Cleaner Waste Systems最新文献

{"title":"The impact of socio-economic factors on recycling behavior and waste generation: Insights from a diverse university population in the UAE","authors":"Omar Walid Daoud ,&nbsp;Vian Ahmed ,&nbsp;Ayman Alzaatreh ,&nbsp;Chiraz Anane","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid increase in global waste generation, driven by urbanization, industrialization, and population growth, presents pressing environmental challenges. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), rapid economic development has been accompanied by numerous initiatives aimed at addressing sustainability challenges, particularly in waste management. However, existing research often overlooks the socio-economic determinants of recycling behaviors in multicultural populations, particularly in the UAE. Most studies focus on homogeneous communities or broader municipal waste management strategies, leaving a gap in understanding how diverse socio-economic backgrounds influence recycling attitudes and practices. This study addresses this gap by examining the recycling behaviors of the diverse student population at the American University of Sharjah (AUS), which serves as a microcosm of society. To fill this research gap, the study employs survey-based data collection, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). CFA was chosen to validate the measurement model, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of key constructs. SEM was selected for its ability to examine complex relationships among latent variables, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of how factors such as awareness, intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, and perceived barriers influence recycling behaviors. The results reveal that intrinsic motivations, such as environmental awareness and responsibility, exert a stronger influence on recycling behaviors than external incentives like financial rewards. Specifically, SEM results indicate that high awareness levels significantly predict positive recycling attitudes and behaviors (p &lt; 0.001), while barriers such as time constraints, complexity, and lack of infrastructure hinder participation. The findings have important practical implications, suggesting that tailored educational programs, enhanced recycling infrastructure, and targeted incentives can foster sustainable recycling behaviors. By leveraging the unique diversity of AUS students, the study provides actionable recommendations for policymakers and academic institutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding household hesitancy: Analysis Of E-waste recycling application adoption among indian recyclers","authors":"Saurabh Verma ,&nbsp;Rohit Yadav ,&nbsp;Herlandi De Souja Andrade ,&nbsp;Sunil Kumar Yadav","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the pursuit of sustainable waste management, waste reduction and reuse remain paramount, requiring proactive interventions well before products reach their end-of-life stage. However, despite the potential of digital innovations, the adoption of e-waste recycling mobile applications remains a challenge, particularly in emerging economies like India. This is a study that analyses psychological and functional enablers for adoption of e-waste recycling applications among Indian households who already engage in e-waste recycling. This research uses Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework to study how functional enablers (Ease of Use, Perceived Value, Perceived Trust &amp; Security) and psychological enablers (Positive social influence, Cultural Fit) affect attitudes towards the behaviour, intention to recycle and the actual recycling behaviour. Data were collected through a survey of 271 respondents through PLS SEM. Results indicated that all significant predictors were Positive Social Influence, Perceived Trust &amp; Security, Cultural Fit, and Perceived Value, and ease of use was not a significant predictor. In addition, attitude and perceived behavioral control have strong effect on recycling intention which, in turns, is positively related to actual recycling behavior. Subjective norms, however, did not significantly affect recycling intention: in this case, pressure to conform from the social environment does not appear to be a strong influence compared to personal motivation, or how easy it is to recycle. Theoretical and managerial implications of these findings are offered to assist in increasing e-waste recycling application adoption by improving the participatory ecosystem through community driven awareness campaigns, increased security and financial incentives designed to increase adoption. In order to address these enablers, specifically targeted interventions can be designed to promote household engagement thereby improving e-waste recycling in India.