Biomedical Technology最新文献

{"title":"Engineering biomimetic scaffolds for cultivated meats","authors":"Lanlan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yixuan Shang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Gan ,&nbsp;Zhuhao Wu ,&nbsp;Yuanjin Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emergence of cultivated meat has attracted much attention as a revolutionary product for meat. Biomaterial scaffolds are the key component and have been extensively studied in cultivated meat production, enabling cell adhesion, proliferation, and directed differentiation. However, the structural and mechanical biomimicry of edible scaffolds is hard to be achieved, hindering the large-scale production of cultivated meats. In this paper, we comprehensively summarize the construction of cultivated meat from cell-laden biomimetic scaffolds and its future research directions. We describe the cellular components of cultivated meat composition and their culture medium components. To tailor more edible scaffolds for high-efficient production of cultivated meats, advanced techniques including 3D bioprinting, electrostatic spinning, and tissue molding techniques have been developed. We then discuss recent research advances in scaffolding materials that maintain the three-dimensional (3D) morphology of cultivated meats and bioreactors. Next, we discussed the conditions and problems that should be solved for the industrial production of cultivated meat. Finally, we outline current challenges in the development of cultivated meat and a prospective outlook for the future of cultivated meat. We anticipate that the continued development of cultivated meat will lead to significant advances in the food and medical fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100180,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Technology","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision and customization in regenerative medicine: The role of coaxial 3D printing","authors":"Shengwen Cheng ,&nbsp;Jiaying Wei ,&nbsp;Senrui Liu ,&nbsp;Junyan Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaohong Luo ,&nbsp;Yixuan Lan ,&nbsp;Mingfei Dong ,&nbsp;Liangbin Zhou ,&nbsp;Wei Huang ,&nbsp;Chen Zhao ,&nbsp;Yiting Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coaxial three-dimensional (3D) printing enables precise, multi-material deposition, demonstrating strong potential across diverse fields, including industrial monitoring, health sensing, artificial intelligence (AI) hardware, and food packaging. Its core value is prominently realized in the biomedical domain, where it has revolutionized tissue engineering. The present review consolidates advancements in 3D coaxial bioprinting across diverse biomedical applications, focusing on its transformative potential in vascularized tissue engineering, spatiotemporal drug delivery, and patient-specific disease modeling. This review also explored unresolved challenges, such as bioink optimization and functional vascularization, while proposing integrative solutions that combine coaxial printing with AI and hybrid fabrication strategies. The versatility of coaxial 3D printing is evident in its numerous biomedical applications, such as cardiovascular tissue engineering, skin regeneration, bone repair, and functional muscle constructs. In bone tissue engineering, coaxial printing facilitates vascularization and osteochondral regeneration through spatially controlled bioink and scaffold design. Applications extend to cartilage repair, neuromuscular junction modeling, and tumor microenvironment replication. Despite progress, challenges persist in optimizing bioink rheology, achieving functional vascularization, and scaling production for clinical application. Notably, the integration of advanced materials, such as hydrogels and inorganic salts, with hybrid strategies, including electrospinning and sacrificial printing, highlights the synergistic potential of coaxial bioprinting to transform regenerative medicine, drug screening, and personalized therapies. Ongoing innovations in multi-scale, multi-cellular printing can bridge the gap between engineered constructs and biological functional tissues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100180,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Technology","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145424719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A high-throughput immunopeptidome platform for MHC II alleles to characterize antigen-specific CD4+ T cells","authors":"Jing Chen ,&nbsp;Xu Zhu ,&nbsp;Jun Huo ,&nbsp;Shang Wu ,&nbsp;Ting Zhou ,&nbsp;Chunyu Cheng ,&nbsp;Hao Dong ,&nbsp;Yan Li ,&nbsp;Xianchi Dong ,&nbsp;Yuxin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CD4⁺ T cells play a pivotal role in adaptive immunity, recognizing peptide antigens presented by MHC II molecules during infections and tumor development. Identifying immunodominant MHC II epitopess is essential for understanding CD4⁺ T cell responses; however, current methods such as mass spectrometry, suffer from low sensitivity and throughput, while computational algorithms show variable accuracy. To overcome these challenges, we developed EliteMHCII, a high-throughput immunopeptidome profiling platform that identifies antigen-derived MHC II epitopes and measures peptide binding affinity across 24 globally common MHC II alleles. Using EliteMHCII, we assessed the immunodominant epitopes of the SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein. Validation in vaccinated individuals and humanized mouse models