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Probing Complex Photophysics in Gold Nanoclusters. 探索金纳米团簇中的复杂光物理。
IF 1.6 4区 化学
Chimia Pub Date : 2026-04-29 DOI: 10.2533/chimia.2026.215
Luis E Llanes-Montesino, Gonzalo Angulo, Jiangtao Zhao, Thomas Bürgi, Arnulf Rosspeintner
{"title":"Probing Complex Photophysics in Gold Nanoclusters.","authors":"Luis E Llanes-Montesino, Gonzalo Angulo, Jiangtao Zhao, Thomas Bürgi, Arnulf Rosspeintner","doi":"10.2533/chimia.2026.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2026.215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report striking photophysical behaviour of Au25(PET)18 (PET = 2-phenylethanethiol) nanoclusters in both anionic and neutral forms. Using broad spectral coverage and tuneable excitation, steady-state, and time-resolved measurements reveal low-energy absorption and emission features, weak photoluminescence, and multiexponential decay dynamics. Notably, the neutral species shows excitation-wavelength-dependent emissions and a pronounced mismatch between excitation and absorption spectra, violating Kasha's and Vavilov's rules. These results point towards complex excited-state behaviour of these systems and the crucial role of instrumentation design in their accurate characterisation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9957,"journal":{"name":"Chimia","volume":"80 4","pages":"215-218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147863880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
O-Linked Oligosaccharides in Plant Specialized Metabolites. 植物特化代谢物中的o -连接寡糖。
IF 1.4 4区 化学
Chimia Pub Date : 2026-04-29 DOI: 10.2533/chimia.2026.234
Tristan Michael Cofer, Pierre Mateo, Christelle Aurélie Maud Robert
{"title":"O-Linked Oligosaccharides in Plant Specialized Metabolites.","authors":"Tristan Michael Cofer, Pierre Mateo, Christelle Aurélie Maud Robert","doi":"10.2533/chimia.2026.234","DOIUrl":"10.2533/chimia.2026.234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glycosylation is a widespread modification of plant specialized metabolites (PSMs), yet O-linked oligosaccharide chain formation remains poorly explored. Beyond mono-glycosylation, a subset of PSMs occurs as di-, tri-, or higher oligosaccharides conjugates in which multiple sugar units are sequentially attached at a single glycosylation site. Such chain-based architectures have been reported across diverse plant taxa and chemical classes, but remain sparsely documented. Here, we synthesize evidence for O-linked polysaccharides in PSMs, with emphasis on their chemical architectures and biosynthetic principles. Finally, we discuss emerging examples in which O-linked oligosaccharide chains modulate metabolite stability, reversibility, or chemical behaviour, positioning poly-glycosylation as an underappreciated dimension of plant chemical diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9957,"journal":{"name":"Chimia","volume":"80 4","pages":"234-237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147863748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bio-Inspired Stable {Co4O4} Molecular Catalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction. 生物激发稳定{Co4O4}分子催化剂的析氧反应。
IF 1.6 4区 化学
Chimia Pub Date : 2026-04-29 DOI: 10.2533/chimia.2026.250
Shagnkun Li, Greta R Patzke
{"title":"Bio-Inspired Stable {Co<sub>4</sub>O<sub>4</sub>} Molecular Catalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction.","authors":"Shagnkun Li, Greta R Patzke","doi":"10.2533/chimia.2026.250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2026.250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developing stable and efficient molecular water oxidation catalysts is crucial for renewable energy conversion. Cubic {Co4O4} complexes are promising oxygen-evolution-reaction (OER) catalysts because they combine molecular precision with bio-inspired design, but their operational stability remains a challenge. Inspired by the oxygen-evolving complex of photosystem II, we immobilize {Co4O4} cubane oxo clusters within a conductive polymer. Using polypyrrole as a p-type conducting polymer enhances hole transport during OER, resulting in a higher turnover frequency than the pristine {Co4O4} cluster and cobalt oxide benchmarks. The asymmetric coordination further improves stability and catalytic efficiency by exposing an active cofacial dihydroxide motif.[1].</p>","PeriodicalId":9957,"journal":{"name":"Chimia","volume":"80 4","pages":"250-253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147863770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multiplexed Gel-based ABPP Strategy for Target-agnostic Serine Hydrolase Inhibitor Screening. 基于复合凝胶的丝氨酸水解酶抑制剂筛选ABPP策略
IF 1.4 4区 化学
Chimia Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.2533/chimia.2026.145
Franciscus H G Ter Brake, Patrick Rehorst, Machiel W Henst, Mario Van der Stelt, Antonius P A Janssen
