Civil Engineering Design最新文献

{"title":"Automating computational design with generative AI","authors":"Joern Ploennigs,&nbsp;Markus Berger","doi":"10.1002/cend.202400006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cend.202400006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>AI image generators based on diffusion models have recently garnered attention for their capability to create images from simple text prompts. However, for practical use in civil engineering they need to be able to create specific construction plans for given constraints. This paper investigates the potential of current AI generators in addressing such challenges, specifically for the creation of simple floor plans. We explain how the underlying diffusion-models work and propose novel refinement approaches to improve semantic encoding and generation quality. In several experiments we show that we can improve validity of generated floor plans from 6% to 90%. Based on these results we derive future research challenges considering building information modeling. With this we provide: (i) evaluation of current generative AIs; (ii) propose improved refinement approaches; (iii) evaluate them on various examples; (iv) derive future directions for diffusion models in civil engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":100248,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Design","volume":"6 2","pages":"41-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cend.202400006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141967361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Realignment of Civil Engineering Design","authors":"Matthias Flora","doi":"10.1002/cend.202410000","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cend.202410000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100248,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Design","volume":"6 2","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cend.202410000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141832555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A semi-automated and structured approach for creating a Geotechnical Synthesis Model","authors":"Hannah Werkgarner,&nbsp;Hannah Salzgeber,&nbsp;Hans Exenberger,&nbsp;Manfred Harder,&nbsp;Larissa Schneiderbauer","doi":"10.1002/cend.202400007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cend.202400007","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article presents an innovative approach to structured information exchange in ground modeling, integrating geology, geotechnics, and hydrogeology. It proposes a data framework seamlessly merging the DAUB's modeling guidelines with the University of Innsbruck research. Addressing diverse data management challenges and ensuring interoperability, the workflow offers solutions for CAD- and interpolation-based modeling, enabling semi-automated generation of Geotechnical Synthesis Models with open file format export. Overcoming obstacles, the article introduces a uniform rasterization method, defining a tunnel-specific repository voxel (Tuxel). Results showcase a streamlined, semi-automated process using Autodesk Civil 3D® and Seequent Leapfrog Works®, enhancing data uniformity and enabling cross-project information exchange. This workflow provides practical solutions for collaborative ground modeling within BIM/TIM frameworks, fostering efficient and standardized data handling.</p>","PeriodicalId":100248,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Design","volume":"6 2","pages":"26-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cend.202400007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141968164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of a raise boring reamer in operation based on acceleration measurements","authors":"Matthias Rigler,&nbsp;Raphael Speck,&nbsp;Matthias Flora","doi":"10.1002/cend.202400005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cend.202400005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The understanding of the complex dynamic phenomena occurring during the reaming operations of the raise boring process is limited. Any operational damage of the reamer is very likely to be caused by component failure due to fatigue effects from the dynamic processes. Therefore, an innovative measurement setup consisting of acceleration sensors in three axes was installed on a reamer to capture its movements and vibrations during operation. The capture of the reaming process by acceleration sensors was successful, however no operational damage on the reamer was observed during the reaming of three vertical shafts. The collected vibration data was implemented into a dynamic finite element assessment, which is intended to serve for lifetime predictions of components and predictive maintenance. A further step is investigating the potential for the implementation of the measurement data into a condition monitoring system and for optimizing the reaming operation.</p>","PeriodicalId":100248,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Design","volume":"6 2","pages":"53-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cend.202400005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141968123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use cases of a digital twin bridge in operation","authors":"Sonja Nieborowski,&nbsp;Sarah Windmann,&nbsp;Jennifer Bednorz,&nbsp;Iris Hindersmann,&nbsp;Tim Zinke","doi":"10.1002/cend.202400010","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cend.202400010","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The digital twin bridge makes an important contribution on the way to predictive life cycle management. The potentials are many, especially in the life cycle phase “operation.” There, the digital twin bridge can serve as an efficient tool in terms of analyses, predictions, control, and monitoring. The goal is optimized maintenance, the importance of which continues to grow in view of the current challenges for civil engineering structures. It is therefore particularly important that relevant stakeholders with their needs and requirements are involved in the conception of the digital twin bridge at an early stage. This approach is being pursued by the German Federal Highway Research Institute (BASt) in various research projects that already cover partial aspects of the digital twin and is also being continued in an ongoing project to develop an overall concept for the digital twin bridge. Possible use cases were collected and assigned to the topics of “operational processes,” “maintenance planning and implementation,” and “strategic life cycle management.” In a workshop, the use cases were discussed and initially ranked by and with stakeholders. The results form an important basis for the elaboration of the modular overall concept of the digital twin bridge and the way into practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":100248,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Design","volume":"6 2","pages":"33-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cend.202400010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141002191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial note","authors":"Ing. Dirk Jesse","doi":"10.1002/cend.202400011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cend.202400011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100248,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Design","volume":"6 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140552843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of the physical and chemical properties of hardened cement paste on the heat-induced explosive spalling of concrete","authors":"Jochen Reiners,&nbsp;Jochen Zehfuß,&nbsp;Frank Dehn,&nbsp;Christoph Müller","doi":"10.1002/cend.202300020","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cend.202300020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper summarizes the results of two research projects that were carried out between 2016 and 2022 at the VDZ (Verein Deutscher Zementwerke) in Düsseldorf. The objective of the projects was to examine the influence of the cement type as well as the physical and chemical properties of the hardened cement paste on the explosive spalling of concrete in the case of fire. A particular focus was set on studying the way in which the concrete's moisture content contributes to the spalling phenomenon. The findings obtained for the different concretes examined in the dedicated experimental program were evaluated to better explain the mechanisms causing the heat-induced explosive spalling of concrete.