Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification最新文献

{"title":"Process intensification in metal recovery from solid waste: Challenges, opportunities and recent advances","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increasing production of electric and electronic devices corresponds to the significant increase of e-waste. These solid wastes contain a great amount of metals, thus representing a secondary source of precious elements, within a circular economy context. The recovery of metals from waste thus provides a great opportunity to decrease the energy consumption and the environmental impact associated with the typical processes for metal extraction. Along with the conventional recovery methods (i.e., pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy), some emerging technologies are being developed with a particular emphasis on the process intensification (PI). Greener leaching agents, lower temperatures and the combination of different approaches are the most reported methods to obtain a more sustainable metal recovery. In this perspective article, the recent advances in metal recovery technologies are critically reviewed, focusing the attention PI strategies adopted to improve the recovery efficiency and reduce the environmental impact of the whole process. Some tolls, such as the design of experiments (DoE), life cycle assessment (LCA), and machine learning are proposed to address the challenges and improve the dissemination of innovative solutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0255270124002757/pdfft?md5=eb595b18df4706a62f919d10744751d3&pid=1-s2.0-S0255270124002757-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141963969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Process intensification of multiphase flow and reaction system: Perspectives","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Multiphase flow and reaction system are commonly involved in process industries, including petrochemical industry, coal chemical industry, coal combustion, etc.. The interphase mass/heat transfer is usually the rate-controlled step for the overall process of multiphase flow and reaction system. Such rate-controlled step can be intensified through process intensification technologies. Therefore, process intensification is important for improving the process efficiency in process industries. However, the multiphase flow and reaction system is complex regarding the flow behaviors of gas, solid and liquid, the interphase mass transfer, the heat transfer and the coupled chemical reactions, which makes it extremely difficult to explore appropriate intensification method. In the past decades of the author's research, a comprehensive analytical method based on advanced experiments and numerical modeling was developed to understand the complex transport phenomena and chemical reaction for multiphase system. Such method was then used to guide the application of process intensification in gas-solid and gas-liquid system, which will then be separately concluded in this perspectives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141939832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-criteria optimization including environmental impacts of ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic antioxidants from blackcurrant pomace by-product","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ultrasound-assisted extraction of antioxidant compounds from blackcurrant pomace was studied. The obtained results showed that this pomace is rich enough in phenolic antioxidants and suggested a potential way to valorize this by-product. Ultrasound assistance greatly enhanced the extraction efficiency (yields more than twice higher than the obtained without ultrasound). Extraction process was optimized using a recently developed original multi-criteria optimization tool which was respectively adapted to the concrete case of this study. This hybrid model, based on kinetic equations, experimental design and Life Cycle Assessment, enabled to estimate simultaneously the antioxidant activity of the extracts, the extraction yields of anthocyanins and polyphenols, the energy consumption, and the environmental impacts of extraction process at each experimental condition. All of these criteria were expressed as functions of the studied operating parameters (extraction time, liquid/solid ratio, solvent composition, and ultrasound power). Maximal yields of polyphenols and maximal antioxidant activity were obtained at 120 min, while the maximal yield of anthocyanins was obtained at 28 min only. Simultaneous consideration of several criteria and detailed analysis using this model enables to find conditions to decrease considerably environmental impacts and energy consumption without a significant decrease of productivity criteria (extraction yields and antioxidant activity of extracts).