{"title":"Multiplexed Gel-based ABPP Strategy for Target-agnostic Serine Hydrolase Inhibitor Screening.","authors":"Franciscus H G Ter Brake, Patrick Rehorst, Machiel W Henst, Mario Van der Stelt, Antonius P A Janssen","doi":"10.2533/chimia.2026.145","DOIUrl":"10.2533/chimia.2026.145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Serine hydrolases (SHs) represent a functionally defined enzyme class with significant roles in human physiology, yet many of the approximately 240 human SH's lack selective chemical inhibitors required for functional validation. To address this, we developed a medium throughput screening platform based on multiplexed gel-based activity-based protein profiling (ABPP). Using mouse brain proteome as a source, we performed a target-agnostic screen of 1,664 covalent compounds, leading to the identification of three micromolar-potent fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitors featuring urea warheads and one epoxide-based inhibitor targeting an unannotated protein. An α/β-hydrolase domain-containing protein 2 (ABHD2) interaction was identified via chemical proteomics, which was validated with overexpression studies in U2OS cells. While the current approach is biased toward metabolic SHs and constrained by gel resolution, it provides a scalable workflow to facilitate the discovery of selective hits and mechanism-of-action studies for underexplored proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":9957,"journal":{"name":"Chimia","volume":"80 3","pages":"145-149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147572713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Expanding The Scope of AKT Modulation Through Targeted Protein Degradation. 通过靶向蛋白降解扩大AKT调控范围。
IF 1.4 4区 化学
Chimia Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.2533/chimia.2026.157
Marco Serafini, Rui Moreira
{"title":"Expanding The Scope of AKT Modulation Through Targeted Protein Degradation.","authors":"Marco Serafini, Rui Moreira","doi":"10.2533/chimia.2026.157","DOIUrl":"10.2533/chimia.2026.157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>AKT is a critical mediator of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signalling cascade, playing a key role in regulating essential cellular processes. The identification of AKT as one of the most dysregulated pathways in cancer led to the development of multiple classes of inhibitors. Despite numerous inhibitors entering clinical investigation and leading to the FDA approval of Capivasertib, an ATP-competitive AKT inhibitor, in November 2023, AKT modulation through inhibition was characterised by toxicity and poor clinical efficacy. Targeted Protein Degradation (TPD) spearheaded by PROTACs boasted a paradigmatic shift in drug discovery and was demonstrated to be a valid therapeutic alternative to modulate AKT. To date, numerous AKT-targeting PROTACs have been disclosed. The majority of them outperformed the inhibitors in suppressing AKT activity, nurturing higher potency and improved selectivity. Notably, enhanced antiproliferative effects, sustained by more robust and prolonged inactivation of the AKT downstream signalling was observed. This review highlights AKT as a central therapeutic target in oncology and focuses on AKT modulation through a targeted protein degradation approach mainly using PROTACs. The review aims at illustrating all the AKT-targeting PROTACs disclosed in literature to date, a powerful new pharmacological tool that might remarkably expand the scope of AKT-targeted therapies and further elucidate the role of AKT in both normal and cancer-related phenotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9957,"journal":{"name":"Chimia","volume":"80 3","pages":"157-164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147572738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unlocking the Multifaceted Role of CB1R in the Endocannabinoid System with Labeled Chemical Probes. 用标记化学探针解锁CB1R在内源性大麻素系统中的多方面作用。
IF 1.4 4区 化学
Chimia Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.2533/chimia.2026.165
Leonard Mach, Marc Nazare
{"title":"Unlocking the Multifaceted Role of CB<sub>1</sub>R in the Endocannabinoid System with Labeled Chemical Probes.","authors":"Leonard Mach, Marc Nazare","doi":"10.2533/chimia.2026.165","DOIUrl":"10.2533/chimia.2026.165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The endocannabinoid system is a key homeostatic regulator that influences multiple physiological processes across nervous, immune, and metabolic systems in humans. Despite decades of pharmaceutical research, only a few clinically relevant outcomes have been achieved. This limited success is partly attributed to the exceptional complexity and signaling promiscuity of endogenous cannabinoids acting through the cannabinoid receptor types 1 and 2. Here, we review the development, application, and potential of labeled small molecules as tool compounds, with a specific focus on cannabinoid receptor type 1 research, the most abundant G-proteincoupled receptor in the mammalian brain. Technical and scientific advancements in spectroscopy have enabled the application of radionuclide and fluorescent probes with improved spatial and temporal resolution. In parallel, interdisciplinary collaboration, cross-validation, and rigorous pharmacological characterization established highquality standards for the development of labeled probes. Together, these developments open up new avenues for probe-based investigations of cannabinoid receptor type 1 biology and molecular pharmacology.</p>","PeriodicalId":9957,"journal":{"name":"Chimia","volume":"80 3","pages":"165-175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147572714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recent Advances in Small-Molecule Modulators Targeting IRE1α. 靶向IRE1α的小分子调节剂研究进展
IF 1.4 4区 化学
Chimia Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.2533/chimia.2026.150
Yang Liu, Peng Wu
