Advanced Agrochem最新文献

{"title":"TMK1 phosphorylates and stabilizes PIN2 to reinforce auxin flux during root gravitropism","authors":"Yuanyuan Li,&nbsp;Pengyue Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2026.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2026.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant growth depends on tightly coordinated auxin signaling and directional auxin transport, yet the molecular feedback mechanism that directly links these processes during root gravitropism has remained mechanistically unresolved. The recent study by Rodriguez et al. (Cell, 2025) reveals a novel cell-surface auxin signaling pathway. It is shown that gravity perception-induced initial auxin asymmetry activates transmembrane kinase 1 (TMK1) in the lower side cells of the root. The activated TMK1 then interacts with pin-formed 2 (PIN2) and phosphorylates its hydrophilic loop, thereby stabilizing the PIN2 protein. This asymmetric distribution of PIN2 further enhances the auxin flow on the lower side, thus forming a self-reinforcing positive feedback loop that drives force for root tip gravitropic bending. This study provides an updated perspective on the auxin signal and transport feedback, signifying a new advancement in our comprehension of the mechanisms underlying plant adaptive growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"5 1","pages":"Pages 10-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147454305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbonyl-bridged trifluoromethyl pyridine derivatives for pest control and mechanistic investigations","authors":"Zhubo Sheng ,&nbsp;Jie Deng ,&nbsp;Qinglong Yuan ,&nbsp;Wen Fu ,&nbsp;Zhiping Xu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Li ,&nbsp;Zhong Li ,&nbsp;Xusheng Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trifluoromethyl pyridine (<strong>TFMP</strong>) motif is commonly discovered in structures of active pharmaceuticals. Flonicamid, characterized by the <strong>TFMP</strong> moiety, is well known as a prodrug in the knockdown of pests. The azobenzene-modified <strong>TFMP</strong> derivatives have been previously reported with excellent insecticidal activities. Herein, twenty-one <strong>TFMP</strong> derivatives were designed by the introduction of carbonyl-bridged aryl groups and synthesized via a one-step synthesis using Flonicamid as the starting material. The structure-activity relationships of these compounds were well analyzed and discussed. A molecular docking study and calcium ion concentration analysis indicated that compound <strong>FC13</strong> could have interacted with the nicotinamidase enzyme, which further influenced the Ca²⁺ influx.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"5 1","pages":"Pages 33-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147454307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The capability of synthetic cytokinin mimics for in vitro regeneration of plants","authors":"Mahboobeh Mazinani ,&nbsp;Mostafa K. Sarmast ,&nbsp;Azim Ghasemnezhad ,&nbsp;Liang Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Among plant hormones, cytokinins have been extensively studied for over a century due to their central roles in regulating plant development, physiology, and environmental responses. In this study, we chemically synthesized several Cytokinin-Active ingreDients (CADs) and evaluated their effects on the <em>in vitro</em> regeneration of <em>Sansevieria trifasciata</em> and seedling growth of <em>Nicotiana tabacum</em>, comparing their activities with established cytokinins, kinetin and zeatin. Our results show that CADs promote cell division and shoot proliferation in <em>S. trifasciata</em>, with the highest shoot numbers per explant observed at CAD-A (0.9 mg L⁻¹), cycle-iP (0.1 mg L⁻¹), and zeatin (0.3 mg L⁻¹), all significantly different from kinetin (0.3 mg L⁻¹)—the previously suggested cytokinin for <em>in vitro</em> shoot proliferation in this plant. CAD-A and CAD-B at 0.9 mg L⁻¹ increased leaf number by approximately 4.5, significantly outperforming kinetin at 0.3 mg L⁻¹. In tobacco seedlings, CAD-B at 0.3 mg L⁻¹ significantly enhanced root number (7.3) comparable to kinetin (6.7) at the same concentration. Overall seedling height increased more than two-fold under both CAD-B and kinetin treatments compared to control plants. The bioactivity of CADs under <em>in vitro</em> conditions closely parallels that of kinetin, supporting their potential as effective cytokinin mimetics. Collectively, these results indicate that synthesized CADs can serve as potent alternatives to natural cytokinins for plant tissue culture and developmental studies, with promising applications in propagation and regeneration protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"5 1","pages":"Pages 65-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147454311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nature: Decoding 4-vinylanisole biosynthesis and pivotal enzymes in locusts","authors":"Yueru Zhao,&nbsp;Zenglong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Locust plagues result in significant agricultural and ecological damage, and the current dependence on broad-spectrum chemical pesticides raises serious concerns regarding environmental sustainability and public health. In this study, we elucidated the biosynthetic pathway of the locust aggregation pheromone 4-vinylanisole (4VA). Through analysis of the crystal structure of the 4VPMT2-4VA-SAM complex, it was determined that 4-nitrophenol acts as a substrate analogue, effectively inhibiting 4VPMT enzyme activity and thereby preventing the formation of 4VA. This study revealed key enzymatic targets and lead inhibitors for intervention, establishing a molecular foundation for pheromone-based, environmentally sustainable locust control