Chemistry & Biodiversity最新文献

{"title":"In Silico and Experimental Evaluation of Myricetin in Insulin Resistance-Associated PCOS in Rats.","authors":"Priya Aswal, Nitish Singh Jangwan, Swati Dobhal, Shradha Bisht, Mamta F Singh","doi":"10.1002/cbdv.202502165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202502165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrinal disease characterized by hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, cardiometabolic dysfunction, and hormonal disturbances, often leading to infertility. IR, a hallmark feature of PCOS, is observed in 30%-95% of women with PCOS. Current therapies are associated with potential side effects, necessitating exploration of alternative strategies. The present study aimed to identify and evaluate natural phytoconstituents targeting insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), a critical mediator in insulin signaling. In silico molecular docking of 22 phytoconstituents against IRS-1 revealed myricetin (MYR) has a binding energy of -9.3 kcal/mol, and favorable ADMET characteristics. MYR also showed significant binding affinity against PI3K and NF-κB (-8.6 and -7.0 kcal/mol, respectively), indicating its potential to improve insulin sensitivity. Subsequently, the therapeutic efficacy of MYR was assessed in a high-fat diet and letrozole induced PCOS in rats. MYR treatment at varying doses significantly (p < 0.001) reversed PCOS associated with metabolic and reproductive abnormalities. MYR (300 mg/kg) demonstrated substantial improvements in body weight, BMI, estrous cycle, restored hormonal balance, and improved IR. MYR significantly improved β-cell functions, serum lipid profile, oxidative stress, and histology in ovarian tissues. The findings of the study underscore the potential of MYR as safe and effective candidate for PCOS management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9878,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":"e02165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Next Generation of Integrated Eco-Friendly Anti-Biofouling and Anti-Biocorrosion Marine Natural Products.","authors":"Jihan Azmi Miftah, Novriyandi Hanif, Lik Tong Tan, Sri Muljani, Nisa Rachmania Mubarik","doi":"10.1002/cbdv.202502263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202502263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Marine organisms are known to biosynthesize complex anti-biofouling secondary metabolites offering a direct source of inspiration for scalable eco-friendly anti-biofouling and anti-biocorrosion agents for maritime industry-related applications. Biofouling and biocorrosion are interconnected issues that cannot be effectively addressed using traditional single-function antifouling or anticorrosion materials. To address these issues, a new approach is needed to search for dual eco-friendly anti-biofouling and anti-biocorrosion marine natural products. Such approach focuses on identifying molecules that aim to meet three key criteria: (1) environmentally friendly and biodegradable molecules with minimal toxicity, (2) biosurfactant properties to prevent microbial adhesion, and (3) disruption of bacterial biofilm formation by interfering with bacterial quorum-sensing (QS) systems, thereby reducing the risk of resistance development. This review explores the challenges and mechanisms driving biofouling and biocorrosion, and evaluates eco-friendly strategies, particularly those based on marine natural products, for antifouling and anticorrosion applications. It also highlights emerging sustainable solutions by outlining the rigorous criteria needed to guide the discovery of the next generation of environmentally friendly antifouling and anticorrosion agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":9878,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":"e02263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Characterization, Protective Effect on Diabetic Nephropathy of a Novel Polysaccharide From Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. Pericarp.","authors":"Kunpeng Zhang, Qiaoying Song, Hankui Wu","doi":"10.1002/cbdv.202403380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202403380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this research, crude polysaccharide (Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. Pericarp polysaccharide [TMPP]) was extracted from T. kirilowii Maxim. pericarp by water extraction and alcohol precipitation, and the homogeneous polysaccharide (TMPP-1) was purified by Sephadex G-100 column. Subsequently, the structure of TMPP-1 was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). After that, the effect and mechanism of TMPP-1 on kidney function injury in diabetic nephropathy (DN) mice were investigated. TMPP-1 structure analysis results showed that the TMPP-1 with molecular weight (MW) 4.52 kDa was composed of Man, Glc, and Gal with a molar ratio of 2.06:3.02:1.00. The methylation results showed that TMPP-1 was mainly composed of T-d-Glcp(1→, →4)-d-Glcp(1→, →4)-d-Galp(1→, →3)-α-d-Manp-(1→ and →3,6)-d-Glcp(1→ in a ratio of 0.62:2.0:1.0:2.06:0.2. The results of animal experiments showed that TMPP-1 could alleviate hyperglycemia symptoms and improve lipid levels, oxidative stress, and immune response in DN mice. These results revealed that TMPP had the potential to improve the clinical symptoms of DN. This study provided a theoretical basis for the utilization of the by-products of T. kirilowii Maxim.