{"title":"Photo-induced denitrative alkylation of β-nitrostyrenes with alkanes by using aryltriazenes as HAT reagents","authors":"Bing Liu,Wei Xu,Chenyu Li,Bin Wang,Ziren Chen,Yu Xia,Shaofeng Wu,Chenjiang Liu,Yonghong Zhang","doi":"10.1039/d6qo01137c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo01137c","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) has emerged as an efficient strategy for the selective functionalization of inert C(sp 3 )-H bonds. However, the development of intermolecular HAT processes mediated by aryl radicals remains limited because of the lack of practical and stable aryl radical precursors. Herein, we report a visible-light-induced intermolecular HAT strategy for the denitrative alkylation of β-nitrostyrenes with alkanes by employing bench-stable aryltriazenes as aryl radical precursors. Under metal-free conditions, visible-light irradiation enables the in situ sustained generation of aryl radicals from aryltriazenes, which selectively abstract hydrogen atoms from inactivated alkanes to produce alkyl radicals. Subsequent radical addition to nitroalkenes followed by denitrative elimination furnishes a broad range of alkylated olefins. The protocol features mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scope, scalability, and operational simplicity. Mechanistic studies support the involvement of aryl radical-mediated HAT and a radical addition-denitrative elimination coupling pathway. This work establishes aryltriazenes as practical HAT reagents and expands their synthetic utility in radical chemistry.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"150 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148980734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Palladium-catalyzed direct cross-couplings of aryl fluorosulfates with alkyl bromides","authors":"Ying Yan,Jiang-Xin Yin,Jian-Hui Wang,Xue-Qiang Chu,Hao Xu,Xiaocong Zhou,Weidong Rao,Kai Zhao,Zhi-Liang Shen","doi":"10.1039/d6qo00891g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo00891g","url":null,"abstract":"A direct Csp2–Csp3 cross-coupling between aryl fluorosulfates and alkyl bromides which avoided the use of commercial or pre-synthesized organometallic reagents was developed. The cross-couplings proceeded smoothly through C–O bond functionalization in the presence of a palladium catalyst, the RuPhos ligand, magnesium turnings, and lithium chloride (with or without ZnCl2) in THF, producing a variety of alkylated arenes in modest to good yields. The coupling protocol not only displayed reasonable substrate generality and wide functional group tolerance, but could also be scalable and be utilized in late-stage modification of complex molecules. Preliminary mechanistic investigations revealed that the in situ generated alkylmetallic reagents from alkyl bromides possibly function as the pivotal intermediates of the reaction.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148973537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Access to multisubstituted -benzenediboronic acids the [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of 1,2-diborylalkyne and diynes: discovery of nucleophile-responsive photoluminescent motifs","authors":"Adiyasuren Byamba,Taichi Yumura,Takeshi Nanjo,Yoshiji Takemoto","doi":"10.1039/d6qo00790b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo00790b","url":null,"abstract":"Organic compounds that contain two boron atoms in proximity have attracted attention as building blocks in synthetic chemistry and as functional molecules in e.g., catalysts and advanced materials. Among these, ortho-benzenediboronic acids (o-BDBs) represent some of the simplest derivatives; however, synthetic routes to o-BDBs remain scarce. Here, we report the construction of a wide range of sterically crowded, multisubstituted o-BDBs via the Rh-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of 1,2-diborylalkyne with 1,n-diynes. We demonstrate that the newly accessible o-BDBs are useful building blocks for the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction and for the construction of unique boron-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that are otherwise difficult to synthesize. Furthermore, we discovered a diboron-containing PAH that exhibits nucleophile-responsive, pH-dependent fluorescence, in which the positions of the two boron atoms enhance each other's complex-forming ability.