Dermatological Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Transforming Dermatopathology With AI: Addressing Bias, Enhancing Interpretability, and Shaping Future Diagnostics","authors":"Diala Ra'Ed Kamal Kakish,&nbsp;Jehad Feras AlSamhori,&nbsp;Andy Noel Ramirez Fajardo,&nbsp;Lana N. Qaqish,&nbsp;Layan Ahmed Jaber,&nbsp;Rawan Abujudeh,&nbsp;Mohammad Hathal Mahmoud Al-Zuriqat,&nbsp;Amina Yahya Mohammed,&nbsp;Abdulqadir J. Nashwan","doi":"10.1002/der2.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming dermatopathology by enhancing diagnostic accuracy, efficiency, and precision medicine. Despite its promise, challenges such as dataset biases, underrepresentation of diverse populations, and limited transparency hinder its widespread adoption. Addressing these gaps can set a new standard for equitable and patient-centered care. To evaluate how AI mitigates biases, improves interpretability, and promotes inclusivity in dermatopathology while highlighting novel technologies like multimodal models and explainable AI (XAI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AI-driven tools demonstrate significant improvements in diagnostic precision, particularly through multimodal models that integrate histological, genetic, and clinical data. Inclusive frameworks, such as the Monk scale, and advanced segmentation methods effectively address dataset biases. However, challenges such as the “black box” nature of AI, ethical concerns about data privacy, and limited access to advanced technologies in low-resource settings remain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AI offers transformative potential in dermatopathology, enabling equitable, and innovative diagnostics. Overcoming persistent challenges will require collaboration among dermatopathologists, AI developers, and policymakers. By prioritizing inclusivity, transparency, and interdisciplinary efforts, AI can redefine global standards in dermatopathology and foster patient-centered care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence Application in Diagnosing, Classifying, Localizing, Detecting and Estimation the Severity of Skin Condition in Aesthetic Medicine: A Review","authors":"Alvin Kar Wai Lee,&nbsp;Lisa Kwin Wah Chan,&nbsp;Cheuk Hung Lee,&nbsp;Jair Mauricio Cerón Bohórquez,&nbsp;Diala Haykal,&nbsp;Jovian Wan,&nbsp;Kyu-Ho Yi","doi":"10.1002/der2.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) has revolutionized aesthetic medicine, enhancing the diagnosis, classification, and treatment of skin conditions. These technologies offer high precision, personalized care, and the potential to reduce human error. This review aimed to evaluate the current applications of AI and ML in aesthetic medicine, focusing on studies graded as Level I or II evidence by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and Ovid databases identified studies employing AI and ML for diagnosing and managing skin conditions. Studies were included if they demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy, improved treatment personalization, or other measurable clinical outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AI and ML systems showed high accuracy in detecting and diagnosing conditions such as skin cancer, acne, psoriasis, and seborrheic dermatitis. AI-based platforms facilitated personalized treatment plans, enhancing therapeutic outcomes while minimizing errors. The integration of AI reduced diagnostic time and lowered healthcare costs, demonstrating significant potential for improving patient care. However, challenges such as algorithmic bias, data privacy concerns, and the need for high-quality training datasets were highlighted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AI and ML have transformative potential in aesthetic medicine, offering improved diagnostic precision, enhanced patient outcomes, and cost reductions. Addressing limitations related to algorithm bias, regulatory oversight, and data quality is essential to fully realize the benefits of AI in clinical practice. Future research should focus on developing robust, ethical, and regulatory-compliant AI solutions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.70015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin C: Its Role in Cosmeceuticals","authors":"Nupur Singh,&nbsp;Angela N. Brown,&nbsp;Max Oscherwitz,&nbsp;Michael H. Gold","doi":"10.1002/der2.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vitamin C is a well-known product used in cosmeceuticals for its various topical application benefits ranging from antioxidative, antiaging, anti-inflammatory, and anti-pigmentary among others. The main problems encountered with vitamin C products include the stability, penetrance into the skin, and tolerance of vitamin C's various forms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper aims to explore current literature on the role of Vitamin C in cosmetic dermatology and present a review on how products have developed for certain purposes and their outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A literature search was conducted on PubMed reviewing vitamin C in cosmetic and non-cosmetic formulations and its utility for cosmetic dermatologic conditions. Research produced by various journals was then investigated to highlight its uses and potential in the field.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Numerous studies support the varied claims regarding topical vitamin C, particularly in its role as an antioxidant, antiaging, anti-pigmentary, and anti-inflammatory agent. The integration of Vitamin C with other cosmetic ingredients is rapidly developing, ranging from vitamin E and natural plant extracts to several exfoliative acids and growth factors. The cosmetic industry's next steps involve better stabilization to improve the synergistic mechanisms with other ingredients and without lowering its bioavailability, efficacy, or absorption.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vitamin C has proven to be a powerful player in cosmetic dermatology, both as a stand-alone element and in combination with cosmetic ingredients. This review showcases some of the most pertinent clinical studies that support its efficacy in mitigating photoaging, oxidative stress, abnormal pigmentation, and inflammation among other cosmetic concerns, underscoring the promise behind vitamin C.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cosmeceuticals and Other Techniques to Reduce Bruising From Surgical and Cosmetic Procedures","authors":"Faraz Yousefian,&nbsp;Braden Van Alfen,&nbsp;Sujitha Yadlapati,&nbsp;David J. Goldberg,&nbsp;Michael Gold","doi":"10.1002/der2.