</p>","PeriodicalId":9878,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":"e03380"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering the Mechanism of Phoebe zhennan Essential Oil Against Prostate Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and In Vitro Validation.","authors":"Xu Wang, Mei Luo, Taiju Wang, Qin Liang, Yi Zhang, Yulong Qian, Dan Zhao, Mingfei Yang","doi":"10.1002/cbdv.202500952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202500952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phoebe zhennan S.K.Lee & F.N.Wei, a rare endemic Chinese species of medicinal value, was investigated for the anti-prostate cancer (anti-PCa) mechanisms of its fruit-derived essential oil (PZEO). This integrated study employed in vitro assays, network pharmacology, and molecular docking. Cell biology studies revealed the significant inhibitory effects of PZEO on LNCaP and PC3 tumor cells within 48 h, achieving inhibition rates of 95.1% and 91.06%, respectively. PZEO induced apoptosis in LNCaP cells at rates of 32.23% and 35.04% (0.15 and 0.2 µL/mL). In addition, it suppressed cell migration in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Network pharmacology results revealed 465 targets of active ingredients, including 29 core targets implicated in its anti-PCa efficacy. This study provides reliable data support and novel insights for developing P. zhennan fruit resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":9878,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":"e00952"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the Metabolites and Antibacterial Activities of the Endophytic Fungus Talaromyces primulinus WZ-883 From Pseudostellaria heterophylla.","authors":"Bing-Yun Lu, Yuan-Xiang Gong, Yang Tao, Liang Feng, Jing Ni, Zhe Wang","doi":"10.1002/cbdv.202502585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202502585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Investigation of the secondary metabolites from the endophytic fungus Talaromyces primulinus WZ-883, derived from the leaf of fresh Pseudostellaria heterophylla, led to the isolation of one new meroterpenoid, talapenoid A (1), and one new isocoumarin, talaromarin A (5), along with eight known compounds chrodrimanin B (2), chrodrimanin E (3), carnemycin B (4), aspergillumarin A (6), aspergillumarin B (7), 4-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-3,4-dihydrochromene-6-carboxylic acid (8), penicichrysogene B (9), and 1-naphthalenecarboxylic acid (10). Their structures were primarily determined through extensive spectroscopic analyses. The configurations were assigned using ROESY spectra, ECD, and NMR calculations, as well as x-ray single crystal diffraction. Among them, compound 1 is an uncommon meroterpenoid featuring a 5/6/6/6-pentacyclic α-pyrone skeleton. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on pathogenic bacteria. Compounds 1-4 and 9 exhibited selective antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), S. aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Escherichia coli, but showed no significant activity against Shigella sonnei and Klebsiella pneumoniae.</p>","PeriodicalId":9878,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":"e02585"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Euphorbia guyoniana: Optimization, Metabolite Profile, and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Potential.","authors":"Halima Meriem Issaadi, Yacine Nait Bachir, Alaeddine Ben Naama, Imad Aiter, Kornél Szőri, Attila Hunyadi","doi":"10.1002/cbdv.202501804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202501804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to optimize microwave-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from the undervalued traditional plant Euphorbia guyoniana (Boiss. & Reut.) using the central composite design of response surface methodology. The independent variables were extraction time, ethanol concentration in the extractive solvent, microwave power, and feed-to-solvent ratio while the dependent variables were