Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia最新文献

{"title":"Exploring Land Use Scenarios in Metropolitan Areas: Food Balance in a Local Agricultural System by Using a Multi-objective Optimization Model","authors":"Guido Sali ,&nbsp;Federica Monaco ,&nbsp;Chiara Mazzocchi ,&nbsp;Stefano Corsi","doi":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The assessment of sustainability of agro-food systems is based on different and several tools. However, economic and policy implications of structural changes, such as land use change, and other modifications, for instance a different orientation or farming technique, could be mainly determined through scenario analysis. Especially in metropolitan regions, where the agricultural sector is threatened by various different pressures, a food supply adequately respondent to the demand is needed. In this sense the paper proposes the utilization of mathematical programming to assess some possible scenarios related to a higher compliance between food supply and demand. The approach is based on a linear programming model that takes into account the production and consumption dimensions in the Milan Metropolitan Area. Five scenarios are simulated, with different levels of sustainability and compliance with demand, demonstrating the potentialities of the regional agro-food system in adapting and adjusting itself to such modifications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100063,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 211-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.095","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80334685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fish Rearing Experiment in a Combined Intensive-extensive System (I.E.S.) for Complex Recovery of the Fishery Potential from Water Basins","authors":"Cecilia Bucur ,&nbsp;Mioara Costache ,&nbsp;Daniela Radu ,&nbsp;Nino Marica ,&nbsp;Mihail Costache ,&nbsp;Carmen Georgeta Nicolae","doi":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.09.059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.09.059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 2015, the researchers of the Fish Culture Research and DevelopmentStation of Nucet have experienced a combined intensive-extensive system (I.E.S.) for fish growing, that aimed a complex recovery of the fishery potential from water basins. Fish population in the extensive system (EC3 Nucet pond - 3.8<!--> <!-->ha) was constituted from: carp (<em>Cyprinus carpio</em>) - 300 ex.; North American sturgeon - paddlefish (<em>Polyodon spathula</em>) - 125 ex.; Asian Ciprinidae: silver carp (<em>Hypophthalmichthys molitrix</em>) - 530 ex. and grass carp (<em>Ctenopharyngodon idella</em>) - 185 ex. The combined intensive-extensive system (I.E.S.) was located in the fish growing pond. The module is composed from 8 floating cages (6 x 6 x 2 m each one), module surface was 288 square meters and total volume / module was 576 cubic meters. Stocking density in the intensive system was 500 ex. carps 1 year old / floating cage (4000 ex./module). In the moment when the floating cages were stocked, the average weight of carps was 150<!--> <!-->g/ex., resulting in a total quantity of 600<!--> <!-->kg/module. Total production obtained was 3267<!--> <!-->kg/module (3.803 ex.; 95% survival rate) on average 408<!--> <!-->kg carp / floating cage, without any additional technological interventions. The fish were fed with floating feed (32% protein) and conversion rate (FCR) was 1.37%. The fish were clinically healthy,on the length of the entire experiment, and the quality of aquatic environment was within the rules of good practice for aquaculture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100063,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia","volume":"10 ","pages":"Pages 238-243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.09.059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87040909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spread and Potential Risks of Genetically Modified Organisms","authors":"Margherita Arcieri","doi":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Genetic engineering is a technique that allows to detect, isolate, multiply and transplant specific genes in another living organism. The introduction of genes in another living organism or other species is a process unstable and insecure with side effects and consequences difficult to predict on the recipient genome and interaction with the surrounding environment.</p><p>The main proponent are big business owners of patents in the field of GMOs and other stakeholders, including some GMO growers and scientists, as well as international trading partners.</p><p>The potential economic interests in relation to GMOs in the field of plant breeding are considerable, the world annual turnover of the seed market has now exceeded 35 billion Euros. Today the world market is dominated by only a handful of large operators. The same multinational companies operating in the food, plant protection chemicals, energy and pharmaceutical industries. This concentration allows a small group of corporations to exercise considerable control over the entire production chain of food and related products, thus putting at risk the freedom of choice, the accessibility of prices, open innovation and diversity genetics.</p><p>The development and dissemination of GMOs through these centuries-old-traditions have been called the Green Revolution. The greater use of chemicals in agriculture offers the possibility of a higher gain, but requires a greater dose of herbicides over time, which makes it necessary to look for a more aggressive chemical solution.</p><p>However, on the basis of objective evidence one can conclude that genetic engineering is not fundamentally new to these historical applications. The advent of genetic engineering marks a definitive break between the biotechnology of “old” and the “modern” conception.</p><p>Among the arguments used more frequently to support the use of GMOs, is the need to fight hunger, to ensure the supply of food to a growing world population and the fight against climate change. The majority of genetically modified varieties currently on the market are grown for forage and feed for livestock, for meat and milk consumed in the Western World, or to produce biofuel or plastics.