Advanced Physics Research最新文献

{"title":"Heterostructured Semiconductors for Advanced Chemical and Biochemical Sensors: From Gas Sensors to Electrolyte-Gated Transistors","authors":"Martin Schwellberger Barbosa,&nbsp;Allyster Rodrigues Silva,&nbsp;Hugo José Nogueira Pedroza Dias Mello","doi":"10.1002/apxr.70191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/apxr.70191","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Heterostructured semiconductors have attracted significant attention in chemical and biochemical sensing due to their ability to combine complementary electronic, catalytic, and interfacial properties within a single sensing platform. The integration of semiconducting metal oxides (SMOs), organic semiconductors (OSCs), transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), metallic nanoparticles (MNP), and carbon-based materials enable enhanced charge transport, analyte adsorption, and signal transduction, resulting in improved sensitivity, selectivity, and stability. In parallel, different transduction mechanisms, including electronic, electrochemical, and iontronic approaches, have expanded the applicability of semiconductor-based sensors toward environmental, industrial, and biomedical monitoring. This review presents a comparative discussion of heterostructured semiconductor materials employed in sensing devices operating through distinct transduction mechanisms, with emphasis on gas sensors and electrolyte-gated transistor (EGT)-based platforms. Fundamental aspects of sensing architecture and device operation are initially introduced, followed by a systematic overview of SMO- and OSC-based heterostructures combined with TMDs, metallic nanoparticles, carbon nanomaterials, and polymeric systems. The relationships between heterointerface engineering, charge-transfer mechanisms, and sensing performance are critically discussed. Finally, current challenges, emerging trends, and future perspectives associated with multifunctional heterostructured sensing platforms are addressed, highlighting their potential for next-generation wearable, portable, and intelligent sensing technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":100035,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Physics Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/apxr.70191","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-Photon Absorption in Perovskite Semiconductors","authors":"David Ompong,&nbsp;Michael Edem Donkor,&nbsp;Emmanuel Ofosu,&nbsp;Daniel Dodzi Yao Setsoafia,&nbsp;Hooman Mehdizadeh-Rad,&nbsp;Kiran Sreedhar Ram,&nbsp;Jai Singh","doi":"10.1002/apxr.70175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/apxr.70175","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Perovskite semiconductors have emerged as promising materials for nonlinear photonic, optoelectronic, and energy-conversion applications, yet a predictive theory of two-photon absorption (TPA) in these materials remains incomplete. The existing TPA models were primarily developed for conventional semiconductors and neglect the unique band-structure characteristics of perovskites. In this work, we have developed an analytical model for the TPA coefficient, K₂, in perovskite semiconductors using second-order perturbation theory within the parabolic-band framework, including excitonic effects. The model incorporates the inter- and intra-band transitions associated with the heavy-electron, light-electron, and spin–orbit split-off conduction band states. Numerical calculations performed for representative perovskite materials show good agreement between theory and experiment over a wide temperature range, including TPA coefficients at 290 and 50 K. The results highlight the importance of accounting for the band structure, excitonic and relativistic effects when analyzing TPA spectra in perovskite semiconductors and lay the foundation for the design of perovskite-based nonlinear optical and photonic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":100035,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Physics Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/apxr.70175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum-Mechanical Wave Functions in Singular Potentials: Linear and Nonlinear States","authors":"Hidetsugu Sakaguchi,&nbsp;Boris A. Malomed","doi":"10.1002/apxr.70182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/apxr.70182","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is known that the attractive singular potential <span></span><math></math> gives rise to the quantum collapse in the framework of the three-dimensional (3D) linear Schrödinger equation. This article summarizes theoretical results which demonstrate suppression of the collapse caused by this singular potential, and the creation of the otherwise missing ground state (GS) in a 3D gas of bosonic particles, carrying an electric dipole moment, which are pulled to the central electric charge, with repulsive contact interactions between the particles. In the mean-field approximation, the repulsive interactions are represented by the cubic term in the respective Gross–Pitaevskii (GP) equation. In addition to the GS, excited states with angular momentum are briefly addressed too. Another topic considered in the article is 1D and 2D bound states in the linear-Schrödinger and GP equations with the repulsive potential, which demonstrates a singularity at <span></span><math></math>. A very recent result is that such a potential, growing faster than <span></span><math></math>, produces a full spectrum of counter-intuitive normalizable (localized) bound states. The article puts forward perspectives for further studies of linear and nonlinear bound states existing under the action of the potentials with the singularity at <span></span><math></math> or <span></span><math></math>.