BMEMat最新文献

{"title":"Layered double hydroxides-based nanozymes for effective biomedical applications: A review and future perspectives","authors":"Jiawei Cui,&nbsp;Lu Zhang,&nbsp;Junyi Li,&nbsp;Yue Chen,&nbsp;Sheng Dai,&nbsp;Manfred F. Maitz,&nbsp;Ansha Zhao,&nbsp;Ping Yang","doi":"10.1002/bmm2.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bmm2.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nanozymes including noble metals, metal oxides, metal-organic frameworks, carbon-based nanomaterials, and layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have undergone rapid development in recent years. In addition to the cost-effectiveness, high stability, and superior catalytic capabilities of common nanozymes, LDHs have unique characteristics such as extensive surface area, anion exchange capacity, adjustable composition/structure, and low toxicity. Leveraging these properties, LDH-based nanozymes (LDHzymes) with enzyme-like activity demonstrate significant potential for applications, particularly in biomedicine. This review summarizes the preparation methods for LDHzymes with different morphology and elucidates their catalytic activities (including peroxidase-, oxidase-, superoxide dismutase-, and catalase-like activity) and mechanisms. Subsequently, the applications of LDHzymes across biomedical fields are examined, including biosensing and detection, antimicrobial properties, treatment of tumors, and reactive oxygen species-related diseases. Finally, future research directions for LDHzymes are proposed, including the design of high-performance LDHzymes, intelligent therapeutic applications, and the expansion of application fields, which provide a framework for the development of novel LDHzymes for biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":100191,"journal":{"name":"BMEMat","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bmm2.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147614886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silk fibroin-based biomaterials for spinal cord injury repair: Recent advances and future prospects","authors":"Xiaoliang Cui,&nbsp;Xuanwen Wang,&nbsp;Siying Liu,&nbsp;Lilei Wang,&nbsp;Menghong Li,&nbsp;Jun Zhang,&nbsp;Li Wang,&nbsp;Ke-Qin Zhang","doi":"10.1002/bmm2.70026","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bmm2.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Spinal cord injury (SCI) presents significant challenges due to the profound damage it causes to motor functions and sensory. The post-trauma environment, characterized by the formation of cystic lesions and the absence of extracellular matrix, hinders neural regeneration and compromises the survival of transplanted cells. Biomaterials offer a promising avenue by providing a supportive environment for nerve repair. Silk fibroin (SF), a natural protein extracted from the cocoons of <i>Bombyx mori</i> silkworms, stands out for its exceptional biodegradability, biocompatibility, and adjustable mechanical properties. SF can be fabricated into various formats, including sponges, hydrogels, and fibers, making it highly adaptable for numerous biomedical applications such as tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery. Recent advancements in SF-based biomaterials have highlighted their potential in SCI repair by mimicking the native cellular microenvironment, promoting axonal growth, and facilitating tissue repair. This review focuses on the structure and properties of SF, its environmentally friendly processing methods, and the strategies for designing composite scaffolds using SF-based biomaterials for SCI repair. It also examines future challenges and prospects in this promising field.</p>","PeriodicalId":100191,"journal":{"name":"BMEMat","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bmm2.70026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147585193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcium retinoate nanoparticle mediated microglial polarization to regulate inflammatory microenvironment for therapy of neuroinflammatory disease","authors":"Shuo Zhang,&nbsp;Yuan Yao,&nbsp;Wenfeng Shao,&nbsp;Jiapei Shi,&nbsp;Benjie Wei,&nbsp;Chunhui Sun,&nbsp;Jingang Wang,&nbsp;Jiaming Shi,&nbsp;Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek,&nbsp;Wan Hairul Anuar Kamaruddin,&nbsp;Na Ren,&nbsp;Yuchun Tang,&nbsp;Wenjuan Zhou,&nbsp;Shuping Wang","doi":"10.1002/bmm2.70030","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bmm2.