Carlo Alberto Brondin, Iulia Cojocariu, Antonio Caretta, Andrea Locatelli, Stefano Bonetti, Tevfik Onur Menteş, Matteo Jugovac
{"title":"Air-Resistant Titanium Oxide Capping for Graphene/Ferromagnet Heterostructures (Adv. Phys. Res. 10/2025)","authors":"Carlo Alberto Brondin, Iulia Cojocariu, Antonio Caretta, Andrea Locatelli, Stefano Bonetti, Tevfik Onur Menteş, Matteo Jugovac","doi":"10.1002/apxr.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/apxr.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>A Protective Barrier for Heterostructures</b></p><p>A transparent titania capping layer protects graphene/cobalt heterostructures from oxidation while preserving interfacial magnetism. These findings highlight the achievement of air-stable graphene/metal interfaces, opening opportunities for studying related systems and enabling durable, high-performance devices. For more details see Research Article e00066 by Carlo Alberto Brondin, Matteo Jugovac and co-workers.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":100035,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Physics Research","volume":"4 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/apxr.70028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermal Characterization of Ultrawide Bandgap Semiconductor Devices: A Review (Adv. Phys. Res. 9/2025)","authors":"Hassan Irshad Bhatti, Xiaohang Li","doi":"10.1002/apxr.70016","DOIUrl":"10.1002/apxr.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Thermal Characterization for UWBG Devices</b></p><p>Review number e2500039 by Hassan Irshad Bhatti and Xiaohang Li highlights state-of-the-art thermal characterization techniques for ultrawide bandgap (UWBG) semiconductor devices, including Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, AlN, and diamond. By critically evaluating optical and electrical methods–such as thermoreflectance imaging, micro-Raman thermometry, and micro-thin film thermocouples–the study guides effective thermal metrology selection to address self-heating and reliability in next-generation power and RF electronics.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":100035,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Physics Research","volume":"4 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/apxr.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlo Alberto Brondin, Iulia Cojocariu, Antonio Caretta, Andrea Locatelli, Stefano Bonetti, Tevfik Onur Menteş, Matteo Jugovac
{"title":"Air-Resistant Titanium Oxide Capping for Graphene/Ferromagnet Heterostructures","authors":"Carlo Alberto Brondin, Iulia Cojocariu, Antonio Caretta, Andrea Locatelli, Stefano Bonetti, Tevfik Onur Menteş, Matteo Jugovac","doi":"10.1002/apxr.202500066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/apxr.202500066","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Graphene/ferromagnet interfaces have widely demonstrated the capability to host peculiar magnetic and electronic properties relevant for spintronic devices. In principle, besides strengthening perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) and sizable Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI), graphene provides an additional advantage by acting as a protective layer against oxidation of the underlying metal film. However, the structural imperfections of graphene, often resulting from its growth conditions, can facilitate intercalation, which can compromise the underlying ferromagnetic layer. To address this issue, here, the use of a titania capping layer as a protective barrier for a heterostructure consisting of monolayer graphene grown on a thin cobalt film is proposed. The results demonstrate that the titanium oxide layer does not alter the properties of the interface, as confirmed by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) imaging. Furthermore, magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) measurements reveal that the interface's magnetic properties remain stable after prolonged exposure to ambient conditions. Absorption profile simulations show that the capping layer is transparent to visible wavelengths, demonstrating its capability to enable optical studies of atomic interfacial effects without the need for an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) environment. These findings position titanium oxide as a robust, non-invasive capping material for graphene-based spintronic heterostructures.</p>","PeriodicalId":100035,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Physics Research","volume":"4 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/apxr.202500066","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md Shamim Sarker, E M K Ikball Ahamed, Hiroyasu Yamahara, Zhiqiang Liao, Siyi Tang, Haining Li, Sankar Ganesh Ramaraj, Munetoshi Seki, Hitoshi Tabata
