Dermatological Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Emerging Technologies in Hair and Nail Diagnosis and Treatment","authors":"Piyali Banerjee,&nbsp;Kinnor Das,&nbsp;Mohamad Goldust,&nbsp;Carlos Gustavo Wambier","doi":"10.1002/der2.251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.251","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Emerging technologies are revolutionizing dermatology, especially for diagnosing and treating hair and nail disorders. Latest advancements in technology enhance the ability to visualize cutaneous structures, enabling early and precise detection of dermatological pathologies. This review aims to highlight these novel technological advancements and their therapeutic implications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objective of this review is to discuss the emerging and latest diagnostic and therapeutic technologies in the field of hair and nail disorders, highlighting their potential to improve diagnostic accuracy, treatment outcomes, and overall patient care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive review of existing literature was conducted on emerging diagnostic techniques, including dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy, optical coherence tomography, multispectral imaging, and trichogram. Therapeutic advancements such as low-level laser therapy, platelet-rich plasma therapy, photo dynamic therapy, gene therapy, nanoemulsion topical treatments, biomimetic peptides, stem cell therapy, transdermal drug delivery systems, liposomal delivery systems, and drug tattooing were analyzed. The role of the latest technology in the form of artificial was also explored.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that these emerging technologies significantly enhance the visualization of hair and nail structures, allowing for enhanced diagnoses and targeted management. These techniques improve early detection of disorders, while emerging therapies are showing promising results in treating hair and nail and related pathologies. AI-driven technologies further personalize patient care by providing data-driven insights.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The integration of advanced diagnostic and therapeutic technologies in clinical practice is transforming the arena of dermatology, particularly in hair and nail care. These novel technologies provide improved diagnostic precision, effective management options, and tailored patient care, paving the way for a technologically driven, precision-based approach in dermatology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.251","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141980387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Looking Beyond PRP, Exosomes, and Stem Cells","authors":"Faraz Yousefian,&nbsp;Marianne Cortes,&nbsp;Sujitha Yadlapati,&nbsp;Michael Gold","doi":"10.1002/der2.254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.254","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The history of stem cells in dermatology is marked by significant discoveries and advancements. Stem cells, which possess the ability to differentiate into various cell types and self-renew, have played crucial roles in maintaining tissue integrity and facilitating wound healing. PRP has additionally emerged as a potent therapeutic agent with widespread applications due to its regenerative properties driven by platelets, and various growth factors. The newest addition to the regenerative medicine toolbox has been exosomes and extracellular vesicles containing biomolecules, offering a minimally invasive approach through non-cell therapy. These vesicles impact crucial cellular functions such as proliferation, migration, and apoptosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aim to provide a comprehensive review on the history and future implications of stem cells, PRP, and exosomes in the fields of regenerative medicine and dermatology. This paper highlights the importance of ongoing research and development in optimizing these therapies for clinical applications, ultimately aiming to improve patient outcomes and quality of life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A literature search was conducted on PubMed reviewing stem cells, PRP, MeSH, and exosomes and their application in the field of dermatology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The use of stem cells, PRP, and exosomes suggests the great advancements that we have made in regenerative medicine. The tight regulation of stem cells and their byproducts has halted further application of these novel modalities and suggested a need for further research and studies. Although this has slowed down the process of using these powerful tools, we are still continuing to understand the functions and implications of stem cells and their byproducts. With a new emphasis on non-cell therapy through exosomes and PRP, we are still able to apply these methods to ameliorate chronic dermatological diseases such as chronic wounds, scarring, androgenetic alopecia (ANA), and aesthetics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although the field of regenerative medicine is looking promising with its various novel additions, there is still work that needs to be done such as regulatory hurdles, safety concerns, and the need for standardization of isolation, storage, dosage, and application.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.254","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141980386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory Aspects of Regenerative Medicine in the United States and Abroad","authors":"Dana Jaalouk,&nbsp;Anesh Prasai,&nbsp;David J. Goldberg,&nbsp;Jane Y. Yoo","doi":"10.1002/der2.244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.244","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With the rising demand for natural-looking aesthetic improvements, regenerative aesthetic medicine (RAM) has become essential for addressing aging, damage, and imperfections. The regulatory landscape overseeing RAM is dynamic, evolving with new technologies to ensure safety and efficacy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study reviews and compares regulatory frameworks for RAM across North America, Europe, Asia, Australia, and Latin America.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Regulations in the United States, European Union (EU), Australia, Singapore, South Korea, Brazil, Argentina, and Mexico were reviewed, focusing on risk-based approaches, the extent of manipulation, and intended use of biological components.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Frameworks in the United States, EU, Australia, Singapore, and South Korea share a risk-based approach, adjusting regulations based on risks associated with biological components like stem cells and extracellular vesicles. Minimal alteration is categorized as low risk, emphasizing disease transmission prevention and material quality. Regulatory landscapes vary in Latin America. Brazil's comprehensive framework, managed by ANVISA, categorizes products by manipulation levels. Argentina's ANMAT has made progress, while Mexico lacks a unified framework, leading to unregulated operations and patient risks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The diverse regulatory frameworks underscore the need for continuous collaboration between regulatory bodies, healthcare providers, and stakeholders to promote innovation and ensure safety in regenerative medicine.