Applied Research最新文献_第8页

Electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) in lung biology and disease 肺部生物学和疾病中的细胞-基质电阻抗传感（ECIS）

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202400059

Lena Schaller, Katharina Hofmann, Fabienne Geiger, Alexander Dietrich

{"title":"Electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) in lung biology and disease","authors":"Lena Schaller, Katharina Hofmann, Fabienne Geiger, Alexander Dietrich","doi":"10.1002/appl.202400059","DOIUrl":"10.1002/appl.202400059","url":null,"abstract":"The lungs are exposed to a hostile environment from both sites: the airways and the vasculature. However, an efficient gas exchange of oxygen (O2) and CO2 is only possible through a very thin alveolo-capillary membrane. Therefore, maintaining cell barrier integrity is essential for respiratory health and function. On the vascular site, endothelial cells form a natural barrier, while in the airways epithelial cells are most important for protection of the lung tissues. Moreover, fibroblasts, by transforming to myofibroblasts, are essential for wound closure after mechanical and chemical microinjuries in the respiratory tract. Along this line, loss of cell resistance in vascular endothelial and lung epithelial cells enhances invasion of pathogens (e.g., SARS-CoV-2) and results in pulmonary edema formation, while increasing barrier function of pulmonary (myo)fibroblasts blocks gas exchange in patients with pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing-based quantification of changes in cell barrier function in lung endothelial and epithelial cells as well as fibroblasts after application of harmful triggers (e.g., hypoxia, receptor agonists, and toxicants) is a convenient and state-of-the-art technique. After isolation of primary cells from mouse models and human tissues, changes in cell resistance can be detected in real time. By using lung cells from gene-deficient mouse models, microRNAs or the small-interfering RNA technology essential proteins for cell adhesion, for example, ion channels of the transient receptor potential family are identified in comparison to wild-type control cells. In the future, these proteins may be useful as drug targets for novel therapeutic options in patients with lung edema or pulmonary fibrosis.","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"3 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.202400059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141822210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Xanthan gum modification to surface and interfacial properties between soil-based matrixes and petroleum oils to minimize soil pollution 黄原胶改性土壤基质与石油之间的表面和界面特性，最大限度地减少土壤污染

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202400096

Firoz Ahmed, Brenda Hutton-Prager

{"title":"Xanthan gum modification to surface and interfacial properties between soil-based matrixes and petroleum oils to minimize soil pollution","authors":"Firoz Ahmed, Brenda Hutton-Prager","doi":"10.1002/appl.202400096","DOIUrl":"10.1002/appl.202400096","url":null,"abstract":"A novel approach exploiting surfaces and interfaces between liquid oils and porous soil media was used to investigate the role of xanthan gum (XG) in minimizing the spread of petroleum oil spills on land. 1.6 wt% XG added to soil-based mixture matrixes (topsoil, sand, clay, and moisture) resulted in a 50% reduction in oil spreading area at 0 and 5 wt% moisture content, at 1.3 cm depth of soil matrix. Also recorded was a 45% increase in time taken for the low- and medium-viscosity oils to penetrate this soil depth. XG alters the surface energy and roughness of the soil matrixes, which additionally contributes to a reduction in oil spreading capabilities. Interfacial phenomena between individual oil droplets and soil matrixes demonstrated variable findings of droplet spreading and penetration with XG, depending upon the heterogeneity of the soil matrix itself. XG assisted a reduced lateral spread in heterogeneous soil matrixes and a reduced vertical penetration in clay-based matrixes. These interfacial results highlighted the often-observed differing transport phenomena at the interface compared with the bulk. This initial study demonstrates a novel approach to incorporate surface energy phenomena into the suite of soil remediation efforts by introducing natural biopolymers in high-risk land oil-spill areas to slow oil contaminant spread. Future studies will further characterize the benefits of XG in containing oil flow.","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"3 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.202400096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141646461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advanced, high-performance thermo-insulating plaster 先进的高性能隔热灰泥

