Springer最新文献

{"title":"Charged superradiant instability in a spherical regular black hole","authors":"Yizhi Zhan,&nbsp;Hengyu Xu,&nbsp;Shao-Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13714-5","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13714-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We examine the stability of a spherically symmetric regular black hole when subjected to perturbations from a charged scalar field. This particular black hole is constructed by deforming the Minkowski spacetime. It has been observed that the charged superradiant instability arises only within a specific range of the deformation parameter, potentially resulting in an instability growth rate with a maximum magnitude of approximately <span>(text {Im} (M omega ) sim 10^{-3})</span>. This growth rate significantly exceeds the instability identified in ABG black holes discussed in prior research, suggesting a notable timescale for detecting this phenomenon in astrophysical scenarios. Additionally, we conduct a thorough investigation into how the three parameters of the model influence the onset and intensity of the instability. Our analysis offers further insights into the possible emergence of this instability in spherical regular black holes and its association with the nonlinear effects of the electromagnetic field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"84 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13714-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142880479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particle Current in Double-Path Josephson Junction under Rashba Interaction Connected to Bose-Einstein Condensate Reservoirs","authors":"Satoshi Kawaguchi","doi":"10.1007/s13538-024-01641-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13538-024-01641-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate the properties of a double-path Josephson junction connected to Bose-Einstein condensate reservoirs. By comparing the current in the proposed setup with that in a similar system connected to superconductors, we elucidate the key differences between the two systems. The systems are influenced by the Aharonov-Bohm effect, Rashba spin-orbit interaction, and phase difference of order parameters between left and right leads. Utilizing the Keldysh formalism, it turns out that, in the system connected to Bose-Einstein condensate reservoirs, the Josephson current includes higher frequency components of the phase difference between left and right reservoirs. Additionally, the dependence of critical current on energy level does not show the complete symmetric resonance but the Fano-type resonance with single or double peaks. These differences result from the bosonic statistics of reservoirs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":499,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Physics","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13538-024-01641-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142880472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the mode composition of optical radiation from the reflection spectrum of multimode fiber Bragg grating","authors":"Foat R. Iakupov,&nbsp;Fedor V. Zakharov,&nbsp;Andrey I. Baranov,&nbsp;Renat I. Shaidullin","doi":"10.1007/s00340-024-08373-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-024-08373-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A novel approach for the reconstruction of the mode composition of optical radiation in multimode fiber is presented. It is based on the analysis of the reflection spectrum from the multimode fiber Bragg grating. The mode composition of radiation in the multimode fiber with 40 µm core diameter, sustaining 17 transverse LP modes, was experimentally studied. The experimentally obtained spectral reflection peaks from the multimode fiber Bragg grating coincide very well with the theoretically calculated ones. At the same time, additional spectral peaks corresponding to the cross-reflection of some modes into others were discovered. The introduced method also made it possible to determine the parameters of the studied multimode fiber Bragg grating. Furthermore, the presented method allows the determination of the bending losses for different transverse modes of radiation. The obtained results can help to characterize the operation of few-mode or multimode laser systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142880498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorption and reaction time effects on the properties of ZnS films grown by SILAR: an experimental study and DFT calculation","authors":"A. Yousfi,&nbsp;H. El farri,&nbsp;N. Ait Labyad,&nbsp;I. Benaicha,&nbsp;J. Mhalla,&nbsp;A. El-Habib,&nbsp;El. Laghchim,&nbsp;A. Raidou,&nbsp;A. Bendoumou,&nbsp;K. Nouneh,&nbsp;M. Taibi,&nbsp;M. Lharch,&nbsp;M. Fahoume","doi":"10.1007/s11082-024-07918-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11082-024-07918-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction method was used to synthesize and study the effect of immersion time in cationic and anionic solutions on the physical properties of zinc sulfide thin films (ZSTF). ZSTF were deposited onto glass substrates. X-ray diffraction analysis of the as-deposited ZSTF films revealed the formation of polycrystalline cubic structures with a dominant (111) orientation. These films exhibited improved crystallinity following 2 h of sulfurization at 400 °C. Using the absorption coefficient measurement, the gap energies of ZSTF for the immersion times 30 s, 40 s and 50 s were 3.84 eV, 3.8 eV, and 3.74 eV, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed a rough grainy morphology, and the obtained layers are formed with the stoichiometry of Zn and S. A density functional theory simulation was performed to calculate the gap energies of ZSTF, by generalized gradient approximation. The obtained results have shown a direct optical gap within the interval 2–2.5 eV. To improve the accuracy of electronic property calculations, using the TB-mBJ approximation, the energy gap was found to range between 3.61 and 3.82 eV These results are in good