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bruising is the most common adverse event experienced after cosmetic procedures, dermatologic surgeries, and other surgeries. Bruising can cause significant distress to a patient and may be the reason for unnecessary additional office visits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> AIM</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review aims to outline the therapeutic remedies and prevention methods to decrease bruising after cosmetic procedures and other surgeries as described in the literature. A thorough in-depth understanding of the treatment of bruising can help improve the patient experience.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A literature search was conducted on PubMed reviewing remedies for bruising postsurgical and cosmetic procedures in the dermatological field.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A broad variety of remedies for reducing and alleviating bruising after a procedure exist. These treatments include cold compression, ReFORM and RePAIR, various lasers, herbal supplements including <i>Arnica Montana</i>, inhance postinjection serum, vitamin K, peroxide, and tranexamic acid. Results are varied but do show there are treatment options to alleviate bruising.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Physicians performing dermatologic procedures, cosmetic injections, or other surgeries should be aware of the causes and supported remedies for bruising. By understanding the many options out there to decrease bruising, providers can help alleviate the distress that it often causes patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An introduction to cosmeceuticals—What is new and trending part II","authors":"Kavita Mariwalla","doi":"10.1002/der2.227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.227","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"5 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.227","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alopecia Areata Treatment: Past, Present, and Future","authors":"Eliana L. Jolkovsky,&nbsp;David J. Goldberg","doi":"10.1002/der2.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alopecia Areata (AA) is an autoimmune disorder resulting in non-scarring hair loss on the scalp, face, and body. AA research has experienced significant advancements within the last century with the discoveries of the autoimmune nature of the disorder and the role of genetic and psychosocial factors. This review provides a comprehensive dive into the history and evolution of AA management with a focus on the recently FDA-approved JAK inhibitors baricitinib, ritlecitinib, and deuruxolitinib, and sheds light on emerging therapies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A search was conducted on PubMed to investigate literature on the history of AA treatment, current AA treatment with a focus on therapy with JAK inhibitors, and the future directions of AA treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Caustic topical agents were used as the main AA therapy until recent decades. The last century saw significant advancements in understanding the etiology of AA as autoimmune, genetic, and psychosocial, influencing the directions of treatment research. In recent years, JAK inhibitors were found to be an effective, systemic AA treatment. Non-systemic AA therapies such as corticosteroid injections, topical minoxidil, contact immunotherapy, and red-laser light therapy remain effective treatments. JAK inhibitors continue to be the focus of AA treatment research, although other targets and new treatment modalities are being studied.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The treatment of AA has undergone significant advances within recent years, especially with the application of JAK inhibitors as systemic therapy. Future research should investigate the therapeutic potential of stem cell therapy, gene therapy, and energy-assisted drug delivery (LEADD) for AA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"5 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.70008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cellulite & Skin Tightening: A Review of Pathophysiology and Topical Treatment","authors":"Isabella Castellanos-García,&nbsp;Luisa Valentina Ramírez-Zuluaga,&nbsp;Laura Sofia Páez-Cárdenas,&nbsp;Dennys Lintsay Villalba-Moreno,&nbsp;María Daniela Caicedo-León,&nbsp;Elisha Singer,&nbsp;Thais Pincelli,&nbsp;Alison J. Bruce,&nbsp;Miguel A. Aristizabal","doi":"10.1002/der2.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cellulite is a localized skin condition that affects many women, particularly after puberty. It results from a complex interplay of several factors that lead to the characteristic dimpled appearance of the skin. Cellulite may cause psychological stress and negatively impact quality of life. Additionally, body skin laxity may further exacerbate cosmetic concerns in these patients. Consequently, multiple therapeutic options, including topical treatments, have been explored to address both cellulite and skin laxity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To review the pathophysiology of cellulite and skin laxity, as well as topical skincare options for their management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A literature search from 2000 to 2024 was conducted using the databases PubMed, EBSCOhost, Scopus, and Google Scholar, with the key terms “cellulite,” “cellulite management,” “cellulite topical treatment,” “skin sagging,” “skin laxity,” and “loose skin.” The search included clinical trials, observational studies, book chapters, and review articles in English and Spanish.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying cellulite involve a combination of histological, hormonal, genetic, and lifestyle factors. Several topical agents, including retinoids and methylxanthines, have shown potential in improving the cosmetic appearance of cellulite and may contribute to localized fat reduction. Emerging botanical extracts hold promise as topical treatments for cellulite and skin tightening.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cellulite and skin laxity are prevalent cosmetic concerns with multifactorial and complex pathophysiologic origins. Topical treatments for cellulite and skin tightening require further investigation. Although some studies have demonstrated positive outcomes with skincare products and topicals, robust evidence and studies with extended follow-up are still lacking. Additional research is necessary to evaluate the long-term efficacy of topical treatments as standalone therapies for cellulite and skin tightening.