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harvesting sustainability: Transforming traditional agri-food supply chains with circular economy in developing economies","authors":"Madushan Madhava Jayalath ,&nbsp;H. Niles Perera ,&nbsp;R.M. Chandima Ratnayake ,&nbsp;Amila Thibbotuwawa","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the integration of Circular Economy (CE) practices to enhance sustainable production in order to reduce waste in Traditional Agri-food Supply Chains (TAFSCs) in developing economies. Previous research on waste in agri-food supply networks has mostly focused on material waste without considering the broader aspect of the supply chain flows, while extant research on CE has focused on the industrial sector emphasizing a gap on sustainable CE driven agricultural models. This article addresses that gap by proposing the concept of supply chain waste, highlighting the need of consistent flows in material, information, and financial flows while integrating CE driven sustainable production strategies. Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), the study identifies information flow as the most impactful flow in minimizing supply chain waste, followed by material and financial flows. The study identified ten waste categories under supply chain flows and data fragmentation, poor logistics coordination and demand-supply mismatch are key waste categories. CE practices such as collaborative platforms, precision agriculture, vertical integration, smart packaging, closed-loop systems and resource recovery are evaluated for their effectiveness in resolving these waste types. The results underscore the need for information sharing systems via collaboration, optimized resource use through precision agriculture and vertical integration to lead towards equitable profit sharing and minimized resource waste while improving sustainability in TAFSCs. This study offers strategic insights for policymakers and stakeholders to develop more efficient and resilient vegetable supply chains in developing economies, highlighting the importance of digitization, public-private partnerships, and financial support in overcoming existing challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wood waste reduction through volumetric modular building techniques","authors":"Catherine E. Bond ,&nbsp;John Killingsworth ,&nbsp;Jonathan W. Elliott ,&nbsp;Zachary Schaller ,&nbsp;Steven Conrad","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2018, the United States’ construction and demolition sector produced 41 million tons of wood waste, 73 % of which went to landfills. Transitioning to a circular economy is one way to reduce organic construction waste in landfills and, therefore, reduce methane emissions. Modular construction techniques present one approach to advance circular economy in construction. This study examines whether volumetric modular construction produces less wood framing waste than traditional site-built construction. Using a comparative case study method, researchers found that the controlled factory environment of volumetric modular construction allowed for substantially increased wood waste aversion and diversion over traditional site-built construction. Our findings suggest wood waste savings of 32 % and an 88–91 % reduction in waste that went to the landfill. Even allowing for differences in measurement accuracy and the inferential limitations of case studies, our results provide new evidence regarding the relative efficiency and environmental impact of volumetric modular construction. Further, this study highlights that modular construction techniques intrinsically support the aims of a circular economy through elimination of waste through superior design and systems. While this study focused on wood materials within a given industry sector and region, opportunities for further research to expand this study through the investigation of other materials within the off-site construction industry exist.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on site selection of municipal solid waste landfill based on FAHP and FTOPSIS techniques in Barsat Municipality Area, West Bengal, India","authors":"Sanjib Majumder ,&nbsp;Ruqaiya Fatma","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, India has experienced a dramatic rise in waste generation due to rapid urbanization coupled with economic growth and higher consumption patterns. Thus, finding an ideal site to dump a city’s solid waste is crucial for managing waste in growing urban areas (e.g., ULBs, Class I and II Cities). In this study, ideal municipal solid waste landfill sites were delineated in Barasat Municipality Area (BMA) using Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and Fuzzy Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution (FTOPSIS) model. As output, 8 ideal solid waste landfill sites were identified which were further assessed based on expert’s views and post-analysis field observation. Finally, sites 1b and 7 were selected as the most ideal for proposing new waste landfill locations in Barasat Municipality Area (BMA). The outcomes from this study will help local authorities make informed decisions about planning, choosing the best locations for waste landfills in the near future and sustainable waste management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Smart Marine Debris Management System for a sustainable coastal city: An IoT-based application","authors":"Naratorn Sangprasert,&nbsp;Keerati Inthavisas","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine debris poses a significant environmental challenge, particularly in developing coastal regions. This study presents an innovative IoT-based marine debris management system aimed at addressing the limitations of traditional waste management practices. The system integrates