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141998188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon dioxide absorption and desorption experiments based on MDEA","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The global climate change problem has brought much attention to CO₂ capture technology. N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), as an efficient and environmentally friendly absorbent, is widely used in CO₂ capture. However, it is difficult for a single MDEA to meet the demand for efficient absorption and desorption under certain conditions, so the addition of promoters to improve its performance has become a hot research topic. The aim of this study is to deeply investigate the effects of different accelerators on the absorption and desorption of CO₂ by MDEA. Experiments were conducted to measure the absorption capacity of the MDEA compound solution for CO₂ in a bubbling reactor at 30°C and to evaluate its desorption effect in a desorption system at 90°C. The experimental results showed that increasing the promoter concentration in the MDEA-based absorbent solution significantly enhanced the absorption capacity and circulation capacity. However, in terms of desorption efficiency, the added concentrations of MEA and DEA were negatively correlated with the desorption efficiency. Notably, the addition of 0.1 mol/L DEA significantly enhanced the desorption efficiency by 16% compared with MDEA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141979227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing demulsification of refinery oily sludge via ultrasonic treatment","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ultrasonic demulsification treatment is essential to dehydrate refinery sludge with complex composition, high water content, and demulsification difficulty. Herein, the influencing factors and the demulsification mechanism are studied in oily sludge treatment. The effects of initial temperature, ultrasonic amplitude, and time, as well as a diversity of additives on the ultrasonic dehydration rate of oily sludge demulsification, are investigated. The optimal demulsification conditions are confirmed (temperature: 20 °C, ultrasonic amplitude: 100 %, and ultrasonic time: 5 min), based on the effectiveness and economy of dehydration. The combined ultrasonication and pyrolysis of the solid residue of sludge shows a dehydration rate of 60.49 %, beneficial for the green transformation and utilization of subsequent demulsification products. Moreover, the mechanism of ultrasonic emulsification is proposed, as well. This work provides an important reference for the subsequent resource utilization of oily sludge in the industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141964225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ReaxFF molecular dynamics for pollution degradation and resourcization in the supercritical water system","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>ReaxFF method has both reasonable accuracy and competitive computational efficiency, which is conducive to simulating complex reaction processes. Considering that supercritical water technology is effective in pollution degradation and resourcization, we have introduced ReaxFF method to pollutants treatment with SCW technology to identify the reaction mechanism, which makes up for the difficulty in experimental measurement under complex supercritical conditions. Based on this, significant efforts have been made to identify the reaction mechanism and dynamic process in various wastewater degradation and coal gasification. Supercritical water, coupled with added oxidants and catalysts play a vital role in promoting pollutant degradation and fuel gas production. The challenges for the development of theoretical methods and the revelation of accurate mechanisms are proposed, aiming to provide scientific support for optimizing the reaction process and reactor design.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141939836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and numerical investigation on flame pattern formations of non-premixed CH4 and air in a planar micro-combustor","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Non-premixed CH₄/air flames in a rectangular micro-combustor of 2.0 mm (width) × 10 mm (height) × 31 mm (length) were experimentally investigated. The results demonstrated that flame cannot occur within the micro-combustor if nominal equivalence ratio <em>ϕ</em> ≤ 1.0 for any average velocity (<em>V</em>). Five flame patterns appeared and were termed as “single internal C-shaped flame”, “dual internal C-shaped flames”, “single ε-shaped flame”, “dual internal and external flames” and “single external flame”. Cold-state numerical simulations unraveled that fuel stratification occurred in the height direction due to the buoyancy effect, which is especially pronounced at <em>ϕ</em> = 1.3–1.5. Consequently, “dual internal C-shaped flames” is formed, consisting of an upper flame cell and a lower flame cell. At <em>ϕ</em> = 1.1–1.3, fuel stratification phenomenon grew weakened, which led to “single ε-shaped flame” at <em>ϕ</em> = 1.2–1.3 and “single internal C-shaped flame” at <em>ϕ</em> = 1.1–1.2. At sufficient high average velocities, one or both flame cells will be pushed out of the combustor. In conclusion, the present work verified the possibilities of formation of stable flames inside the micro-combustor with a width less than the quenching distance of stoichiometric mixture. Moreover, this study revealed the important role of buoyancy effect in flame pattern formations within micro-combustors with a large enough channel height.