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Regulation of Arginine Metabolism by Transcription Factor Btn2p in a Mixed Culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pediococcus pentosaceus and Subsequent Ethanol Tolerance
IF 3.2 2区 农林科学
Journal of Food Science Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.70333
Huqi Zhou, Ting Xia, Tangchao Chen, Anan Zhou, Qiqi Xia, Gongnian Xiao, Ruosi Fang
{"title":"Regulation of Arginine Metabolism by Transcription Factor Btn2p in a Mixed Culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pediococcus pentosaceus and Subsequent Ethanol Tolerance","authors":"Huqi Zhou,&nbsp;Ting Xia,&nbsp;Tangchao Chen,&nbsp;Anan Zhou,&nbsp;Qiqi Xia,&nbsp;Gongnian Xiao,&nbsp;Ruosi Fang","doi":"10.1111/1750-3841.70333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.70333","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> ABSTRACT</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ethyl carbamate (EC) is a natural carcinogen widely found in fermented alcoholic beverages. The compound is mainly generated through the reaction of urea and citrulline with ethanol. The transcription factor Btn2p may affect arginine metabolism, and thus regulate EC in different fermentation systems. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of Btn2p on arginine metabolism in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> in different culture systems and analyzed the potential regulatory mechanisms of EC formation. In addition, we studied the ethanol tolerance of <i>BTN2</i>-modified yeast to determine its applicability in huangjiu fermentation and to provide a theoretical basis for subsequent studies. We found that <i>BTN2</i> knockout inhibited two major EC precursors, and the inhibitory effect was better in mixed cultures with <i>Pediococcus pentosaceus</i>. In addition, <i>BTN2</i> knockout promoted the activities of urease and ornithine transcarbamoylase, but reduced the activity of arginine deiminase, which led to the reduction of urea and citrulline concentrations. The growth conditions of <i>BTN2</i>-modified strains under different ethanol concentrations were also studied for future applications in huangjiu fermentation. The results showed that <i>BTN2</i> overexpression promoted cell growth and increased ethanol tolerance, whereas <i>BTN2</i> knockout reduced the ethanol tolerance of cell. The findings indicated that Btn2p was involved in arginine metabolism, possibly through the regulation of urea and citrulline metabolism, and <i>BTN2-</i>knockout strains can be used as a potential target for EC reduction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science","volume":"90 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144292703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biogeographical Regions and Climate Change: Lanternfishes Shed Light on the Role of Climatic Barriers in the Southern Ocean
IF 10.8 1区 环境科学与生态学
Global Change Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.70256
Cam Ly Rintz, Philippe Koubbi, Berta Ramiro-Sánchez, Clara Azarian, Jilda Alicia Caccavo, Cédric Cotté, Eric Goberville, Claire Godet, Percy Alexander Hulley, Rémy Le Goff, Fabien Leprieur, Marine Robuchon, Baptiste Serandour, Boris Leroy
{"title":"Biogeographical Regions and Climate Change: Lanternfishes Shed Light on the Role of Climatic Barriers in the Southern Ocean","authors":"Cam Ly Rintz,&nbsp;Philippe Koubbi,&nbsp;Berta Ramiro-Sánchez,&nbsp;Clara Azarian,&nbsp;Jilda Alicia Caccavo,&nbsp;Cédric Cotté,&nbsp;Eric Goberville,&nbsp;Claire Godet,&nbsp;Percy Alexander Hulley,&nbsp;Rémy Le Goff,&nbsp;Fabien Leprieur,&nbsp;Marine Robuchon,&nbsp;Baptiste Serandour,&nbsp;Boris Leroy","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70256","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To predict the spatial responses of biodiversity to climate change, studies typically rely on species-specific approaches, such as species distribution models. In this study, we propose an alternative methodology that investigates the collective response of species groups by modelling biogeographical regions. Biogeographical regions are areas defined by homogeneous species compositions and separated by barriers to dispersal. When climate acts as such a barrier, species within the same region are expected to respond similar to changing climatic conditions, enabling the prediction of entire region shifts in response to future climate scenarios. We applied this approach to the Southern Ocean, which exhibits sharp climatic transitions known as oceanic fronts, focusing on the mesopelagic lanternfishes (family Myctophidae). We compiled occurrence data for 115 lanternfish species from 1950 onwards and employed a network-based analysis to identify two major biogeographical regions: a southern and a subtropical region. These regions were found to be distinct, with minimal overlap in species distributions along the temperature gradient and a separation around 8°C, indicating that temperature likely acts as a climatic barrier. Using an ensemble modelling approach, we projected the response of these regions to future temperature changes under various climate scenarios. Our results suggest a circumpolar expansion of the subtropical region and a contraction of the southern region, with the Southern Ocean becoming a cul-de-sac for southern species. Ultimately, our results suggest that when support is found for the climatic barrier hypothesis, community-level models from a ‘group first, then predict’ strategy may effectively predict future shifts in species assemblages.