Crop and Environment最新文献_第7页

Impact of straw return combined with different fertilizations on soil organic carbon stock in upland wheat and maize croplands in China: A meta-analysis 秸秆还田与不同施肥对中国旱地小麦和玉米农田土壤有机碳储量影响的meta分析

Crop and Environment Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.crope.2023.10.003

Mahbub UI Islam , Fahui Jiang , Milton Halder , Shuai Liu , Xinhua Peng

{"title":"Impact of straw return combined with different fertilizations on soil organic carbon stock in upland wheat and maize croplands in China: A meta-analysis","authors":"Mahbub UI Islam , Fahui Jiang , Milton Halder , Shuai Liu , Xinhua Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.crope.2023.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crope.2023.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Straw return is a vital soil amendment practice in Chinese upland soils, aiming to improve the soil organic carbon (SOC) stock. However, its impact on SOC stock depends on various fertilizer practices, leading to inconclusive results. To address this, we conducted a meta-analysis of 121 peer-reviewed publications to evaluate the effect of straw return combined with different fertilization practices including balanced NPK (BFS), unbalanced NP, NK, PK, or N fertilization (UFS), and no fertilization (NFS) in the wheat-maize cropping system. The results showed that straw return with BFS led to the highest increase in SOC stock (13.3%), followed by UFS (11.4%) and NFS (6.12%), compared to straw removal under the same fertilization conditions. BFS also significantly increased the soil C (15.9%), N (9.62%), and P (6.21%) contents, as well as the C:N (2.48%) and C:P (11.4%) ratios. In contrast, UFS resulted in higher C:N ratios (6.47%) and soil acidification, affecting the SOC stock during straw return. A structural equation model revealed that the presence of BFS positively influenced the association between SOC stock and soil stoichiometry (P < 0.05) compared to UFS, which was influenced by climate and initial soil properties. Additionally, the impact of BFS on SOC stock was more significant in the double cropping system (14.5%) than in the single wheat (8.32%) and single maize (10.8%) cropping systems. A lower initial SOC (<6 g kg<sup>−1</sup>) also showed a greater response to BFS compared to a higher initial SOC (>12 g kg<sup>−1</sup>). Based on C sequestration efficiency, implementing straw return with BFS could lead to a higher rate of increase in SOC sequestration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100340,"journal":{"name":"Crop and Environment","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 233-241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773126X23000631/pdfft?md5=cbc21adb63fc0aa814fa6a3686baed44&pid=1-s2.0-S2773126X23000631-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135657005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Effect of high night temperature on leaf senescence, physiological activity, and growth in soybean 夜间高温对大豆叶片衰老、生理活性和生长的影响

Crop and Environment Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.crope.2023.08.001

Taiyu Lin, Yang Lu, Yuki Okamoto, Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa

{"title":"Effect of high night temperature on leaf senescence, physiological activity, and growth in soybean","authors":"Taiyu Lin, Yang Lu, Yuki Okamoto, Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa","doi":"10.1016/j.crope.2023.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crope.2023.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Physiological processes that cause a negative growth response to high night temperatures (HNTs) were investigated in soybean. An HNT (28°C) was established in a phytotron during the first (HL) and second (LH) halves of the reproductive stage and the entire (HH) reproductive stage, along with a continuously low (LL) night temperature (22°C). Plant biomass was lower in HH than that in LL, whereas the harvest index was relatively stable. N accumulation in the plants tended to decline with HNT. The leaf area and leaf N concentration tended to be lower in HL and HH than in LL, suggesting an earlier onset of leaf senescence under HNT in the early reproductive stage. The light-saturated leaf photosynthetic rate was lower in HH than in LL during the late reproductive stage, associated with a low stomatal conductance and leaf photosynthetic rate per intercellular CO<sub>2</sub> concentration. A slower rise in the leaf photosynthetic rate in the morning occurred likely because of the HNT, coinciding with the low leaf water potential at predawn and low leaf photosynthetic rate to intercellular CO<sub>2</sub> concentration ratio. A moderately increasing gradient of night temperature from 21.7 to 23.9°C was created in a mini-field in another experiment using a temperature gradient chamber, and in this experiment, crop growth and N dynamics were similar to those obtained in the phytotron study. These results suggest that the biomass growth of soybean is affected by HNT, particularly during the early reproductive stage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100340,"journal":{"name":"Crop and Environment","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 184-191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773126X23000539/pdfft?md5=1a668bc0b05896defe3aa7260b66d4d5&pid=1-s2.0-S2773126X23000539-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77670819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dipping vigorous seedling roots in phosphorus-enriched slurry at transplanting efficiently increases lowland rice yields 移栽时用富磷浆液浸渍壮苗根系可有效提高低地水稻产量