components such as ultrasonic sensors, imaging devices, Global Positioning System (GPS), and microcontrollers to enable real-time monitoring, automated alerts, and geolocation tracking of marine debris. Field trials conducted in coastal regions of Thailand demonstrate the system’s capability to enhance operational efficiency by reducing manpower, optimizing waste collection processes, and minimizing costs. The prototype is cost-effective, scalable, and adaptable, making it particularly suitable for deployment in developing countries with limited resources. Despite limitations such as reliance on solar power and sensor performance in adverse weather conditions, the system’s design shows promising potential for integration with existing waste management frameworks. Future improvements, including the incorporation of artificial intelligence for predictive analytics and debris classification, could further strengthen its role in supporting sustainable coastal urban development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance enhancement of natural asphalt using waste-derived modifiers: Sugarcane molasses and waste engine oil","authors":"Amjad H. Albayati ,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Mohammed ,&nbsp;Mazen J. Al-Kheetan ,&nbsp;Aliaa F. Al-ani ,&nbsp;Nazar K. Oukaili ,&nbsp;Mustafa M. Moudhafar ,&nbsp;Mayank Sukhija ,&nbsp;Yazeed S. Jweihan ,&nbsp;Seyed Hamidreza Ghaffar","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for sustainable and high-performance asphalt binders has prompted the exploration of waste-derived modifiers. This study investigates the performance enhancement of Natural Asphalt (NA) using Sugarcane Molasses (SM) and Waste Engine Oil (WEO). The modified blends were prepared by partially replacing 50 % NA with varying proportions of SM and WEO ranging from 10 % to 40 % of the total weight of NA. Comprehensive testing was conducted, including penetration, softening point, ductility, viscosity, Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR), Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results demonstrated that modified blends with a high WEO content significantly increased fluidity, reducing rotational viscosity by up to 91 % for the blend with 40 % WEO and 10 % SM at 135 °C. Conversely, higher SM content increased stiffness, as seen in the blend with 40 % SM and 10 % WEO, with penetration values rising by 305 % compared to unmodified NA. Rheological testing showed that the 40 % SM and 10 % WEO blend achieved the highest rutting resistance with a Performance Grade (PG) of 88 °C, while the 40 % WEO and 10 % SM blend exhibited the best fatigue resistance with a 55 % reduction in G* .sinδ. Low-temperature performance was significantly improved across all blends, with the 40 % WEO and 10 % SM blend achieving the lowest creep stiffness and highest m-value, ensuring superior thermal cracking resistance. Chemical analysis revealed increased oxygen content (18.6 %) and reduced sulfur content (60 %) in the 40 % SM and 10 % WEO blend, indicating enhanced oxidation resistance. SEM analysis confirmed the development of dense morphology in the 40 % SM and 10 % WEO blend, correlating with superior structural integrity. Grey decision analysis identified the 40 % SM and 10 % WEO blend as the optimal blend with the lowest bull’s-eye distance, reflecting balanced performance across all parameters. These findings highlight the complementary effects of SM and WEO in enhancing the performance of NA, with the 40 % SM and 10 % WEO blend emerging as the most promising blend for bio-asphalt applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction of heavy metal uptake by lettuce (Lactuca sativa) under synthetic wastewater irrigation using adsorbents for soil amendment","authors":"Clement Gbaal Letey ,&nbsp;Felix Kofi Abagale ,&nbsp;Richard Agyemang Osei","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many developing countries across the globe have adopted the use of wastewater for irrigation due to the scarcity of fresh water resources coupled with high demand for food for the growing population. Agricultural soils are contaminated with toxic metals such as lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) by wastewater irrigation leading to the uptake of the metals by plants. In this study, shea nut shell biochar, groundnut shell biochar, raw shea nut shell, and raw groundnut shell adsorbents were amended with soil to reduce the uptake of Pb and Cd by lettuce grown under wastewater irrigation. Two particle sizes of each adsorbent; &lt; 5 mm and &gt; 5 mm each was added to the soil at ratios of 1:2 and 1:5. The plants were grown for 52 days and irrigated with synthetic wastewater for 38 days before harvesting. There was a significant difference (p &lt; 0.001) in the concentration of Pb and Cd in the tissues of lettuce and soil among treatments. Treatment with a 1:2 (biochar to soil) recorded the lowest concentrations of Pb and Cd in the soil and lettuce. The concentration of Pb and Cd in the soil ranged from 0.64 ± 0.0025 mg/kg to 1.99 ± 0.0025 mg/kg and 0.12 ± 0.001 mg/kg to 0.27 ± 0.0185 mg/kg respectively. &lt; 5 mm shea nut shell biochar at a ratio of 1:2 treated soils recorded the lowest concentrations of Pb and Cd, whereas the highest concentrations were recorded in the control. The concentration of Pb