Zhi-Hao Li , Zi-Qi Wang , Yan-Bin Li , Bao-Chang Sun , Guang-Wen Chu , Jian-Feng Chen
{"title":"Photocatalytic degradation performance in a spinning disk reactor towards mixed dye contaminants","authors":"Zhi-Hao Li , Zi-Qi Wang , Yan-Bin Li , Bao-Chang Sun , Guang-Wen Chu , Jian-Feng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photodegradation technology has emerged as an efficient methodology for wastewater treatment. In this study, the photochemical application performance of the innovative spinning disk reactor (SDR) with elliptical cylinder spoilers was investigated via the TiO<sub>2</sub>-assisted photodegradation of synthetic dyeing wastewater containing a binary mixture of typical azo dyes (Methylene Blue and Rhodamine B). The SDR generates a highly sheared film when liquid enters from the center of the disk. The photodegradation results proved that SDR with spoilers had higher photodegradation efficiency than that of the SDR with a flat disk. The overall removal efficiency could reach 80% in 25 minutes at optimal operating conditions. The overall removal efficiency and electrical energy per order of mixed dye wastewater for SDR with spoilers was 11.3% higher and 15.1% lower averagely than those of the conventional SDR with a flat disk, respectively. Compared with other photoreactors, the electrical energy per order was reduced for the SDR with spoilers. Furthermore, based on our reported SDR model for photodegradation reactions, the overall removal efficiency of dyeing wastewater could be reasonably predicted with deviations of ±20%. The photodegradation of mixed dye contaminants demonstrated the applicability of SDR with spoilers to real textile wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 110606"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145413180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maoqi Lu , Tao Zhang , Xianqi Zhu , Rongtang Liu , Yong He , Kaidi Wan , Xinlu Han
{"title":"Numerical evaluation of operating conditions in an array micromix combustor: Effects of hydrogen enrichment and inlet bulk velocity on flame stability","authors":"Maoqi Lu , Tao Zhang , Xianqi Zhu , Rongtang Liu , Yong He , Kaidi Wan , Xinlu Han","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The advancement of array micromix combustion technology supports hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>)-enriched fuel utilization, essential for reducing fossil fuel consumption and achieving carbon neutrality. However, comprehensive guidelines for safe operation across a wide range of parameters still need to be established. In this paper, numerical calculations are conducted to reveal the effects of H<sub>2</sub> enrichment and inlet velocity on flame behavior and combustion stability in an array micromix combustor. The results demonstrate that the combustor provides flexible combustion performance even under near-stoichiometric conditions, efficiently utilizing a wide range of fuels, including pure methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) and pure H<sub>2</sub>. Moreover, adjusting the equivalence ratio allows for low-emission performance. Blow-out of the H<sub>2</sub>-enriched array flame starts at the outermost nozzle, and this behavior occurs under all inlet velocity conditions from 20 to 120 m/s. Based on this foundation, stability maps are constructed to illustrate the interdependence between the H<sub>2</sub> blending ratio and equivalence ratio, as well as the relationship between inlet velocity and equivalence ratio. The results indicate that higher H<sub>2</sub> enrichment expands the blow-out limit range. Two inflection points emerge in the blow-out limit curve during the transition from CH<sub>4</sub> to H<sub>2</sub>. Additionally, increasing inlet velocity shifts the blow-out limit to higher equivalence ratios. However, this trend weakens as H<sub>2</sub> enrichment exceeds 80 %. A dimensionless Peclet model incorporating Reynolds number correction is proposed to predict flame blow-out limit curves, which offers assistance in design optimization for H<sub>2</sub>-enriched fuel operating conditions to ensure the stability of array micromix combustors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 110608"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145463196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blake N. Trusty , Shailesh Dangwal , Zachary Coin, Subhamay Pramanik, Ramesh Bhave, Syed Z. Islam
