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Innovative Nanostructured Lipid Scaffolds for Cilnidipine: Design and Optimization to Elevate the Therapeutic Potential in Hypertensive Therapy

IF 2.7 4区化学

Journal of Cluster Science Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1007/s10876-025-02792-4

Yogesh Mali, Rarchita Sharma, Yogeeta Agrawal, Kiran Patil

{"title":"Innovative Nanostructured Lipid Scaffolds for Cilnidipine: Design and Optimization to Elevate the Therapeutic Potential in Hypertensive Therapy","authors":"Yogesh Mali, Rarchita Sharma, Yogeeta Agrawal, Kiran Patil","doi":"10.1007/s10876-025-02792-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10876-025-02792-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hypertension is the foremost reason for death among patients with heart disease, stroke, and chronic kidney disease. Cilnidipine (CLN), a fourth–generation dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, shows promising results for cardiovascular diseases, but its bioavailability (6–30%) negatively impacts its effectiveness. The synthesis of cilnidipine encapsulated Nanostructured Lipid Carriers was achieved through high–pressure homogenization and 3<sup>3</sup> Box–Behnken Design was utilized for optimization. The physicochemical characterization evaluated the entrapment efficiency (%EE), size of the particle, its zeta potential, thermal behavior, crystallinity, and chemical interactions. The optimized formulation presented 190.21 ± 21.63 nm (mean particle size), 0.27 ± 0.12 (PDI), -29.25 ± 0.31 mV (Zeta), and 79.35% ± 3.13% (Entrapment efficiency). Analysis using DSC and XRD confirmed the transition of the drug’s crystalline form to an amorphous form within the nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), potentially improving its solubility and bioavailability. Fourier–transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) affirmed compatibility between Cilnidipine and formulation excipients. The studies of <i>in–vitro</i> release showed an initial surge in release, followed by a gradual slow drug release from NLCs, exhibiting a dual–release pattern. This study aims to develop, optimize, and evaluate CLN–NLCs to boost the oral bioavailability of CLN, thereby improving its therapeutic effectiveness and patient compliance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cluster Science","volume":"36 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transient Subtraction: A Control Variate Method for Computing Transport Coefficients

IF 1.3 3区物理与天体物理

Journal of Statistical Physics Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1007/s10955-025-03424-x

Renato Spacek, Pierre Monmarché, Gabriel Stoltz

{"title":"Transient Subtraction: A Control Variate Method for Computing Transport Coefficients","authors":"Renato Spacek, Pierre Monmarché, Gabriel Stoltz","doi":"10.1007/s10955-025-03424-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10955-025-03424-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In molecular dynamics, transport coefficients measure the sensitivity of the invariant probability measure of the stochastic dynamics at hand with respect to some perturbation. They are typically computed using either the linear response of nonequilibrium dynamics, or the Green–Kubo formula. The estimators for both approaches have large variances, which motivates the study of variance reduction techniques for computing transport coefficients. We present an alternative approach, called the <i>transient subtraction technique</i> (inspired by early work by Ciccotti and Jaccucci in Phys Rev Lett 35(12):789–792, 1975, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.35.789), which amounts to simulating a transient dynamics started off equilibrium and relaxing towards the equilibrium state, from which we subtract a sensibly coupled equilibrium trajectory, resulting in an estimator with smaller variance. We present the mathematical formulation of the transient subtraction technique, give error estimates on the bias and variance of the associated estimator, and demonstrate the relevance of the method through numerical illustrations for various systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Statistical Physics","volume":"192 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphogenesis in plasticity: gradients, dislocation patterns & deformation bands - in recognition of Nasr Ghoniem’s research contributions

Materials Theory Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1186/s41313-024-00067-5

Elias C. Aifantis

{"title":"Morphogenesis in plasticity: gradients, dislocation patterns & deformation bands - in recognition of Nasr Ghoniem’s research contributions","authors":"Elias C. Aifantis","doi":"10.1186/s41313-024-00067-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s41313-024-00067-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A personal, but quite general viewpoint on current morphogenic plasticity developments is given by elaborating on dislocation patterning and deformation bands with an eye on Nasr Ghoniem’s pioneering contributions to material instabilities. It is based on the gradient approach advocated by the author in the early 1980s and subsequently pursued by him and his co-workers, as well as other leading scientists, including Ghoniem himself. Since the physical origin of plastic flow in metals is due to the existence of dislocations, a brief discussion on the removal of classical elasticity singularities for this type of line defects is provided based on a gradient modification of Hooke’s law and its extension to also include fractional and fractal effects. The article will thus first briefly revisit early efforts on pattern-forming instabilities in plasticity and then discuss the need for combined gradient-stochastic models to capture plastic heterogeneity phenomena at small scales. It will continue with listing easy-to-use fractional/fractal dislocation solutions for potential implementation to respective dislocation-based computer simulations and conclude with a few remarks on possible extensions of the Laplacian-based gradient approach described herein to other multiscale/multiphysics phenomena. The last topic is an open issue that has not been pursued as yet in the material physics and mechanics community. Even though some of our new unpublished results are preliminary and sporadically shared with the community in conference presentations available at the internet, it is hoped that they can still inspire a much-needed collective collaboration and more elaborate interdisciplinary studies in the near future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":693,"journal":{"name":"Materials Theory","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://jmsh.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s41313-024-00067-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structure, Optical and Radiation Shielding Features of Zn1 − xMgxO/Mn3O4/MnO Nanocomposites

