Springer最新文献

{"title":"Controlling auto-focusing chirped perfect Laguerre-Gaussian beam to mitigate crosstalk in atmospheric turbulence","authors":"Yangbin Ma,&nbsp;Xinguang Wang,&nbsp;Yangbo Shen,&nbsp;Ben Zhao,&nbsp;Le Wang,&nbsp;Shengmei Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08142-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08142-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Auto-focusing beams can effectively mitigate orbital angular momentum (OAM) crosstalk in atmospheric turbulence. In this paper, we focus on the effect of the chirp factor on the crosstalk mitigation of chirped perfect Laguerre-Gaussian beam (CPLGB) based on the propagation model of CPLGB. The results demonstrate that a positive first-order chirp factor can significantly promote the auto-focusing of CPLGB, and increasing it can effectively mitigate the intermodal crosstalk of OAM modes in atmospheric turbulence, whereas a positive second-order chirp factor has a relatively weak effect on them. By comparing with Bessel Gaussian beam, perfect Laguerre-Gaussian beam, and perfect optical vortex beam, the CPLGB shows superior turbulence resistance when transmitted in atmospheric turbulence. Our results will be useful for optimizing the performance of free-space optical (FSO) communication systems with CPLGBs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elemental Boron-10 Nanoparticles Synthesized by Laser Fragmentation for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy: In Vitro Experiments","authors":"A. I. Kasatova,&nbsp;K. S. Kuzmina,&nbsp;D. A. Kasatov,&nbsp;E. V. Barmina,&nbsp;K. O. Aiyyzhy,&nbsp;P. A. Kotelnikova,&nbsp;M. S. Grigoryeva,&nbsp;D. S. Petrunya,&nbsp;E. L. Zavjalov,&nbsp;S. Yu. Taskaev,&nbsp;S. M. Deyev,&nbsp;I. N. Zavestovskaya","doi":"10.3103/S1068335624602541","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335624602541","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Elemental boron-10 nanoparticles synthesized by laser fragmentation of micropowder in isopropanol are used for the first time as a boron-containing agent for boron neutron capture therapy. The study is conducted on human cell cultures U87, BT474, and BJ-5TA. It is found that these nanoparticles are nontoxic to all three cell cultures at boron-10 concentrations required for successful boron neutron capture therapy. The cell cultures are pre-incubated with nanoparticles and then irradiated for 30 min with a beam of epithermal neutrons generated by the VITA accelerator source (BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk). Using in vitro study results (MTT assay and clonogenic analysis), an enhancement of the therapeutic effect of boron neutron capture therapy is observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"52 2","pages":"95 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incorporation of plasmonic metal-metal and metal-oxide configurations in a polymer solar cell: introducing inorganic features to organic photovoltaics","authors":"Hamid Heidarzadeh","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08160-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08160-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In thicker polymer active layers charge collection efficiency suffers due to low carrier mobility and increased recombination losses. In thin absorber polymer solar cell to increase absorption, light-trapping techniques and plasmonic structures are essential. This study investigates the effect of shell thickness on the photocurrent density of a poly(3-hexylthiophene): phenyl-C61- butyric acid methyl ester (P₃HT:PCBM) polymer based solar cell incorporating core–shell nanoparticles with configurations of Au–Ag and Ag-Au core–shell nanoparticles. Through a series of simulation, the photocurrent density was calculated as a function of shell thickness. The results demonstrate that, for both nanoparticle configurations, the photocurrent density generally increases with shell thickness, reaching an optimal point before stabilizing or slightly decreasing. Additionally, the effects of dielectric shells made of SiO₂ and Al₂O₃ on its performance parameters were analyzed. The study also found that the photocurrent decreases with increasing shell thickness for both SiO₂ and Al₂O₃ shells, with a more pronounced decrease for SiO₂ due to its smaller refractive index and greater change in shorter wavelengths. The photocurrent density of 13.74 mA/cm² is achieved for a cell with a thickness of 80 nm without nanoparticles. This value increases to 16.62 mA/cm² for a cell incorporating Ag nanoparticles and reaches 19.3 mA/cm² for a cell with Au–Ag core–shell nanoparticles at the optimal shell thickness. The power conversion efficiency of the polymer solar cell increases from 7.02% without nanoparticles to 8.67% with Ag, 8.45% with Au, and reaches the highest value of 10.26% with Au–Ag core–shell nanoparticles, highlighting the superior performance of the core–shell configuration. This superior performance is attributed to the enhanced plasmonic effects of the Au–Ag combination, which facilitates better light trapping and absorption. These findings underscore the importance of optimizing shell thickness and material composition in core–shell nanoparticles and dielectric shells to maximize the efficiency of photovoltaic cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turbulent Power: A Discriminator Between Sheaths and CMEs","authors":"Deep Ghuge,&nbsp;Debesh Bhattacharjee,&nbsp;Prasad