{"title":"Improved Isolation Ratio in MSSWs-Based Inline Interference Device Using Dipolar-Coupled SWs Across a Micro-Air Gap","authors":"Md Shamim Sarker, E M K Ikball Ahamed, Hiroyasu Yamahara, Zhiqiang Liao, Siyi Tang, Haining Li, Sankar Ganesh Ramaraj, Munetoshi Seki, Hitoshi Tabata","doi":"10.1002/apxr.202500071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/apxr.202500071","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Control of spin-wave (SW) propagation is demonstrated by introducing a micro-air gap into a nanometer-thick yttrium iron garnet (Y<sub>3</sub>Fe<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub>, YIG) microstructure. SWs traverse the gap with reduced intensity following an exponential–linear decay with air gap length, attributed to coupling between incident and reflected dipolar SWs via a time-varying stray magnetic field. By tuning gap length, SW intensity is balanced to address nonreciprocity in counterpropagating magnetostatic surface SWs within an inline interference device. Introducing asymmetric gaps equalizes signal amplitudes and enhances the isolation ratio from 16 to 50 dB, the highest reported for such devices. This approach is applicable to SW-based logic gates and magnetic sensors, with the steep interference profile enabling high sensitivity at room temperature. The air gap also modifies SW transport properties, doubling group velocity from ≈2 km s<sup>−1</sup> in the reference device to 4.4 km s<sup>−1</sup> for a 66 µm gap at 22 mT, and inducing phase shifts of up to ≈37° for a 1 µm gap change (2–3 µm). These results establish a practical route to high-isolation magnonic interference devices and provide tunable control of group velocity and phase, enabling reconfigurable components such as delay lines and microwave phase shifters.</p>","PeriodicalId":100035,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Physics Research","volume":"4 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/apxr.202500071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. S. Madansure, Pravin K. Gaikwad, Vishnu S. Shinde, S. R. Manegopale, Sagar E. Shirsath, S. K. Gurav
{"title":"Influence of Cerium (Ce3+) Substitution on the Structural and Frequency-Dependent Electrical Properties of Co0.9Fe2.1-xCexO4 Nanoferrites","authors":"Y. S. Madansure, Pravin K. Gaikwad, Vishnu S. Shinde, S. R. Manegopale, Sagar E. Shirsath, S. K. Gurav","doi":"10.1002/apxr.202500089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/apxr.202500089","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the impact of rare-earth cerium (Ce<sup>3+</sup>) substitution on the structural and electrical properties of cobalt-rich nanoferrites. A series of nanoparticles with the nominal composition Co<sub>0.9</sub>Fe<sub>2.1-</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i>Ce<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>4</sub> (where <i>x</i> = 0.0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, and 0.1) are synthesized via the sol-gel auto-combustion method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the formation of a single-phase cubic spinel structure for all compositions, with the lattice parameter systematically increasing from 8.38 to 8.42 Å with rising cerium content, indicating the successful incorporation of the larger Ce<sup>3+</sup> ions into the lattice. The crystallite size, estimated using the Debye-Scherrer formula, is found to be in the nanometer range. Electron microscopy studies (SEM and TEM) reveal agglomerated, quasi-spherical nanoparticles. The frequency-dependent electrical properties are analyzed at room temperature. Results show a systematic decrease in AC conductivity, dielectric constant (ε'), and dielectric loss tangent (tan δ) with increasing cerium concentration. This behavior is attributed to the substitution of Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions by Ce<sup>3+</sup> ions at the octahedral sites, which limits the hopping mechanism between Fe<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions. The significant reduction in dielectric loss highlights the potential of these cerium-doped nanoferrites for high-frequency device applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":100035,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Physics Research","volume":"4 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/apxr.202500089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anisotropy of the Characteristic Critical Fields and Length Scales of Sr1 − xKxFe2As2 Superconductor","authors":"Gedefaw Mebratie, Tamiru Negussie, Geberegziabher Kahsay","doi":"10.1002/apxr.202500106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/apxr.202500106","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the current research work, the anisotropy of the characteristic critical fields and length scales of Sr<sub>1 − <i>x</i></sub>K<sub><i>x</i></sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>As<sub>2</sub> superconductor by employing the Ginzburg–Landau (GL) phenomenological free energy density functional theory is investigated. Using this model, mathematical expressions are obtained that describe the temperature dependence of the lower, thermodynamic, and upper critical magnetic fields parallel and perpendicular to the c-axis, the GL characteristic parameter, the GL coherence length and GL penetration depth, and the angular dependence of the upper critical magnetic field. Using