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148973544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Theoretical study on the mechanism of Pd/Cu cooperatively catalyzed denitrative α-arylation of benzofuran","authors":"Xiao Xiao,Xiao-Xia You,Xu Liu,Zhong-Min Su,Rong-Lin Zhong","doi":"10.1039/d6qo00854b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo00854b","url":null,"abstract":"The Pd/Cu cooperatively catalyzed direct C–H arylation has been proposed as an efficient strategy for heteroarene conversions while the mechanism of the bimetallic synergy effect and the orthogonality are unclear. In this work, we systematically investigated the Pd/Cu cooperatively catalyzed denitrative α-arylation reaction of benzofurans through DFT calculations. The key active species of both inert C–H and C–NO2 bond activation are systematically disclosed. The results show that CuI(EPhos)(OPiv) is effective for endothermic C–H bond activation of benzofuran to generate the key CuI(EPhos)(benzofuranyl) species, while CuI(EPhos)(Cl) is not effective due to the insufficient thermodynamic driving force for the C–H bond cleavage. In addition, the CuII center adopts a d9 electronic configuration, and the ground state of CuII-complexes is a square-planar tetra-coordination structure that is not favorable for C–H bond activation. On the other hand, Pd0(EPhos) is effective for the inert C–NO2 bond activation because the dπ orbital is at a higher energy level and PdII-complexes tends to form a stronger PdII–NO2 bond while CuI-complexes did not exhibit similar features. The excellent orthogonality of this bimetallic catalytic system is thus clearly disclosed, potentially providing theoretical guidance for further designing multi-component catalyzed reactions.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148973563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Methodological advances in synthesis of perylene diimides imidization: from classical condensation to green strategies","authors":"Ruiyang Zhang,Xin Liao,Haocheng Yuan,Jianbin Lin,Hui-Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1039/d6qo00628k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo00628k","url":null,"abstract":"Perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimides (PDIs) are among the most important molecular platforms for n-type organic semiconductors. However, the poor solubility and low reactivity of their key precursor, perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PDA), severely limit the efficiency and substrate scope of imidization reactions. Although several excellent reviews have covered PDI derivatization and applications, a comprehensive survey of the imidization methodology itself, the gateway to the entire PDI family, remains absent. This review fills this gap by classifying recent advances into three strategies: classical high-temperature condensation, intermediate modulation, and green synthetic approaches (microwave-assisted, mechanochemical, and hydrothermal). Classical high-temperature condensation proceeds under harsh conditions but offers the best substrate generality. Intermediate modulation enables mild and efficient condensation by increasing the solubility and reactivity of key species. Green synthetic methods achieve efficient and sustainable synthesis through alternative energy inputs and reaction media. The synergistic advancement of these strategies has not only broadened the substrate scope but also opened new avenues for precise synthesis of unsymmetrical and multifunctional PDIs. Importantly, the mechanistic framework and design principles discussed here are also applicable to other aromatic imides, such as naphthalene diimides (NDIs) and larger rylene diimides. In the future, condensation methods that combine mild conditions, high efficiency, and scalability will be key to advancing rylene diimide-based functional materials from the laboratory to practical applications.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148973535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tatiana Y. Dvinyaninova,Alexander V. Zhirov,Evgeny V. Pospelov,Ivan S. Golovanov,Alexey Yu. Sukhorukov
{"title":"An N–O to N/S atom swapping process in 1,2-oxazine -oxides to access pyrroles and thiophenes","authors":"Tatiana Y. Dvinyaninova,Alexander V. Zhirov,Evgeny V. Pospelov,Ivan S. Golovanov,Alexey Yu. Sukhorukov","doi":"10.1039/d6qo00597g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo00597g","url":null,"abstract":"1,2-Oxazines possessing two weakly bonded heteroatoms in the ring represent an expeditious platform to implement ring editing strategies. Here, we report a process in which simultaneous swapping of both endocyclic heteroatoms (nitrogen and oxygen) in 1,2-oxazine N-oxides takes place under acid-mediated and photochemical conditions. This methodology provides general access to five-membered heterocycles, such as N-substituted pyrroles and thiophenes. DFT calculations suggest a common α-hydroxynitroso intermediate for both acid-mediated and photochemical processes, which arises through O-protonation or photocyclization of 1,2-oxazine N-oxides, followed by in situ hydrolysis.