{"title":"Evaluation of the Intraocular Pressure Following Helicopter Flight","authors":"Şükrü Hakan Gündüz, Tomurcuk Harbigil Sever, İffet Yarımağa, Onur Tezel","doi":"10.1007/s12217-025-10215-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12217-025-10215-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exposure to high-altitude conditions during flight or other similar activities has a wide-ranging impact on visual function, which is crucial not just for flight safety but for any altitude-related activity. We aimed to look at the impact of high altitude on the intraocular pressure (IOP) of helicopter pilots. The flight took off from the airstrip at 5,525 feet and flew for an hour every day for 10 days at 8,000 feet. above mean sea level. Flights were undertaken at an altitude of 12,000 feet above mean sea level over the next 10 days. During these days, pilots had no other flights. Each pilot’s one eye was measured with a Tonopen (Reichert Tono-Pen AVIA) after five topical anesthetic drops prior to flight. The arithmetic mean of five measurements was determined and recorded as a value. The pre- and post-flight data for each subgroup were analyzed using the paired sample T-test in SPSS version 20 software. For the flights at an altitude of 8,000 feet, no group showed a significant change in IOP. For the flights at an altitude of 12,000 feet, both groups showed statistically significant changes in IOP. IOP decrease may contribute to an increased risk of safety events following prolonged flights at high altitudes in helicopter pilots.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":707,"journal":{"name":"Microgravity Science and Technology","volume":"37 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Applied Physics APub Date : 2025-10-20DOI: 10.1007/s00339-025-08980-3
Jiabo Liu, Chang Li, Yuhao Wang, Sen Wang, Xing Han
{"title":"Study on the forming performance of alternating magnetic field-assisted laser cladding based on data-enhanced CPO-TCN-BiLSTM and SMS-EMOA composite algorithm","authors":"Jiabo Liu, Chang Li, Yuhao Wang, Sen Wang, Xing Han","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08980-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08980-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alternating magnetic field-assisted laser cladding (AMF-LC) technology can significantly improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of the cladding layer. However, the introduction of multi-energy fields significantly increases the complexity of parameter adjustment. Therefore, a composite optimization algorithm was innovatively proposed in this study. The experimental data was expanded based on the BOKI data augmentation technology. The composite model of the convolutional parallel optimization algorithm - temporal convolutional network - bidirectional long Short-Term memory network (CPO-TCN-BiLSTM) was established to map the nonlinear relationship between process parameters and experiments. The multi-objective optimization SMS-EMOA algorithm based on the hypervolume index was combined with the multi-criteria decision method (VIKOR) to optimize the process parameters. Based on the optimal parameters, the influence of alternating magnetic fields on the microstructure and mechanical properties of multi-pass and multi-layer laser cladding layers was investigated. The results show that the prediction error of the composite algorithm is within 5%, with high accuracy. Compared with the control group, the performance of the cladding layer is excellent. Experiments show that alternating magnetic fields can significantly improve cladding defects such as pores and cracks. Magnetic stirring makes dendrites denser. The distribution of elements is more uniform. The average hardness of the lap joint area increased by 1.46%, and the maximum hardness increase reached 2.35%. This study proposes a systematic exploration that combines multi-dimensional algorithms with experiments, providing theoretical guidance for the optimization of complex cladding process parameters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of anthraquinones from 1,4-naphthoquinones and α,β-unsaturated enolizable aldehydes","authors":"V. L. Novikov, N. N. Balaneva, O. P. Shestak","doi":"10.1007/s11172-025-4776-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11172-025-4776-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":756,"journal":{"name":"Russian Chemical Bulletin","volume":"74 9","pages":"2945 - 2946"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. A. Alatortsev, V. V. Volchkov, M. Ya. Melnikov, M. V. Rusalov, M. V. Fomina, S. P. Gromov
{"title":"Complexation and photoinduced recoordination of bis(aza-18-crown-6)-containing dienones with alkali and alkaline earth metal cations, structure—property correlations","authors":"O. A. Alatortsev, V. V. Volchkov, M. Ya. Melnikov, M. V. Rusalov, M. V. Fomina, S. P. Gromov","doi":"10.1007/s11172-025-4758-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11172-025-4758-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Analysis of absorption and fluorescence spectra at 293 and 77 K, as well as fluorescence excitation spectra of bis(aza-18-crown-6)-containing dibenzylidenecyclohexanone (CD6) and its complexes confirms the presence of photorecoordination in CD6•(M<sup><i>n</i>+</sup>)<sub>2</sub> (M = Ba<sup>2+</sup>, Sr<sup>2+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>). The process is completely blocked in low-temperature