Crop and Environment Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.crope.2023.10.002

Njato Mickaël Rakotoarisoa , Yasuhiro Tsujimoto , Aung Zaw Oo , Toru Tashiro , Mana Kano-Nakata , Hiroshi Ehara

{"title":"Dipping vigorous seedling roots in phosphorus-enriched slurry at transplanting efficiently increases lowland rice yields","authors":"Njato Mickaël Rakotoarisoa , Yasuhiro Tsujimoto , Aung Zaw Oo , Toru Tashiro , Mana Kano-Nakata , Hiroshi Ehara","doi":"10.1016/j.crope.2023.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crope.2023.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>P-dipping refers to the placement of phosphorus (P) fertilizer at the root system during transplanting of rice by adhering P-enriched slurry to the seedling roots. This approach is beneficial for smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa who apply small amounts of P to highly P-fixing soils. This study aimed to identify the optimum seedling age for maximizing the impact of P-dipping. Pot experiments revealed that the adhered amounts of slurry to the roots with P-dipping increased in a sigmoidal pattern against seedling age. Correspondingly, the effect of P-dipping on the initial biomass was enlarged with older seedlings in a sigmoidal pattern, increasing slowly during the young seedling age (2.9–4.5 leaves), sharply during the intermediate seedling age (4.5–6.3 leaves), and plateauing during the old seedling age (6.3–7.0 leaves). Combining P-dipping with much older seedlings (> 7.0 leaves) resulted in severe transplanting shock and plant death. On-farm trials on 90 fields in Madagascar demonstrated a significant interaction between seedling age and P treatment on grain yield. The highest yield gains over the control from P-dipping were observed in seedlings with intermediate age (1.0 t ha<sup>−1</sup>), followed by old (0.7 t ha<sup>−1</sup>) and young (0.6 t ha<sup>−1</sup>) seedlings. These results suggested that vigorous and intermediate seedlings with higher slurry adherence than young seedlings and a lower risk of transplanting shock than old seedlings benefited most from P-dipping. This finding provides smallholder farmers with practical knowledge on how to apply the P-dipping more efficiently for achieving improved P management for sustainable rice production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100340,"journal":{"name":"Crop and Environment","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 202-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773126X2300062X/pdfft?md5=1cbffbde11150abcafc3e6d4b6e2d758&pid=1-s2.0-S2773126X2300062X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135809750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving nitrogen use efficiency of rice crop through an optimized root system and agronomic practices 通过优化根系和农艺措施提高水稻氮素利用效率

Crop and Environment Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.crope.2023.10.001

Hao Zhang , Jianhua Zhang , Jianchang Yang

{"title":"Improving nitrogen use efficiency of rice crop through an optimized root system and agronomic practices","authors":"Hao Zhang , Jianhua Zhang , Jianchang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.crope.2023.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crope.2023.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nitrogen (N) is the major nutrient limiting rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em> L.) production. Avoiding excessive N use without compromising yields has long been a priority for both research and government policy in China. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) reflects the relationship between dry matter production or economic yield and the quantity of N applied. As an important organ for nutrient absorption, the root system of rice is closely related to NUE. We hypothesized that NUE could be improved by optimizing the root system. Here, we described and compared the evaluation methods of NUE in rice and discussed the relationship of rice root morphological (quantity, weight, length, surface area, number, diameter, volume, distribution, and structure) and physiological (root oxidation activity, active absorbing area or rate, hormones, composition and concentration of root bleeding and root exudates, nutrition concentration, and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>/NH<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> flux) characteristics with N absorption and utilization. The key agronomic practices were proposed to improve NUE from several aspects, including adoption of N-efficient varieties and improvements in N and water management, farming systems, and soil properties. Further research is needed to clarify the root-soil interface principle based on efficient N uptake, reveal the root‒shoot interaction mechanism based on efficient N utilization, and explore the integrative management strategy of high yield and efficient N utilization through maximizing the root system of rice. Our objective in this review is to provide ideas to further exploit potentialities of the root system through variety selection and cultivation management to improve NUE.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100340,"journal":{"name":"Crop and Environment","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 192-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773126X23000618/pdfft?md5=9921dc5142b6eb363c11119f2cf4c6ff&pid=1-s2.0-S2773126X23000618-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135705999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The root system dominates the growth balance between the aboveground and belowground parts of cotton 根系控制着棉花地上部和地下部的生长平衡