Subramanian","doi":"10.1007/s11207-025-02457-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11207-025-02457-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) directed at the Earth often drive large geomagnetic storms. Here, we use velocity, magnetic field, and proton density data from 152 CMEs that were sampled in situ at 1 AU by the Wind spacecraft. We Fourier analyze fluctuations of these quantities in the quiescent pre-CME solar wind, sheath, and magnetic cloud. We quantify the extent by which the power in turbulent (magnetic field, velocity, and density) fluctuations in the sheath exceeds that in the solar wind background and in the magnetic cloud. For instance, the mean value of the power per unit volume in magnetic field fluctuations in the sheath is 76.7 times that in the solar wind background, while the mean value of the power per unit mass in velocity fluctuations in the sheath is 9 times that in the magnetic cloud. Our detailed results show that the turbulent fluctuation power is a useful discriminator between the ambient solar wind background, sheaths, and magnetic clouds and can serve as an input for space weather prediction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":777,"journal":{"name":"Solar Physics","volume":"300 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Laplacian-based quantum graph neural networks for quantum semi-supervised learning","authors":"Hamed Gholipour,&nbsp;Farid Bozorgnia,&nbsp;Kailash Hambarde,&nbsp;Hamzeh Mohammadigheymasi,&nbsp;Javier Mancilla,&nbsp;Andre Sequeira,&nbsp;João Neves,&nbsp;Hugo Proença,&nbsp;Moharram Challenger","doi":"10.1007/s11128-025-04725-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11128-025-04725-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Laplacian learning method has proven effective in classical graph-based semi-supervised learning, yet its quantum counterpart remains underexplored. This study systematically evaluates the Laplacian-based quantum semi-supervised learning (QSSL) approach across four benchmark datasets—Iris, Wine, Breast Cancer Wisconsin, and Heart Disease. By experimenting with varying qubit counts and entangling layers, we demonstrate that increased quantum resources do not necessarily lead to improved performance. Our findings reveal that the effectiveness of the method is highly sensitive to dataset characteristics, as well as the number of entangling layers. Optimal configurations, generally featuring moderate entanglement, strike a balance between model complexity and generalization. These results emphasize the importance of dataset-specific hyperparameter tuning in quantum semi-supervised learning frameworks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":746,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Information Processing","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11128-025-04725-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broadband single-polarization single-mode low confinement loss hollow core anti-resonant fiber with semi-elliptical nested tube","authors":"Wen Lin,&nbsp;Yihong Fei,&nbsp;Ning Wang,&nbsp;Hongzhi Jia","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08163-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08163-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, a hollow-core anti-resonant optical fibre containing a semi-elliptical nested tube is proposed, which has the characteristics of single-polarization, large bandwidth, single-mode and low confinement loss. By optimizing the structural design, the polarization extinction ratio (PER) of the fiber reaches 21,0183 at a wavelength of 1.55 <span>(mu)</span>m, and the y-polarized fundamental mode loss is only 0.00086 dB/m. By changing the material and thickness of the semi-ellipsoidal nested tube, a large bandwidth of 280 nm was achieved in the wavelength range of 1.51<span>(-)</span>1.78 <span>(mu)</span>m, with loss limited to less than 0.001 dB/m within the bandwidth range. The PER and higher-order mode extinction ratio of 4870, 1487, respectively. The loss remains below 0.01 dB/m when the bending radius exceeds 4.5 cm. Therefore, it is expected that this optical fiber can be used in optical devices such as fiber optic sensors, fiber optic lasers and fiber optic gyroscopes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raman-enhanced nonlinear effects on third harmonic generation in plasma using Hermite cosh Gaussian laser beam","authors":"Taruna Azad,&nbsp;Niti Kant,&nbsp;Alireza Paknezhad,&nbsp;Oriza Kamboj","doi":"10.1007/s11082-025-08143-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-025-08143-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper investigates the third harmonic generation (THG) process due to Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) in a magnetized plasma using a Hermite cosh Gaussian laser beam (HchG). The unique intensity profile of the HchG laser beam interacts with the plasma which leads to the generation of plasma waves and sideband electromagnetic waves i.e. stokes and Anti-stokes waves. This interaction leads to density perturbation inside the plasma, which couples with the laser wave, resulting in THG. A nonlinear wave equation, along with the equation of motion for plasma electrons, is employed to derive the dispersion relation and analyze the growth rate of the SRS instability. The study incorporates the effects of a static magnetic field, focusing on cold and underdense plasma conditions. The results demonstrate that the HchG beam’s spatial profile enhances the efficiency of THG and significantly