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation can lead to progressive neuronal damage, accelerating the development of neurodegenerative changes or existing neurological disorders. Regulating microglial activation to reshape the inflammatory microenvironments has increasingly become a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of neurological diseases. Retinoic acid, a natural small-molecule compound, holds potential neuroprotective and immunomodulatory properties. However, its poor water solubility poses a challenge to its bioavailability. In this study, calcium retinoate nanoparticles (Ca-RA NPs) were proposed and synthesized through a coordination reaction between retinoic acid molecules and calcium ions, which were proved to be easily endocytosed by microglia and rapidly decomposed into small molecule/ion storms in lysosomes. In vitro experimental results demonstrated that Ca-RA NPs can inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced M1 polarization of microglia while promoting their polarization toward the M2 phenotype. Furthermore, the mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of Ca-RA NPs on microglia is closely associated with the inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase and NF-κB signaling pathways. Notably, cell co-culture experiments revealed that Ca-RA NPs mediated immune microenvironment can indirectly promote neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) by selectively modulating microglial M1/M2 polarization. In vivo experimental results further demonstrated that Ca-RA NPs can not only alleviate the local inflammatory microenvironment but also promote the neuronal differentiation of endogenous NSCs to repair damaged neurons, thereby improving the behavioral functions of LPS-induced neuroinflammatory mice. These findings highlight the potential of Ca-RA NPs as a promising therapeutic approach for neuroinflammation by targeting microglia.</p>","PeriodicalId":100191,"journal":{"name":"BMEMat","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bmm2.70030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147579682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing nanomaterials to precisely regulate the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment for enhanced immunotherapy","authors":"Wen Zhang,&nbsp;Xueyin Hu,&nbsp;Wei Cheng,&nbsp;Lumeng Zhang,&nbsp;Yuanfang Chen,&nbsp;Qinrui Fu,&nbsp;Luntao Liu,&nbsp;Saijun Fan","doi":"10.1002/bmm2.70019","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bmm2.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in cancer progression and treatment, particularly in the field of immunotherapy. Composed of diverse cell types and extracellular matrix components, the TME collectively contributes to cancer pathogenesis and resistance to treatment. In recent years, innovative strategies targeting the TME have emerged as promising therapeutic approaches for cancer treatments. This review focuses on the latest advancements in engineered nanomaterials designed to modulate the immune-suppressive characteristics of the TME, including hypoxia, reactive oxygen species levels, high interstitial fluid pressure, and acidity. By strategically manipulating the TME with nanomaterials, we hold promise for creating a more conducive environment for immune cell activation and destruction of tumor cells, thereby enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy. The development of these nanomaterials represents a significant leap forward in our battle against cancer by offering a novel approach to overcome challenges posed by immune-suppressive TME.</p>","PeriodicalId":100191,"journal":{"name":"BMEMat","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bmm2.70019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147579714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro/nanorobots for detecting and eliminating biological and chemical warfare agents","authors":"Song Li,&nbsp;Huaijuan Zhou,&nbsp;Di Shi,&nbsp;Zdeněk Sofer,&nbsp;Jinhua Li","doi":"10.1002/bmm2.70021","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bmm2.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the occurrence of terrorist incidents and the intensification of war situations, concerns about biological and chemical warfare agents (BCWAs) created by mankind are growing due to their chilling characteristics such as high toxicity, high fatality rate, mass destruction, imperceptibility to senses, rapid dissemination, and even easy availability. In most cases, even slight exposure to these BCWAs can be a disaster because of their lethal or incapacitating effects on humans. Hence, it is urgently demanding to develop effective methodologies for sensitive detection and efficient neutralization of BCWAs in a specific scenario. Among various techniques, micro/nanorobots (MNRs), which can transfer energy from surroundings into kinetic energy for self-propelled or field-powered movement, have emerged as state-of-the-art tools to actively combat biological and chemical threats. In this review, the latest research progress in MNRs for sensing and detoxification of BCWAs is presented. Toxins and pathogenic bacteria have been selected as the representatives for biological warfare agents, whereas nerve agents were chosen as typical chemical warfare agents. Besides, the working principles of MNRs based on their locomotion features (e.g., velocity changes) and constructed material characteristics (e.g., fluorescent on/off switch, photocatalytic effect, adsorption, and antibody-antigen recognition) in terms of sensing and detoxification are summarized. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives for the development of fuel-powered and field-driven MNRs and their application in sensing and removing BCWAs are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":100191,"journal":{"name":"BMEMat","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bmm2.70021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147579719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pH-responsive charge-reversal liposome with enhanced biofilm penetration for multimodal synergistic therapy of bacterial infections","authors":"Ruyue Li,&nbsp;Bo Liu,&nbsp;Cheng Wang,&nbsp;Zhencheng Sun,&nbsp;Shuyi Lv,&nbsp;Liang Tian,&nbsp;Minghui Xiao,&nbsp;Qinyang Zheng,&nbsp;Linqi Shi,&nbsp;Chunlei Zhu","doi":"10.1002/bmm2.70014","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bmm2.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biofilm infections pose a significant clinical challenge largely due to the limited penetration of a variety of antibacterial agents, making traditional antibiotic therapies ineffective. In this study, we develop a pH-responsive, charge-reversal liposomal system (TPA-ICN/LVF@Lipo-PyB) loaded with the phototherapeutic agent TPA-ICN and the antibiotic levofloxacin (LVF) for multimodal synergistic therapy of methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) biofilm infections. The surface-grafted pyridine betaine group enables charge reversal of TPA-ICN/LVF@Lipo-PyB through rapid and efficient protonation to enhance its penetration capability in the acidic microenvironment of biofilms. Upon laser irradiation, the liposomal system exhibits both photodynamic and photothermal properties to inactivate bacteria within the biofilm. Simultaneously, the photothermal effect effectively disassembles the liposome due to the presence of thermosensitive phospholipids to trigger LVF release, ensuring the effective eradication of residual bacteria. Remarkably, the multimodal synergistic therapy demonstrates exceptional in vitro bacterial eradication, achieving a 99.99% reduction in MRSA biofilms. Furthermore, TPA-ICN/LVF@Lipo-PyB significantly accelerates the healing of MRSA-infected wounds by reducing inflammation, promoting angiogenesis, and enhancing collagen regeneration. These outstanding therapeutic results highlight the potential of this approach for the safe and effective clinical management of wound infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":100191,"journal":{"name":"BMEMat","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bmm2.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147585236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Programmatic regulation of macrophage polarization by HAp@MXene nanocomposites to promote bone repair","authors":"Laisen Cui,&nbsp;Haina Huang,&nbsp;Yubo Zheng,&nbsp;Jiahao Zhang,&nbsp;Han Hai,&nbsp;Kai Bian,&nbsp;Zhichao Feng,&nbsp;Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek,&nbsp;Wan Hairul Anuar Kamaruddin,&nbsp;Shan Lu,&nbsp;Bojun Xie,&nbsp;Ke Gao,&nbsp;Benjie Wei,&nbsp;Ya Liu,&nbsp;Chunhui Sun,&nbsp;Hong Liu,&nbsp;Chao Liu","doi":"10.1002/bmm2.70034","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bmm2.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Patients with large-area bone defects are highly prone to infection, which significantly hinders healing. This study presents an innovative strategy that combines exogenous physical signals with implantable materials to achieve programmed immune modulation by dynamically regulating macrophage M1/M2 polarization, striking a balance between antibacterial activity and bone regeneration. Specifically, we synthesized HAp@MXene nanocomposites by integrating hydroxyapatite nanorods with MXene nanosheets, resulting in multifunctional materials with unique magnetoelectric properties and controlled Ca²⁺ release. These nanocomposites exert their effects through cellular internalization, where magnetoelectric induction generates intracellular currents to promote macrophage M1 polarization, initiating a pro-inflammatory response to mitigate infection risk. Subsequently, calcium ions are released within lysosomes, driving macrophage M2 polarization to facilitate anti-inflammatory response and promote tissue regeneration. This dual-modality mechanism achieves the precise programmatic regulation of macrophages, accelerates and optimizes the process of bone defect repair, and underscores the immense potential of HAp@MXene nanocomposites in synergistic antibacterial and bone regeneration therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":100191,"journal":{"name":"BMEMat","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bmm2.70034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147585296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D bioprinting in oral and craniomaxillofacial tissue regeneration: Progress, challenges, and future directions","authors":"Huilu Zhan,&nbsp;Haohao Ni,&nbsp;Xingge Yu,&nbsp;Mazaher Gholipourmalekabadi,&nbsp;Tianqi Wang,&nbsp;Kaili Lin,&nbsp;Jinsong Pan,&nbsp;Changyong Yuan","doi":"10.1002/bmm2.70027","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bmm2.