Crop and Environment Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.crope.2023.09.001

Ziliang Li , Haitao Dou , Wangfeng Zhang , Ziqi He , Shimei Li , Dao Xiang , Yali Zhang

{"title":"The root system dominates the growth balance between the aboveground and belowground parts of cotton","authors":"Ziliang Li , Haitao Dou , Wangfeng Zhang , Ziqi He , Shimei Li , Dao Xiang , Yali Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.crope.2023.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crope.2023.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Growth balance is very important for plants, which is the coordination of resource acquisition between the aboveground and belowground parts. Extensive research has focused on the aboveground portion, and less attention has been given to the root system. Furthermore, the specific regulatory mechanisms responsible for maintaining the growth balance between aboveground and belowground in crops are still unclear. We examined the root/shoot ratio and leaf area/root length ratio in 19 pima cotton (<em>Gossypium barbadense</em>) and 19 upland cotton (<em>Gossypium hirsutum</em>) accessions, and the effects of root traits on the growth balance were explored. The results indicated that growth balance could affect the biomass accumulation of cotton, and the root system was the core part of controlling growth balance. The difference was that the specific root length played a major role in pima cotton, while the root mass fraction was more important in upland cotton. Despite these differences, both types of cotton achieved similar resource acquisition capability through the synergistic effect of mass fraction and morphological characteristics of leaves and roots. Our study is the first to demonstrate that the root system dominates the growth balance in pima and upland cotton. Selecting accessions with similar phenotypes may represent a promising new direction for increasing the success probability of interspecific hybridization and introgression breeding. These findings expand our understanding of the resource acquisition and utilization of crops and provide a valuable perspective for ecological research and crop breeding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100340,"journal":{"name":"Crop and Environment","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 221-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773126X23000606/pdfft?md5=835267b3f87e948c846a4c0b55b328eb&pid=1-s2.0-S2773126X23000606-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134994749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Responses to elevated daytime air and canopy temperature during panicle development in four rice genotypes under paddy conditions in large field chambers 大田条件下4种水稻基因型穗部发育对日间空气和冠层温度升高的响应

Crop and Environment Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.crope.2023.04.004

Estela M. Pasuquin , Philip L. Eberbach , Toshihiro Hasegawa , Tanguy Lafarge , Dome Harnpichitvitaya , Len J. Wade

{"title":"Responses to elevated daytime air and canopy temperature during panicle development in four rice genotypes under paddy conditions in large field chambers","authors":"Estela M. Pasuquin , Philip L. Eberbach , Toshihiro Hasegawa , Tanguy Lafarge , Dome Harnpichitvitaya , Len J. Wade","doi":"10.1016/j.crope.2023.04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crope.2023.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rising air temperatures have the capacity to impact rice yields in future climates. Studies in large temperature-controlled field chambers were established to examine the responses of four contrasting rice genotypes to elevated daytime temperatures (ET) during reproductive development under paddy conditions. Field chambers were effective in raising mean above-canopy maximum daytime temperatures from 29.9 to 41.1°C during 12 d of ET treatment (68–80 d after emergence, DAE), while increased transpiration under ET resulted in lowering of mean lower-canopy maximum temperature to 33.2°C. Nevertheless, the earliest genotype Vandana encountered a hot spell of 37.0°C at 68–74 DAE in the lower canopy at its late reproductive stage, which exceeded the spikelet sterility threshold of 33.7°C, so its spikelet fertility, grain number and grain yield were reduced under ET. Genotypes differed in the extent of canopy cooling, with less reduction in Vandana and IR64 than in N22 and Takanari. For canopy cooling to be effective, stratification of air layers must occur within the canopy, which was more effective under the shorter and denser canopy of N22 and Takanari (plant height of 70–80 cm) than under IR64 (90–110 cm) and Vandana (115–130 cm). Genotypes with appropriate canopy structures should be chosen for high vapour pressure deficit (VPD) conditions. Both maximum canopy temperature and VPD need to be specified to define the critical threshold for heat tolerance. Takanari was notable for greater leaf area retention and greater leaf photosynthetic capacity due to the maintenance of a higher internal leaf CO<sub>2</sub> concentration, which led to higher spikelet and grain numbers and higher yield potential under ET conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100340,"journal":{"name":"Crop and Environment","volume":"2 3","pages":"Pages 147-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49710335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simultaneously improving grain yield and water and nutrient use efficiencies by enhancing the harvest index in rice 通过提高水稻收获指数，同时提高粮食产量和水分养分利用效率