{"title":"2,3-Butanediol recovery from fermentation broth using membrane pertraction","authors":"Blake N. Trusty , Shailesh Dangwal , Zachary Coin, Subhamay Pramanik, Ramesh Bhave, Syed Z. Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>2,3-Butanediol (BDO) has gained immense interest for use as a platform chemical in the production of many important chemicals such as synthetic rubber, plasticizer, and octane boosters. Using BDO as a precursor for sustainable aviation fuel production may significantly reduce the carbon footprint of the airline industry. However, recovery of BDO is challenging due to its relatively low concentration (∼10 wt %) in fermentation broth and its high affinity for water. In this work, we developed a membrane pertraction process for BDO recovery from biomass derived fermentation broth. Different organic solvents such as hexanol and oleyl alcohol were investigated. With traditional solvent extraction, hexanol required a solvent to feed ratio of 10 to recover >90 % BDO, and oleyl alcohol could recover 35 % of BDO at the same ratio. BDO recovery of >90 % was demonstrated with pertraction; a BDO extraction rate of 15 <em>g</em><sup>1</sup>m<sup>−2</sup>h<sup>−1</sup> was achieved using hexanol, and an extraction rate of 10 <em>g</em><sup>1</sup>m<sup>−2</sup>h<sup>−1</sup> was achieved using oleyl alcohol. Impurities commonly found in fermentation broth did not affect the separation performance of the pertraction process. This work demonstrates pertraction as a low-footprint, scalable method for recovery of high-purity BDO from fermentation broth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 110579"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huan Sun , Ling-zhen Kong , Jia-qing Chen , Yang Yang , Tong Xie , Qi Li , Chang-he Li
{"title":"Research on the performance of gas-liquid atomizing mixer in tubular flow channel with variable cross-section","authors":"Huan Sun , Ling-zhen Kong , Jia-qing Chen , Yang Yang , Tong Xie , Qi Li , Chang-he Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The tubular gas-liquid atomizing mixer is a compact and high-efficiency gas-liquid contact device. It generates high-speed gas flow through a variable cross-section channel, atomizes liquid absorbent into micro-nano droplets to enhance gas-liquid mass transfer, and its performance directly determines the achievement of design objectives. This study proposes a tubular gas-liquid atomizing mixer with a \"rhombic cone + boss\" structure. Combining CFD simulation and experimental tests, it investigates the effects of gas Weber number (<em>We<sub>g</sub></em>) and liquid-gas momentum flux ratio (<em>q</em>) on gas-liquid atomization and mixing characteristics. The results show that the variable cross-section channel can increase gas flow velocity and induce intense turbulence inside the tube, promoting the mixing of gas-microdroplet two phases. <em>We<sub>g</sub></em> has a significant impact on droplet size and volume concentration: when <em>Weg</em> increases from 212.46 to 524.64, the droplet size decreases by 46.1 % and the volume concentration increases by 170 %. <em>q</em> affects mixing performance by changing the penetration depth of the liquid jet, with the optimal performance achieved when <em>q</em>=28.79, but its influence on droplet characteristics is weaker than that of <em>Weg</em>. The structural layout of combining variable cross-section flow channel with central bluff body can provide a solution for high-efficiency tubular gas-liquid atomizing mixers, facilitating industrial applications such as natural gas water dew point control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 110576"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liu Qianchi , Sheng Tao , Yang Chunxue , Sun Caiyu , Huang Linlin , Li Lixin
{"title":"Sodium persulfate enhances straw pretreatment and reduces NaOH dosage for biohydrogen production","authors":"Liu Qianchi , Sheng Tao , Yang Chunxue , Sun Caiyu , Huang Linlin , Li Lixin","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the most abundant resources on Earth. It represents a promising feedstock for biohydrogen production. However, the complex and rigid structure of lignocellulose poses a significant challenge, as it limits the accessibility of cellulose to microbial degradation. Consequently, pretreatment is a crucial step in breaking down this structure and enhancing the digestibility of holocellulose. In this study, sodium persulfate (SPS) was applied to enhance the NaOH pretreatment of rice straw for cellulosic biohydrogen production. The results indicated that SPS has not only decreased the dosage of NaOH for the rice straw pretreatment but also disrupted the structure of rice straw by removing lignin and weakening the hydrogen bonds between cellulose and hemicellulose. The maximum hydrogen yield obtained from the SPS-NaOH (NCN) pretreatment was 91.05 mL/g, which was 3.47 and 1.80 times higher than that achieved by using SPS and NaOH alone, respectively. Furthermore, this combined pretreatment effectively degraded lignin and shifted the metabolic pathway towards the more efficient butyric acid-type fermentation. In conclusion, the NCN combination proved to be a highly effective strategy for enhancing biohydrogen production from rice straw.