</p>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70256","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144292917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Food Oxalates: Occurrence in the Food System and Advances in Technologies for Reduction, Detection, and Quantification
IF 12 1区 农林科学
Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.70212
Abhimanyu Gaur, Prasanna Kumar G. V., Deepak Kumar
{"title":"Food Oxalates: Occurrence in the Food System and Advances in Technologies for Reduction, Detection, and Quantification","authors":"Abhimanyu Gaur,&nbsp;Prasanna Kumar G. V.,&nbsp;Deepak Kumar","doi":"10.1111/1541-4337.70212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.70212","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Oxalic acid (OxA) is widely recognized as an antagonist to mineral absorption, leading to chronic renal complications such as nephropathy, hyperoxaluria, and induced inflammation. The interaction of OxA with metal ions results in a divalent/monovalent anion known as oxalate. In light of the growing interest in plant-based foods, this article provides a comprehensive and unbiased overview of oxalate in foods. It discusses the changes in oxalate content caused by various thermal, non-thermal, and combined food processing methods, as well as recent advances in oxalate extraction and quantification techniques, including food oxalate sensors. The challenges and interferences encountered during oxalate extraction and measurement with different quantification techniques are highlighted to aid scientists in their future efforts related to oxalate measurement in food systems. Selecting appropriate oxalate reduction techniques and their optimal applications is expected to make low-oxalate food products more accessible, thereby enhancing mineral bioavailability by promoting increased absorption in the intestinal epithelium. Although several methods have been developed for quantifying urinary oxalates, finding a quick and highly precise technique for measuring oxalate content in plant-based foods remains challenging. Interferences from metal ions, acids, and pigments during the quantification process make accurate and reliable measurement difficult. Future efforts should focus on developing low-oxalate foods by the food processing industries that are ready-to-eat or serve or cook, minimizing concerns about their oxalate content.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":155,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144292243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rapid Identification and Typing of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Using MALDI-TOF MS and Machine Learning
IF 5.7 2区 生物学
Microbial Biotechnology Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.70184
Zhiyi Ye, Jin Zhu, Yang Liu, Jun Lu
{"title":"Rapid Identification and Typing of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Using MALDI-TOF MS and Machine Learning","authors":"Zhiyi Ye,&nbsp;Jin Zhu,&nbsp;Yang Liu,&nbsp;Jun Lu","doi":"10.1111/1751-7915.70184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.70184","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Use matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to screen the specific mass peaks of carbapenem-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (CRKP), compare the differences in spectrum peaks between intestinal and bloodstream screening of CRKP, and assess the utility of MALDI-TOF MS in quickly identifying various CRKP sources. From 2014 to 2023, a total of 267 <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> strains were collected at Quzhou People's Hospital, including 60 intestinal screening isolates from ICU patients and 207 bloodstream infection isolates. MALDI-TOF MS was used to profile peptides in CRKP and carbapenem-sensitive <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (CSKP), followed by analysis with flexAnalysis and ClinProTools 3.0. Statistically significant protein peaks were selected to build classification models, which were verified using non-duplicate strains. MALDI-TOF MS achieved &gt; 99.9% accuracy in identifying <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>. Characteristic peaks (2523.43, 3041.62, 4520.11, 10,079.18 Da) were used to develop resistance analysis models, with the optimal model (SNN) showing 90.08% sensitivity, 95.80% specificity and identification accuracies of 90% for CSKP and 89.66% for CRKP. Another model using peaks (8876, 8993, 9139 Da) differentiated CRKP origins, with the ideal model (QC) achieving 86.85% sensitivity, 88.46% specificity, and accuracies of 81.82% for bloodstream and 95.00% for intestinal CRKP.</p>","PeriodicalId":209,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Biotechnology","volume":"18 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1751-7915.70184","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144292266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modified fertilization strategies to increase grain protein of soft red winter wheat in the Mid-Atlantic region
