Decoding Infection and Transmission最新文献

{"title":"Advances and challenges in the prevention, control and research of echinococcosis in China","authors":"Hongrang Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaoling Wang ,&nbsp;Shuai Han ,&nbsp;Ning Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.dcit.2025.100041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcit.2025.100041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Echinococcosis is a group of chronic zoonotic parasitic diseases caused by the larval stage of <em>Echinococcus</em> tapeworms, which infect both humans and animals. Due to the complex life cycle, broad geographic distribution and wide range of host species of <em>Echinococcus</em>, controlling and eliminating echinococcosis remains highly challenging. Source control and the interruption of transmission pathways are critical but difficult, which always impede prevention and control efforts. Therefore, accurate detection, differentiation, diagnosis, and effective treatment, along with real-time monitoring of infections across various hosts, are essential prerequisites. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current epidemiological status of echinococcosis, research progress, prevention and control measures, and the main challenges in efforts from control toward elimination of the disease in China, with the aim of providing reference for further optimization of present control strategies and surveillance methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100358,"journal":{"name":"Decoding Infection and Transmission","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100041"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143592791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent cholera outbreaks in Nigeria: A review of the underlying factors and redress","authors":"Ikechukwu Emmanuel Onwunta ,&nbsp;Gerald Obinna Ozota ,&nbsp;Chizaram Adaeze Eze ,&nbsp;Izuchukwu Favour Obilom ,&nbsp;Onyeka Chinenye Okoli ,&nbsp;Cynthia Nneka Azih ,&nbsp;Christabel Ogechukwu Okoye ,&nbsp;Ebube Lilian Agbo","doi":"10.1016/j.dcit.2025.100042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcit.2025.100042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cholera outbreaks remain a matter of public health since this outbreak of the epidemic is experienced almost every year. In June 2024, the African Region had registered 7964 new cases of cholera across 11 countries, and 1094 of them were from Nigeria. Although several advancements have been made towards reducing cholera outbreaks, its recurrence in 2024 highlights the challenges in its management. This study explores the underlying factors responsible for recurring cholera outbreaks in Nigeria and formulates practical recommendations for its prevention and control in the long term. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using Google Scholar and PubMed, including studies that discussed cholera outbreaks, contributing factors, and control strategies, especially in Nigeria. The implications and challenges of recurrent cholera outbreaks in Nigeria were also examined from the literature, and recommendations were given. The study identified some of the implications of these outbreaks on the country, including increased mortality rates, the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant <em>Vibrio cholerae</em> strains, and socioeconomic implications. The major challenges hindering effective cholera management were found to be vaccination uptake, late diagnosis and management, unpreparedness of the healthcare system, environmental factors and lack of government will. Mitigating these drivers of recurring outbreaks in Nigeria is crucial to creating more targeted and more efficient prevention and control measures. Recommendations have been made to combat this menace and achieve long-term eradication in Nigeria, which include enhancing the infrastructure for water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), expanding the reach of vaccinations, surveillance and rapid response systems and resolving socioeconomic and environmental factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100358,"journal":{"name":"Decoding Infection and Transmission","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100042"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotype switching in hepatitis B virus as a potential risk for vertical transmission from mother-to-child was first reported","authors":"Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Guanyong Ou ,&nbsp;Yong Chen ,&nbsp;Jiumeng Min ,&nbsp;Yanjie Li ,&nbsp;Liuqing Yang ,&nbsp;Jiexiang Liu ,&nbsp;Lei Jiang ,&nbsp;Zitao Xie ,&nbsp;Jinmin Ma ,&nbsp;Yingxia Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.dcit.2025.100040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcit.2025.100040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection represents a significant global public health concern and is endemic in numerous populations. In China, mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) remains the predominant route of HBV infection. The administration of the Hepatitis B vaccine and Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) to neonates born to mothers with chronic HBV infection constitutes the primary strategy to mitigate the risk of perinatal transmission. Nevertheless, elevated maternal viral loads are a critical risk factor for vertical transmission of HBV, even when infants are immunized at birth and treated with HBIG.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, we enrolled 32 mother-child pairs with confirmed vertical transmission of HBV. Despite antiviral therapy administered to three pregnant women, which successfully reduced their viral loads below the threshold (HBV DNA &lt;5.3 log10 IU/mL) within 24 weeks of pregnancy, their infants still contracted HBV despite receiving immunization and HBIG at birth.