Crop and Environment Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crope.2023.07.001

Jianchang Yang , Jianhua Zhang

{"title":"Simultaneously improving grain yield and water and nutrient use efficiencies by enhancing the harvest index in rice","authors":"Jianchang Yang , Jianhua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.crope.2023.07.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crope.2023.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Global agriculture is facing the major challenge of providing enough food for a growing population while increasing resource use efficiency. The harvest index (HI) is an independent variable in the function not only for crop yield (biomass × HI) but also for water productivity (HI × biomass / water transpired) and nutrient productivity (HI × biomass / nutrient absorbed by plants) in crops. Therefore, enhancement in HI could simultaneously improve grain yield and water and nutrient use efficiencies in rice. An increase in the grain-leaf ratio (the ratio of the total number of spikelets to the leaf area at heading time) to coordinate source-sink relationships, an increase in the sugar-spikelet ratio [the ratio of the amount of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) in the stems to the total number of spikelets at heading time] to enhance sink strength and NSC remobilization in stems during grain filling, and an increase in the percentage of productive tillers to improve canopy structure are the three important agronomic and physiological approaches to increase HI. The adoption of an alternate wetting and moderate drying irrigation regime and the use of the “three-based on” application technology of nitrogen fertilizer (based on the soil fertility, leaf color, and variety in rice) are two major crop management techniques to increase HI. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of HI in reducing environmental risk, the association of an enhanced HI by more remobilization of prestored NSC in stems during grain filling with lodging resistance, and the relationship between HI and grain quality in rice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100340,"journal":{"name":"Crop and Environment","volume":"2 3","pages":"Pages 157-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49732590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Progress and challenges of rice ratooning technology in Fujian Province, China 福建水稻再生技术的进展与挑战

Crop and Environment Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.crope.2023.05.001

Hongfei Chen, Feifei Yao, Yuncheng Yang, Zhixing Zhang, Changxun Fang, Ting Chen, Wenxiong Lin

{"title":"Progress and challenges of rice ratooning technology in Fujian Province, China","authors":"Hongfei Chen, Feifei Yao, Yuncheng Yang, Zhixing Zhang, Changxun Fang, Ting Chen, Wenxiong Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.crope.2023.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crope.2023.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rice ratooning is a resource-saving and environment-friendly cropping system. It is therefore critical to accelerating the development of ratoon rice production, which has become an important guarantee to stabilize the rice planting area, improve the self-sufficiency rate of rice, and increase farmers' income in Fujian Province. This paper summarized the general rice production trend, the research progress of mechanically harvested ratoon rice technology in variety selection (breeding), fertilizer and water management, and stubble height management. Rice cultivars such as Yongyou 1540, Yongyou 4949, Longliangyouhuazhan, and Y-liangyou 900 were used in farmers' fields in major ratoon rice growing counties such as Pucheng, Jianyang, and Fuqing. The demonstration fields with the application of the ‘3–2–1’ mechanized rice ratooning technology achieved an annual yield of more than 15.00 t ha<sup>−1</sup> for seven consecutive years. In 2021 and 2022, the yield of ratoon crop by the application of the ‘3–2–1’ mechanized rice ratooning technology reached 9.29 and 9.48 t ha<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. In this review, the challenges for the sustainable development of mechanized ratoon rice production were also discussed, and the countermeasures and policy interventions for promoting sound ratoon rice system in Fujian were further proposed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100340,"journal":{"name":"Crop and Environment","volume":"2 3","pages":"Pages 121-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49710490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Progress and challenges of rice ratooning technology in Sichuan Province, China 四川水稻再生产技术的进展与挑战

Crop and Environment Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.crope.2023.04.006

Peng Jiang , Lin Zhang , Chao Chen , Xingbing Zhou , Mao Liu , Hong Xiong , Xiaoyi Guo , Yongchuan Zhu , Fuxian Xu