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.244","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141967034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to the Regenerative Medicine—PRP, Exosomes, and Stem Cells and Their Role in Aesthetics Issue","authors":"Michael H. Gold","doi":"10.1002/der2.255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.255","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.255","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141967035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of Plasma-Rich Plasma, Exosomes, and Stem Cells in Aesthetics: A Narrative Review","authors":"Glynis Ablon,&nbsp;Zoë Indigo Smith,&nbsp;Girish (Gilly) Munavalli","doi":"10.1002/der2.250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.250","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plasma-rich plasma (PRP), exosomes, and stem cells represent promising new treatments for facial rejuvenation and to enhance other cosmetic procedures. Although these treatments are rapidly advancing, there are no universally accepted treatment protocols for their use. The goal of the following review is to describe some of the possible benefits of PRP, exosomes, and stem cells in aesthetic medicine.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A review of available studies showed that potential uses of PRP include wound healing after facial surgery, facial rejuvenation, androgenetic alopecia, acne scars, striae distensae, and vitiligo. Exosomes may provide beneficial treatment for skin rejuvenation, scar reduction, hyperpigmentation, and hair growth. Stem cells show promise for androgenetic alopecia, scar improvement, and treatment of photoaged skin. These new technologies may be used alone, but are often combined with existing aesthetic treatments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PRP, exosomes, and stem cells may play an important role in restoring youthful tissue structure and function. Interpretation of some study results is sometimes challenged by the lack of standardized treatment protocols, including routes of application and dosing. When combined with other devices and techniques, results are sometime unclear as to which treatment plays the greater role.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.250","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141968387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complications After Exosome Treatment for Aesthetic Skin Rejuvenation","authors":"William J. Nahm,&nbsp;Sukruthi Thunga,&nbsp;Jane Yoo","doi":"10.1002/der2.242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.242","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exosomes have gained significant attention in aesthetic dermatology for their potential in skin rejuvenation. Despite numerous studies investigating the use of exosomes in aesthetic applications, no adverse events have been reported thus far. This case series presents patients with noticeable adverse effects following the application of exosomes to the skin for aesthetic purposes in South Korea.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A consortium of concerned aesthetic dermatologists from South Korea provided a case series of patients who developed complications after receiving exosome treatments for skin rejuvenation. The case series included eight female patients, ranging in age from 26 to 52 years old, who developed delayed-onset granulomatous lesions at the treatment sites.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All patients in the case series developed erythematous, indurated papules or nodules at the sites of exosome injections, with onset ranging from 2 weeks to 3 months posttreatment. Histopathological examination of biopsied lesions revealed necrotizing granulomas not related to mycobacterial infections. The patients' response to topical and oral steroids, as well as other treatments, varied.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although exosome-based therapies hold great promise in aesthetic dermatology, this case series highlights the potential for delayed-onset granulomatous complications following exosome treatments for skin rejuvenation. Standardized protocols for exosome isolation and purification, as well as rigorous safety and efficacy standards, are needed to ensure the successful implementation of exosome-based products in clinical settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.242","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141968388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Efficacy and Safety of Interleukin-23 Inhibitors in Dissecting Cellulitis of the Scalp: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Khalid Nabil Nagshabandi,&nbsp;Asem Shadid,&nbsp;Mohammed Al-Mashali","doi":"10.1002/der2.247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.247","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp (DCS), also known as perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens or Hoffmann disease, is a rare chronic inflammatory scalp condition with an unknown etiology. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently approved multiple interleukin-23 (IL-23) inhibitors for chronic-plaque psoriasis, and their off-label use has shown promise in treating various dermatological conditions, including DCS. This review assesses the efficacy and safety of IL-23 inhibitors for DCS, aiming to support potential FDA approval for severe refractory cases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive literature search was conducted in February 2024 using MEDLINE, PUBMED, and Google Scholar with the keywords “Dissecting cellulitis,” “DCS,” “Interleukin-23 inhibitors,” “IL-23,” and “Biologics.” The search focused on identifying studies reporting the use of IL-23 inhibitors in DCS treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The search identified five cases where IL-23 inhibitors were used to treat DCS. All patients were male, aged 17–65 years, with multiple comorbidities in four cases, primarily hidradenitis suppurativa and acne conglobata. The IL-23 inhibitors Risankizumab, Guselkumab, and Tildrakizumab were used, resulting in significant clinical improvement, near-complete remission, and hair regrowth. Additionally, psychosocial improvements were noted in two cases, with no reported adverse effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>IL-23 inhibitors have shown remarkable efficacy in treating severe DCS, with significant clinical and psychosocial improvements and a favorable safety profile. These findings support the consideration of FDA approval for IL-23 inhibitors as a treatment option for refractory DCS cases, offering hope for patients with this challenging condition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.247","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141968380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nd:YAG Technology for Laser Hair Removal: What's New?","authors":"Thanyathorn Nuchanatanon,&nbsp;Natthachat Jurairattanaporn,&nbsp;Vasanop Vachiramon","doi":"10.1002/der2.249","DOIUrl":"10.1002/der2.249","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Since its inception, the Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) 1064-nm laser has been widely used for the treatment of hair removal. Selective photothermolysis forms the basis of its function. Without harming the skin, the laser damages the hair follicle, offering safety and potentially positive outcomes. Many years after its debut, newly developed Nd:YAG laser technology and additional indicators have been found.