</p>","PeriodicalId":100035,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Physics Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/apxr.70182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149145965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information (Adv. Phys. Res. 10/2026)","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/apxr.70189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/apxr.70189","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100035,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Physics Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/apxr.70189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polarization-Dependence of Nonlinear Optical Effects in Silicon: The Case of Ultrafast Processing","authors":"Namig Alasgarzade,&nbsp;Alessandro Alberucci,&nbsp;Stree V. Arumugam,&nbsp;Markus Blothe,&nbsp;Maxime Chambonneau,&nbsp;Chandroth P. Jisha,&nbsp;Stefan Nolte","doi":"10.1002/apxr.70187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/apxr.70187","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We investigate the role played by polarization in the propagation of intense ultrashort pulses in the bulk of silicon. Using a pump-probe experiment and a nonlinear transmission measurement, we first address the differences in the beam evolution between linear and circular polarization in the absence of permanent modifications, comparing the results with numerical simulations based upon a standard model accounting for cubic nonlinearity and plasma defocusing. In the second part of the paper, we investigate the role of polarization when light is capable of inducing permanent modifications in the material. The nonlinear dynamics is now addressed ex post by investigating the nature of the permanent modifications induced in silicon. For this purpose, elongated channels with an increase in the refractive index are inscribed starting from the air-silicon interface. The resulting laser-written optical waveguides are eventually characterized using different methods, including near-field microscopy, optical polarimetry, Raman microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Beyond potential implications in the realization of 3D photonic integrated circuits in silicon, our work highlights silicon as a platform for the exploration of photonic spin-orbit interaction emerging in different nonlinear regimes, despite a linear isotropic response.</p>","PeriodicalId":100035,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Physics Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/apxr.70187","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beating the Standard Quantum Limit With Single-Photon-Added Coherent States","authors":"Pankaj K. Jha,&nbsp;Lakshya Nagpal,&nbsp;Amir Targholizadeh,&nbsp;Utkarsh Mishra,&nbsp;Konstantin E. Dorfman","doi":"10.1002/apxr.70176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/apxr.70176","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The standard quantum limit (SQL), also known as the shot-noise limit, defines how quantum fluctuations of light constrain measurement precision. In a benchmark experiment using the Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI), where a coherent state with the average photon number <span></span><math></math> is combined with an ordinary vacuum input, the SQL for the phase uncertainty is given by the well-known relation <span></span><math></math>. Using a single-photon-added coherent state and a weak coherent state as inputs, we report enhanced phase sensitivity in an MZI that surpasses the SQL. In stark contrast to conventional approaches, we focus on the low-photon-number regime (<span></span><math></math>) and show that this scheme achieves better phase sensitivity than the SQL. Furthermore, the phase offset can serve as a control parameter to tailor the photon statistics of the output beam. We further show that this enhancement does not arise from the single-mode Wigner negativity of SPACS which persists even when paired with vacuum, yet never beats the SQL but rather from non-classical cross-correlations in the joint two-mode Wigner function generated when the SPACS interferes with a coherent field. Beating the SQL at low photon numbers may find applications in “photon-starved” quantum sensing, spectroscopy, and metrology.</p>","PeriodicalId":100035,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Physics Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/apxr.70176","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymer-Based Probabilistic Bits for Thermodynamic Computing","authors":"Stephen H. Foulger,&nbsp;Yuriy Bandera,&nbsp;Igor Luzinov,&nbsp;Travis Wanless,&nbsp;Lubomir Kostal,&nbsp;Vojtech Nádaždy,&nbsp;Petr Janovský,&nbsp;Jarmila Vilčáková","doi":"10.1002/apxr.70177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/apxr.70177","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Probabilistic bits (p-bits) are stochastic hardware elements whose output probability can be tuned by an input bias, offering a route to energy-efficient architectures that exploit fluctuations rather than suppress them. We report p-bit generation in an organic memristive device, establishing polymers as the first class of soft-matter systems to realize probabilistic hardware. The active element is a dithieno[3,2–b:2',3'–d]pyrrole (DTP)–backbone polymer with pendant triphenylamine (TPA) groups whose stochastic resistance fluctuations are converted into binary outputs by a voltage-divider/comparator circuit. The resulting probability distributions follow logistic transfer functions characteristic of stochastic binary neurons. Pulsed <i>I–V</i> ensembles were analyzed to construct binned current distributions from which the discrete Shannon entropy was calculated; peaks coincide with bias conditions that maximize memristor voltage variability, directly linking device-level stochasticity to intrinsic material properties. Dielectric analysis shows that pendant TPA units provide dynamically active relaxation modes, while energy-resolved electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations indicate that the frontier orbitals of DTP, TPA, and ITO align within the transport gap to produce a bifurcated percolation network. The correspondence between microscopic relaxation dynamics, electronic energetics, and macroscopic probabilistic response highlights how organic semiconductors can serve as chemically tunable entropy sources, opening a polymer-based pathway toward thermodynamic computing.