IF 1.3
Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1002/agg2.70154
Nicole M. Fiorellino, Louis A. Thorne
{"title":"Modified fertilization strategies to increase grain protein of soft red winter wheat in the Mid-Atlantic region","authors":"Nicole M. Fiorellino,&nbsp;Louis A. Thorne","doi":"10.1002/agg2.70154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agg2.70154","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Millers in the Mid-Atlantic are seeking high protein content in their flour and they are currently shipping hard wheat produced in the Western United States to blend with soft red winter wheat (SRWW) (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) produced locally to achieve this. They may offer a premium for a local source of SRWW with higher grain protein. This may be achieved through selection of SRWW varieties with high protein potential, modifying nitrogen (N) fertilizer management through timing or total N rate, or the combination of both. We hypothesized that grain protein of SRWW varieties with either high yield or high protein potential could be increased with late-season N application at the same rate and the increased protein result in decreased grain yield. Four fertilization strategies that shifted the same total N later in the season, that included a post-flowering N application, and one that increased the total N rate were evaluated along with three varieties selected for high grain protein potential and one high-yielding variety. Both grain yield and grain protein were significantly affected by variety, and grain protein only was significantly affected by fertilizer treatment. Shifting the same total N rate to four applications from three increased grain protein but was not different than four applications at an increased N rate. A significant, inverse relationship between grain yield and protein was observed. Producers in the Mid-Atlantic are encouraged to calculate their cost of production and weigh this against possible protein premiums prior to production of high-protein wheat.</p>","PeriodicalId":7567,"journal":{"name":"Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agg2.70154","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144292697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Predicting Stress, Anxiety, and Depression in Adult Men Based on Nutritional and Lifestyle Variables: A Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Methods
IF 3.2 2区 农林科学
Journal of Food Science Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.70342
Tayeb Mohammadi, Sara Orouei, Karim Parastouei, Hadi Raeisi Shahraki, Akram Parandeh, Hossein Amini, Mehdi Raei
{"title":"Predicting Stress, Anxiety, and Depression in Adult Men Based on Nutritional and Lifestyle Variables: A Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Methods","authors":"Tayeb Mohammadi,&nbsp;Sara Orouei,&nbsp;Karim Parastouei,&nbsp;Hadi Raeisi Shahraki,&nbsp;Akram Parandeh,&nbsp;Hossein Amini,&nbsp;Mehdi Raei","doi":"10.1111/1750-3841.70342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.70342","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <p>Mental health disorders like depression, anxiety, and stress (DAS) are rising globally. Understanding how diet and lifestyle influence these conditions is vital for targeted interventions. This study explores the potential of machine learning (ML) to identify key risk factors and improve mental health predictions in adult males. This cross-sectional study gathered dietary data from 400 adult males using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). The dataset contained 59 predictor variables, and DAS was classified as either normal or indicative of some degree of disorder. The predictive performance of five ML models [bagging, boosting, Naive Bayes (NB), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF)] was assessed using cross-validation. Metrics such as sensitivity, specificity, precision (positive predictive value, PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy, and the area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate performance. DAS were present in 103 (25.47%) of participants. Bagging, boosting, and RF models outperformed others, achieving over 70% in all metrics. Key prognostic factors for predicting DAS include fried fast food, physical activity (PA), body mass index (BMI), magnesium, sodium, and other dietary elements like butter/margarine, fructose, and vitamin K. Chromium and caffeine were significant predictors of depression and anxiety, while cholesterol and olive oil were strongly associated with stress. The study shows that the RF, boosting, and bagging algorithms outperformed other models in predicting DAS across all evaluation criteria. Key dietary and lifestyle factors, such as magnesium, sodium, BMI, caffeine, and cholesterol, were identified as significant predictors, highlighting the potential of ML for advancing targeted mental health interventions.