revealed a strong correlation between high-affinity peptides and robust CD4⁺ T cell responses, while low-affinity peptides failed to elicit responses. Therefore, our immunopeptidome profiling platform, EliteMHCII, serves as a rapid, high throughput, feasible platform for CD4⁺ T cell epitope discovery at a global populational level in the context of infectious diseases and cancer immunotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100180,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Technology","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adoptive cell therapy for HBV-associated liver diseases","authors":"Youxi Zhou ,&nbsp;Kaizhao Chen ,&nbsp;Yang Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongwei Cheng ,&nbsp;Shuaishuai Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a common cause of liver disease worldwide, particularly in Asia and Africa, where it is highly prevalent. Currently, therapies for chronic HBV infection, such as nucleoside analogs (NAs), mainly suppress viral replication but rarely achieve a lasting cure. Recently, emerging adoptive cell therapy (ACT), represented by chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T, T cell receptor (TCR)-T, and CAR-NK (Natural Killer) cell therapy, have provided new opportunities for the treatment of numerous diseases. For instance, CAR-T cells can be designed to target HBV antigens and kill HBV-infected cells with safety concerns regarding potential side effects and limitations of CAR-T cell exhaustion. TCR-T cells mainly exert their immune activation effects by recognizing antigen peptide-MHC complexes in HBV-infected hepatocytes. Although the antiviral effects of TCR-T are evident in preclinical studies, they are limited by on-target toxicity and carry a risk of transient liver damage. In addition to CAR-T and TCR-T therapies, CAR-NK cell therapy has shown promising prospects in treating HBV-associated liver diseases. To enhance the safety and efficiency of ACT applications in clinical settings, CAR and TCR structures should be rationally optimized, and combined treatment strategies need to be explored. In this review, we summarize the structure and mechanism of ACT, including CAR-T, TCR-T, and CAR-NK cell therapies, as well as their research progress and challenges in the treatment of HBV-associated liver diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100180,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Technology","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145473558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wireless bioelectric stimulation for bone regeneration using magnetoelectric PVDF/BaTiO3 – Fe80Ga20 laminates","authors":"H.A. Viraji ,&nbsp;Aravinda Abeygunawardane ,&nbsp;S.U. Adikary ,&nbsp;Sajith Edirisinghe ,&nbsp;Aadil Faleel","doi":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100121","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Fracture healing remains a significant clinical challenge, particularly in cases of delayed or impaired recovery, often hindered by inadequate vascularization, patient variability. Conventional stimulation methods relying on implanted electrodes or external coils are constrained by invasiveness, complexity, and patient discomfort. Smart biomaterials capable of providing wireless, localized bioelectric stimulation represent a promising alternative. Among these, magnetoelectric (ME) laminates can convert externally applied magnetic fields into localized therapeutic voltages, enabling non-invasive and patient-specific bone regeneration. Although magnetoelectric systems have shown potential in biomedical stimulation, their electromechanical coupling behavior, tunability, and optimization for orthopedic applications remain insufficiently explored. Understanding these mechanisms through computational modeling is crucial for developing clinically translatable ME-based bone regeneration systems. This study introduces a next-generation trilayer ME laminate integrating a new material pairing: magnetostrictive Galfenol (Fe&lt;sub&gt;80&lt;/sub&gt;Ga&lt;sub&gt;20&lt;/sub&gt;) with a piezoelectric layer of either poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF) or Barium Titanate (BaTiO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;). A fully coupled 3D finite-element model was developed in COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0 to simulate magnetostrictive deformation, interfacial strain transfer, and piezoelectric voltage generation under physiologically relevant magnetic field strengths and frequencies. Parametric studies assessed tunability across varying excitation conditions, while comparative analyses evaluated the performance trade-offs between PVDF- and BaTiO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;-based laminates. Simulations revealed that the proposed trilayer laminate could generate sustained voltage outputs within the osteogenesis-relevant range (100 nV–5 V) without implanted electrodes. Resonance-dependent voltage peaks were sensitive to excitation frequency and adaptable to bone geometry, supporting personalized stimulation protocols. PVDF-based laminates provided higher flexibility and biocompatibility, whereas BaTiO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;-based laminates achieved superior voltage outputs, highlighting design trade-offs relevant for clinical optimization. This work establishes the engineering feasibility and fundamental electromechanical characteristics of magnetoelectric trilayer laminates for wireless bone stimulation. The deterministic modeling