impacts the growth rate and characteristics of SRS, suggesting that modulating laser beam profiles can effectively control plasma dynamics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction, purification, structural characterization, and anti-skin aging activity of a homogeneous polysaccharide from Durvillaea antarctica","authors":"Jiahui Wu,&nbsp;Yonglei Yuan,&nbsp;Liping Qu","doi":"10.1186/s40538-025-00757-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40538-025-00757-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As an edible algae with rich nutrients and high medicinal value, <i>Durvillaea antarctica</i> has certain potential in anti-aging, but there is currently limited research on the separation, purification and activity of its anti-aging active ingredients. We successfully extracted and purified a new β-(1,3)-D-glucan with a special branched structure from <i>Durvillaea antarctica</i> using subcritical water extraction combined with ultrafiltration membrane (SWE-UFM). The polysaccharide, named DAG-1, consists of glucose (92.70%) and has a weight-average molecular weight of 10149 Da. The GC–MS and 1D/2D NMR confirmed that DAG-1 was composed of 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → , → 3,6)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → , β-D-Glcp-(1 → and → 6)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → , and β-glycosidic linkages between these sugar units. Animal experiments showed that DAG-1 has significant anti-skin aging effects by inhibiting the reduction of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, accumulation of malonic dialdehyde (MDA), and decline in hydroxyproline (HYP) content in collagen fibers of D-gal-induced mouse skin. To further elucidate the mechanism of DAG-1, we found that DAG-1 can alleviate senescence in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFa), inhibit degranulation of human cutaneous mast cells (HCMC), and modulate inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6) production. Additionally, DAG-1 may bind to c-KIT receptors and downregulate the expression of KITLG/KIT, regulating the growth and activation of mast cells, and thus alleviate skin aging. These findings suggest that DAG-1 is a potential anti-aging ingredient for functional food, cosmetic, and medicine development.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":512,"journal":{"name":"Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://chembioagro.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40538-025-00757-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Destructive Quantum Interference in Bicyclic Conjugated Hydrocarbons","authors":"N. M. Shubin,&nbsp;A. A. Gorbatsevich","doi":"10.3103/S1068335624602322","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335624602322","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We theoretically study coherent transport of charge carriers in molecular conductors based on bicyclic conjugated hydrocarbons. In the case of electrodes attached to the same cycle, within the framework of the Huckel model (the tight-binding model) without taking into account the electron-electron interaction, an analytical expression for the numerator of the transmission coefficient is derived, which zeroes determine energies of antiresonances. Analysis of this expression allowed us to formulate a relatively simple and clear rule for determining the presence/absence of destructive quantum interference near the Fermi energy, which, in essence, comes down to counting the number of atoms in the cycles and their mutual arrangement, as well as their arrangement relative to the electrodes. In particular, the proposed model correctly agrees with the results of numerical simulation and experiment for the azulene molecule, which did not fit into the previously proposed similar schematic rules.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"52 2","pages":"56 - 61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notable peak voltage and sensitivity as well as optical-communication of the inclined Bi2Sr2CuOy thin film with different wavelength lasers","authors":"Xianwu Tang,&nbsp;Yanchao Zhang,&nbsp;Ming Liu,&nbsp;Yuxuan Jiang,&nbsp;Xueyao Lu,&nbsp;Gangyi Zhu,&nbsp;Yongjin Wang,&nbsp;Xuebin Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08484-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08484-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, the laser-induced thermoelectric voltage (LITV) of the solution-deposited inclined Bi₂Sr₂CuO_y (BSCO) thin films with different wavelength semiconductor lasers was investigated. Microstructure results indicate the BSCO thin film inclined growth along the substrate with the same angle. Obvious LITV keeps a linear increase with the increased power density for each wavelength laser. The peak voltage is over 40 mV at the power density of 40 mW/cm². It is slightly different with the laser wavelength, caused by the difference in optical absorption and light penetration depth. The sensitivity is higher than 0.8 and increases to 1.15 V·cm²/W with the laser changes from green to ultraviolet. Furthermore, based on the LITV effect of the BSCO thin film, the carry information can be transmitted and decoded correctly via the optical communications system composed of the light diode laser. All these results demonstrate the potential application and favorable properties of the inclined BSCO thin films in broad-spectrum response of photodetection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}