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Utilizing next-generation sequencing (NGS) and comprehensive HBV genomic analysis, we identified that 28 pairs (87.5 %) were infected with HBV genotype B2, three pairs (9.3 %) with genotype C1, and three pairs (9.3 %) exhibited genotype switching.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study is the first to report the phenomenon of HBV genotype switching during MTCT, with the underlying mechanisms explored through the analysis of HBV quasispecies haplotypes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100358,"journal":{"name":"Decoding Infection and Transmission","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chromosome-level genome assembly, reannotation and decoding of a Trichomonas vaginalis clinical isolate from Shiyan, Central China","authors":"Yanqing Zhao ,&nbsp;Yinjie Lian ,&nbsp;Wei Guan ,&nbsp;Peng Wu ,&nbsp;Shuguo Yang ,&nbsp;Jian Li","doi":"10.1016/j.dcit.2024.100023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcit.2024.100023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div><em>Trichomonas vaginalis</em> trophozoite is a pathogen that causes trichomoniasis, the most common neglected sexually transmitted disease. The reference genome of <em>T. vaginalis</em> is derived from the G3 strain. Although many strains are widely present in China, no genomic information is available for relevant studies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Clinical <em>T. vaginalis</em> isolates were collected, cultured and sequenced via the next-generation Illumina, SMRT DNA sequencing platform and chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) technologies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The present assembled TV-THS1 genome, spanning 185.45 Mb, was comprised of 934 contigs with a contig N50 length of 467.79 kb anchored to six pseudochromosomes, accounting for more than 88 % of the assembled genome (164.56 Mb). The genome included 24,691 protein-coding genes, 24,376 of which (98.72 %) were functionally interpreted. A total of 131.74 Mb (71.03 %) of the assembled sequences were identified as repetitive sequences, and 5302 corresponding genes were annotated in <em>Maverick</em> elements. Compared with the published <em>T. vaginalis</em> G3 reference genome, substantial differences have been revealed. Comparative genome analysis revealed that genes related to expansion during evolution mainly participated in cell adhesion and the biosynthesis of specialized metabolites, such as those involved in binding and catalytic activity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A chromosome-level reference <em>T. vaginalis</em> TV-THS1 genome was obtained, providing comprehensive insight into <em>T. vaginalis</em> evolution and the molecular mechanisms of <em>T. vaginalis</em> pathogenicity. This work offers valuable data for pathogen-host interaction analysis, clinical diagnosis, treatment and prevention of trichomoniasis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100358,"journal":{"name":"Decoding Infection and Transmission","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100023"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, regional, and national burden of dengue, 1990–2021: Findings from the global burden of disease study 2021","authors":"Shun-Xian Zhang ,&nbsp;Guo-Bing Yang ,&nbsp;Ren-Jie Zhang ,&nbsp;Jin-Xin Zheng ,&nbsp;Jian Yang ,&nbsp;Shan Lv ,&nbsp;Lei Duan ,&nbsp;Li-Guang Tian ,&nbsp;Mu-Xin Chen ,&nbsp;Qin Liu ,&nbsp;Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Xiao-Jie Hu ,&nbsp;Ji-Chun Wang ,&nbsp;Shi-Zhu Li ,&nbsp;Xiao-Nong Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.dcit.2024.100021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcit.2024.100021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dengue is an acute viral infectious disease caused by the dengue virus and transmitted through mosquitoes. Although numerous studies have examined the global burden of dengue, comprehensive and systematic global analyses remain limited. This study uses data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021 to systematically analyze the global epidemiological trends and disease burden of dengue from 1990 to 2021.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study utilized data from the GBD Study 2021 Study to analyze trends in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of dengue across 204 countries and territories, stratified by age, sex, and Socio-demographic Index (SDI) levels. In addition, a Bayesian age-period-cohort model was employed to predict the future burden of dengue. The average annual percent change (AAPC) was used to describe the overall trend in rates or counts of indicators between 1990 and 2021.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 2021, the global ASIR of dengue was 752.04 per 100,000 population (95 % UI: 196.33–1363.35), and ASMR was 0.38 per 100,000 population (95 % UI: 0.23–0.51). From 1990 to 2021, both the ASIR (AAPC = 7.89, 95 % <em>CI</em>: 7.89–8.91) and ASMR (AAPC = 0.01, 95 % <em>CI</em>: 0.00–0.01) showed an increasing trend. Adolescents under 14 years had the highest ASIR, age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for dengue. By 2035, the projected ASIR of dengue is 862.23 per 100,000 population (95 % <em>CI</em>: 627.84–1096.62 per 100,000 population), the ASPR is 51.60 per 100,000 population (95 % <em>CI</em>: 37.70–65.50 per 100,000 population), and the ASMR is 0.43 per 100,000 population (95 % <em>CI</em>: 0.29–0.56 per 100,000 population). The ASIR, ASPR, ASMR, and age-standardized DALYs for dengue are expected to continue rising in the next 10 years.