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141978117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced production of Pirfenidone through a microfluidic system: A novel and thorough chemical kinetics investigation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Batch and continuous systems were fabricated to synthesize Pirfenidone (PFD). Effects of parameters on reaction yield including; microreactors, micromixer, solvents, temperature, reaction time, and catalysts were understudied. Moreover, FTIR, NMR and HPLC analyses used to evaluate the prepared PFD. Its yield in microfluidic (30.5 %) was higher than that of batch (17.1 %) reactor. Besides, reaction yield in the presence of DMSO was higher than DMF in both reactors. It was shown that, adding a micromixer enhanced reaction time. leading to a higher PFD yield. Nonetheless, the yield was reduced by enhancing the temperature when DMF was utilized. Additionally, the traditional synthesis method of PFD in a batch system, which reached a yield of 53.7 % after 19 h, now reached 30.5 % in a microreactor under similar conditions within 40 min. Utilizing the Design Expert Software, the results revealed a maximum overall reaction yield of 31 % achieved at reactant ratio of K₂CO₃ to 2‑hydroxy-5-methylpyridine of 7, Temperature of 160 °C and reaction time of 60 min completely matching the experimental results. Ultimately, kinetics of PFD was understudied incorporating a Molecular Dynamic Software where a new 3-steps mechanism was proposed. Moreover, a power law model revealed an empirical reaction order of 1.45.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141964226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining of the thermo-hydraulic characteristics and exergy analysis of a triple helical tube with inner twisted tube","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An innovative technique to enhance heat transfer as a passive method was investigated. The combination of the twisted tube and helical coil to increase the swirl intensity is presented. The current investigation showed experimentally and numerically the exergy and thermal performance analysis of a new design of a triple tube design called a triple helical tube with inner twisted tube, <em>THTITT.</em> The new design is a modified design of a double helical tube with inner twisted tube, <em>DHTITT</em> which is created by twisting the inner tube. Besides the benefits of adding the third fluid to <em>DHTITT</em> that achieve extra contact surface area per unit length between the intermediate tube and the new passage in the outer tube. In which expected to enhance the temperature gradient between the three fluids and consequently, the thermal characteristics augment occurred. The twisted tube increased the intensity of the swirl flow and more intense disturbance of the fluid in the tube occurred. A 3d <em>CFD</em> model was established to get more insight at a level of detail not always available in the experiment. The effects of twisted pitch ratio, <em>ξ</em> hydraulic diameter, <em>ω</em>, helical coil torsion, <em>α</em>, helical coil inclination angle, <em>φ</em>, as well as Dean number, <em>N_{Dn, h}</em> were explored. Four groups of test specimens include various <em>ξ</em> of 5.32, 7.97, and ∞, various <em>ω</em> of 3.8, 6.8, and 9.9 mm, various α of 0.068, 0.095, and 0.121, and various <em>φ</em> of 0°, 45°, and 90° were established, manufactured and examined in this investigation. The investigation covered Reynolds number, <em>N_Re,h</em>, for a range of 2450:29300 corresponding to Dean number, <em>N_{Dn, h}</em>, for a range of 570:4800. The results showed a higher Nusselt number, <em>N_{Nu, h}</em>, of <em>THTITT</em> compared to <em>DHTITT</em> by 61.8 %%, while the increase in <em>f_h</em> is approximately negligible. Also, by decreasing <em>ξ</em> from ∞ to 5.32 increases <em>N_{Nu, h}</em> by 33.4 %, with an increase in friction factor, <em>f_h</em> by 57.6 %. Furthermore, with a decreasing <em>ω</em> from 9.9 mm to 3.8 mm, a significant increase in <em>N_{Nu, h}</em> occurs by 20.6 %, at the expense of increasing <em>f_h</em> by 36.4 %. In addition, with decreasing <em>α</em> from 0.121 to 0.068, a significant increase in <em>N_{Nu, h}</em> occurs by 27.6 %, at the expense of increasing <em>f_h</em> by 17.1 %. Finally, the <em>THTITT</em> decreases the heat loss (exergy destruction) between the hot and cold fluids. New correlations to predict <em>N_Nu,h,</em> and <em>f_h</em> are presented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141985430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greening the production of polymeric submicron particles by membrane-based manufacturing processes: A comparative analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cep.2024.109927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The production of polymeric particles is the subject of extensive research in various fields and the interest in this area extends to the development of new sustainable production processes. The use of membrane technology has enabled the redesign of many traditional production processes with enormous impact in terms of product quality, reduction of energy consumption, high efficiency, productivity and reproducibility. In the present work, two alternative methodologies for the production of polycaprolactone (PCL) particles based on the use of membrane processes were investigated: i) membrane emulsification (ME) combined with solvent diffusion and ii) membrane nanoprecipitation (MN). ME/solvent diffusion is a widely applied technique for the production of microparticles, but its use for nanosized particles is still limited. On the other hand, MN is currently being investigated for its potentiality in the production of nanoparticles.</p><p>In the present work, the performance of the two processes is compared in terms of: i) product quality (highly monodisperse particles in the nanometers range of size, ii) maximum productivity (expressed as mass of particles produced over time) under mild operating conditions (reduced mechanical stress), iii) environmental impact (assessed on the basis of the metrics established by the Green Aspiration Level (GAL)).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9929,"journal":{"name":"Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141962860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}