emphasizing and summarizing pertinent information to clinical practice. The purpose of this journal is to provide easily accessible and applicable clinical information. This review is written for clinicians who devote their time to applying evidence‐based information on their patients. Our Editorial Board experts have a multidisciplinary background from the fields of Dermatology, Internal Medicine, and Psychiatry. Each author brings years of clinical experience and provides practical considerations and clinical commentaries. Additionally, the “Primary Psychiatric Disorders” article will focus on depicting psychiatric disorders in which the dermatological manifestation is an important corollary. We aim to present multiple perspectives despite the abundance of inconclusive and even conflicting data. I truly hope that you will savor the “Conclusions” with their unique perspectives. It is our wish that the summaries of clinical studies, accompanying commentaries, and original research are “knowledge pearls” to those interested in Psychodermatology and beyond. We also hope to see positive outcomes and improvement in the quality of life for patients with various skin disorders based on the latest clinical evidence. The format of Dermatological Reviews provides a structured way for various specialties to collaborate and interact on various themes and fills a certain void in dermatological literature. We hope to fill this void and that you will enjoy reading this issue!","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"4 4","pages":"145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50138251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse events seen with fillers","authors":"Almeera Lateef,&nbsp;Catherine Barker,&nbsp;Alan Snyder,&nbsp;Yash Vaishnav,&nbsp;Todd Schlesinger","doi":"10.1002/der2.195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.195","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dermal fillers are often utilized to enhance facial features as well as correct signs of aging on the face. Common side effects seen with dermal fillers are injection site erythema, edema, and secondary infection. Uncommon yet severe effects of filler injection result from vascular occlusion, causing skin necrosis, blindness, or even stroke. Vision loss typically occurs immediately after injection. Partial vision loss is associated with better prognosis. In case of visual compromise, an ocular massage and reduction of ocular pressure should be initiated immediately. The instruments used as well as the pressure and volume of the injection can contribute to unwanted complications. Anti-thrombolytics, including hyaluronidase for hyaluronic acid injection, may offer some benefit in the case of vascular occlusion. Aesthetic providers must have thorough knowledge of facial anatomy and proper injection technique to mitigate the risk of these dreaded adverse events.</p>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"4 3","pages":"127-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50138338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GE introduction: Injectables—Dermal fillers part A","authors":"Todd Schlesinger","doi":"10.1002/der2.192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.192","url":null,"abstract":"Dermal fillers, soft tissue fillers, volumizers, collagen stimulators; however, they are referred to, these innovative products have forever changed the landscape of aesthetic dermatology. In this issue of Dermatological Reviews, I have the distinct pleasure of presenting a carefully curated set of articles written beautifully by our guest authors. Dermal filler technology has continued to advance at a rapid pace since the 1980s when the first devices in this space gained approval in the United States. Dr. Pearlman et al. guides us through the rapid rise in filler use over the decades, how they have become integrated into practice and how popular culture has portrayed them over the years and provides us with a starting point from which to dive into the various products in use today. However, before you enter the realm of the filler world, if you are anything like me, you will want to know how we got here and where it all began. Laura Andrews et al. takes us back to the 1800s during which time fillers were first conceptualized and the hollow needle and syringe were invented. I found it incredible how far back people were interested in finding a way to correct volume loss, not initially for cosmetic purposes. The journey has not been without hills and valleys as physicians dealt with complications and issues with the early products. Managing untoward events has become of paramount importance as the holy grail of safe injections for all is pursued. Restylane was the first hyaluronic acid (HA) filler to gain Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval in 2003. Almeera Lateef et al. show us how this early product came into use and led the way to the widespread use of HA products over the past two decades. This filler taught us a lot about managing adverse effects and the advent of hyaluronidase for use as a filler dissolver changed the landscape of the management of untoward effects such as filler embolism and undesirable placement. Whole societies have formed around the dissemination of information on complication management, providing essential resources for those who use fillers. Our mission to protect patient safety must remain at the forefront of all we do as we perform elective procedures which bring joy to many. Market growth breeds competition and when a pharmacist named Gavin Herbert formed a company to develop novel formulations such as steroid eye drops and decongestants, the stage was set for scientists and physicians to figure out another way to do things. Inventors were looking for novel ways to crosslink HA so fillers would last longer. In parallel to development in the Restylane filler line, the Juvederm family of fillers based their product line on new crosslinking techniques as described by Chelsea Shope et al. This chapter takes us along as several products are developed, many with approvals for different applications. The upward trajectory of research and development was incredible at the time as we learned so much about the physic","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"4 2","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50136354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sculptra®—History and how it is best used today","authors":"Chelsea Eason,&nbsp;Alan Snyder,&nbsp;Clint Favre,&nbsp;Todd Schlesinger","doi":"10.1002/der2.186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.186","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sculptra® is an injectable biostimulatory soft tissue filler containing microparticles of poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) that is FDA-approved for the correction of HIV-associated facial lipoatrophy and nasolabial fold contour deficiencies and other facial wrinkles in immunocompetent patients. Injectable PLLA has been shown to provide gradual improvement in cutaneous thickness by inciting a subclinical inflammatory response that stimulates increased collagen deposition in the dermis, with results lasting up to 2 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The utilization of Sculptra® in aesthetics has expanded to many off-label indications including panfacial revolumization, improvement in skin quality, and use in various non-facial sites such as the neck/décolleté, abdomen, arms, hands, thighs, and gluteal area. Clinical experience and scientific investigation have driven changes in the way PLLA is used. Simpler methods of product preparation, improved injection techniques, and attention to appropriate patient selection have led to improved outcomes and ease of use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PLLA's long safety history and ability to produce subtle yet significant results through a biostimulatory mechanism make it an attractive and versatile option for cutaneous volume augmentation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"4 3","pages":"115-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50130291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EiC Introduction: Injectables—Dermal fillers Part A","authors":"Michael H. Gold","doi":"10.1002/der2.191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.191","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"4 2","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50146523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future of dermal fillers","authors":"Nicholas Strat,&nbsp;Alan Snyder,&nbsp;Todd Schlesinger","doi":"10.1002/der2.188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.188","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The advancement of dermal fillers has progressed from animal collagen extraction to a spectrum of recombinant DNA, nanotechnology, and biostimulation. Consumers now have a variety of fillers to choose from, including organic fillers composed of hyaluronic acid and calcium hydroxyapatite, as well as synthetic fillers made from poly-<span>l</span>-lactic acid and polymethylmethacrylate. This piece serves to add to the open dialogue discussing the prognosis, prospects, and potential pitfalls of dermal fillers. Expansion of product indications and technical alterations are currently changing the dermal fillers' landscape. The potential for new approaches to side effect mitigation or adjunct pigment modification is still exploratory. Furthermore, with social implications increasingly coming into frame, healthcare providers and companies seem geared toward developing effective, safe, and equitable products while maintaining a process of rigorous review and quality control processes. As such, future developments of this medical tool appear promising; fillers seem poised to imbue a role as dynamic as the tissues they were conceived to restore.</p>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"4 3","pages":"139-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50146493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}