IF 2.7 4区化学

Journal of Cluster Science Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1007/s10876-025-02801-6

Zein K. Heiba, M. M. Ghannam, Ali Badawi, Mohamed Bakr Mohamed

{"title":"Structure, Optical and Radiation Shielding Features of Zn1 − xMgxO/Mn3O4/MnO Nanocomposites","authors":"Zein K. Heiba, M. M. Ghannam, Ali Badawi, Mohamed Bakr Mohamed","doi":"10.1007/s10876-025-02801-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10876-025-02801-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Zn<sub>1 − x</sub>Mg<sub>x</sub>O/Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/MnO (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03) nanocomposite samples were produced using the solid-state reaction at low temperature. The phase analysis for the synchrotron x-ray diffraction data for all samples was performed using the search match software. We determined the phase percentages using the Rietveld method. The crystallite sizes for all phases were determined. FTIR and Raman spectra confirmed the presence of ZnO, MnO and Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> phases in the formed samples. The Rietveld analysis-determined crystallite size anisotropy is evident in the rod-like form using the scanning electron microscopy technique. The absorbance and reflectance spectra of all samples were determined using UV–Vis diffuse reflectance technique. The optical band gap value depended on the amount of Mg in the samples. All samples have three optical band gaps assigned to ZnO, Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and MnO phases. In comparison to higher energy photons, Zn1-xMgxO/Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/MnO nanocomposite samples showed a greater absorption rate for minimal energy photons. The results obtained suggest that Mg-containing materials are less likely to interact with gamma rays than to pass through them. The greatest fast neutron removal cross section (FNRCS) value was shown by the nanocomposite containing 1% of Mg. Our Mg-containing nanocomposite samples exhibit remarkable neutron shielding properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":618,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cluster Science","volume":"36 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New insights into the doubly charmed exotic mesons

IF 4.2 2区物理与天体物理

The European Physical Journal C Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14111-2

Di Guo, Qin-He Yang, Ling-Yun Dai, A. P. Szczepaniak

引用次数: 0

Chandrasekhar’s Integral Stability Criterion Modified within the Kaniadakis κ-Statistics for an Equilibrium Cloud of a Protostar

IF 0.6 4区物理与天体物理

Solar System Research Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1134/S003809462460121X

A. V. Kolesnichenko

{"title":"Chandrasekhar’s Integral Stability Criterion Modified within the Kaniadakis κ-Statistics for an Equilibrium Cloud of a Protostar","authors":"A. V. Kolesnichenko","doi":"10.1134/S003809462460121X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S003809462460121X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the framework of nonextensive statistical mechanics of Kaniadakis, the integral stability theorem of Chandrasekhar has been generalized for a spherically symmetric distribution of matter and blackbody radiation in a protoplanetary cloud being in a state of gravitational equilibrium. For this purpose, we use the elements of deformed thermodynamics for an ideal gas, the deformed canonical Gibbs distribution, as well as the effective gravitational constant evaluated within the Verlinde formalisms. In the κ-statistics context, the modified thermodynamic properties of blackbody radiation, specifically, the analog of Stefan’s law for the radiation energy and the generalized expressions for the entropy, heat capacity, and radiation pressure, have been obtained. The proposed method of combining the mentioned anomalous physical processes provides an alternative to the classical procedure of Chandrasekhar’s derivation of the well-known integral theorems for gaseous configurations being in gravitational equilibrium. These results are to be used in modeling the processes of joint formation and evolution of protostars and an exoplanetary cloud from a single nebula.</p>","PeriodicalId":778,"journal":{"name":"Solar System Research","volume":"59 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Separation of Am (V, VI) from Cm(III) and Pr(III) in Ammonia and Ammonium-Carbonate Media

IF 0.9

Radiochemistry Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1134/S1066362225010072

P. A. Osin, T. I. Trofimov, Yu. M. Kulyako, S. E. Vinokurov, B. F. Myasoedov

引用次数: 0

Jeans’ Instability of a Protoplanetary Disk with Accounting for the Magnetic Field and Radiation Modified within the Nonextensive Tsallis Kinetics

IF 0.6 4区物理与天体物理

Solar System Research Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1134/S0038094624601208

A. V. Kolesnichenko

引用次数: 0

Enthalpy Characteristics of Solvation of 1-Aza-18-crown-6 in Water–Ethanol and Water–Dimethyl Sulfoxide Solvents