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202300112

A. Athanasiadi, M. Andrikopoulou, M. Smyrnioti, Y. Georgiou, M. Zamparas, V. Dracopoulos, T. Ioannides

{"title":"Advanced, high-performance thermo-insulating plaster","authors":"A. Athanasiadi, M. Andrikopoulou, M. Smyrnioti, Y. Georgiou, M. Zamparas, V. Dracopoulos, T. Ioannides","doi":"10.1002/appl.202300112","DOIUrl":"10.1002/appl.202300112","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of many current studies regarding energy efficiency is the improvement of the thermal resistance of buildings. To fulfill this goal, the development of advanced insulating materials, to be incorporated in the building envelopes, is imperative. Aerogels are ultralight porous materials typically produced via the sol-gel process followed by supercritical drying of the wet gel. They exhibit very high porosities and a mesoporous-macroporous structure which endows aerogels with extremely low thermal conductivity. This makes them ideal candidates for ambient thermal insulation applications. However, the cost for aerogel insulation is considerably higher than the one of standard insulation products. In the present work, highly porous aerogel-like materials based on silica and commercial novolac resin were developed and added to common mortars. The prepared materials were dried under ambient pressure to minimize the manufacturing cost. The bulk density of silica quasi-aerogels was 0.03 g/cm3–0.09 g/cm3 and that of the novolac resin samples 0.09 g/cm3–0.21 g/cm3. The aerogels were incorporated in mortars and cured for 28 days before measurement of thermal conductivity. The values of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the measured samples were 0.047 W/m K–0.058 W/m K for the silica reinforced mortars and 0.036 W/m K–0.044 W/m K for the novolac reinforced ones.","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"3 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.202300112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141650226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of the ageing behaviour of multiple reused polypropylene binding twines 多次重复使用聚丙烯捆扎麻绳的老化行为调查

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-07-07 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202400090

Philippe du Maire, Felix Gärtner, Matthias H. Deckert, Michael Johlitz, Andreas Öchsner

引用次数: 0

Features of the modern development of metal-insulator-metal waveguide based plasmonic sensors 基于金属-绝缘体-金属波导的等离子传感器的现代发展特点

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-07-07 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202400069

Muhammad Ali Butt

引用次数: 0

Α {Silk@Gallic-Acid} hybrid material with controllable antioxidant hydrogen-atom-transfer activity 具有可控抗氧化氢原子转移活性的Α {Silk@Gallic-Acid} 混合材料

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-06-30 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202400043

Annita Theofanous, Yiannis Deligiannakis, Maria Louloudi

{"title":"Α {Silk@Gallic-Acid} hybrid material with controllable antioxidant hydrogen-atom-transfer activity","authors":"Annita Theofanous, Yiannis Deligiannakis, Maria Louloudi","doi":"10.1002/appl.202400043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202400043","url":null,"abstract":"Silk fiber, often acclaimed as the pinnacle of textile materials, finds contemporary applications in the textile industry, health, and cosmetics. Gallic acid (GA) is a well-established natural antioxidant. In the present study, a novel hybrid material SFd@GA was conceptualized and produced via surface grafting of GA onto degummed silk-fibers (SFd). Successful covalent-grafting of gallic acid onto the silk fabric surface was confirmed through Fourier-transform infrared, Raman, thermogravimetric analysis (TG-DTA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrates that gallic moieties grafted on SFd@GA retain their radical/redox activity. The antioxidant capacity of the hybrid material SFd@GA was validated by quantitative analysis of antioxidant hydrogen-atom-transfer (HAT) to DPPH radicals. Our data reveal a 550% increase in antioxidant-HAT activity of SFd@GA versus natural intact silk fiber, and a 1400% increase in antioxidant-HAT activity compared to the degummed silk fiber. The paramount discovery of the present work lies in the capacity for repeated utilization of the hybrid material SFd@GA, without any discernible compromise in its antioxidant-HAT activity. Specifically, we show that SFd@GA can be employed for at least 15 consecutive cycles, retaining >98% of its HAT efficiency, for up to many days of storage under ambient conditions. We discuss this expositional performance via the controllable Hat-activity process that we propose.","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"3 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.202400043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142430289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Two-dimensional adaptive Whittaker–Shannon Sinc-based zooming 基于二维自适应Whittaker-Shannon的缩放