and Cd accumulated in the lettuce ranged from 2.25 ± 0.023 mg/kg to 3.58 ± 0.005 mg/kg and 0.14 ± 0.002 mg/kg to 0.26 ± 0.003 mg/kg respectively. Generally, the reduction of both metals in the soil and lettuce was in the order of shea nut shell biochar &gt; groundnut shell biochar &gt; raw groundnut shell &gt; raw shea nut shell &gt; Control. The health risk assessment indicated that the daily intake of metals for both Pb and Cd for both adults and children was below the recommended limits. The values of health risk index and target hazard quotient were &lt; 1. It is thus recommended that, to reduce Pb and Cd contamination in soils, &lt; 5 mm shea nut shell biochar should be used at a ratio of 1:2 to reduce heavy metal uptake by plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An analytical approach to designing a circular waste management system","authors":"Paria Fakhrzad ,&nbsp;Manish Verma","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing generation of medical waste, driven by higher consumption levels, changing lifestyles, and natural disasters, threatens both the environment and human health. Medical waste from healthcare centers is particularly concerning due to its hazardous nature, necessitating effective management strategies. This study addresses key challenges in Medical Waste Management Systems (MWMS), including fluctuating waste generation, diverse waste types, incompatible handling practices, container and truck management, and the need for sustainable circular waste management. To tackle these issues, we developed a two-stage Stochastic Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model to optimize MWMS network design. The model incorporates revenue generation from recycling, Waste-to-Energy (WTE) conversion, and container reuse while minimizing costs and environmental impacts. The model’s robustness is enhanced through data-driven parameter estimation, treatment technology selection, and revenue forecasting. To efficiently address the computational complexities associated with large-scale stochastic optimization, we employed a combination of the Sample Average Approximation (SAA) technique and a novel Hybrid algorithm that integrates deterministic optimization with metaheuristic methods, enhancing solution robustness and scalability. The model’s efficacy was validated through a case study in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, where results demonstrated a 90.5 % reduction in computational time and a 56.7 % reduction in binary variables compared to the original model. The optimized solution achieved an annual waste disposal capacity of 300,000 tons, with an average revenue of $55 million, including $24.1 million from waste disposal, $17.1 million from recycled products and electricity, and $12.3 million from container reuse. Additionally, the network design reduced operational costs to $29.6 million and transportation costs to $6.4 million. This research contributes to the field by addressing gaps related to waste-to-container compatibility, revenue generation from reused materials, and uncertainty management. Future work may focus on enhancing predictive models for waste generation, integrating real-time data analytics, and expanding the framework to other regions with diverse waste management challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening and characterization of thermally modified biowaste-derived hydrochars for slow-release fertilizer for alkaline soil reclamation","authors":"Karan Sathish,&nbsp;Shweta Saraswat","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global biowaste generation is increasing, posing environmental and health risks, while offering opportunities for resource recovery, particularly through bioenergy and soil enhancement. This study evaluates the physicochemical properties, structural modifications, and urea sorption capacity of hydrochars derived from wheat straw (WS), fruit peels and pulps (PP), and sewage sludge (SS) under hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) at 180°C, 220°C, and 260°C with a 1-hour retention time. The goal is to identify the optimal feedstock and HTC temperature for slow-release fertilizers in alkaline soil reclamation. Proximate analysis showed that WS and PP hydrochars at 260°C were most suitable for soil applications due to their high fixed carbon (FC) and ash content (AC), enhancing carbon sequestration and stability. Hydrochars with an O/C ratio below 0.4, particularly WS-260 and PP-260, demonstrated enhanced stability. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed functional group changes like dehydration and decarboxylation, improving soil properties such as cation exchange capacity (CEC). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated increased porosity and surface deformation with temperature, boosting nutrient retention and microbial activity. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed reduced crystallinity, enhancing hydrochar effectiveness in contaminant stabilization and soil health. Freundlich isotherm modeling showed high urea sorption, with WS-260 achieving the highest adsorption efficiency (KF = 9.35; n = 2.37). WS-260 hydrochar holds promise for soil reclamation, carbon sequestration, and fertility improvement in nutrient-poor soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}