butyronitrile glass. Coordination of the metal cation to the carbonyl group of the CD6 molecule is accompanied by fluorescence enhancement, while coordination of the cations to the aza-18-crown-6 ether residues, on the contrary, leads to its quenching. In the case of the complexes CD6•(M<sup><i>n</i>+</sup>)<sub>2</sub>, correlations were observed between the stability constants, the values of the blue shifts in the absorption spectra, the red shifts in the fluorescence spectra, and the diameters of the cations. The CD6 dienone forms complexes with the compositions CD6•M<sup><i>n</i>+</sup>, CD6•(M<sup><i>n</i>+</sup>)<sub>2</sub>, and M<sup><i>n</i>+</sup>•CD6•(M<sup><i>n</i>+</sup>)<sub>2</sub> with the cations Mg<sup>2+</sup>, Li<sup>+</sup>, and Na<sup>+</sup>. A correlation of the above-mentioned parameters with the cation surface charge density was observed for the complexes M<sup><i>n</i>+</sup>•CD6•(M<sup><i>n</i>+</sup>)<sub>2</sub>. The possibility of influencing the efficiency of complexation and the degree of photorecoordination by varying the nature of the central acceptor fragment in the dye series CD4, CD5, CD6 (CD4 and CD5 are dyes similar to CD6 with central cyclobutanone (CD4) and cyclopentanone (CD5) fragments, respectively) was determined.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":756,"journal":{"name":"Russian Chemical Bulletin","volume":"74 9","pages":"2770 - 2779"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiophysicsPub Date : 2025-10-20DOI: 10.1134/S0006350925700563
E. A. Saratovskikh, B. L. Psikha, N. A. Sanina
{"title":"A Macroergic Compound Adenosine Triphosphoric Acid in Biomedical Research (A Review)","authors":"E. A. Saratovskikh, B. L. Psikha, N. A. Sanina","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700563","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The dual role of the ATP molecule, a macroergic compound and a neurotransmitter, is considered. As a signaling molecule, ATP is involved in the formation of the visual system and the development of the inner ear of the embryo; it is involved in the mediation of pain and taste sensations. In cardiovascular diseases, the release of ATP into the intercellular medium serves as a signal for the body to activate repair mechanisms. ATP is involved in maintaining the normal functioning of many organs and tissues. This suggests the possibility of its use for the treatment of a number of disorders: diseases of the kidneys, bones, bladder, skin, neurological and mental pathologies, as well as cardiovascular diseases. Some new trends in the creation of new drugs have been identified, based on the growing knowledge about the functions of ATP in the body. Tetranitrosyl iron complexes, NO donors, are a new class of potential anticancer and cardioprotective drugs. Their reaction rates with ATP and products formed are considered in detail. It is concluded that the interaction of these NO donor iron complexes with the glycolytic ATP and/or the neurotransmitter ATP makes a significant contribution to the therapeutic effects of these compounds.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 3","pages":"521 - 542"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BiophysicsPub Date : 2025-10-20DOI: 10.1134/S0006350925700502
B. V. Trubitsin, A. V. Vershubskii, D. T. Guseinova, A. N. Tikhonov
{"title":"The Effect of Light Intensity and Spectral Composition on Electron Transport in Chloroplasts in situ and in silico","authors":"B. V. Trubitsin, A. V. Vershubskii, D. T. Guseinova, A. N. Tikhonov","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700502","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Light-induced redox transformations of P<sub>700</sub>, the reaction center of photosystem I, were studied using the EPR method depending on the illumination conditions of plant leaves (intensity and spectral composition of the active light). Within the framework of a mathematical model, the key stages of electron transfer along the noncyclic electron transport chain containing photosystems I and II and mobile transporters (plastoquinone, plastocyanin, and ferredoxin) and the processes of <i>trans</i>-thylakoid proton transfer associated with ATP synthesis were considered. The mechanisms of pH-dependent regulation of electron transport in chloroplasts at the acceptor and donor sites of photosystem I have been analyzed. The modeling results are in agreement with experimental data on the kinetics of light-induced transformations of P<sub>700</sub> in chloroplasts of higher plants. The results are discussed in the context of “short-term” pH-dependent mechanisms of electron transport regulation in chloroplasts in situ<i>.</i></p></div>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 3","pages":"442 - 452"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. A. Mikhaylov, Ya. V. Golubev, V. G. Kulichikhin