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The quality of the evidence was evaluated using PubMed and Google Scholar searches. A selection of articles published between 2019 and 2024 underwent a retrospective review.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Updated technology, including the “in-motion” technique, submillisecond pulse, and the combination of alexandrite and Nd:YAG lasers, achieves effective hair reduction with a higher safety profile. Other effects of the Nd:YAG laser on sweat glands, its bactericidal effects, and its long-term effects on laser providers are discussed in this literature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With minimal short- and long-term side effects, the latest technology and techniques of Nd:YAG laser treatment at a wavelength of 1064 nm have been shown to be beneficial and promising for hair removal.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.249","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141798844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in Cosmetics and Aesthetics: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Mohamad Goldust,&nbsp;Leslie Baumann,&nbsp;Michael H. Gold,&nbsp;Marina Landau","doi":"10.1002/der2.245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.245","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in cosmetic dermatology and aesthetics. It covers topics including dermal fillers, botulinum toxin (BTX anti-aging cosmeceuticals, artificial intelligence (AI) applications, and energy-based devices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The review summarizes the current literature on dermal fillers, BTX, cosmeceuticals, AI applications, and energy-based devices. It explores emerging technologies, new treatment methods, and ongoing research in these areas. The sources of data include peer-reviewed journals, clinical trials, and expert opinions to provide a thorough understanding of recent developments and future trends.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dermal fillers, particularly hyaluronic acid (HA), are popular in cosmetic treatments, with innovations like Bioorthogonal strategies and thiomer-based technology emerging. Biostimulators such as poly-<span>l</span>-lactic acid and calcium hydroxyapatite promote neo-collagenesis. BTX remains a cosmetic standard, with new recombinant toxins, hybrid BTXs, and delivery methods enhancing safety and efficacy. Anti-aging trends include cellular senescence-targeting treatments like exosomes, NMN, and PDRN, which need further validation. AI improves diagnosis, personalized treatments, and patient consultations but faces data privacy and bias challenges. Advanced energy-based devices (RF, HIFU, lasers) and treatments like cryolipolysis and MFU-V enhance skin rejuvenation and body contouring.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent advancements in cosmetic dermatology and aesthetics, including innovative dermal fillers, BTX developments, anti-aging cosmeceuticals, AI applications, and energy-based devices, are transforming the field. These innovations provide enhanced treatment options and improved patient outcomes, although further research is necessary to validate efficacy and address emerging challenges. The future of cosmetic dermatology is promising, with ongoing technological advancements driving continuous improvements in aesthetic medicine.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.245","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141730344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alexandrite Laser for Hair Reduction: Updates and What Is New","authors":"Diala Haykal","doi":"10.1002/der2.246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.246","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the realm of dermatological advancements, the alexandrite laser has carved out a significant niche in hair removal treatments. Operating at a 755 nm wavelength, it is adept at targeting melanin in hair follicles, making it particularly suitable for individuals with fair skin tones. Despite its advantages, the application of alexandrite lasers presents challenges, especially in individuals with darker skin tones due to a higher risk of adverse effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This comprehensive review explores the literature to examine the role and advancements of the alexandrite laser within the evolving landscape of laser hair removal. It discusses the technology's strengths, limitations, and prospects, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of its current state and identify avenues for further research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Comprehensive searches were conducted in databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library from January 1990 to April 2024. The search included keywords and MeSH terms like ‘laser therapy,’ ‘hair reduction,’ ‘phototherapy,’ ‘hair removal,’ and ‘alexandrite.’ Studies focusing specifically on alexandrite lasers for hair removal, including reviews and clinical trials, were included.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The alexandrite laser is highly effective for light skin tones but poses risks for darker skin. Nd:YAG lasers are safer for darker skin but may require more sessions for fine or light-colored hair. Diode lasers are versatile for various skin types but less efficient for very dark or very light skin. IPL is adaptable but often needs more sessions and has higher side effect risks. Long-term studies show sustained hair reduction with alexandrite lasers, resulting in high patient satisfaction. Side effects are generally mild and temporary, such as redness and swelling. Recent advancements in alexandrite laser technology, such as integration with other laser types, larger spot sizes, and improved cooling systems, have enhanced its safety and efficacy. Combining alexandrite with Nd:YAG lasers has expanded its applicability to darker skin tones. These innovations, along with high-frequency treatments and shorter pulse durations, promise improved patient outcomes. However, considerations of cost and the need for multiple sessions must be weighed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No single hair removal technology is universally superior; the optimal choice varies based on individual s","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.246","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141607996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}