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Oral and craniomaxillofacial tissues are essential for maintaining oral functions, including respiration, mastication, swallowing, and speech. They also play a pivotal role in facial aesthetics and overall health. However, the intricate anatomy, co-existence of diverse tissue types, and high demand for functional recovery make regeneration a challenging process. Traditional 3D printing technology is limited to fulfilling morphological requirements and cannot meet the complex demands of multi-tissue regeneration and functional restoration in the oral and craniomaxillofacial regions. In contrast, 3D bioprinting technology enables the creation of biologically functional cell-laden living scaffolds that are highly compatible with defect sites. This advanced approach effectively promotes post-transplantation tissue integration and significantly enhances therapeutic outcomes. This review focuses on the utilization of 3D bioprinting in oral and craniomaxillofacial tissue regeneration. It highlights advancements in biomaterial application and printing technology, and current achievements and challenges in preclinical and clinical research, aiming to facilitate the translational and innovative applications of this technology in oral and craniomaxillofacial repair and reconstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":100191,"journal":{"name":"BMEMat","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bmm2.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147585297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision modulation of tumor excitability: Targeting cell phenotypic heterogeneity for next-generation cancer therapy","authors":"Zonghao Liu,&nbsp;Xingwu Jiang,&nbsp;Gang Liu,&nbsp;Jian Chen,&nbsp;Kun Song,&nbsp;Xu Li,&nbsp;Siew Yee Wong,&nbsp;Ruicheng Shi,&nbsp;Yanyan Liu,&nbsp;Wenbo Bu","doi":"10.1002/bmm2.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bmm2.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electrical excitability, long regarded as a defining property of neurons, is now increasingly recognized in cancer cells, particularly within phenotypically heterogeneous tumor subpopulations. A recent <i>Nature</i> study revealed that the neuroendocrine (NE) subpopulation of small cell lung cancer exhibits neuron-like excitability, capable of generating action potentials and forming intercellular signaling networks that enhance malignancy and metastasis. This discovery highlights how electrical excitability can arise in cancer cells through metabolic reprogramming and dynamic interactions within the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, heterogeneous tumor subpopulations may cooperate to sustain excitability via metabolic coupling. These findings challenge conventional views of tumor biology, establishing a new paradigm in which cancer heterogeneity drives electrophysiological diversity and functional plasticity, fundamentally reshaping our understanding of tumor behavior, communication, and progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":100191,"journal":{"name":"BMEMat","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bmm2.70065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147614878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In situ biomimetic materials for dentin repair","authors":"Jingjing Deng,&nbsp;Siyi Ren,&nbsp;Xuliang Deng,&nbsp;Yan Wei","doi":"10.1002/bmm2.70009","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bmm2.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dental defects, ranking among the most prevalent diseases globally, pose a serious threat to human health, with extensive defects involving dentin leading to complications such as pulp and periodontal diseases, as well as maxillofacial dysfunctions, significantly impairing quality of life. Current clinical treatments primarily rely on rigid materials such as metals, composite resins, and ceramics for macroscopic filling. However, their inherent limitations, differences in compositional and structural characteristics from natural dentin, mismatched mechanical properties, and interfacial adhesion instability, fail to meet the clinical demand for long-term and stable restoration of natural dentin. In situ dentin regeneration, inspired by the complex composition and hierarchical structure of natural dentin, aims to induce the autonomous repair of dentin. This approach effectively overcomes the traditional limitations, shifting from traditional passive filling to active regenerative repair. Based on the growth direction and mineralization pattern of the repair layer, current research focuses on three strategies: “inward growth”, “outward growth”, and “synchronized inward-outward growth”. This review primarily focuses on the roles and clinical applications of key bioactive materials in these strategies, providing a feasible basis for future material and performance optimization of dentin in situ regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":100191,"journal":{"name":"BMEMat","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bmm2.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147579712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}