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{"title":"Divergent effect of the freeze–thaw process on soil moisture dynamics in an alpine region of the northeast Qinghai-Tibet plateau","authors":"Tiaoxue Lu ,&nbsp;Linshan Yang ,&nbsp;Jingru Wang ,&nbsp;Xingyi Zou ,&nbsp;Wanghan He ,&nbsp;Jan F. Adamowski ,&nbsp;Qi Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The seasonal freeze–thaw process significantly influences the migration and distribution of soil moisture in cold regions. However, the heterogeneity of these influences among vegetation type and elevation remains understudied, thereby limiting our understanding of hydrological processes and streamflow generation in alpine regions. Here, we used the Simultaneous Heat and Water (SHAW) model to simulate the dynamics of soil temperature and moisture during the freeze–thaw process of four vegetation types (i.e., shrub meadow, coniferous forest, mountainous steppe, and desert steppe) in the Qilian Mountains catchment from 2015 to 2023. We analyzed the effects of the freeze–thaw process on soil moisture. Results indicated that the SHAW model could effectively simulate the dynamics of soil temperature and moisture, and the simulated data had a high consistency with the measured data. The interplay of altitude, vegetation types, and precipitation resulted in soil under coniferous forest and shrub meadow exhibiting lower temperature but higher moisture, whereas mountainous steppe and desert steppe exhibited higher temperature and lower moisture. During the freeze–thaw process, the rate and extent of liquid–solid-liquid transformation in the soil water of coniferous forest and shrub meadow was more pronounced. The maximum proportion of solid water in the soil of coniferous forest and shrub meadow peaked at 83.78 % and 78.71 %, while it reached 21.25 % % and 44.59 % in the soil of mountainous steppe and desert steppe. These results indicate that freeze–thaw process impacts soil moisture more significantly in coniferous forest and shrub meadow. Specifically, the soil freeze–thaw process prompts the liquid-to-solid water conversion during the freezing and the initial phase of completely frozen period, while prompting solid-to-liquid conversion during the thawing and the latter phase of the completely frozen period. These results emphasize the critical role of freeze–thaw processes in soil water dynamics and deepen our understanding of the mechanisms of soil water dynamics in alpine regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"258 ","pages":"Article 109288"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The initiation of peat formation – The relative importance of self-weight compaction and decomposition","authors":"Fred Worrall ,&nbsp;Nicholas J.K. Howden","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The early stages of peat formation have been assumed to be marked by: rapid loss of porosity, increasing bulk density, and decreasing permeability leading to an increased capillary fringe, all of which then combine to keep the peat profile waterlogged and stagnant. The initial changes in this process have been ascribed to the decomposition of peat–forming vegetation, especially <em>Sphagnum</em> mosses. However, these peat formation processes could also be due to self-weight compaction as each new growth and litter increment adds weight to the peat surface. This study used 12 mesocosms of fresh <em>Sphagnum</em>, analysed over a period of up to 484 days, to measure the relative roles of decomposition and self-weight compaction. We show that:<ul><li><span>i)</span><span><div>There was no significant change in dry bulk density over the study period and over the 12 mesocosms which suggests decomposition, rather than self-weight compaction, explained the observed changes in the moss.</div></span></li><li><span>ii)</span><span><div>In the second summer, the unusually warm and dry conditions meant that positive activation energy was observed for both net ecosystem exchange and for surface recession: this can ascribed to drying out of key moss layers limiting water supply and creating rigid layers.</div></span></li><li><span>iii)</span><span><div>Based on the extrapolation of the net ecosystem exchange the media percentage of the surface recession due to self-weight compaction was 29%.