these mathematical expressions, phase diagrams are plotted using Matplotlib in Python. These phase diagrams show that the characteristic critical magnetic fields—the lower, thermodynamic, and upper critical magnetic fields (both parallel and perpendicular to the c-axis)—and the GL characteristic parameter decrease with increasing temperature and vanish at the superconducting critical temperature (T<sub>C</sub>), T<sub><i>C</i></sub> = 37 K for Sr<sub>1 − <i>x</i></sub>K<sub><i>x</i></sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>As<sub>2</sub> superconductor. On the other hand, the characteristic length scales—the GL coherence length and GL penetration depth—increase with temperature and diverge at 37 K. The upper critical magnetic field varies with angle (θ). The findings also reveal the anisotropic properties of the lower and upper critical magnetic fields of Sr<sub>1 − <i>x</i></sub>K<sub><i>x</i></sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>As<sub>2</sub> superconductors.</p>","PeriodicalId":100035,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Physics Research","volume":"4 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/apxr.202500106","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145243116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shivani Chaudhary, Mukesh Kumar, R. P. Yadav, Raj Kumar, Sunil Ojha, Pushp Sen Satyarthi, Ravi S. Singh, Udai Bhan Singh
{"title":"Mechanism Insights into Nanostructuring and Wettability on Au Thin Film: Effect of Substrate and Low-Energy Ion Irradiation","authors":"Shivani Chaudhary, Mukesh Kumar, R. P. Yadav, Raj Kumar, Sunil Ojha, Pushp Sen Satyarthi, Ravi S. Singh, Udai Bhan Singh","doi":"10.1002/apxr.202500070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/apxr.202500070","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The nanostructuring of Au thin films induced by ion irradiation is significantly affected by substrate interactions, where processes such as sputtering, diffusion, and dewetting are pivotal in determining the evolution of surface morphology and wettability. The 8 keV Ne ion beam is irradiated on a 10 nm Au thin film on silicon and glass substrates. The surface morphologies of the pristine and irradiated samples are meticulously scrutinized using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to understand the resultant ion irradiation induced Au nanostructures on both substrates. Contact angle measurement and Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) are utilized to explore the wettability of the surface and to determine Au contents on the surface, respectively. The reduction in the peak of RBS is the decrease in Au metal contents on the surface due to ion-induced nuclear sputtering. Wettability of the surface is changed with ion-induced modification in surface morphology. A 2D Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (2D-DFA) is employed to ascertain the Hurst exponent and fractal dimension to understand the wettability and nanostructuring with fractals. The formation of NSs is the result of a dynamic interaction between the processes of nuclear sputtering, dewetting, surface diffusion, and the effect of the morphology of the substrate.</p>","PeriodicalId":100035,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Physics Research","volume":"4 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/apxr.202500070","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biomimicry of Magnetotactic Bacteria Via Self-Organized Soft Matter Dispersions","authors":"Varun Chandrasekar, Tianhao Ge, Ke Ding, Yingyu Wang, Jian Ren Lu, Ingo Dierking","doi":"10.1002/apxr.202500072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/apxr.202500072","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A self-assembled structure designed to mimic magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) by using PEGylated lipid-coated ferrofluid droplet chains dispersed in a thermotropic nematic liquid crystal is presented. This biomimetic structure is compared to live MTBs (<i>M. gryphiswaldense</i>), in terms of structural, functional and dynamic properties. The assembled structure consists of chains of spherical ferrofluid droplets which are significantly larger than the natural MTB magnetosomes that typically display a cuboctahedral chain morphology. Although the self-assembled structure does not achieve the same magnetic coercivity, the presence of a PEGylated lipid coating enhances dispersibility and stability, allowing the formation of long, uniform droplet chains within the liquid crystal medium. Notably, the ferrofluid inclusion in the liquid crystal environment contributes significantly to structural alignment and controlled magnetic responsiveness, suggesting the potential of this self-assembled system in biosensing, targeted delivery, and magnetic-responsive materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":100035,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Physics Research","volume":"4 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/apxr.202500072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}