strategies and offering a viable alternative to reduce reliance on conventional chemical pesticides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"5 1","pages":"Pages 1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147454302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SalicS1 FRET sensor enables real-time visualization of salicylic acid dynamics in plant immunity","authors":"Shengmei Kang ,&nbsp;Qiyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Feng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>SalicS1 is a genetically encoded, ratiometric FRET biosensor that brings salicylic acid (SA) research to the same real-time imaging standard long available for ABA and GA. Built through a modular Golden Gate platform and informed by NPR-NIMIN structural biology, SalicS1 achieves SA specificity, tunable affinity, reversibility, and non-perturbing expression in Arabidopsis. Using this sensor, pathogen infection, non-adapted fungal challenge, and aphid feeding are shown to elicit spatially propagating SA surges rather than purely local accumulation, revealing a tissue-level organization of immune signaling that bulk assays could not resolve. SalicS1 therefore provides a broadly deployable tool for dissecting the geometry, timing, and genotype dependence of SA-mediated plant defense.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"5 1","pages":"Pages 7-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147454304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and insecticidal activity evaluation of sulfonamide derivatives oriented by atom replacement strategy","authors":"Hao Qian ,&nbsp;Xinru Tan ,&nbsp;Guixun Wu ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Ziyu Wang ,&nbsp;Hongxiang Liu ,&nbsp;Mei Tian ,&nbsp;Minjie Zhang ,&nbsp;Keyin Yu ,&nbsp;Wenjun Wu ,&nbsp;Jiwen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The single-atom replacement strategy is a typical approach which just converts elements in lead compounds into their analogues with very small chemical changes. In this research, we implemented this strategy to modify the sulfonamide scaffold identified in our previous work, and resulting in the synthesis of 40 novel sulfonamide derivatives not previously reported in the literature. The insecticidal activities of these compounds against the <em>Mythimna separata</em> and <em>Plutella xylostella</em> were assessed. Our findings indicate that the pyridine sulfonamide structure significantly enhances insecticidal efficacy. Specifically, compound <strong>7c</strong> exhibited LC₅₀ values of 0.157 and 0.256 mg/mL against the <em>M. separata</em> and <em>P. xylostella</em>, which significantly increased 97- and 41-fold compared to celangulin V, respectively. The experimental results revealed that pyridine sulfonamide analogues could serve as potential green insecticides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"5 1","pages":"Pages 49-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147454309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoke generator for protected agriculture: research progress, key challenges, and future perspectives","authors":"Haojie Gao ,&nbsp;Xiaochi Liu ,&nbsp;Lanyun Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhongyi Li ,&nbsp;Yujia Kang ,&nbsp;Xiangyang Li ,&nbsp;Huawei Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingzhi Zhang ,&nbsp;Daxia Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Mu ,&nbsp;Feng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Smoke generator constitute an important class of pesticide formulations widely used in protected agriculture, forestry, mushroom cultivation, and storage environments. Unlike conventional sprays, smoke generator rely on heat-induced phase transitions of active ingredients to produce fine aerosolized particles that disperse through Brownian motion, thereby markedly improving application efficiency. Despite their long history and broad utility, the development of smoke generator has largely stagnated over the past two decades. Here, we provide a comprehensive assessment of their historical evolution, registration landscape, physicochemical mechanisms, and current deployment in agricultural systems. Based on this analysis, we outline key directions for next-generation smoke generator technology. First, transitioning from chemical heating to electric heating is essential to enable automation and unmanned pesticide delivery. Second, expanding the air-purification functionality of smoke formulations offers a promising strategy to suppress airborne pest and pathogen populations. Finally, integrating principles of crystal engineering to modulate particle morphology and interfacial affinity may overcome current limitations in deposition efficiency and biological performance. Together, these advances will underpin the development of high-efficiency, intelligent smoke generator and support precision plant protection and sustainable intensification in protected agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"5 1","pages":"Pages 13-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147454306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-strategy approach for fungicide discovery: Machine learning-based activity prediction and fragment co-occurrence network construction","authors":"Binyan Jin,&nbsp;Jialin Cui,&nbsp;Qi He,&nbsp;Huan Xu,&nbsp;Xinpeng Sun,&nbsp;Ziyao Chai,&nbsp;Li Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of fungicides is time-consuming and costly. Introducing a fungicide-likeness assessment strategy at the early screening stage can help reduce development risks and improve the success rate. However, existing assessment methods are often plagued by low accuracy and poor generalization, while fragment-based design strategies commonly fail to account for synergistic effects