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p><b>Practical Application</b>: This study highlights the effectiveness of machine learning algorithms in predicting mental health issues such as stress, anxiety, and depression by analyzing dietary patterns, lifestyle choices, and clinical parameters. The results provide valuable insights for healthcare professionals and policymakers in creating targeted dietary and lifestyle interventions to improve mental health outcomes. In addition, these findings have important implications for the food and nutrition industry, potentially guiding the development of specialized nutritional products aimed at enhancing mental well-being.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science","volume":"90 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144292747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental Research on the Treatment of Saline-Alkali Diseases of Murals in Arzhai Grottoes With Salt-Tolerant Mineralizing Bacteria
IF 3.2 3区 生物学
Biotechnology Journal Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1002/biot.70044
Chi Li, Panshi Wang, Xiaorong Wang, Yu Gao, Wu Zhang
{"title":"Experimental Research on the Treatment of Saline-Alkali Diseases of Murals in Arzhai Grottoes With Salt-Tolerant Mineralizing Bacteria","authors":"Chi Li,&nbsp;Panshi Wang,&nbsp;Xiaorong Wang,&nbsp;Yu Gao,&nbsp;Wu Zhang","doi":"10.1002/biot.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/biot.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The degradation of cave murals due to saline-alkali conditions still poses a formidable challenge in the realm of cultural heritage conservation. This research proposes a novel methodology grounded in microbial mineralization technology. By leveraging <i>Bacillus oceanicus</i>, a newly isolated strain, calcium carbonate precipitation is induced under saline-alkali conditions, forming a protective layer. Experimental outcomes demonstrate that, in contrast to the conventional strain <i>Bacillus pasteurii</i>, <i>B. oceanicus</i> showcases exceptional salt tolerance. Its salt tolerance level in an identical saline environment is twice as high as that of <i>B. pasteurii</i>. Additionally, <i>B. oceanicus</i> can significantly enhance the mechanical properties of specimens. When compared with <i>B. pasteurii</i>, the unconfined compressive strength experiences a 47.9% increment, the cohesion increases by 83.18%, and the internal friction angle rises by 29.06%. In the simulation experiments addressing the saline-alkali-related pathologies of murals, compared to the untreated samples, the efflorescence height, efflorescence powder volume, and salt crust thickness of the samples treated by MICP (microbially induced calcite precipitation) decrease by 29.1%, 45.0%, and 36.4%, respectively. These findings accentuate the potential of <i>B. oceanicus</i> as an efficient and environmentally-friendly solution for the preservation of murals in saline-alkali settings, offering a fresh research perspective for cultural heritage conservation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":134,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Journal","volume":"20 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144292910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Slow–fast atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia mimicking junctional tachycardia following atrial extrastimulation
IF 2.2
Journal of Arrhythmia Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1002/joa3.70107
Koki Yamaoka MD, Seiji Takatsuki MD, PhD, Terumasa Yamashita MD, PhD, Hideo Mitamura MD, PhD, Masaki Ieda MD, PhD
{"title":"Slow–fast atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia mimicking junctional tachycardia following atrial extrastimulation","authors":"Koki Yamaoka MD,&nbsp;Seiji Takatsuki MD, PhD,&nbsp;Terumasa Yamashita MD, PhD,&nbsp;Hideo Mitamura MD, PhD,&nbsp;Masaki Ieda MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/joa3.70107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/joa3.70107","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Intracardiac electrocardiograms were recorded during a narrow QRS supraventricular tachycardia following atrial extrastimulation. What is the mechanism?\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":15174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arrhythmia","volume":"41 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/joa3.70107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144292282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Extrusion Process to Improve the Availability of Fermentable Sugars in Sorghum Wort
