Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde最新文献

{"title":"On-going expansion of Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Kurdj.) in central Europe (Horn.: Aphididae)","authors":"By Petr Starý","doi":"10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00075.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00075.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract:</b> A supplementary research on Russian wheat aphid (= RVA), <i>Diuraphis noxia</i> (Kurdj.) between 1998-99 documented the pest distribution all over the Czech republic already. RVA abundance was proved to be significantly area-dependent within the state. The banker areas are in southern Moravia (district Znojmo, the frontier area near Austria) up to central Moravia. The determined RWA distribution area is much broader than presumed on grounds of climatic characteristics.</p><p>The abundance of RVA generally decreases from the SE to the NW and N direction, as well as with the increasing altitude within the area.The highest altitude a.s.l. of RWA occurrence in the crop was 762 in. The re-classified main expansion route was determined to follow two directions (sourcing from Hungary and Austria) to southern-central-northem Moravia, and to southern Bohemia and further on to the central Bohemian lowland. The field information indicated the development of preference of RWA for barley.</p>","PeriodicalId":100103,"journal":{"name":"Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00075.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71982512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Untersuchungen über Fichtengallenläuse, Dreyfusia spp. (Hom., Adelgidae) und deren Predatoren in der Nord-Türkei","authors":"Von O. Eichhorn","doi":"10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00013.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00013.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract:</b> In the East Pontic mountains at Giresun (Black Sea shore) three species of the genus <i>Dreyfusia</i> have been established: <i>D. nordmannianae</i> Eckst. and <i>D. prelli</i> Grosm. on <i>Abies nordmanniana</i> Link. and <i>Picea orientalis</i> Link. and <i>Dreyfusia</i> nov. spec. on <i>A. nordmanniana</i>. The latter species, earlier known from Greece and the Balkans, but not yet described is most probably unholocyctic on fir.</p><p>In the Zigana mountains between Trabzon and Gümüsane a species producing plenty galls on young <i>P. orientalis</i> trees and closely resembling <i>D. merkeri</i> Eichh. has been observed. Further investigations are necessary to evaluate whether or not it lives unholocyclic on spruce.</p><p>In the West Pontic mountains near Bolu <i>D. nordmannianae</i> was intensively studied in twig infestations on <i>A. bornmülleriana</i> Mattf. The pattern of attack differs greatly from the one experienced in central Europe in that almost exclusively the current year’s shoots are attacked whereas the leader and the older twig axis remain free of attack. In Europe all parts of the trees are colonized.</p><p>Considering the known facts about generation- and morph sequences, morph determination and phenological behaviour of <i>D. nordmannianae</i> the characteristics of their population dynamics in Turkey and the interactions of the curious mode of attack and the extraordinary efficiency of their special predators have been completely evaluated.</p>","PeriodicalId":100103,"journal":{"name":"Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00013.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71977477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of dispensers with different release rates at pheromone trap barriers for Ips typographus","authors":"By R. Jakuš,&nbsp;J. Šimko","doi":"10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00033.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00033.x","url":null,"abstract":",1989), is a significant problem related to the use of thiskind of mass trapping. Recent commercial dispensers aredesigned to ensure a strong attraction. In any event, theyattract more beetles than a single trap actually catches.The low proportion of males per catch in traps baitedwith strong attractants is an additional problem. Accord-ing to S","PeriodicalId":100103,"journal":{"name":"Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00033.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71979099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of seed potato tuber treatment with imidacloprid on some soil and foliar insects in Croatia","authors":"By J. Igrc-Barčić,&nbsp;R. Dobrinčić,&nbsp;M. Maceljski,&nbsp;J. Barčić","doi":"10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00041.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00041.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract:</b> The treatment of seed potato tubers by imidacloprid, as well as the standard granular insecticides applied in the furrow, did not, in four years of trials, sufficiently prevent damage from wireworms, noctuid larvae and mole crickets to potato tubers. The main reason for this failure is the spatial and temporal distance between the application of insecticides and the moment when their action is needed. On the other hand, the effects of imidacloprid applied as seed tuber treatment on the larvae of the Colorado potato beetle was very good: depending upon conditions, it lasted from at least 55, to 70 days at the most. It protected the foliage from any substantial damage from the entire first generation, and ensured high yields. Therefore a decision on seed tuber treatment with imidacloprid in Croatia should primarily depend upon the cost/benefit calculation based on damage expected from the CPB (or aphids), and not from soil insect pests.</p>","PeriodicalId":100103,"journal":{"name":"Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00041.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71979101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term effects of an insecticide application on non-target arthropods in winter wheat - a field study over 2 seasons","authors":"By M. Wick,&nbsp;B. Freier","doi":"10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00061.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00061.