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The global burden of dengue is projected to continue rising in the coming years, underscoring the urgent need for comprehensive control measures, including enhanced vector control, public education, vaccination, and drug development. These findings provide crucial scientific evidence for the formulation of effective public health strategies and interventions aimed at reducing the global threat posed by dengue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100358,"journal":{"name":"Decoding Infection and Transmission","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100021"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning models for predicting residual malaria infections using environmental factors: A case study of the Jazan region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","authors":"Idris Zubairu Sadiq ,&nbsp;Yakubu Saddeeq Abubakar ,&nbsp;Abdulkadir Rabiu Salisu ,&nbsp;Babangida Sanusi Katsayal ,&nbsp;Umar Saidu ,&nbsp;Sani I. Abba ,&nbsp;Abdullahi Garba Usman","doi":"10.1016/j.dcit.2024.100022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcit.2024.100022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Malaria is a global public health problem affecting more than 100 countries. Meteorological factors on the other hand represent a major driving force behind malaria transmission and other vector-borne diseases. This study aims to predict and forecast malaria incidence while exploring its correlation with environmental factors.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Three Machine learning (ML) models, namely Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Random Forest Regression (RFR), and Regularized Linear Regression (RLR), were employed, along with a simple seasonal model, to predict and forecast malaria cases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The ANN model outperformed the RFR and RLR models, with the lowest Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 0.313 and 0.146 respectively. A total of 10,778 malaria cases were reported from 2015 to 2020, with a monthly mean of 150 malaria infections. The study unveils no significant increase in malaria cases from 2020 to 2030. Furthermore, a strong negative correlation was found between monthly average malaria incidence and average temperature, minimum and maximum temperatures at p &lt; 0.001. On the other hand, a strong positive correlation was observed between monthly average malaria incidence and relative humidity, which was statistically significant at p &lt; 0.01.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The Artificial Neural Network model is effective in predicting malaria cases compared to other models. The study revealed a negative correlation between malaria incidence and temperature, alongside a positive correlation with relative humidity. Although no significant increase in malaria cases is projected from 2020 to 2030, continuous monitoring of environmental factors and malaria prevalence remains crucial for effective disease control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100358,"journal":{"name":"Decoding Infection and Transmission","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100022"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro culture and genetic modification of Babesia gibsoni","authors":"Dongfang Li ,&nbsp;Sen Wang ,&nbsp;Xingai Guan ,&nbsp;Yidan Bai ,&nbsp;Junlong Zhao ,&nbsp;Lan He","doi":"10.1016/j.dcit.2024.100019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcit.2024.100019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Babesia gibsoni</em>, a unicellular eukaryotic parasite causing babesiosis in dog, is primarily transmitted through tick feeding. The intraerythrocytic stage, during which the parasite reproduce within the host's red blood cells, is a vital part of <em>Babesia</em>'s life cycle. Continuous <em>in vitro</em> culture <em>B. gibsoni</em> provides an opportunity to study its biological processes. The establishment and development of gene editing systems for <em>Babesia</em> offer a powerful tool to investigate the functions of important genes in specific biological processes. This protocol expands on the existing techniques for <em>in vitro</em> culture and genes editing of <em>B. gibsoni</em>. Specifically, we describe a continuous <em>in vitro</em> culture method employing VP-SFM as a base medium, supplemented with Albumax I and small amount of canine serum (2.5 %), This method, designed for long-term culture, achieving high parasitemia and facilitates subclone culture. By employing homology-dependent repair pathways, the gene editing method utilizing introducing homologous fragments and electroporation can effectively manipulate the genetic of <em>B. gibsoni</em>. This protocol would contribute to the reproducibility of experiments and the overall reliability of research findings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100358,"journal":{"name":"Decoding Infection and Transmission","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100019"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S294992402400003X/pdfft?md5=5321153ea9d652cb85f254595fa1dc8b&pid=1-s2.0-S294992402400003X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140549918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"S–6P exhibits better immunogenicity than S–2P at lower doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines","authors":"Zhongyi Zhu ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuangbao Li ,&nbsp;Yang Gao ,&nbsp;Yuwei Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaofei Ma ,&nbsp;Zhonglin Chen ,&nbsp;Siyu Wu ,&nbsp;Yonghui Zhang ,&nbsp;Mengyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhihao Xie ,&nbsp;Changcheng Yin ,&nbsp;Weijun Chen ,&nbsp;Fuxing Zeng ,&nbsp;Jinmin Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.dcit.2024.100017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcit.2024.100017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The objective of this study was to determine whether a new combination of immunogens could be more effective than the S–2P design in terms of eliciting an immune response. The study aimed to use a unified formulation standard to make a comparison between the new immunogen combination than the S–2P design.