</p>","PeriodicalId":100248,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Design","volume":"6 1","pages":"4-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140379227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Free-form reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete, and composite components: Calculation of cross-section values","authors":"Florian Zimmert,&nbsp;Thomas Braml","doi":"10.1002/cend.202300010","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cend.202300010","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A resource-efficient use of concrete as a construction material can be achieved by adapting the individual shape of a component under consideration to the stresses that occur and by arranging composite construction materials (e.g., reinforcing steel, prestressing steel, or structural steel) in suitable areas of the component. Due to the advancing digitalization in the construction industry, for example in the context of Building Information Modeling, computer-aided 3D modeling methods are increasingly being used in the planning of structures. These allow engineers to design components in free form. In reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete, and composite construction, the design of such components is currently still associated with great effort. In the context of the development of a practical method for the calculation of free-form concrete components, this paper presents a CAD-integrated method for the calculation of cross-section values. Cross-section values are required as an essential calculation basis when real, three-dimensional structural components are treated using simplified calculation theories, such as the beam theory. In this paper, the mathematical and numerical fundamentals of a method for the calculation of cross-section values of free-form concrete, reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete, and compound components are presented. The calculation method is based on flat geometric regions described by Non-uniform Rational B-Spline tensor product surfaces, which can be extracted from solid models, for example.</p>","PeriodicalId":100248,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Design","volume":"5 5-6","pages":"95-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cend.202300010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135823912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid assessment of fiber orientation influence on the load resistance of anchors in SFRC","authors":"Nikolaos Mellios,&nbsp;Jeffrey Losse,&nbsp;Panagiotis Spyridis","doi":"10.1002/cend.202300014","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cend.202300014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The consistent evolution of concrete has led to a variety of concrete types that enhance the material's versatility, cost-efficiency, and sustainability. Despite the rapid development and extensive research regarding steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) in the last decades, there are still knowledge gaps on the material's resistance against locally applied tension loads on anchor bolts, as well as the interaction of possible nonhomogeneous fiber orientations on the anchorage axisymmetric stress field. This aspect becomes particularly relevant since anchors are placed at the component boundaries, where fibers tend to align parallel to the external surface. Through an innovative experimental investigation on 64 single-bonded anchors using layer-casting concrete and a supporting set of nonlinear finite element simulations, this work aspires to exhibit the influence of controlled unidimensional fiber orientation on the load-bearing capacity and behavior of anchorages in SFRC.</p>","PeriodicalId":100248,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Design","volume":"5 5-6","pages":"107-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cend.202300014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135775290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New perspectives on carbon reinforced concrete structures—Why new composites need new design strategies","authors":"Manfred Curbach,&nbsp;Josef Hegger,&nbsp;Jan Bielak,&nbsp;Christopher Schmidt,&nbsp;Sven Bosbach,&nbsp;Silke Scheerer,&nbsp;Martin Claßen,&nbsp;Jaan-Willem Simon,&nbsp;Hans-Gerd Maas,&nbsp;Anya Vollpracht,&nbsp;Andreas Koch,&nbsp;Lars Hahn,&nbsp;Marko Butler,&nbsp;Birgit Beckmann,&nbsp;Viviane Adam,&nbsp;Chokri Cherif,&nbsp;Rostislav Chudoba,&nbsp;Thomas Gries,&nbsp;Edeltraud Günther,&nbsp;Michael Kaliske,&nbsp;Sven Klinkel,&nbsp;Stefan Löhnert,&nbsp;Thea Lautenschläger,&nbsp;Thomas Matschei,&nbsp;Viktor Mechtcherine,&nbsp;Wolfgang E. Nagel,&nbsp;Christoph Neinhuis,&nbsp;Alice Niemeyer,&nbsp;Jörg Rainer Noennig,&nbsp;Michael Raupach,&nbsp;Stefanie Reese,&nbsp;Christina Scheffler,&nbsp;Frank Schladitz,&nbsp;Marzia Traverso,&nbsp;Steffen Marx","doi":"10.1002/cend.202200008","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cend.202200008","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In civil engineering, carbon is typically regarded as a modern material to serve as reinforcement in concrete structures. Compared to steel reinforcement, it features two substantial benefits: It is not sensitive to corrosion, and has an enormously increased tensile strength. In contrast, carbon reinforcement is sensitive to lateral pressure and lacks the property of strain hardening. As a first step of establishing carbon reinforced concrete as a new building composite material, carbon reinforcement has basically served to replace the state-of-the-art steel reinforcement. This target led to pioneering findings with respect to determining the material properties of the composite and developing advanced individual components. However, barely substituting steel by carbon does not allow to fully utilize the carbon's benefits while its disadvantageous properties reveal the limits of this approach. Instead, novel design principles are required to meet the material's nature aiming at appropriately using its beneficial properties. Currently, new construction principles are being researched for high-performance building material combinations such as textile and carbon reinforced concrete. This paper provides an overview of baselines in the preliminary stages of this research. The overview includes history, inspiration, concrete matrices, non-metallic reinforcement, structural elements, modeling, production, tomography, and sustainability. The objective of the study is to provide a baseline for the envisaged development of principles for future construction: radically new concepts for the design, modeling, construction, manufacturing, and use of sustainable, resource-efficient building elements made of mineral building materials with the aim of entirely benefiting from the materials' potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":100248,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering Design","volume":"5 5-6","pages":"67-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cend.202200008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135482085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}