IF 3.2 2区 农林科学
Journal of Food Science Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.70352
Laura Cecilia Gómez Pamies, María del Rosario Acquisgrana, María Agostina Bianchi, María Mercedes Lataza Rovaletti, Elisa Inés Benítez
{"title":"Extrusion Process to Improve the Availability of Fermentable Sugars in Sorghum Wort","authors":"Laura Cecilia Gómez Pamies,&nbsp;María del Rosario Acquisgrana,&nbsp;María Agostina Bianchi,&nbsp;María Mercedes Lataza Rovaletti,&nbsp;Elisa Inés Benítez","doi":"10.1111/1750-3841.70352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.70352","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> ABSTRACT</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A common challenge in producing gluten-free beer from sorghum is the inefficient conversion of sorghum starch into fermentable sugars. This issue can be attributed to the high proportion of resistant starch and natural inhibitors that hinder starch digestibility in sorghum grains. To address this, an extrusion process was proposed to improve gelatinization and hydrolysis of sorghum starch. Two experimental designs were conducted, one with extrusion and one without, to assess the impact of utilizing two exogenous enzymes during mashing: papain and α-amylase. The results showed that the extrusion process significantly improved sorghum starch gelatinization and increased the concentration of fermentable sugars by an average of four times compared to trials without extrusion. By incorporating the extrusion process and utilizing 3% α-amylase and 0.1% papain, a high-quality wort with the desired concentration of fermentable sugars for yeast fermentation was obtained. This improvement was supported through the analysis of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) by revealing changes in the structure and composition of gelatinized and hydrolyzed sorghum grains with and without extrusion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Practical Application</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Suitable for the development of a gluten-free beer-like fermented drink from an available, underutilized grain with a strong nutritional profile.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":193,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science","volume":"90 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144292704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Extended State Observer-Based Motion Control of Robot Manipulators in Presence of Uncertainties and Disturbances
IF 2.2 4区 计算机科学
IET Control Theory and Applications Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1049/cth2.70043
Muhammet Umut Danis, Zeki Yagiz Bayraktaroglu
{"title":"Extended State Observer-Based Motion Control of Robot Manipulators in Presence of Uncertainties and Disturbances","authors":"Muhammet Umut Danis,&nbsp;Zeki Yagiz Bayraktaroglu","doi":"10.1049/cth2.70043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cth2.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Robotic manipulators are complex mechanical systems that exhibit highly nonlinear dynamics and subject to various forms of disturbances such as friction, external forces and other unmodelled dynamics. Mathematical models representing robot dynamics are extensively used for design, simulation and control purposes, and can be derived through analytical and experimental methods. Dynamic behaviours predicted by mathematical models often deviate from the observed dynamics of robot manipulators because of external disturbances, parametric uncertainties, and unmodelled dynamics. The observer-based control that eliminates the need for highly accurate system modelling is an appealing approach for robot control. This paper introduces an extended state observer-based structure that can be either utilized as a stand-alone controller or implemented within a model-based adaptive control scheme. The proposed control scheme allows the implementation of extended state observers independently of the availability and quality of the dynamic model. The stability of the proposed controllers in presence of model uncertainties and generalized disturbances is investigated through the Lyapunov analysis. The experiments performed on a six-DoF industrial robot validate the theoretical stability results. Evaluation of performances of the proposed controllers in various operating conditions are presented in a comparative manner. Experimental results show that the extended state observer-based controller outperforms the adaptive controller in trajectory tracking performances.</p>","PeriodicalId":50382,"journal":{"name":"IET Control Theory and Applications","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/cth2.70043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144292890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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