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"5 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fezolinetant: A Non-hormonal NK3R Antagonist for the Treatment of Hot Flushes and Vasomotor Symptoms","authors":"Arpita Yadav,&nbsp;Manoj K. Verma,&nbsp;Arun K. Sharma,&nbsp;Anu Chaudhary,&nbsp;Sudha Bhartiya","doi":"10.1002/der2.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Menopausal vasomotor symptoms (VMS), such as hot flashes (also known as night sweats), are experienced by 70% of women. These symptoms may be debilitating and last for many years. For 10%–20% of women, these symptoms are almost unbearable. Several pharmacotherapeutic approaches have been evaluated, and more are continually being developed. Although hormone therapy (HT) is often considered the most effective treatment, it is frequently accompanied by significant adverse effects. Consequently, there is a concerted effort to explore non-hormonal alternatives.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the key milestones and development trajectory of Fezolinetant from the preclinical stages to its FDA approval for the treatment of VMS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fezolinetant's development trajectory was undertaken, employing a multifaceted information retrieval strategy. This approach leveraged scientific databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, alongside authoritative resources including DrugBank and clinicaltrials.gov. Additionally, peer-reviewed journals and the official website of Astellas Pharma were meticulously examined to find the relevant information. The present study delves into various stages of Fezolinetant's development, including its medicinal chemistry, synthesis, mechanism of action, and pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies, as well as clinical data, and safety profiles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>On May 12, 2023, the FDA approved Fezolinetant, a non-hormonal, selective neurokinin 3 (NK3) receptor antagonist, for treating mild to severe VMS marked on by menopause. It has been developed by Astellas Pharma under the brand name Veozah and is taken orally once a day, with or without meals, at a dose of 45 mg.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fezolinetant represents a promising non-hormonal treatment option for women experiencing VMS. The key findings from the studies include the effectiveness of Fezolinetant in alleviating VMS symptoms and its favorable safety profile compared to hormonal therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"5 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Categorized Side Effect and Complications of Microneedling","authors":"Atefeh Mohammadnejad","doi":"10.1002/der2.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Facial microneedling (MN) represents a contemporary approach to skin rejuvenation that has garnered increasing popularity in recent years. This technique is distinguished by its cost-effectiveness and widespread adoption across various age groups. While MN is associated with substantial improvements in skin appearance and texture, it is also accompanied by a range of potential adverse effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper outlines to present the categorized side effect and complications of MN.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this paper, published studies and colleagues’ experiences were used to classify and present the results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is currently insufficient research on the complications and side effects of MN, highlighting the need for a comprehensive and organized review in this area. This study systematically investigates MN-related complications in six key areas: operator, patient, procedures and materials, sterile devices and skin, aftercare, and standard device classification and evaluation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"5 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.70010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triple Wavelength for Laser Hair Reduction: Parameter Selection and Optimisation of Results","authors":"Ganesh Srinivas Pai,&nbsp;Avitus John Raakesh Prasad,&nbsp;Anusha H. Pai,&nbsp;Rahul Pillai","doi":"10.1002/der2.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/der2.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Triple wave hair removal is an advanced method for achieving permanent hair reduction which has always been challenging. This technique combines the benefits of three different wavelengths of laser light to target a broader range of skin types effectively. This study employed three different equipment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To establish the efficacy of triple wavelength hair removal in various skin types, sites and type of hair. To give importance to parameter selection and various techniques to be employed in various situations to achieve permanent hair removal.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Patients and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was an Investigator initiated, two center study of female's patients with hirsutism above age 18 years with skin type III−V, areas included are face, chin, chest and others between the period of August 2017 to February 2024.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The amount of hair reduction was assessed using the physician GAIS (Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale) score: No results 0% reduction, Poor 0%−25% reduction, Average 25%−50% reduction, good 50%−75% reduction, and excellent 75%−100% reduction. Patients who completed minimum of four to maximum of six sessions were included in the study. An excellent reduction in 80% of the treated patients and good reduction in 15% of treated patients was observed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This current study shows that a synergistic combination of three diode laser wavelengths used for hair removal is effective and safe to use in subjects of all skin types for facial and body hair and is an alternative in treatment of patients who responds poorly to diode wavelength.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100366,"journal":{"name":"Dermatological Reviews","volume":"5 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/der2.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142641611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}