</div></span></li></ul>Over the period of the experiment decomposition was able to catch up and become the dominate process controlling surface recession in the early development of peat soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"258 ","pages":"Article 109274"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of cultivation time on soil physical, chemical properties, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen stocks and dioxide carbon emission in Southeast of Chad","authors":"Mouaromba Wavel ,&nbsp;Mabicka Obame Rolf Gael ,&nbsp;Musadji Neil-Yohan ,&nbsp;Adoum Abdramane ,&nbsp;Ngon Ngon Gilbert François ,&nbsp;Etame Jacques","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to examine the effects of agricultural activities on soil physico-chemical, SOC, TN stocks and CO₂ emissions as a function of cultivation duration. The study was carried out in southeastern Chad, focusing on three localities near the city of Am-Timan: Darasna (North-East), Madina and Goz-Mabile (West). These sites have been intensively cultivated for flood recession sorghum production under glyphosate use for 25 35 and 50 years, respectively. Six soil profiles were collected and a total of 144 samples were obrained-36 per site. Soil samples were collected randomly from each plot at 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, 20–30 cm, 30–40 cm, 40–50 cm and 50–60 cm in triplicate per experimental unit. The results indicated that soil pH in the study area was slightly alkaline and influenced by cultivation duration, with the highest pH observed after 25 years of cultivation. Additionnally, soil bulk density and texture were affected by the duration of agricultural practices. The highest bulk density was recorded after 25 years of cultivation, while lower bulk densities were observed after 35 and 50 years of farming cropping, highlighting the impact of cultivation time on soil compactionr. A decline in SOC and TN stocks was evident with more than 25 years of cultivation, along with an increase in CO₂ emissions, particularly in the topsoil (0–20 cm) and subsurface (20–40 cm). Reducing cultivation duration may enhance soil fertility by improving soil physicochemical, as well as soil organic matter, ultimately contributing to increase crop yields and climate change mitigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"258 ","pages":"Article 109267"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil thickness prediction models: Types, accuracy and influencing factors","authors":"Qilian Zhu ,&nbsp;Zhen Han ,&nbsp;Fayong Fang ,&nbsp;Rui Hou ,&nbsp;Longshan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil thickness is a key soil property that critically influences geomorphological processes, hydrological dynamics, and related domains. It is affected by many factors and has strong spatial heterogeneity; thus, accurate soil thickness prediction is typically difficult to achieve. In this paper, the types, accuracies and influencing factors of soil thickness prediction models were reviewed. We collected 123 publications related to soil thickness prediction worldwide and performed statistical analysis on 732 observations. The results showed that the spatial interpolation method had the highest prediction accuracy among the various models. Furthermore, the highest prediction accuracy among the different study area sizes was achieved for areas <span><math><mo>≤</mo></math></span> 25,000 km². The sample density had a significant positive effect (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), whereas the observed range of soil thickness and the number of predictors had significant negative effects (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). However, under different methods and area sizes, the effects of the number of predictors, observed range of soil thickness, sample density, and DEM resolution on prediction accuracy needs to be specifically analyzed. Future research on soil thickness prediction should prioritize the integration of methods, uncertainty assessment of predictive results, and interpretability of predictive results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"258 ","pages":"Article 109282"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in the home-field effects of litter decomposition modulate changes in soil microbial nutrient limitations: insights from eco-enzyme stoichiometry","authors":"Yongxia Meng ,&nbsp;Peng Li ,&nbsp;Lie Xiao ,&nbsp;Jialiang Liu ,&nbsp;Chaoya Zhang ,&nbsp;Shutong Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaoming Zhang ,&nbsp;Yunqi Wang ,&nbsp;Tian Wang ,&nbsp;Rui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While the home-field advantage (HFA) effect explains variability in leaf litter decomposition, which is critical for soil enzyme activity and nutrient cycling, its existence and ties to nutrient limitations are still debated. In a 439-day field experiment, we compared decomposition effects of coniferous (<em>Pinus tabuliformis</em>, PT) and broadleaf (<em>Quercus acutissima</em>, QC) litters. The