</p>","PeriodicalId":100035,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Physics Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/apxr.70177","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimized Wavy Thermal Radiative Analysis of Electrochemically Ternary Hybrid Nanomaterials Affected by an Induced Magnetic Force: An ANN-Based Levenberg–Marquardt Backpropagation Approach","authors":"Latif Ahmad,&nbsp;Saleem Javed,&nbsp;Umair Khan,&nbsp;Muhammad Iqbal,&nbsp;Syed Modassir Hussain","doi":"10.1002/apxr.70183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/apxr.70183","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study is motivated by the growing demand for highly efficient thermal management fluids in modern energy systems, microelectronics and industrial heat flow processes, where conventional fluids fail to meet rising performance requirements. To address these limitations, we present a comprehensive analysis of ternary hybrid nanofluids (THNFs) based on sodium alginate (NaC₆H₇O₆) flowing over a vertically wavy-type shape under the combined effects of an induced magnetic field and dual-mode convection. The novelty of this work lies in the systematic, stepwise formulation of nanofluids, progressing from mono-nanofluids containing single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), to binary hybrids (SWCNT + Ag) and ultimately to ternary systems (SWCNT + Ag + MoS₂). This hierarchical approach enables a deeper understanding of the incremental impact of nanoparticle combinations on thermal and mass transport mechanisms. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using local similarity transformations. These equations are solved numerically via the bvp4c solver and further analyzed using an artificial neural network (ANN) model based on the Levenberg–Marquardt backpropagation algorithm. The predictive capability and robustness of the ANN are validated through close agreement with the numerical results. The results reveal that the incorporation of ternary nanoparticles significantly enhances both temperature and concentration distributions, indicating superior heat and mass flow characteristics compared to mono- and binary nanofluids. These findings underscore the strong potential of THNFs for next-generation applications in thermal engineering, energy conversion technologies, and high-performance industrial systems, offering an effective pathway to overcome the limitations of conventional heat transfer fluids.</p>","PeriodicalId":100035,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Physics Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/apxr.70183","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational Role in Thermal Engineering and Chemical Analytics During the Rotating Disk of Generalized Williamson Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity","authors":"Latif Ahmad,&nbsp;Hafiz Ur Rahman,&nbsp;Umair Khan,&nbsp;Syed Modassir Hussain","doi":"10.1002/apxr.70174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/apxr.70174","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Thermal conductivity, temperature gradient, and diffusivities dependent viscosities based on two-model approaches are used in this work to examine the nature of shear-thinning materials in the presence of microorganisms. The consideration of such rheological material is further significantly affected by vertical rotating disk and gravitational acceleration. The variable nature of the viscosity introduces a set of complex mathematical equations that are very useful for prediction in terms of many industrial processes and technological advancement. The mathematical formulations are based on the conservation laws, including temperature, momentum, concentration, and mass. The leading equations are presented in the form of partial differential equations (PDEs) and then converted the same to a set of second-order differential equations (DEs) that depend on a single local, similar independent variable. A modified version of the built-in command is implemented by using MATLAB to analyze the importance of the entire work. Every leading and novel factor introduces very interesting and productive results. These parameters are determined very effectively while plotting their role via material speed, concentration, temperature, thermal and mass flow rates, and surface-oriented resistive forces. The rotation velocity and gravity initiated complex dynamical types of results, which include higher thermal conductivity and diffusivities, respectively, for larger material parameters. Both the bio convection Schmidth and Peclet numbers reduced the speed of microorganisms during the typical swirling motion of Williamson fluid. The tangential and azimuthal components’ velocities of the materials are declining functions of the Richardson number. An opposite trend is observed in the flow velocity along the direction of radiation. The radial component of skin friction is found in higher order with the variation in the Richardson number, and oppositely observed for the tangential component. The method validation test is performed by providing an excellent comparison with existing works.</p>","PeriodicalId":100035,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Physics Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/apxr.70174","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Upper Critical Magnetic Field in Two-Band Model for the Iron-Based Superconductors Ca0.83La0.17FeAs2 and Ca0.8La0.2Fe0.98Co0.02As2","authors":"Tsadik Kidanemariam,&nbsp;Gebregziabher Kahsay,&nbsp;Mearg Gidey","doi":"10.1002/apxr.70181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/apxr.70181","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This research work focuses on the theoretical investigation of upper critical magnetic field, lower critical magnetic field, Ginzburg–Landau coherence length and Ginzburg–Landau penetration depth using a two-band model for the iron-based superconductors <span></span><math></math> and <span></span><math></math>. Using the phenomenological Ginzburg–Landau free-energy density functional formulated for a two-band superconductor with two coupled superconducting order parameters, we derived analytical expressions for the temperature dependence of the upper, and lower critical magnetic fields, the angular dependence of the upper critical magnetic field, as well as the temperature dependence of the GL coherence length and penetration depth for both superconducting compounds. Phase diagrams corresponding to the relevant superconducting parameters are constructed and analyzed. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental and theoretical observations, demonstrating that the two-band GL formalism effectively captures the anisotropic superconducting behavior of these iron-based systems. These findings provide deeper insight into multi-band effects, anisotropy, and high-field superconducting properties, supporting future studies on the design and optimization of iron-based superconductors.</p>","PeriodicalId":100035,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Physics Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/apxr.70181","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}