agreement with the experimental findings, which can promote the development of such materials for photovoltaic applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":720,"journal":{"name":"Optical and Quantum Electronics","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142880463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of geometrical parameters on AlGaN/GaN heterostructure MOS-HEMT biosensor","authors":"Abdellah Bouguenna,&nbsp;Driss Bouguenna,&nbsp;Amine Boudghene Stambouli,&nbsp;Aasif Mohammad Bhat","doi":"10.1007/s10825-024-02247-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10825-024-02247-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, we present the study of AlGaN/GaN metal–oxide–semiconductor high-electron-mobility transistor (MOS-HEMT) biosensors for protein detection. We study the effects of technological parameters including the gate width, gate length, AlGaN layer thickness, oxide thickness layer, and oxide type including HfO₂, Al₂O₃, and SiO₂ on the output characteristics, sensitivity of the MOS-HEMT biosensors, and <i>C</i>–<i>V</i> characteristics. The model developed is compared with experimental data to verify its validity. The AlGaN/GaN bio-MOS-HEMTs show the greatest change in drain current of 208.08 mA with <i>W</i>_g = 100 µm, <i>L</i>_g= 0.3 µm, <i>d</i>_AlGaN=15 nm, and SiO₂ oxide thickness of 25 nm at protein permittivity of 2.5.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Electronics","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142875280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Outcomes in Suspected Pediatric Delta-8-THC Exposures.","authors":"Simon J Ostrowski, Matthew P Scanlon, David J Barton, Michael J Lynch, William J Trautman","doi":"10.1007/s13181-024-01055-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13181-024-01055-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16429,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Toxicology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"α7-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Activation Modulates BV2 Microglial Plasticity via miR-21/TNF-α/NFκB in Oxygen–Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation","authors":"Mohammad Yusuf Hasan,&nbsp;Azim Haikal Md Roslan,&nbsp;Norazrina Azmi,&nbsp;Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim,&nbsp;Alina Arulsamy,&nbsp;Vanessa Lin Lin Lee,&nbsp;Rosfaiizah Siran,&nbsp;Sharmili Vidyadaran,&nbsp;Eng Wee Chua,&nbsp;Mohd Kaisan Mahadi","doi":"10.1007/s12031-024-02300-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12031-024-02300-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Elevated inflammatory reactions are a significant component in cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury (CIRI). Activation of α7-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor (α7nAChR) reduces stroke-induced inflammation in rats, but the anti-inflammatory pathway in microglia under CIRI condition remains unclear. This study employed qRT-PCR, protein assays, NanoString analysis, and bioinformatics to examine the effects of PNU282987 treatment (α7nAChR agonist) on BV2 microglial functional differentiation in oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGDR) condition. OGDR significantly increased the gene expression of pro-inflammatory markers such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL1β, while α7nAChR agonists reduced these markers. The anti-inflammatory gene marker IL-10 was upregulated by α7nAChR agonist treatment. Downstream pathway marker analysis showed that both gene and protein expression of NFκB was associated with anti-inflammatory effects. Blocking microRNA-21 with antagomir reversed the anti-inflammatory effects. NanoString analysis revealed that microRNA-21 inhibition significantly affected inflammation-related genes, including <i>AL1RAP</i>, <i>TLR9</i>, <i>FLT1</i>, <i>PTGIR</i>, <i>NFκB</i>, <i>TREM2</i>, <i>TNF</i>, <i>SMAD7</i>, <i>FOS</i>, <i>CCL5</i>, <i>IFIT1</i>, <i>CFB</i>, <i>CXCL10</i>, <i>IFI44</i>, <i>DDIT3</i>, <i>IRF7</i>, <i>OASL1</i>, <i>IL1A</i>, <i>IFIT2</i>, <i>C3</i>, <i>CD40</i>, <i>STAT2</i>, <i>IFIT3</i>, <i>IL1RN</i>, <i>OAS1A</i>, <i>CSF1</i>, <i>CCL4</i>, <i>CCL2</i>, <i>CCL3</i>, <i>BCL2L1</i>, and <i>ITGB2</i>. Enrichment analysis of upregulated genes identified Gene Ontology Biological Processes related to cytokine responses and TNF-associated pathways. This study highlights α7nAChR activation as a key regulator of anti-inflammatory responses in BV2 microglia under OGDR conditions, with micro-RNA21 identified as a crucial mediator of receptor-driven neuroprotection via the TNF-α/NF<i>κ</i>B signalling pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Molecular Neuroscience","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142880486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of pillar shapes on the cell isolation in contactless DEP microfluidic devices","authors":"Mohsen Mashhadi Keshtiban,&nbsp;Peyman Torky Harchegani,&nbsp;Mahdi Moghimi Zand,&nbsp;Zahra Azizi","doi":"10.1007/s10404-024-02772-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10404-024-02772-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Contactless dielectrophoresis is an effective method for trapping and manipulating cells in microfluidic devices. However, the efficiency of these devices decreases at higher flow rates. To address the limitation of previous studies, a new pillar shape is introduced and numerically simulated to isolate THP-1 cells and efficiently separate them from red blood cells (RBCs). A comparison is made in two microchannels with the novel pillar shape of two perpendicular ellipses and the circular pillar shape as the reference case. Simulation results demonstrate that the use of two perpendicular ellipticals pillar shape improves the electric characteristics of the device, showing 92.7% higher <span>(nabla {E}_{rms}^{2})</span> compared to the channel with circular pillars. The working frequency is selected based on the CM factor to isolate THP-1 cells without affecting RBCs. Additionally, the new pillar configuration exhibited 116% higher cell trap efficiency compared to the chip with circular pillars.