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 110641"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluating the experimental CO2 stripping performance of a new generation multicapillary Taylor flow reactor","authors":"Laura Vargas-Estrada , Sergio Bordel , Raquel Lebrero , Raúl Muñoz","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Among all physicochemical technologies commercially available to upgrade biogas to biomethane, chemical scrubbing with carbonated solutions stand as an easy-to-scale technology. However, the regeneration of the solvent via air-assisted CO<sub>2</sub> stripping is highly energy-intensive, representing >80 % of the total process costs. This study proposes the use of innovative Taylor flow reactors to enhance the liquid-gas mass transfer of CO<sub>2</sub> and therefore lower the cost of regeneration of carbonated solutions. In this study, a 200-glass capillary Taylor flow reactor supporting unprecedented mass transfer coefficients (k<sub>L</sub>a) was tested for the first time for CO<sub>2</sub> stripping from carbonated solutions. The Taylor flow reactor achieved k<sub>L</sub>a coefficients higher than 100 h<sup>-1</sup> at an inorganic concentration (IC) of 1000 mgC L<sup>-1</sup>, and k<sub>L</sub>a > 400 h<sup>-1</sup> at an optimal gas superficial velocity of 0.30 m s<sup>-1</sup>. Moreover, increasing IC concentrations to 2000 and 3000 mgC L<sup>-1</sup> resulted in a k<sub>L</sub>a increase of 250 % and 65 %, respectively, whilst no significant increase was recorded at an initial IC concentration of 4000 mgC L<sup>-1</sup>. Indeed, multicapillary Taylor flow reactors demonstrated a superior and competitive performance during CO<sub>2</sub> stripping from carbonated solutions, representing a promising technology for solvent regeneration during biogas upgrading at industrial scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 110601"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145413214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuaifeng Zhang , Weiming Zhai , Le Zhang , Mingfeng Li , Qinghua Zhang , Feng Liu , Chao Yang
{"title":"Mathematical model and numerical simulation of pre-sulfurization of hydrogenation catalyst in rotary kilns","authors":"Shuaifeng Zhang , Weiming Zhai , Le Zhang , Mingfeng Li , Qinghua Zhang , Feng Liu , Chao Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110592","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pre-sulfurization of hydrogenation catalyst is a crucial step in the process of petroleum refining. However, the traditional rotary kiln has challenges such as large temperature gradient and uneven sulfurization, which will reduce catalyst performance. In this work, a novel structural design of rotary kiln equipped with flights and splitter plates on the wall of a rotatory drum is proposed to enhance the mass and heat transfer. And a comprehensive mathematical model is established to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution mechanisms of the gas-solid flow characteristics, temperature distribution, reaction rate, component concentration distribution and pre-sulfurization process of hydrogenation catalyst in the rotary kiln with and without splitter plates. The results show that the rotary kiln equipped with splitter plates and flights reduces particle velocity and material layer height compared with the rotary kiln without splitter plates, which is beneficial to reducing the catalyst breakage. Moreover, the radial and axial distribution of component concentration distribution in the rotary kiln with splitter plates and flights is more uniform, which is conducive to uniform pre-sulfurization of the catalyst. This research is beneficial to better design of the rotary kiln and the control of pre-sulfurization of hydrogenation catalyst.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 110592"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145359790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of an intensified carbon capture process for onboard application","authors":"Seyedmohsen Hosseini, Renzo Di Felice","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates an intensified carbon capture process designed to overcome the spatial constraints of shipboard applications. The objective is to minimize equipment size while maintaining performance, making carbon capture more practical for maritime use. A rotating packed bed (RPB) was evaluated as an alternative to conventional packed columns, using a 17 MW cargo ship as a case study. The RPB-based system was compared with a previously developed conventional design in terms of equipment dimensions and energy demand.</div><div>Process models were developed for the absorber and stripper units. The results showed that RPBs can significantly reduce the size of absorption columns while achieving comparable CO<sub>2</sub> removal efficiency. Although absorbent regeneration was not significant, the enhanced heat transfer characteristics of the RPB suggested potential reductions in reboiler duty. A full RPB-based absorption–desorption cycle was also simulated, and the influence of key parameters on process performance was assessed. The results indicate that while the RPB can achieve a size reduction of more than threefold compared to a conventional packed column, this advantage entails approximately 25 % higher energy consumption, equivalent to 4.97 GJ per ton of captured CO<sub>2</sub>. The considerable size of a single RPB absorber also raises concerns regarding the mechanical feasibility of operating such a large rotor. Nevertheless, multi-stage configurations present a promising pathway for practical implementation. For example, a three-stage RPB can reduce the absorber’s outer diameter from 5.3 m to 3.1 m, with only a slight increase in energy demand to 5.19 GJ per ton of CO<sub>2</sub>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 110610"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145463248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alfonso Morales-Huerta , Angelica Roman-Guerrero , J. Alberto Ochoa-Tapia , E. Jaime Vernon-Carter , Jose Alvarez-Ramirez