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study analyzed the published immunogen mutation strategies of known COVID-19 vaccines and also Spike protein variants in the RCSB database to identify the most promising immunogen combination. By choosing different Spike protein variants, we prepared well characterized mRNA preparations and administered them to BALB/C mice using a commercial lipid for encapsulation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study found that our mRNA preparations stimulated strong humoral and cellular immunity, with a neutralizing antibody titer of &gt;1*10⁴ at 28 days and a Th1-biased cellular immune response. Furthermore, our results indicate that the S–6P-GSAS variant elicits superior immunogenicity at lower doses compared to the S–2P variant.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our study suggests that the S–6P-GSAS variant may elicit a stronger immune response at lower doses compared to the S–2P design, indicating its potential as a promising immunogen candidate for COVID-19 vaccines. Further research is needed to explore the efficacy of this novel combination in addressing the challenges posed by emerging Spike protein variants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100358,"journal":{"name":"Decoding Infection and Transmission","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949924024000016/pdfft?md5=08289a1424f0e2c2817dc353af88ff06&pid=1-s2.0-S2949924024000016-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139653262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mathematical model for understanding and controlling monkeypox transmission dynamics in the USA and its implications for future epidemic management","authors":"Md. Azmir Ibne Islam ,&nbsp;M.H.M. Mubassir ,&nbsp;Arindam Kumar Paul ,&nbsp;Sharmin Sultana Shanta","doi":"10.1016/j.dcit.2024.100031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcit.2024.100031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although outbreaks of human monkeypox (mpox) caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV) have decreased globally, little is known about the short-term dynamics of this disease, thus highlighting a critical need to assess the underlying interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To identify and re-examine the key patterns of the disease, in this paper, a modified logistic growth model is presented and analysed. Our main focus is on the two non-pharmaceutical interventions: policies aimed at reducing human-to-human transmission and animal-to-human transmission. We incorporated these two strategies in the model as control parameters to understand their short-term significance on epidemics, and to analyse their strengths in minimizing the infected cases. The mpox data set of the USA from 10 May 2022 to 31 December 2022 was used in the model and the baseline parameters were estimated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The model reveals a complying acceptance to the USA data set. Model simulations highlight that preventive measures could play important roles in controlling the deadly spread of the disease in the year 2022. During the transmission period, better outcomes might have been achieved in the USA if both controls were brought to action simultaneously.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study reflects that continuous application of preventive strategies might be an effective tool to prevent the short-term outbreak of mpox or similar diseases. Moreover, such strategies could play supporting roles during pre- and post-vaccination periods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100358,"journal":{"name":"Decoding Infection and Transmission","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100031"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal immune activation and neuropsychiatric disease in offspring: Pathogen's perspective","authors":"Zhiyang Yin ,&nbsp;Catherine Gordon ,&nbsp;Zikai Zhou ,&nbsp;Minjun Ji ,&nbsp;Zhipeng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.dcit.2024.100029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcit.2024.100029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neuropsychiatric disorders (NDDs) have been associated with maternal immune activation (MIA) in epidemiologic studies, such as prospective birth cohort studies. There is evidence linking maternal infectious pathogens and inflammation to a variety of outcomes, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and autism spectrum disorder. MIA, which is typically triggered by pathogens (such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites), might offer a new perspective on prenatal NDD pathogenesis, possibly attributed to the altered microbiome of the mother. In this review, we highlight the primary mechanisms underlying MIA-induced NDDs caused by pathogens and/or pathogen-derived agents. Moreover, we outline therapeutic strategies to mitigate pathogen-induced MIA-associated neurological disorders, with the primary goal of preventing or managing pathogen exposure during pregnancy and minimizing the long-term effects on the offspring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100358,"journal":{"name":"Decoding Infection and Transmission","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100029"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142701199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}