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148973547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Highly selective copper-catalyzed C–O coupling reaction of aryl bromides with unprotected aminophenols","authors":"Xuming Ben,Xuefeng Gu,Huiming Dai,Wenhao Xu,Chengwen Dong,Jiarui Huang,Zhiyu Cao,Zhibin Huang,Yingsheng Zhao","doi":"10.1039/d6qo00771f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo00771f","url":null,"abstract":"Amino-containing aryl ethers are ubiquitous structural frameworks in numerous therapeutic agents and drug candidates with significant medicinal potential. This research reports the development of a copper catalytic system for the chemoselective O-arylation of unprotected aminophenols with aryl halides. The copper-catalyzed system, using SPhos (2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,6′-dimethoxybiphenyl) as the ligand, enables highly selective O-arylation of ortho-, meta- and para-aminophenols. Featuring mild reaction conditions, operational simplicity, excellent chemoselectivity and broad functional group tolerance, this methodology provides a novel and practical synthetic strategy for the efficient construction of aryl ethers, while offering an effective synthetic route to pharmaceutically relevant molecules and related drug candidates.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148973556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Condition-controlled Rh()-catalyzed C–H activation and annulation of 1-aryl-5-aminopyrazoles with CF-imidoyl sulfoxonium ylides for the divergent synthesis of trifluoromethyl-functionalized pyrazole-fused heterocycles","authors":"Jian Chen,Huan Zhou,Zhengkai Chen","doi":"10.1039/d6qo00778c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo00778c","url":null,"abstract":"A condition-controlled rhodium(iii)-catalyzed C–H activation and cyclization reaction of 1-aryl-5-aminopyrazoles and CF3-imidoyl sulfoxonium ylides (TFISYs) has been developed, which enables the divergent synthesis of two types of trifluoromethyl-containing pyrazole-fused heterocycles. The reaction proceeds through a cascade C–H bond imidoylmethylation, tautomerization, intramolecular nucleophilic addition, elimination process or intramolecular C–N bond formation and oxidative dehydrogenation sequence. The developed strategy further enriches the application of TFISYs in the field of C–H functionalization.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148973548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"N-Heterocyclic nitrenium-catalyzed photoreductive radical polar crossover of two distinct alkenes","authors":"Kun-Quan Chen,Jia-Qi Zhang,Qiang Liu,You-Feng Han,Xiang-Yu Chen","doi":"10.1039/d6qo00798h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo00798h","url":null,"abstract":"Although several photoreductive radical–polar crossover (RPC) reactions have been developed for the dicarbofunctionalization of alkenes using various prefunctionalized reagents as radical precursors, the electrophilic partners have thus far been restricted to C═O/N double bonds. Herein, we report the successful employment of Michael acceptors as the electrophiles, enabled by N-heterocyclic nitrenium (NHN) catalysis. The incorporation of an alkene as the polar coupling partner significantly expands the synthetic utility of RPC chemistry and establishes NHN catalysis as a versatile platform for merging radical and ionic reaction manifolds.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148973550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rui Zhang,Ling Peng,Haoyuan Qi,Hao Huang,Shengnan Wang,Yuchao Liu,Junjie Wang,Shian Ying,Shouke Yan
{"title":"A feasible acceptor–donor–donor′–donor–acceptor (A–D–D′–D–A) type hybridized local and charge-transfer emitter for efficient deep-blue electroluminescence","authors":"Rui Zhang,Ling Peng,Haoyuan Qi,Hao Huang,Shengnan Wang,Yuchao Liu,Junjie Wang,Shian Ying,Shouke Yan","doi":"10.1039/d6qo00432f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d6qo00432f","url":null,"abstract":"The pursuit of high-performance deep-blue materials is vitally important for high-definition and ultra-high-definition organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays, due to the limited molecular catalogue. Here, we introduced a feasible acceptor–donor–donor′–donor–acceptor (A–D–D′–D–A) architecture to engineer effective and stable deep-blue hybridized local and charge-transfer emitter TPA-DCNC3, by employing cyanobenzene as the acceptor, propyl-substituted carbazole as the primary donor, and triphenylamine as the secondary donor, respectively. Compared to the acceptor–donor–donor′ type reference molecule TPA-CNC3, the twin-type TPA-DCNC3 not only maintains deep-blue emission with high fluorescence efficiency but also demonstrates superior thermal stability, with a decomposition temperature of 496 °C and a glass transition temperature of 183.3 °C. Compared to the TPA-CNC3-based device with an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 5.05%, the resulting device based on TPA-DCNC3 achieves a higher EQE of 5.78% with the color coordinates of (0.160, 0.054), due to the multiple high-lying reverse intersystem crossing channels. This study highlights the promising potential of the A–D–D′–D–A molecular architecture for developing efficient deep-blue emitters for OLED applications.","PeriodicalId":97,"journal":{"name":"Organic Chemistry Frontiers","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148973560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}