</p><p>The increase in non-food use of edible agricultural products has pushed-up the prices of raw materials and foodstuffs on the world market, which has done nothing but exacerbate food insecurity and poverty in the world. The problems of the global food supply difficulties arise not so much from production to distribution since global production is equivalent to over 150% of global consumption. Consequently this requires a political and economic solution rather than agricultural innovation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100063,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 552-559"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81495430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Concerning the Correlation between Crop Load, Leaf Area and Grape Yield in Few Grapevine Varieties","authors":"Alin Dobrei,&nbsp;lina Dobrei,&nbsp;Gheorghe Posta,&nbsp;Marcel Danci,&nbsp;Eleonora Nistor,&nbsp;Dorin Camen,&nbsp;Mihaela Mălăescu,&nbsp;Florin Sala","doi":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.09.056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.09.056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several red grapevine varieties like Feteasca neagra, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot noir, Merlot, Burgund and Cadarca were investigated during 2014-2015 in the vineyard Minis-Maderat. Following research, correlations and mathematical models were made differentiated between crop load, leaf area and grapes quality (sugar content, titratable acidity, <em>sugar-acidity index</em> and anthocyanins). Optimal crop load varies from one variety to another, depending on each of them. The effect of four crop load (20, 30, 40 and 50 buds/vine) was study for their influence on yield and grape quality. The quality of production is an indicator that can be best optimized by proper pruning. From this point of view, Feteasca neagra and Merlot varieties had the best behaviour, while the Burgund and Cadarca recorded smaller qualitative differences between experimental variants. Correlations and mathematical methods vary from one variety to another; superior quality indices were recorded at different crop load, determined with precision by <em>statistical</em> and <em>mathematical</em> methods and <em>interpretation.</em> Although pruning is a technological stage extensively studied, it can be optimized for each variety according to the production destination, environmental conditions and vineyard management. Statistical analysis showed that the Cabernet Sauvignon variety perform the best concerning the grape quality parameters while Burgund and Merlot are varieties with week results in both experimental years. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of crop load on grape quality, grape yield and photosynthetic efficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100063,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia","volume":"10 ","pages":"Pages 222-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.09.056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87952027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Composite Index to Measure the Italian “Enological Vocation”","authors":"Massimo Greco,&nbsp;Matteo Mazziotta,&nbsp;Adriano Pareto","doi":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Italian wine industry is going through, during a general economic crisis, a period of strong growth and expansion in the world markets. The quality of products, characterized by tradition and innovation, has defeated the involution of the Italian entrepreneurial system. The variety of wines produced represents the peculiarities of the Italian territory. The aim of this paper is to measure a multidimensional phenomenon, the “Enological vocation” of the Italian provinces, through the use of a composite index. The results highlight both areas of the territory for which it is known the strong vocation and less known areas where you need to do further investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100063,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 691-697"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75499558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biophysical Monitoring on the Effect on Different Composition of Goat and Cow Manure on the Growth Response of Maize to Support Sustainability","authors":"Yuda C. Hariadi,&nbsp;Arry Y. Nurhayati,&nbsp;P. Hariyani","doi":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Currently Indonesia has targeted to satisfy the national demand of maize by fulfilling its own production. The policy will benefit the social economy of the local farmers and communities and create a variety of jobs. Attempts in fulfilling demand should uphold production sustainability, even then many indication show declining capability of soil to have increased. Reducing the capability of soil may lead to the reducing of productivity. Many well-documented data show that using organic fertilizer such as manure might improve soil's biological properties as well as its nutrition, production and quality of the obtained maize. Nevertheless, these improvements depend on the chemical composition of the green manures applied to the soil. Manures have different varieties in its chemical composition of nutrition, and heavy metal content depending on the diet. Little attention has been given by farmers on the probability of their plants might be contaminated by lead. Lead has been known to have a detrimental effect on plants. Therefore monitoring the effect is needed. The research was dedicated to participate on the effort of increasing productivity by promoting manure usage such as goat and cow manure on growing maize. Different compositions of goat and cow manure were applied on the soil media growth of maize on the glasshouse. The growth was monitored biophysically by measuring the leaves surface electrical difference and area and observing for signs of chlorosis. Result has shown that the addition of manure on soil has increases leaf area and electrical potential difference compared to the maize grown in a mere soil media. It is concluded that renewable fertilizer such as cow and goat manure was important in increasing plant growth. A composition of 2/3 soil and 1/3 goat manure was optimal for the leaves growth followed by composition of 2/3 soil and 1/3 cow manure. No signs of stress symptoms such as chlorosis were found; meaning that on all compositions of manure used in the research might be safe for plant and soil and pose no threat for human safety. Further monitoring is needed to ensure no lead contamination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100063,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 118-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82199831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dairy