approach, incorporating parameter sweeps for laminate thickness, field amplitude, and excitation frequency, provides a first-level sensitivity framework for device design. Overall, the study bridges computational modeling and translational potential, positioning ME laminates as a next-generation platform for non-invasive, customizable, and patient-centered bone regeneration. These findings lay the groundwork for forthcoming &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;in-vivo&lt;/em&gt; validations, advancing the integration of smart magnetoe","PeriodicalId":100180,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Technology","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145578954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microenvironment-feedback hydrogel for precise sequential repair of acute infectious wounds","authors":"Zixuan Tang ,&nbsp;Qingquan Xia ,&nbsp;Jian Li ,&nbsp;Jun Chen ,&nbsp;Xuhua Wu ,&nbsp;Jiang Li ,&nbsp;Jiangyi Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Liu ,&nbsp;Ke Rong ,&nbsp;Xiangchao Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100120","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The healing of acute infected wounds is a multi-stage and sequential biological process. Traditional antibacterial dressings are usually a simple superposition of antibacterial properties and active ingredients, lacking effective coupling with the wound microenvironment, and it is difficult to accurately match the continuous process of infected wound healing. In this study, a pH-responsive hydrogel of sodium alginate and carboxymethyl chitosan interpenetrating network was constructed, and tannic acid (TA) and zinc-doped bioglass (BAG) were loaded through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. In the acidic environment of infection, the enhancement of intermolecular non-covalent interaction leads to the contraction of hydrogel network and the rapid release of TA. In the alkaline environment of healing, the weakening of intermolecular interaction leads to the expansion of hydrogel network and the continuous release of Zn²⁺ and Ca²⁺. <em>In vitro</em> biological evaluation showed that the hydrogel had an effective antibacterial effects against <em>E.coli</em> and <em>S.aureus</em>, and effectively regulated immune response. In addition, the hydrogel effectively removed excessive ROS and significantly increase the activity of cellular antioxidant enzymes, thereby accelerating the wound healing process in animal experiment. This microenvironment-responsive hydrogel provides a new therapeutic strategy for precise sequential repair of acute infectious wounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100180,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Technology","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145578953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics advances in understanding cancer drug resistance","authors":"Xuechao Liu ,&nbsp;Kunpeng Wei ,&nbsp;Enyu Lin ,&nbsp;Yi Li ,&nbsp;Pengzhen Zhuang ,&nbsp;Yanbing Zhou ,&nbsp;Guilai Zuo ,&nbsp;Zhaojian Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancer drug resistance presents a significant challenge in modern oncology, necessitating detailed exploration of its underlying mechanisms and the development of effective counterstrategies. This review aims to systematically evaluate the most recent applications and advancements of multi-omics technologies in elucidating the mechanisms of cancer drug resistance. Multi-omics includes genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, microbiomics, metabolomics, and epigenomics. Notably, emerging methodologies such as single-cell and spatial omics have been instrumental in revealing the biological characteristics and resistance mechanisms of tumor cells across various layers and dimensions. The review highlights resistance mechanisms uncovered through the combined application of multi-omics, including gene mutations and epigenetic modifications, reprogramming of signaling pathways, drug efflux and cytoskeletal reorganization, and DNA repair mechanisms. It also explores novel mechanisms in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), metabolic reprogramming, and microbiome interactions. The review assesses the benefits of integrating multi-omics data, the application of these technologies in identifying key genes and pathways, and their role in personalized treatment strategies. It provides a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic changes and heterogeneity in cancer drug resistance to aid precision treatment strategies. Additionally, the article offers insights into the future directions of multi-omics technologies in oncology drug resistance research and discusses the primary challenges ahead. We aim to provide novel perspectives and directions for innovation and optimization in cancer treatment, ultimately enhancing patient prognosis and quality of life in oncology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100180,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Technology","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting HSPA8 to repress GPX4 and induce ferroptosis in BCR-ABL positive leukemia","authors":"Shuxin Zhong ,&nbsp;Dingrui Nie ,&nbsp;Xueting Peng ,&nbsp;Kangjie Qiu ,&nbsp;Jinyi Liu ,&nbsp;Zhangshuai Dai ,&nbsp;Xianfeng Zha ,&nbsp;Songnan Sui ,&nbsp;Weini Li ,&nbsp;Weizhang Wang ,&nbsp;Cunte Chen ,&nbsp;Yangqiu Li ,&nbsp;Chengwu Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>BCR-ABL positive (BCR-ABL+) leukemia is driven by constitutive