between structural units. Therefore, based on a small-scale sample set, this study developed a more efficient global predictive model for fungicidal activity—named APPf—by integrating multi-scale feature screening methods and machine learning algorithms, which also accounts for synergistic effects among different structural fragments. We utilized three independent external test sets for model validation: External Test Set 1 for general validation, External Test Set 2 for comparison with existing models, and External Test Set 3 for disease-specific fungicide evaluation. On External Test Set 1, the APPf model achieved a precision of 0.6454, a recall of 0.8535, and an F1 score of 0.7350, demonstrating its robust predictive performance. It also exhibited strong enrichment capability for positive samples in External Test Set 2. For External Test Set 3, APPf achieved a prediction accuracy exceeding 80% for each disease, suggesting its promising potential in practical fungicide development. Furthermore, we quantified the contribution of molecular descriptors to the model predictions using SHAP value analysis and identified nHdNH and NssssNp as strong indicative features for predicting fungicidal activity, thereby enhancing the interpretability of the model. APPf has been deployed on a public web server (<span><span>http://pesticides.cau.edu.cn/APPf</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>), providing a user-friendly online prediction service to support the discovery of novel fungicides. Meanwhile, we employed a molecular fragmentation strategy to analyze the co-occurrence relationships between fragments in fungicides and constructed a network map of fragment co-occurrence associated with fungicidal activity. This study provides both an active fragment library and a global fungicide-likeness assessment tool for AI-based de novo molecular generation aimed at discovering novel fungicidal leads, which is expected to enhance the efficiency of developing new fungicides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 373-381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aflatoxin B1 contamination level detection in almond kernels through short wave infrared hyperspectral image analysis","authors":"Md. Ahasan Kabir ,&nbsp;Ivan Lee ,&nbsp;Chandra B. Singh ,&nbsp;Gayatri Mishra ,&nbsp;Brajesh Kumar Panda ,&nbsp;Sang-Heon Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a toxic fungal metabolite that contaminates almonds from cultivation to harvesting. It leads to chronic health problems and significant economic loss to the producers. Therefore, a fast and non-invasive detection technique is crucial for safeguarding food safety by swiftly identifying and eliminating contaminated almonds from the supply chain. Hyperspectral imaging has been explored as a potential non-destructive technology for detecting AFB1. However, the diverse geometries of almonds present a significant challenge on acquired images, thereby impacting the accuracy of the developed prediction and classification models. This study investigates the effectiveness of short-wave infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral imaging combined with deep learning for detecting AFB1 in almonds of varying geometries. Initially, partial least squares regression (PLSR) and support vector machine (SVM) regression models were evaluated for quantification, while SVM and quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA) classifiers were applied for classification. The results indicated that spectral responses varied with almond thickness, making quantification models unreliable for industrial applications. The Competitive Adaptive Reweighted Sampling (CARS) algorithm was employed to identify key spectral features for developing multi-spectral AFB1 classification models to evaluate the feasibility of high-speed, accurate in-line detection. The deep learning approach significantly outperformed traditional machine learning models, with the pre-trained Inception V3 network achieving a cross-validation accuracy of 84.82 %, an F1-score of 0.8522, and an area under curve of 0.893. These findings highlight the superiority of deep learning-based hyperspectral imaging for accurate and reliable AFB1 detection in almonds with diverse shapes and thicknesses<strong>.</strong></div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 363-372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensing the dry: Redox-regulated auxin repression shapes root plasticity","authors":"Ali Shahzad ,&nbsp;Hameed Gul","doi":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aac.2025.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Root architecture is crucial for plant survival under drought, yet how water stress signals shape root development has remained unclear. Recently, Roy et al. (<em>Science</em>) revealed that drought-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in root nuclei triggers the auxin repressor IAA3 to form complexes (multimerization) that enable the recruitment of the co-repressor TOPLESS (TPL), thereby suppressing auxin signaling and blocking lateral root initiation. ROS signaling acts rapidly, within minutes of water deprivation, compared to slower ABA responses, allowing plants to quickly adjust lateral root growth. This discovery reveals a new redox–hormone regulatory mechanism that enables plants to fine-tune root branching during transient drought. Beyond advancing our understanding of adaptive root responses, these insights highlight potential molecular targets for developing crops with improved resilience under water limitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100027,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Agrochem","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 313-315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}