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202400018

Carlo Ciulla, Blerta Shabani, Farouk Yahaya

{"title":"Two-dimensional adaptive Whittaker–Shannon Sinc-based zooming","authors":"Carlo Ciulla, Blerta Shabani, Farouk Yahaya","doi":"10.1002/appl.202400018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202400018","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we introduce a novel image zooming methodology that transitions from a nonadaptive Sin-based approach to an adaptive Sinc-based zooming technique. The two techniques base their theoretical foundation on the Whittaker–Shannon interpolation formula and the Nyquist theorem. The evolution into adaptive Sinc-based zoom is accomplished through the use of two novel concepts: (1) the pixel-local scaled k-space and (2) the k-space filtering sigmoidal function. The pixel-local scaled k-space is the standardized and scaled k-space magnitude of the image to zoom. The k-space filtering sigmoidal function scales the pixel-local scaled k-space values into the numerical interval [0, 1]. Using these two novel concepts, the Whittaker–Shannon interpolation formula is elaborated and used to zoom images. Zooming is determined by the shape of the Sinc functions in the Whittaker–Shannon interpolation formula, which, in turn, depends on the combined effect of the pixel-local scaled k-space, the sampling rate, and the k-space filtering sigmoidal function. The primary outcome of this research demonstrates that the Whittaker–Shannon interpolation formula can achieve successful zooms for values of the sampling rate significantly greater than the bandwidth. Conversely, when the sampling rate is much greater than the bandwidth, the nonadaptive technique fails to perform the zoom correctly. The conclusion is that the k-space filtering sigmoidal function is identified as the crucial parameter in the adaptive Sinc-based zoom technique. The implications of this research extend to Sinc-based image zooming applications.","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"3 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.202400018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aryl structural effect on the photoinitiation abilities of aryl glycine derivatives for polymerization upon exposure to blue light 芳基结构对芳基甘氨酸衍生物在蓝光照射下光引发聚合能力的影响

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202400080

H. Lai, X. Peng, D. Zhu, J. Zhang, P. Xiao

{"title":"Aryl structural effect on the photoinitiation abilities of aryl glycine derivatives for polymerization upon exposure to blue light","authors":"H. Lai, X. Peng, D. Zhu, J. Zhang, P. Xiao","doi":"10.1002/appl.202400080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202400080","url":null,"abstract":"The design and development of photoinitiating systems applicable to visible light delivered from light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have attracted increasing attention owing to the wide application of photopolymerization. In this study, four aryl glycine derivatives are designed and synthesized, and their applicability as visible light-sensitive photoinitiators is thoroughly investigated. Specifically, the photoinitiation mechanism of these aryl glycine derivatives, when combined with iodonium salt, is investigated using steady-state photolysis, fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance spin trapping techniques. It is revealed that radicals can be generated from aryl glycine derivatives/iodonium salt combinations upon exposure to blue LEDs (410 and 445 nm) to induce free radical photopolymerization (FRP) of (meth)acrylates. Additionally, besides FRP, a photobase generator based on one of the investigated aryl glycine derivatives is synthesized and demonstrates the capability to initiate epoxy-thiol polymerization under light irradiation. The remarkable photolatent characteristics demonstrate the significant potential in broadening the application of aryl glycine derivatives in controlled photopolymerization processes.","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"3 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.202400080","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of ionic crystals as interfacial layers in metal-semiconductor junction 离子晶体在金属-半导体结中的界面层作用

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-06-23 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202400028

Basil Eldeeb, Hisham Nasser, Raşit Turan

引用次数: 0

Similarity calculation based on homomorphic encryption 基于同态加密的相似度计算

Applied Research Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1002/appl.202300098

Abel C. H. Chen

{"title":"Similarity calculation based on homomorphic encryption","authors":"Abel C. H. Chen","doi":"10.1002/appl.202300098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/appl.202300098","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, some homomorphic encryption algorithms have been proposed to provide additive homomorphic encryption and multiplicative homomorphic encryption. However, similarity measures are required for searches and queries under homomorphic encrypted ciphertexts. Therefore, this study considers cosine similarity, angular similarity, Tanimoto similarity, and soft cosine similarity and combines homomorphic encryption algorithms for similarity calculation to propose homomorphic encryption-based cosine similarity (HE-CS), homomorphic encryption-based angular similarity (HE-AS), homomorphic encryption-based Tanimoto similarity (HE-TS), and homomorphic encryption-based soft cosine similarity (HE-SCS). This study proposes mathematical models to prove the proposed homomorphic encryption-based similarity calculation methods and gives practical cases to explain the feasibility of the proposed HE-CS, HE-AS, HE-TS, and HE-SCS. Furthermore, this study proposes normalized entropy and normalized Gini impurity as evaluation factors to measure the randomness and confusion of ciphertext. In experiments, the values of normalized entropy and normalized Gini impurity are higher than 0.999, which indicates significant differences between plaintexts and ciphertexts. Moreover, the encryption time and decryption time of the proposed homomorphic encryption-based similarity calculation methods have been evaluated under different security strengths.","PeriodicalId":100109,"journal":{"name":"Applied Research","volume":"3 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/appl.202300098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0