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":706,"journal":{"name":"Microfluidics and Nanofluidics","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142880541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tackling Biofilm Resistance of Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria Against Levofloxacin via Nanotechnology and Essential Oils","authors":"Sarhan Omnia Mohamed","doi":"10.1007/s12247-024-09891-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12247-024-09891-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The generation of biofilms by bacteria has become a major factor in the rise of antibiotic resistance. Lipid nano-capsules (LNCs) have recently emerged as an innovative platform for drug delivery, due to their unique properties and ability to carry a wide array of therapeutic chemical compounds.</p><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The objective of this research was to create, optimize, and evaluate the antibiofilm efficacy of a peppermint oil emulsion (o/w) containing levofloxacin against resistant bacteria via biofilm formation.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Essential oils, particularly peppermint oil known for its antifungal properties, were employed instead of traditional medium chain triglycerides to formulate lipid nanocarriers, utilizing alternating surfactant types (Solutol HS 15 and Cremophor EL) and differing oil to surfactant ratios (2:1 and 1:1). The LFX-LNCs formula, with a 2:1 oil to surfactant ratio, was selected for further investigation due to its physical properties, including particle size, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy, and polydispersity index. The antibacterial efficiency of LFX-LNCs was evaluated, revealing their ability to eradicate established biofilms of Gram-negative pathogens, including Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), as well as Gram-positive strains such as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean particle size of LFX-LNCs varied from 30.86 ± 0.54 nm to 68.36 ± 0.56 nm, demonstrating a narrow size distribution, a negative zeta potential (-1.56 ± 0.24 to -20.2 ± 2.15 mV), and a polydispersity index (PDI) ranging from 0.062 ± 0.006 to 0.26 ± 0.002. Lipid nanocapsules generally exhibit a spherical morphology within the nanometric size range when analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The antimicrobial activity assessment revealed that EL 2:1 exhibited the most significant antimicrobial efficacy, characterized by a reduced particle size and an inhibition zone measuring up to (2.43 ± 0.24 cm), demonstrating promising results against several pathogenic strains, including <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, <i>S. aureus</i>, and <i>E. coli</i>.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study illustrates the efficacy of LFX-LNCs in the treatment of non-healing wounds infected with biofilm-forming bacteria.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12247-024-09891-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142880539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemical and magnetic properties in fluvial and lacustrine systems as environmental quality proxies in the Atacama Desert","authors":"Adriana Aránguiz-Acuña,&nbsp;Héctor Pizarro,&nbsp;Abraham Flores-Varas,&nbsp;Joseline Tapia,&nbsp;Josefina Herrera,&nbsp;Santiago Maza","doi":"10.1007/s12665-024-12023-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-024-12023-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rivers play a crucial role in landscape evolution and human development, especially in arid zones, where hydrological resources are scarce and in high demand. The Atacama Desert is one of the world’s oldest and driest non-polar deserts, and aquatic systems therein have been historically subjected to anthropogenic pressure mainly associated with natural resource exploitation, such as water consumption for industrial mining activities. The mining industry has experienced a systematic development since the early 20th century, making Chile one of the main worldwide copper producers. This study analyzed sediments from two Atacama Desert rivers, the Loa and Salado Rivers (Antofagasta Region, Northern Chile). Sedimentary short-cores were obtained from sampled locations at varying distances from the confluence of the rivers. The characterization of chemical components, grain size, mineralogy, and magnetic properties of the rivers’ sediments was assessed in surface and subsurface samples to determine their respective signatures in the Inka-Coya Lake near the rivers’ confluence. The magnetic mineralogy present in the sediments of both rivers is composed of detrital magnetite and maghemite interspersed with those of authigenic origin. However, the downstream Loa River concentrated more authigenic minerals than the Salado and increased the abundance of silt-sized particles. The grain size of the Loa’s channel bed suggests low stream competency and high formation of depositional habitats. The magnetic signal and mineralogical composition of sediments from the lake are dominated by detrital pyrite, magnetite, and authigenic greigite. In contrast, the river’s sediments were dominated by magnetite and maghemite of detrital origin intercalated with those of authigenic origin. The granulometry, mineralogy, and rock magnetic properties of Inka-Coya Lake sediments indicate recent detrital input alternating with authigenic mineral-rich layers, mainly reflecting shifts in hydrological regimes. The highest concentrations of copper were observed in the upper, more recent sediment layers. Future scenarios of risky climatic conditions associated with increasing global metal demands could modify the availability of potentially toxic elements and transport capability in fluvial sediments, increasing the threats to water resource conservation in the world’s most arid desert.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12665-024-12023-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142875276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}