{"title":"Progress and challenges of rice ratooning technology in Sichuan Province, China","authors":"Peng Jiang , Lin Zhang , Chao Chen , Xingbing Zhou , Mao Liu , Hong Xiong , Xiaoyi Guo , Yongchuan Zhu , Fuxian Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.crope.2023.04.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crope.2023.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sichuan Province is the primary region of ratoon rice production in China. This review summarizes the research progress of theories and technologies relating to the efficient cultivation of high-yielding ratoon rice based on the following: (1) ratoon rice planting area in Sichuan can be divided into three climatic zones based on the thermal energy availability, i.e. highly suitable, suitable, and sub-suitable zones; (2) grain yield in the ratoon season in Sichuan is 1.80–3.90 t ha<sup>−1</sup> lower than that in southeastern and central China. The lower ratoon season yield in Sichuan was associated with fewer panicles m<sup>−2</sup> and spikelets panicle<sup>−1</sup>; (3) the effects of rice cultivars selection, optimal nitrogen fertilizer and water management, timely harvest of the main crop, suitable rice stubble height, and sheath blight control on improving the ratooning ability of rice cultivars were examined; (4) factors restricting ratoon rice production in Sichuan include unstable ratoon rice yields, lack of suitable rice cultivars as simplified cultivating for ratoon rice, lack of high-efficiency and specialized rice harvester for ratoon rice, large yield gap between demonstration area and farmer’ paddy fields, and rolling damage from mechanical harvesting of main crop; and (5) new ratoon rice technologies relating to future development trends in Sichuan are clarified, including simplified cultivation techniques, integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy techniques, screening high-efficiency and specialized rice harvester, and desirable traits for breeding rice cultivars with strong ratooning ability and suitable growth duration in ratoon rice system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100340,"journal":{"name":"Crop and Environment","volume":"2 3","pages":"Pages 111-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49710186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrated impacts of irrigation and nitrogen management for balancing winter wheat yield and greenhouse gas emissions 灌溉和氮肥管理对冬小麦产量和温室气体排放平衡的综合影响

Crop and Environment Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.crope.2023.06.001

Hongzheng Shen, Shilei Li, Kexin Sun, Yunhe Gao, Yanxin Liu, Xiaoyi Ma

{"title":"Integrated impacts of irrigation and nitrogen management for balancing winter wheat yield and greenhouse gas emissions","authors":"Hongzheng Shen, Shilei Li, Kexin Sun, Yunhe Gao, Yanxin Liu, Xiaoyi Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.crope.2023.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crope.2023.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Irrigation and nitrogen (N) input are effective methods of balancing crop yields and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, the effects of irrigation and N management on the GHG emission of winter wheat production systems have not yet been well documented. Therefore, we conducted 2-year field experiments on winter wheat and studied the effects of irrigation and N reduction/replacement on GHG emissions, grain yield, global warming potential (GWP), and GHG emission intensity (GHGI). The winter wheat was irrigated once or twice with 60 or 90 mm each time. Five N reduction/replacement treatments were no N application (CK), 25% traditional urea (U) reduction (75%U), traditional U (U), 25% reduction in polymer-coated U (PCU), and 25% reduction in traditional U combined with organic fertilizers (U + OM). The results indicated that N reduction/replacement significantly reduced N<sub>2</sub>O emissions, but had no significant effect on CH<sub>4</sub> emissions. Soil water-filled pore space was the same key factor affecting the emission fluxes of N<sub>2</sub>O and CH<sub>4</sub>. Soil temperature significantly affected the fluxes of CH<sub>4</sub> (P < 0.001). Irrigation treatment did not exhibit a significant effect on grain yield, but high irrigation input increased the GWP and GHGI. Compared with U, the grain yield of CK, 75%U, PCU, and U + OM increased by −46%, −9.2%, −1.8%, and 5.4%, respectively; GWP decreased by 35.9%, 11.6%, 7.3%, and 2.7%, respectively; and GHGI decreased by −22.1%, 3.1%, 6.0%, and 8.0%, respectively. Therefore, sustainable production goals of increasing grain yield and reducing GHG emissions were achieved with N reduction/replacement using U + OM and low irrigation input of 60 mm.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100340,"journal":{"name":"Crop and Environment","volume":"2 3","pages":"Pages 126-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49732750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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