{"title":"A multicriteria decision making approach for wheat starch isolation intensification","authors":"Alfonso Morales-Huerta , Angelica Roman-Guerrero , J. Alberto Ochoa-Tapia , E. Jaime Vernon-Carter , Jose Alvarez-Ramirez","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Starch isolation processes from cereals involve the use of enzymes to improve yield by removing lipids, proteins and undesired polysaccharides. Experimental evidence shows that this strategy is successful, leading to yield increases of 15–30 % compared to traditional techniques using chemicals promoters. Although the use of enzymes can be labeled as green and sustainable, it may entail relatively low isolation yield. An approach is to use ultrasound to further increase isolation yield. Within the framework of process intensification, enzymes and ultrasound can be combined within a sole process to increase isolation yield and reduce the usage of disposable chemical substances. However, process intensification is not obtained without cost as it may entail some deterioration of desirable starch characteristics. Hence, the selection of optimal isolation conditions for starch isolation faces multiple conflicting objectives. This work addressed this problem by developing experiments to establish the effect of enzyme and ultrasound aimed at establishing the best isolation conditions considering not only yield but also color and in vitro digestibility criteria. The decision analysis used the popular TOPSIS approach in combination with Monte Carlo simulations to include experimental uncertainty. The analysis showed that the weighting given to decision criteria groups allows for the analysis of various manufacturing scenarios where nutritional aspects are weighted above other criteria. Experimental data uncertainty plays a significant role, as measurement error can decisively affect the best operating condition choice. Results presented here promote the use of computational multicriteria decision-making tools for process optimization and intensification in food industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 110612"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145463193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adreano Gomes Spessato , Silvia Leticia Rivero Meza , Brenda Dannenberg Kaster , Jircelene Brombilla , Larissa Alves Rodrigues , Sonia Medina , Maurício de Oliveira
{"title":"Industrial micronization of defatted rice bran by-product: A sustainable approach for the development of a nutritious and safe ingredient","authors":"Adreano Gomes Spessato , Silvia Leticia Rivero Meza , Brenda Dannenberg Kaster , Jircelene Brombilla , Larissa Alves Rodrigues , Sonia Medina , Maurício de Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2025.110634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Whole rice bran, an underutilized agro-industrial by-product, is naturally rich in lipids, proteins, dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals. Despite its potential, rice bran, which represents 11 % of rice milling, is mainly used for animal feed or edible oil. During oil extraction, defatted rice bran is generated, accounting for 82 % of processing and causing environmental and economic challenges. Micronization has emerged as a promising process intensification strategy to add value to defatted rice bran by enhancing functional properties. This study evaluated the effects of large-scale micronization on physicochemical, nutritional, and microbiological properties. Micronization increased apparent density and reduced water activity and moisture. Dietary fiber increased by 28 %, protein by 17 %, and lutein by 39 %. Essential nutrients improved as follows: amino acids by 27 %, minerals by 7 %, and vitamin by 12 %. Multivariate analysis confirmed micronization as the main factor driving nutritional improvements and producing more homogeneous and stable profiles across three production years. Furthermore, the microbiological assessment confirmed compliance with official regulatory standards. Overall, the findings highlight micronization as a robust and scalable strategy for transforming defatted rice bran into a safe, functional, and value-added ingredient with high potential for innovative applications in the food industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 110634"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145568474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}