Cows’ Welfare Assessment in a Farm from South-Eastern Romania","authors":"Florin Furnaris,&nbsp;Oana Margarita Ghimpeteanu,&nbsp;Gabriel Predoi","doi":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.09.081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.09.081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to assess the welfare level of dairy cows in a farm from the South-Eastern Romania, in a mixed house with free-stalls inner space division. The welfare level was established by using an integrative numerical assessment system – the Austrian Animal Needs Index 35L/2000. There were scored 26 objective welfare indicators within the five areas of influence: locomotion, social interactions, flooring, light and air, stockmanship. In order to assess and score some indicators, there were used modern devices (LX 1102 light meter, Drager Pac 7000 ammonia analyzer, Testo 405 V1 thermo-anemometer, SL 4012 sound meter). Moreover, for increasing the objectivity in measuring and scoring animal cleanliness within the fifth area on influence there was used Hygiene Score Card. Analyzing the results, it could be noticed that the highest scored indicators were those within the Locomotion and Social interactions areas (as expected, considering the loose-system applied in the studied farm). The lowest scored areas were Flooring and Light and air, the critical indicators being light (uneven lighting and some low intensity values: 28-30 Lx) and outdoor areas cleanliness, resulting in poor animal cleanliness. In spite of the mentioned negative aspects, the overall ANI 35L score (30.5 points) reflects a good welfare, but the score could be validated on the condition that the light in the shelter is corrected. Addressing this issue along with the cleanliness of the outdoor areas may improve the welfare level to the excellent rating and may also increase the milk production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100063,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia","volume":"10 ","pages":"Pages 403-407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.09.081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89339237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hub Agribusiness in the Center Italy: Simulation of the Growth of a New “Industrial Cluster” through Logistic Functions","authors":"Maurizio Turina ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Confessore ,&nbsp;Ilaria Barbante ,&nbsp;Ombretta Buzzi ,&nbsp;Sandro Turina","doi":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The province of Rieti has provided for the drafting of “master plan” able to harmonize local development goals with the financial opportunities of the programming period 2014-2020. Lazio Region through resolution number 1 of 2006 are driving the process of reorganization of industrial Agribusiness theorizing the start up of a single HUB between Lazio (Guidonia-CAR) and Abruzzo (Pescara -Agribusiness) in A24-A25 great communication route motorway. These guidelines are the fundamental components of the research group CNR_Riditt currently engaged in the management of the follow-up of this important program of the Ministry of Economic Development together with partners such as the FICEI.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100063,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 353-371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82449549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fertilization of Nitrogen, Phosphor and Application of Green Manure of Crotalaria Juncea in Increasing Yield of Maize in Marginal Dry Land","authors":"Siti Subaedah,&nbsp;A. Aladin,&nbsp;Nirwana","doi":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research aimed to analyze the effect of fertilization of N, P and application of green manure of crotalaria to increase yield of maize plant in marginal dry land. The experiment was carried out at the dry land of South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia from June to September 2013. This research was designed by using Split Plot Design. The main plot used green manures which consisted of two levels, i.e: without green manure and application of crotalaria green manure. The subplot was fertilization of N and P which consisted of three levels, without of fertilizer N and P; fertilization with a dose of 67.5<!--> <!-->kg<!--> <!-->N.ha-1<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->33<!--> <!-->kg P2O5.ha-1; 135<!--> <!-->kg<!--> <!-->N ha-1<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->66<!--> <!-->kg P2O5 ha-1. The results showed that fertilization of N, P and application of crotalaria green manure improved growth and increase the yield of maize. Fertilization with a dose of 135<!--> <!-->kg<!--> <!-->N ha-1<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->66<!--> <!-->kg P2O5 ha-1 with the application of Crotalaria obtained yield of maize as many as 7.234 tons ha-1 while fertilization at the same dose without the application of crotalaria obtained the yield as many as 6.172 tons ha-1.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100063,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 20-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90062407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eating Behaviour and Well-being: An Analysis on the Aspects of Italian Daily Life","authors":"Paola Mancini ,&nbsp;Andrea Marchini ,&nbsp;Mariarosaria Simeone","doi":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nutrition related diseases have reached epidemic proportions in Western Countries. Because of the huge economic costs and the impact on human well-being, nutrition and related disease have become a major public health concern. In this research paper we analyse the factors determining obesity, starting from the ISTAT multipurpose survey “Aspects of italian daily life” on the households, carried out in 2012. The analysis was based on multiple correspondence analysis and using logistic regression models. Starting from the main variables related to nutritional habits, eating habits and eating out, sedentary lifestyle, socio-economic status indicators that imply a different diet we have tried to shed light on the main factors responsible for obesity. From this evidence we tried to suggest the policy interventions can be implemented in order to act on the problem.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100063,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 228-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83478535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}