results showed that PT litter (high C/N ratio) exhibited a home-field disadvantage (HFD), with away soil (PT1) having 39.64 % higher total organic carbon (TOC) and 24.25 % higher total nitrogen (TN) than home soil by late decomposition. In contrast, QC litter (low C/N ratio) displayed a clear HFA, significantly increasing TOC, TN, total phosphorus (TP), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in home-site soil. During decomposition, activities of enzymes associated with carbon and nitrogen cycling, including β-glucosidase (BG), β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG), and L-leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), increased considerably in QC soil, reaching approximately 2.49, 4.65, and 1.57 times the levels observed in the control soil, respectively. Litter input induced a significant shift in soil nutrient limitations, transitioning from initial phosphorus to nitrogen limitation during decomposition. The study demonstrated that litter input significantly influenced the direction and intensity of microbial nutrient limitation by increasing soil temperature (T) and soil water content (SWC), consequently regulating nutrient availability and nutrient stoichiometric ratios. In the PT site, litter mass loss positively promoted the release of available nutrients, intensifying microbial carbon limitation. In contrast, at the QC site, litter mass loss negatively affected total nutrient pools, and nutrient stoichiometric ratios negatively influenced both microbial carbon and nitrogen/phosphorus limitations. Furthermore, SWC, T, available nutrients (NO₃⁻-N, NH₄⁺-N, AP), and total nutrients (TOC, TN, TP) were identified as the key factors driving variations in microbial nutrient limitations. These findings underpin HFA research in litter decomposition and soil nutrient cycling, offering new insights into forest carbon cycling in temperate semi-arid forests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"258 ","pages":"Article 109289"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RUSLE tends to overestimate soil erosion in revegetated conditions: Evidence from long-term runoff plots monitoring on China’s Loess Plateau","authors":"Jun Liao ,&nbsp;Jiaxi Wang ,&nbsp;Juying Jiao ,&nbsp;Zeng Yan ,&nbsp;Jianjun Li ,&nbsp;Ziqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Mengmeng Li ,&nbsp;Qian Xu ,&nbsp;Xiaohan Jiang ,&nbsp;Wenting Zhao ,&nbsp;Qi Ling ,&nbsp;Hanyuan Sheng ,&nbsp;Yixin Chen ,&nbsp;Tong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), a globally recognized empirical model for soil erosion assessment, has seen extensive efforts to calibrate its erosion factors (R, K, LS, C, P) across diverse regions and scales. However, systematic evaluations of how factor configurations influence model performance, particularly in revegetated ecosystems remain scarce. To address this gap, this study analyzed 8 years of monitoring data (2016∼2023) from 10 runoff plots in a revegetated watershed on China’s Loess Plateau, where vegetation restoration has dramatically altered erosion dynamics. We rigorously tested 144 RUSLE configurations at annual/multi-year scales and 36 configurations at rainfall event scales, evaluating performance through Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). Results of the 144 factor configurations revealed systematic bias of soil loss rates across revegetated plots, with NSE values spanning −41.48 to −0.11 and MAPE ranging from 143.22% to 1,540.23%. Performance varied markedly across temporal scales: annual/multi-year simulations (NSE: −4.17∼−0.52; MAPE: 91.96∼554.90%) outperformed event-scale predictions (NSE: −8.04∼−0.63; MAPE: 99.69∼709.25%), aligning with RUSLE’s original design for long-term averages. Rainfall intensity further modulated accuracy, as heavy rainfall events (NSE: −7.61∼−2.39; MAPE: 316.92∼938.50%) exhibited larger errors than non-heavy events (NSE: −1.27∼−0.56; MAPE: 219.17∼515.72%), highlighting the model’s inability to resolve intensity-dependent thresholds. Optimized configurations, such as event-scale R factor refinements (R_W) coupled with vegetation-adaptive C factors (C_L) reduced uncertainties effectively, demonstrating the value of localized factor calibration. However, persistent biases highlighted inherent limitations in RUSLE’s linear empirical framework, which oversimplifies nonlinear interactions between vegetation, soil, and rainfall. These findings emphasize the need for context-driven factor selection to enhance RUSLE’s utility in ecological restoration regions, while advocating for future integration with process-based models to address mechanistic gaps in dynamic, revegetated landscapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"258 ","pages":"Article 109285"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Declining soil organic matter stability over the last 150 years in coral island ecosystems revealed by chemical molecular composition","authors":"Xianglong Xi ,&nbsp;Shenglan Liang ,&nbsp;Libin Wu ,&nbsp;Liqiang Xu ,&nbsp;Renjun Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coral islands, widespread in tropical regions worldwide, have great carbon storage potential due to favorable climatic conditions for vegetation growth. However, the role of soil organic matter (SOM) in this process remains unclear. Understanding the stability of the SOM of coral islands is critical for combating climate change. Here, the sources, composition, and stability characteristics of SOM in two typical coral island soil profiles were analyzed using multi-method analyses. The stable isotope mixing model revealed a significant alteration in SOM sources from seabird guano to plant humus, reflecting the evolutionary process of island ecosystems. Results from the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance showed that the functional groups and chemical composition of SOM varied during different historical periods. The average proportion of carboxyl carbon decreased from 14.49 % to 8.30 %, while that of alkoxyl carbon increased from 43.45 % to 51.90 %. Pyrolysis analysis provided molecular fingerprints of SOM, where the average lignin content rose rapidly from 0 % to 12.31 % within 0–15 cm. This indicated a decrease in the contribution of guano to SOM, along with an increase in the contribution of plant sources. Combining the above results, structural equation modeling suggests that the guano- and plant-derived composition of SOM play a positive and unfavorable role in its stabilization. The source and composition of SOM and environmental conditions are critical determinants of soil carbon pool stability on coral islands. This study provides additional insights for thoroughly assessing SOM stability and maintaining soil carbon storage on coral islands under climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"258 ","pages":"Article 109272"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating nitrate removal and travel times in a bare deciduous forest soil through a column tracer experiment","authors":"Mitra Cattry ,&nbsp;Filippo Miele ,&nbsp;Simiao Wang ,&nbsp;Manon Frutschi ,&nbsp;Andrea Rinaldo","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to increased atmospheric nitrogen deposition, understanding the fate of nitrate within forest soils is crucial for predicting the ecological trajectories of soil microbial communities. This study leverages a controlled soil column experiment to investigate nitrate removal in bare soil from a Swiss deciduous forest in the Cugy region near Lausanne. Though not fully replicating natural hydrological conditions, our experimental approach examined dynamics near the soil’s field capacity—a critical threshold for redox-driven processes affecting nitrate and labile dissolved organic carbon (cellobiose) transformation. We deployed a tracer-based approach (bromide and nitrate) with HYDRUS-1D to validate our soil characterization, estimate transport parameters, and determine nitrate consumption rates. Using a simplified kinetic model, we effectively captured nitrate dynamics despite its limitations. By tracing spatiotemporal nitrate removal through nitrate-to-bromide comparisons, we explored the influence of travel time on nitrate removal overlaid by redox and soil moisture conditions. Our results suggest that the saturation–redox relationship exhibited a gradual, rather than abrupt, shift from anaerobic to aerobic conditions, with the two becoming decoupled during prolonged periods of either state. Additionally, our findings indicate that the Swiss deciduous forest soil in the Cugy region near Lausanne can buffer against increased nitrogen inputs and remains in a transitional phase, likely benefiting from elevated nitrate depositions. This experimental design provides insights into developing refined models to predict the transport, transformation, and fate of nitrate and organic carbon in ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"258 ","pages":"Article 109204"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent effects of cropland management practices and global change factors on microbial necromass across ecosystems: implications for soil organic carbon","authors":"Chen-Hao Lyu ,&nbsp;Wen-Jun He ,&nbsp;Peng Chen ,&nbsp;Xin-Xin Jing ,&nbsp;Guo-Shi Zhang ,&nbsp;Run-Qin Zhang ,&nbsp;Zi-Yan Li ,&nbsp;Zhi-Guo Li ,&nbsp;Yi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial necromass carbon (MNC) is a crucial contributor to Soil Organic Carbon (SOC), yet its responses to cropland management practices and global changes remain poorly understood. Here, a global <em>meta</em>-analysis was conducted to reveal general patterns of how MNC respond to these factors across major terrestrial ecosystems. Results showed that cropland management practices increased MNC by 6.5–29.4 %, with manure amendment having the largest effect (+29.4 %), followed by fertilization (+16.2 %), straw application (+13.1 %), no-tillage/reduced-tillage (NT/RT, +11.3 %), biochar amendment (+8.8 %), and cover crops (+6.5 %). In grasslands, warming increased MNC by 9.5 %, phosphorus (P) addition had negative effects on MNC, and nitrogen (N) addition had no effect. In forestlands, P addition increased MNC the most (+41.6 %), followed by NP (+33.4 %) and N addition (+11.3 %). Importantly, responses of MNC to management practices and global changes were influenced by climatic and edaphic factors. For example, fertilization and straw application increased necromass in humid and warm climates, while NT/RT and manure amendments were more effective in cooler climates or acidic soils. Fertilization, straw, and manure amendments led to greater MNC accumulation in soils with lower initial SOC levels. N addition had a more pronounced effect on necromass in humid forests, whereas P addition was more impactful in cooler climates. Furthermore, MNC was closely linked to SOC, highlighting the important role of microbial necromass in SOC sequestration. This study fills a key knowledge gap by synthesizing global evidence on how MNC responds to cropland management practices and global change factors, offering novel insights into optimizing land management strategies for soil carbon stabilization in future climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"258 ","pages":"Article 109273"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144588696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting impacts of grassland restoration methods on soil greenhouse gases emissions under warming conditions in Northern Tibet","authors":"Hao Shi ,&nbsp;Fei Xia ,&nbsp;Lin-ling Ran ,&nbsp;Hao-yang Wu ,&nbsp;Jun-qiang Wang ,&nbsp;Yun-yin Xue ,&nbsp;Wei Wei ,&nbsp;Shai-kun Zheng ,&nbsp;Shuang Yan ,&nbsp;Cai-hong Yang ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao-qin Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109287","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.catena.2025.109287","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of climate warming, grassland restoration on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) may have a significant impact on greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions. However, the response of GHGs emissions, global warming potential (GWP) and temperature sensitivity coefficient (<em>Q₁₀</em>) from different restored grasslands on QTP to warming remains unclear. We adopted three restoration methods: natural-restoration (NR), no-till-replanting (S), and till-replanting (TS), using natural-degradation grassland (ND) as a control and an open top chamber (OTC) as a simulated warming (Ws) device to clarify the response mechanism of GHGs emissions to warming, and then we evaluated the GWP and <em>Q₁₀</em> of restored grasslands on the QTP. Under Wns conditions, S resulted in the lowest GHGs emissions (by 66.22 %) and the lowest GWP related to ND. Under Ws conditions, TS suppressed the emissions of CO₂ (by 23.43 %) and CH₄ (by 46.34 %), maintaining the lowest N₂O increment and significantly reducing GWP compared to Wns (by 23.73 %). Under the Wns and Ws conditions, the contribution rate of CO₂ to GWP exceeded 93 % in all treatments, and Ws led to a decrease in the <em>Q₁₀</em> of GHGs. Structural equation model analysis showed that Ws and grassland restoration directly affected ROC, DOC, MBC and above-ground biomass (AGB), which in turn affected GWP. In summary, S effectively reduced GWP under Wns conditions, and GWP of TS was effectively alleviated under Ws conditions. Labile organic carbon and AGB are the preferred triggering factor for GWP under the conditions of Ws and grassland restoration. Our study offers a theoretical foundation and technical framework for advancing our comprehension of degraded grassland restoration and its implications for greenhouse gas dynamics on the QTP under climate warming scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9801,"journal":{"name":"Catena","volume":"258 ","pages":"Article 109287"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144588697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}