{"title":"Recent Advances in Small-Molecule Modulators Targeting IRE1α.","authors":"Yang Liu, Peng Wu","doi":"10.2533/chimia.2026.150","DOIUrl":"10.2533/chimia.2026.150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IRE1α is an important ER stress sensor located on the ER membrane with dual kinase and ribonuclease activity. It plays a crucial role in restoring ER proteostasis and is associated with various human diseases. Targeting IRE1α has become a promising therapeutic approach. Many IRE1α modulators have been identified in recent years, and some of these have demonstrated excellent pre-clinical efficacy. The modulation of IRE1α RNase activity by small molecules can be achieved through two main mechanisms: directly binding to the RNase domain to block RNA splicing, or allosteric modulation of its activity through binding to the kinase domain. Apart from monovalent inhibitors and activators, proteolysis targeting chimeras have been reported to degrade IRE1α and block its downstream signalling by recruiting the E3 ligase-ubiquitin system. In this review we summarize the recent advances of targeting IRE1α with small molecules, including inhibitors, activators, and bifunctional molecules, providing an insight into future development of chemical modalities targeting IRE1α.</p>","PeriodicalId":9957,"journal":{"name":"Chimia","volume":"80 3","pages":"150-156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147572762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Adding to the Genetic Script: Extra Letters for New Functions. 添加到遗传脚本：新功能的额外字母。
IF 1.4 4区 化学
Chimia Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.2533/chimia.2026.108
Matea Rabar, Andre Zenz, Stephanie Kath-Schorr
{"title":"Adding to the Genetic Script: Extra Letters for New Functions.","authors":"Matea Rabar, Andre Zenz, Stephanie Kath-Schorr","doi":"10.2533/chimia.2026.108","DOIUrl":"10.2533/chimia.2026.108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oligonucleotides, both RNA and DNA, are fundamental to life despite being composed of a limited set of simple molecular building blocks. Chemists have long strived to add additional components, especially orthogonal, unnatural base pairs (UBPs). These increase the informational content of nucleic acids and provide site-specific anchors for labelling, enabling applications in aptamer enhancement, RNA structure elucidation, pathway tracing, sequencing, and the construction of semi-synthetic organisms. For this, suitable enzymes and techniques are required to incorporate and later analyse expanded alphabet genetic material. In this review we aim to outline some challenges, achievements, and possibilities that this field encompasses.</p>","PeriodicalId":9957,"journal":{"name":"Chimia","volume":"80 3","pages":"108-119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147572672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards Covalent Fluorescent Light-Up Aptamers (coFLAPs). 共价荧光发光适体（coFLAPs）
IF 1.4 4区 化学
Chimia Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.2533/chimia.2026.125
Martin Bitsche, Malou Hanisch, Alexandra Lusser, Ronald Micura
{"title":"Towards Covalent Fluorescent Light-Up Aptamers (coFLAPs).","authors":"Martin Bitsche, Malou Hanisch, Alexandra Lusser, Ronald Micura","doi":"10.2533/chimia.2026.125","DOIUrl":"10.2533/chimia.2026.125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The fluorogen-activating aptamer, Spinach, was a milestone in cellular RNA imaging and conceptually similar to the green fluorescent protein (GFP). Since then, more than ten FLAP systems have been developed across a broad spectral range. All of these systems differ fundamentally from GFP in that FLAPs rely on noncovalent fluorogen-RNA interactions, whereas GFP integrates its fluorophore covalently. In this article, we discuss recently developed FLAPs, including the first covalent FLAP, coPepper, as a promising new strategy to overcome current limitations in FLAP-based RNA imaging. Moreover, the bioconjugation chemistry developed for coFLAPs has immediate impact on covalent RNA labeling, RNA drug targeting, and in general, on covalent drug design.</p>","PeriodicalId":9957,"journal":{"name":"Chimia","volume":"80 3","pages":"125-129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147572688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Expanding Biological Roles of Post-translational Arginylation. 扩展翻译后精氨酸化的生物学作用。
IF 1.4 4区 化学
Chimia Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.2533/chimia.2026.130
Dominic Scopelliti, Changfeng Deng, Benjamin A Garcia, Zongtao Lin
{"title":"Expanding Biological Roles of Post-translational Arginylation.","authors":"Dominic Scopelliti, Changfeng Deng, Benjamin A Garcia, Zongtao Lin","doi":"10.2533/chimia.2026.130","DOIUrl":"10.2533/chimia.2026.130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Protein arginylation is a conserved post-translational modification in eukaryotes, involving the conjugation of arginine residues to proteins by the enzyme arginyl-tRNA transferase. Historically associated with targeted degradation, recent studies have expanded this view by uncovering its broader regulatory influence across diverse cellular functions. This review first examines the established roles of arginylation in protein degradation through the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and Autophagy-Lysosome System. It then highlights its non-degradative functions, including the modulation of protein-protein interactions, complex assembly, protein stability, and crosstalk with other post-translational modifications. Emerging evidence supports the notion that arginylation functions in a context dependent manner, simultaneously affecting both the stability and functional behaviour of proteins. Together, these works reveal arginylation as a dynamic and versatile mechanism that extends well beyond proteolysis, positioning it as a key global regulator of cellular functioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":9957,"journal":{"name":"Chimia","volume":"80 3","pages":"130-137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13560830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147572728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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