{"title":"Evaluation of the potential use of biobased syringic acid as a comonomer for fully aromatic copolyesters","authors":"P. A. Mikhaylov, Ya. V. Golubev, V. G. Kulichikhin","doi":"10.1007/s11172-025-4771-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11172-025-4771-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Along with 4-acetoxybenzoic acid (4-ABA) and <i>O</i>-acetylvanillic acid (AVA), the syringic acid derivative <i>O</i>-acetylsyringic acid (ASA) can be used as an AB-type comonomer in polycondensation reactions. All three monomers have comparable polycondensation rates, and therefore the copolycondensation of 4-ABA, ASA, and AVA in the melt is expected to yield copolyesters with a random or nearly random macromolecular structure. From a mixture of ASA, 4-ABA, and 4′-acetoxybiphenyl-4-carboxylic acid (4-ABCA), a ternary thermotropic copolyester with a “liquid crystal glass” structure was synthesized. This copolyester has a lower softening temperature and a higher glass transition temperature compared to similar ternary copolyesters based on 4-ABA and 4-ABCA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":756,"journal":{"name":"Russian Chemical Bulletin","volume":"74 9","pages":"2920 - 2928"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. D. Strunin, I. A. Nikovskii, T. M. Aliev, Yu. V. Nelyubina
{"title":"Template Synthesis of the Copper(II) Complex with the Pyridylpyrazolone Ligand","authors":"D. D. Strunin, I. A. Nikovskii, T. M. Aliev, Yu. V. Nelyubina","doi":"10.1134/S1070328424601493","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070328424601493","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The reaction of the new bidentate ligand 1-(5-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-1<i>H</i>-pyrazol-4-yl)ethan-1-one (L) and copper(II) acetate affords a new copper(II) complex CuL<sub>2</sub>. The complex is isolated in the individual state and characterized by elemental analysis, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) (CIF file CCDC no. 2309481). The synthesized complex is the first example of the copper(II) complexes with acylpyrazolones with the mixed β-diketonate and pyridylpyrazolone coordination. According to the CV data, CuL<sub>2</sub> exhibits the reversible redox process Cu<sup>II</sup>/Cu<sup>I</sup> and can act as a redox-active block when constructing polyheteronuclear complexes for molecular spintronics.</p>","PeriodicalId":759,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Coordination Chemistry","volume":"51 7","pages":"564 - 570"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. D. Tugushev, I. A. Nikovskii, S. A. Solov’eva, Yu. V. Nelyubina
{"title":"Synthesis of the Cobalt(II) Aqua Complex with Acetylpyridylpyrazolone","authors":"M. D. Tugushev, I. A. Nikovskii, S. A. Solov’eva, Yu. V. Nelyubina","doi":"10.1134/S107032842460150X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S107032842460150X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The reaction of the new bidentate ligand, 4-acetyl-2-phenyl-5-(pyridin-2-yl)-2,4-dihydro-3<i>H</i>-pyrazol-3-one (L), with cobalt(II) acetate in the presence of diazabicycloundecene as a base affords the mononuclear cobalt(II) aqua complex CoL<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>2</sub>. The product of its crystallization from a DMF–water mixture (CoL<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>2</sub>·2MeOH·2H<sub>2</sub>O) after drying in vacuo is characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as the initial acetylpyrazolone L (CIF files CCDC nos. 2400710 and 2400711, respectively). The <i>cis</i> configuration of the ligands in the formed aqua complex and the presence of solvate methanol molecules in the complex (methanol was not a component of the mixture of solvents for crystallization) indicate that the complex is the product of solvolysis with water of the intermediate oxocubane complex Co<sub>4</sub>O<sub>4</sub>.</p>","PeriodicalId":759,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Coordination Chemistry","volume":"51 7","pages":"653 - 661"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Complexes of Pivaloyltrifluoroacetonates of Potassium and Rubidium with 18-Crown-6 Ether: Synthesis, Structure, Thermal Properties","authors":"D. V. Kochelakov, E. S. Vikulova","doi":"10.1134/S1070328425600494","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070328425600494","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In a search for volatile fluorinated compounds of potassium and rubidium, new complexes of the corresponding pivaloyltrifluoroacetonates (Ptac) with 18-crown-6 ether, [K(18C6)(Ptac)] (<b>I</b>) and [Rb(18C6)(Ptac)] (<b>II</b>), were synthesized. The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and X-ray fluorescence analysis, and their structures were studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) in the range of 100–400 K (CCDC nos. 2429226–2429232 (<b>I</b>), 2429233–2429239 (<b>II</b>)). The complexes are isostructural and have an molecular mononuclear structure, with M…H and M…C contacts involving the <i>tert-</i>butyl group between fragments, forming chains. The thermal expansion tensors are elongated along this direction. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the rubidium cation in such a complex can complete its coordination sphere with a solvent molecule (chloroform, CCDC no. 2429240 (<b>IIs</b>)). For <b>I</b>, <b>II</b>, and <b>IIs</b>, Hirshfeld surface were analyzed and a search for pseudoperiodicity in the crystal packings was carried out using the translational sublattice method. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that, unlike the initial pivaloyltrifluoroacetonates, complexes <b>I</b> and <b>II</b> are volatile and promising for testing in gas-phase processes of thin-film material deposition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":759,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Coordination Chemistry","volume":"51 7","pages":"595 - 606"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}