total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). Extract obtained by using the optimal extraction parameters was evaluated for its in vivo anti-inflammatory activity by the carrageenan-induced paw edema model and was subjected to RP-HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS analysis to investigate the presence of phenolic compounds. The optimal conditions for highest TPC (377.22 ± 5.42 mg GAE/g) and TFC (184.40 ± 1.18 mg QE/g) were obtained at an extraction time of 25 min, an ethanol concentration of 40.57%, a microwave power of 450 W and a feed-to-solvent ratio of 1:17.5. Optimal extract of E. guyoniana significantly higher inhibited carrageenan-induced inflammation with a concentration of 50 mg/kg (79.37%) when compared with the reference anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen (43.06%). Finally, above the previously reported phenolic constituents, that is, quercetin and kaempferol derivatives, hydroxycinnamates have been identified for the first time in E. guyoniana plant extract.</p>","PeriodicalId":9878,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":"e01804"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant Capacity, Acetylcholinesterase, and Butyrylcholinesterase Enzyme Inhibition Properties of Myosotis amoena Boiss.","authors":"İsmail Yapıcı, Esma Kayaoğlu, Ebubekir İzol, Mustafa Abdullah Yilmaz, Lütfi Behçet, Oğuz Cakır, İlhami Gülçin","doi":"10.1002/cbdv.202502157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202502157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myosotis amoena Boiss. (Turkish name: \"Hoş boncukotu\") is a perennial herbaceous plant that produces blue flowers during the spring. Phytochemicals, which are secondary metabolites distributed across plants, fungi, microorganisms, and even animal tissues, play crucial roles in health through their antioxidant and bioactive properties. Their antioxidant capacity largely arises from hydroxyl groups and aromatic ring structures that stabilize free radicals via electron delocalization. Enzyme inhibition is a therapeutic strategy in several diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), where acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors are employed to manage symptoms. This study investigated the phytochemical composition (via LC-MS/MS), total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and AChE/BChE inhibitory effects of the ethanol extract of M. amoena using four in vitro methods. The CUPRAC assay demonstrated that M. amoena (1.070) exhibited higher antioxidant activity than Trolox (0.894), although its activity in FRAP, ABTS, and Fe³⁺ reduction assays was lower compared to standard antioxidants. The extract contained 53.03 mg GAE/g extract of total phenolics, with rosmarinic acid being the predominant compound (15.27 mg/g). Furthermore, the extract strongly inhibited AChE and BChE, with IC₅₀ values of 3.9 and 19.8 µg/mL, respectively. These findings highlight, for the first time, the significant bioactive potential of M. amoena as a natural source of antioxidants and cholinesterase inhibitors, supporting its prospective use in the prevention or management of neurodegenerative conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9878,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":"e02157"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, Crystallographic Study, Hirshfeld Surface Analysis, Energy Frameworks, and DFT Calculation of Quinoline-4-Ester Derivatives as Antifungal Agent.","authors":"Ling-Jie Kong, Xin-Peng Sun, Wei Yu, Li-Jing Min, Xing-Hai Liu, Na-Bo Sun","doi":"10.1002/cbdv.202502065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202502065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inspired by natural quinoline, a series of novel quinoline-4-ester derivatives featuring a biphenyl motif were designed and synthesized via six steps. All the target compounds were characterized by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and HRMS. These compounds were evaluated for their fungicidal activity in vitro. The fungicidal activity results showed that all 13 compounds in this series had certain fungicidal activity against 10 types of fungus. Compounds 7a-7c possessed moderate fungicidal activity (31.3%) against Alternaria solani, whereas compound 7g exhibited moderate fungicidal activity (33.3%) against Physalospora piricola. Structure-activity relationships indicated ortho- or meta-methyl substituents will increase activity. Furthermore, the compound 7d was characterized by x-ray diffraction. Hirshfeld surface analysis identified that H···H (46.9%), H···C (11.7%), and H···X (7.3%) interactions are the dominant crystal packing force, whereas density functional theory (DFT) calculations provided the energy gap (ΔE = 4.15 eV), chemical softness (σ, 0.48) and chemical hardness (η, 2.07), and electrophilicity index (ω, 7.16) for further optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":9878,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":"e02065"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eperua oleifera Ducke (Fabaceae) Oilresin Chemical Composition and the Isolation of a Natural Diterpenic Acid Methyl Ester.","authors":"Rayssa Ribeiro, Henrique M G Pereira, Alvicler Magalhães, Fernando Hallwass, Monica C Padilha, Valdir F Veiga-Junior","doi":"10.1002/cbdv.202501730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202501730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eperua oleifera Ducke, commonly known as \"copaíba-jacaré,\" produces oilresins traditionally used in folk medicine for wound healing and as antifungal and antibacterial agents, similar to those of Copaifera species. However, its chemical composition remains poorly characterized. This study investigated the oilresin of E. oleifera collected in the Brazilian Amazon region. After derivatization, the sample was analyzed by GC-MS, with data compared to literature, mass spectral libraries, and standards previously isolated. In addition, neutral and acidic fractions were separated using ion-exchange open-column chromatography with silica modified with KOH-impregnated silica as the stationary phase. Twelve diterpenes were identified, including nine carboxylic acids and three alcohols. Hardwickiic acid and copalic acid were the major components, fully characterized by NMR. The most abundant compound in the neutral fraction was isolated and identified by HRMS and NMR as the methyl ester of hardwickiic acid-a compound not previously reported in oilresins. The application of GC-MS enabled the identification of diterpenes based on known fragmentation patterns. In addition, the direct infusion experiment detected a methyl ester that, to our knowledge, has not been previously reported in oilresins.</p>","PeriodicalId":9878,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":"e01730"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metal Ion-Enhanced Self-Assembly Properties of Amygdalin Extracted From Bitter Almond: Characterization and Potential Antiviral Applications.","authors":"Chang Lu, Yuanfu Zhou, Ying Ma, Ziting Yang, Qun Zhao, Yunyu Zhang, Lili Lin, Xiuzhen Chen, Huizhu Li, Rui Chen","doi":"10.1002/cbdv.202502174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.202502174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bitter almond is not only a widely used food, but also a classic tonic Chinese medicine, which mainly contains amygdalin (Amy), a bitter compound. Amy possesses multiple beneficial pharmacological activities, such as anticancer properties, blood sugar reduction, and immune enhancement. Based on previous research about the biological properties of Amy in different ion strength solutions, it was found to have certain self-assembly potential. In this study, a Ca²⁺ assisted self-assembly nanoparticle based on Amy is fabricated. The ability of metal ions to form Amy nanoparticles is explored with respect to the Amy concentrations, proportion of constituents, and temperature conditions. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) was employed for detection, revealing that the diameter of Amy-Ca²⁺ nanoparticles (ACNPs) ranges from 122 to 459 nm, with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.377. Subsequently, the assembly mechanism of ACNPs is investigated using ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectra, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, and H nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR) spectra. It is demonstrated that there is a hydrogen bonding interaction between Amy and Ca²⁺, and it is likely that the non-hydroxyl hydrogen at the position of the Amy sugar group interacts with Ca²⁺. Furthermore, the potential of ACNPs in an antivirus assay was validated by using respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) as an infection model. The results reveal that Amy exhibits anti-RSV activity to some degree, and when combined with calcium sulfate (CaSO₄), another common food additive, it significantly enhances the anti-RSV effect. The enhanced anti-RSV effect may be attributed to the self-assembly phenomenon of Amy and Ca²⁺. In addition, in vitro hemolysis assays and cytotoxicity tests have demonstrated that ACNPs are biocompatible and safe. All in all, this study reveals the potential application of natural ingredient Amy in antivirus bioaction, highlighting its dual roles as a bioactive ingredient.</p>","PeriodicalId":9878,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Biodiversity","volume":" ","pages":"e02174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}