activation of tyrosine kinase activity, with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) serving as the standard treatment. However, resistance to TKIs remains a significant clinical challenge. In this study, we demonstrate that HSPA8 is highly expressed in BCR-ABL+ ​leukemia cells, and elevated HSPA8 expression correlates with poor prognosis in BCR-ABL+ ​B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Inhibition of HSPA8 using Apoptozole (Az) or VER15508 (VER) reduced the viability of BCR-ABL+ ​leukemia cells, induced cell death, and suppressed colony formation. Through proteomic analysis, we identified GPX4, a key regulator of ferroptosis, as a major target of HSPA8 inhibition. Notably, co-treatment with HSPA8 inhibitors and GPX4 inhibitors (RSL3), or TKIs, synergistically downregulated GPX4 expression and induced ferroptosis in BCR-ABL+ ​leukemia cells, including those resistant to TKIs. In vivo, combination therapy with Az and RSL3 significantly prolonged survival in a BCR-ABL+ ​leukemia mouse model. Overall, our findings provide compelling evidence that targeting HSPA8, in combination with GPX4 inhibition or TKIs, can effectively induce ferroptosis, overcome drug resistance, and offer a novel therapeutic strategy for these malignancies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100180,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Technology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in organic phosphorescent materials for bioimaging","authors":"Yi Wu ,&nbsp;Zhipeng Zhao ,&nbsp;Shouchang Jiao ,&nbsp;Tianhang Song ,&nbsp;Cong Du ,&nbsp;Binbin Fan ,&nbsp;Yaokun Pang ,&nbsp;Hua Yuan ,&nbsp;Hanlin Ou","doi":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organic room temperature phosphorescent (RTP) materials, characterized by their prolonged luminescence lifetime and superior biocompatibility, exhibit significant potential for applications in bioimaging. Through the application of time resolved techniques, the interference caused by tissue autofluorescence can be substantially minimized, enabling high signal-to-background ratio imaging. Furthermore, these materials serve as promising candidates for temperature sensing probes and photodynamic therapy agents. Although research on RTP materials has expanded rapidly in recent years, a comprehensive review covering organometallic and pure organic phosphorescent materials for bioimaging remains limited. This paper systematically summarizes recent advancements in both organometallic and pure organic phosphorescent materials used in bioimaging and critically discusses the challenges they encounter, aiming to provide valuable insights for future developments in this field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100180,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Technology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144737998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced 3D biomaterials and bioprinting strategies for in vitro modeling of neurodegenerative diseases","authors":"Meenaloshini Gopalakrishnan ,&nbsp;Deepshikaa Kannan ,&nbsp;Karthikeyan Elumalai ,&nbsp;Karthik Karunakar ,&nbsp;Sujaritha Jayaraj ,&nbsp;Mahalakshmi Devaraji ,&nbsp;Nandhini Jayaprakash","doi":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bmt.2025.100089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) remain a major global health challenge due to their progressive nature and lack of curative treatments. Traditional animal models and 2D cell cultures fail to recapitulate the complex microenvironment and human-specific pathophysiology of these disorders. In response, advanced 3D in vitro models incorporating functional biomaterials have emerged as promising platforms for replicating disease mechanisms, enabling personalized medicine, and accelerating therapeutic discovery. This review highlights recent progress in the design and application of bioinspired and engineered biomaterials, including natural, synthetic, and hybrid scaffolds, which mimic the extracellular matrix and guide neural cell behavior. Hydrogels, stimuli-responsive polymers, and conductive nanocomposites are increasingly used in scaffold fabrication and 3D bioprinting. Integration with patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and microfluidic platforms enables the creation of physiologically relevant models that replicate key pathological features. We discuss the importance of quantitative materials characterization including porosity, stiffness, swelling, degradation, and wettability in ensuring scaffold reproducibility and translational relevance. Despite challenges like vascularization and culture stability, innovations are addressing these barriers. Advanced biomaterials enable precise cell placement and structure. High-precision bioprinting and microfluidics support perfusable vessels. AI-driven data integration enhances scalability, optimizes conditions, analyzes large datasets, and improves reproducibility by minimizing batch variability in 3D in vitro models. Recent advances in bioelectric and electrochemical biomaterials including piezoelectric PLLA membranes, wirelessly self-powered Zn/Ag₂O scaffolds, 3D-printed carbon nanoelectrodes, and conductive POSS-PCL/graphene nanocomposites offer promising multifunctional platforms for 3D neurodegenerative disease models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100180,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Technology","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144272579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}