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract:</b> The effects of the insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin (Karate) on non-target arthropods in winter wheat were studied throughout two successive seasons in 1998 and 1999. The study particularly focussed on the crop in the growing season after insecticide application (also winter wheat) for detection of potential long-term effects and for determination of the suitability of different sampling methods.The investigations were based on the assumption that arthropod immigration from surrounding areas is limited in large fields. For this reason a simple approach seemed to be feasible. Two plots of equal size (10 ha, adjusted to each other) were defined in a 100 ha field and designated control and treatment plots. Ten sampling points were established on each plot. The following monitoring methods were utilised: visual counting, sweep netting and pitfall trapping. In the first year of investigation, countings and catches were carried out 2 days prior to insecticide application and 2, 16, 30 and 44 days after application. In the next year, they were carried out 365 days and 384 days after insecticide application in the successive crop of winter wheat.At the time of the first sampling prior to insecticide application, the two plots showed significant differences with respect to arthropod density or activity, particularly in visual counting and to a minor degree to sweep netting and pitfall trapping. Lower densities or activities were observed in the plot reserved for treatment. Measures for mathematical equalisation of the results of population densities before pesticide treatment should be considered.After insecticide application, the densities or activities of non-target arthropods decreased, particularly in visual counting and sweep netting. After one year, these effects disappeared to a large extent. Several groups of arthropods reached even higher levels in the treated plot than in the untreated one. The pitfall traps revealed weak activity-decreasing effects in carabids and spiders in the treated plot, but the opposite tendency for staphylinids. Hence, it seems that the conditions in a large field are less homogeneous, and that smaller scale conditions can support processes of recovery in non-target populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":100103,"journal":{"name":"Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00061.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71983252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of effectiveness of Insegar (fenoxycarb 250 g/kg) WP against Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lep., Gracillariidae) and its effect on Cales noacki How. (Hym., Aphelinidae)","authors":"By C. TH. Buchelos,&nbsp;M. Foudoulakis","doi":"10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00019.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00019.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract:</b> Aiming to control the citrus leafminer <i>Phyllocnistis citrella</i> St. while at the same time protecting the biological equilibrium and mainly the beneficial insect <i>Cales noacki</i>, experiments have taken place in the regions of Argolis and Fthiotis, Greece in 1996 and 1997. Insegar (fenoxycarb) 2 5 WP was applied on young citrus trees. During 1996, the compound, applied every 10 days at a rate of 30 g/hI (with or without adjuvant), gave satisfactory protection from <i>P. citrella</i> without substantially harming <i>C. noacki</i> populations. No phytotoxicity symptoms were observed during the experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":100103,"journal":{"name":"Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00019.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71977811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive potential of the parasitic wasp Microplitis rufiventris Kok. reared in hosts treated with the growth regulator precocene II","authors":"By Wedad Khafagi","doi":"10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00055.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00055.x","url":null,"abstract":"The reproductive potential of Microplitis rufiventris Kok. females resulted from Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) larvae topically treated by a constant dose (70 pg/5 pl) of the growth regulator precocene II at different intervals of post-parasitism was studied in the laboratory. The obtained results showed that the effects of PH vary according to the timing of treatment relative to larval development of the parasitoid. Reduction in reproductive capacity of the parasitoid occurred when PII was applied on host larvae containing young parasitoid larvae. Workers should be aware from the delayed effects of precocenes which may occur in later stages of the non-target insects.","PeriodicalId":100103,"journal":{"name":"Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00055.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71979103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rundschau","authors":"","doi":"10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00058.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00058.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100103,"journal":{"name":"Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00058.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71979104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rundschau","authors":"","doi":"10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00083.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00083.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100103,"journal":{"name":"Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00083.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71983253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mit neuen Verfahren gegen Fruchtwickler in Kleingartenanlagen","authors":"Von R. Albert,&nbsp;R. Wolff","doi":"10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00079.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00079.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract:</b> The availability of pesticides in private gardens is limited by local law in the State of Baden-Württemberg in south-west Germany. Only 26 insecticides, fungicides and molluscicides are permitted. Hence, only pesticides such as <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i>, Granulosis Virus, pyrethrum or the pheromone mating disruption method (PMDM) can be used for moth control in apple. The use of beneficials like <i>Trichogramma</i> sp. or <i>Chrysoperla carnea</i> is not limited. PMDM had not been previ-ously investigated in allotments until the experiments reported here were carried out in 1998 and 1999. In these experiments, PMDM was compared with the use of the egg parasites, <i>Trichogramma dendrolimi</i> and <i>T. cacoeciae</i>. The observations were done in 102 allotments, each of about 300 m². The gardeners are members of a special club for the allotments and they often organize the bulk acquisition of plants or fertilizers for the club. Sometimes the club obtains plant protection products when something has to be done in all allotments. The codling moth and the plum fruit moth are important pests in these allotments.</p><p>In 1997, attacks of codling moth were generally low throughout the southern Germany. This was reflected in the allotments where there was less than one per cent fruit damage with PMDM or the egg parasites the following year. During 1999, the attacks were generally much higher resulting in a higher use of insecticides in commercial German orchards. In the allotments, about six to eight per cent of fruits were damaged by the codling moth in both experimental treatments.</p><p>The results indicate that PMDM can be successful in allotments and is equally as effective as the use of egg-parasites. But further experiments are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":100103,"journal":{"name":"Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2000.00079.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71983822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}