{"title":"Research Advances of the Autophagy-Regulated Radiosensitivity.","authors":"Hanyue Liu, Yanlan Xiao, Chuhao Dai, Keyu Chen, Xinyi Xu, Jianming Cai, Xuguang Hu, Jiaming Guo","doi":"10.1111/cpr.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cpr.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process of cell self-catabolism that provides a minimum level of energy for cellular homeostasis during metabolic stress. In radiotherapy (RT), it has been explicitly explained that autophagy plays a dual role in tumour control by tuning cellular radiosensitivity. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains a conundrum. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to gain insight into the molecular mechanisms elaborating the autophagy-mediated radiosensitivity and craft refined RT strategies for different tumours. Distinguishing it from previous reviews in the field, here we discuss the mechanisms of autophagy, especially its pro-survival and growth-suppressing mechanisms via regulation of radiosensitivity. We further outline some frontier RT adjuvant therapies targeting autophagy, in an endeavour to shed some light on the autophagy-mediated pathways to harness radiosensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9760,"journal":{"name":"Cell Proliferation","volume":" ","pages":"e70056"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143962758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to \"Memory Inflation: Beyond the Acute Phase of Viral Infection\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/cpr.70054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cpr.70054","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9760,"journal":{"name":"Cell Proliferation","volume":" ","pages":"e70054"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dual Role of Natural Killer Cells in Early Pregnancy: Immunopathological Implications and Therapeutic Potential in Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion and Recurrent Implantation Failure.","authors":"Defeng Guan, Zhou Chen, Yuhua Zhang, Wenjie Sun, Lifei Li, Xia Huang","doi":"10.1111/cpr.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cpr.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Natural killer (NK) cells are critical regulators of immune processes during early pregnancy, playing a key role in maintaining maternal-foetal immune tolerance and supporting successful implantation. In particular, uterine NK cells, a specialised subset of NK cells, facilitate trophoblast invasion, spiral artery remodelling and placental establishment. Dysregulation of NK cell activity, however, has been implicated in pregnancy complications, notably recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and recurrent implantation failure (RIF). Aberrant NK cell functions, such as heightened cytotoxicity or defective immune signalling, can disrupt the balance between immune tolerance and response, leading to impaired placental development, reduced trophoblast activity and compromised uteroplacental blood flow. This review examines the role of NK cells in early pregnancy, emphasising their contributions to immune modulation and placentation. It also investigates the mechanisms by which NK cell dysfunction contributes to RSA and RIF, and explores therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring NK cell balance to improve pregnancy outcomes. A deeper understanding of NK cell interactions during early pregnancy may provide critical insights into the pathogenesis of pregnancy failure and facilitate targeted immunotherapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":9760,"journal":{"name":"Cell Proliferation","volume":" ","pages":"e70037"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tianlun Zhao, Jiawei Di, Yu Kang, Haojie Zhang, Senyu Yao, Bin Liu, Limin Rong
{"title":"TREM2 Impedes Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury by Regulating Microglial Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization-Mediated Autophagy.","authors":"Tianlun Zhao, Jiawei Di, Yu Kang, Haojie Zhang, Senyu Yao, Bin Liu, Limin Rong","doi":"10.1111/cpr.70047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cpr.70047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microglia, considered as the main immune responder, play an important role in regulating neuroinflammation in central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Our previous work found that TREM2 is highly expressed in microglia and is related to their functional state. However, the specific role of TREM2 in spinal cord injury has not yet been explored. To further investigate the potential mechanism of TREM2, we performed single-cell sequencing on wild-type (Wt) and Trem2<sup>-/-</sup> mice before and after spinal cord injury. Compared to Wt mice, the lysosome, autophagy and membrane-related pathways are more strongly activated in Trem2<sup>-/-</sup> mice, suggesting that TREM2 may exert its effects by influencing lysosomal membranes and autophagy. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that the knockout of Trem2 can reduce the nuclear translocation of TFEB by decreasing the phosphorylation of Syk. Furthermore, we validated that in vitro and in vivo silencing Trem2 can promote autophagy by repairing lysosomal membrane permeabilization. Through immunofluorescence, 3D gait analysis, motor evoked potential experiments, H&E staining and Masson staining, we demonstrated that the increased level of autophagy can rescue more microglia in vivo and promote both functional and histological recovery of spinal cord injury. Collectively, these results not only suggest that microglial lysosomal autophagy is regulated in a TREM2-dependent LMP manner, but also, more importantly, they provide a promising clinical translation strategy based on gene therapy for lysosome-related central nervous system disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":9760,"journal":{"name":"Cell Proliferation","volume":" ","pages":"e70047"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143954837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuchen Sun, Xinglin Hu, Xingwei Huang, Wenyao Zhou, Shubing Lan, Hui Zhang, Guangming Wu, Lei Lei
{"title":"Hypertranscription of rDNA Responsible for Nucleolar Remodelling is a Doorman for Acquiring Pluripotency.","authors":"Yuchen Sun, Xinglin Hu, Xingwei Huang, Wenyao Zhou, Shubing Lan, Hui Zhang, Guangming Wu, Lei Lei","doi":"10.1111/cpr.70052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cpr.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ribosome biogenesis occurs within the nucleolus, with the initial step being the transcription of ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Although rDNA transcription is limited in somatic cells, it is more active in stem cells. Nevertheless, the mechanisms involved in somatic cell reprogramming remain elusive. Both somatic and stem cell nucleoli exhibit a reticular structure. However, under the electron microscope, we identified an intermediate nucleolar state during reprogramming. This state underwent changes characterised by rDNA hypertranscription, resulting in an enlarged nucleolus, enhanced activity of nucleolus organiser regions (NORs), and a transition from the reticular nucleolar type to an intermediate state of reprogramming, whose three liquid phase boundaries are blurred. Our research revealed that Oct4 was directly targeted to the rDNA enhancer region, promoting its hypertranscription and nucleolar enlargement during reprogramming. Using rDNA transcriptional inhibitors, we proved that nucleolar remodelling and subsequent reprogramming are halted by inhibiting rDNA transcription. But why could rDNA transcriptional activity influence reprogramming? Our findings elucidate that the active nucleoli have the capability to release perinucleolar heterochromatin. By joint analysis of Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin with high throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq) and RNA-seq, we have characterised the perinucleolar chromatin released by the nucleolus in a reprogramming intermediate state. The released chromatin mainly impacted mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET)-related genes. MET is a stage of silencing of mesenchymal genes, accompanied by the activation of epithelial genes. Concurrently, the morphology of mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (MEFs) transitions from elongated spindle-shaped cells to short roundish forms, exhibiting a propensity to cluster together. MET was considered an early event in reprogramming; our findings suggested that nucleolar remodelling occurred before MET.</p>","PeriodicalId":9760,"journal":{"name":"Cell Proliferation","volume":" ","pages":"e70052"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143974445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Potentials of Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Guangyao Zhou, Jiaxiong Tan, Pengpeng Zhang, Zhaokai Zhou, Lianmin Zhang, Zhenfa Zhang","doi":"10.1111/cpr.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cpr.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a leading cause of cancer mortality. Despite advancements in gene targeted therapies and immunotherapies, high heterogeneity contributes to limited efficacy and therapeutic resistance. Ubiquitination, a crucial post-translational modification that regulates protein stability and degradation, plays a significant role in cancer pathogenesis by influencing key oncogenic pathways and tumour progression. This review systematically explores the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and its potential as a therapeutic target for NSCLC. We highlight recent preclinical and clinical studies focusing on ubiquitination-related biomarkers, drug targets and emerging therapies like proteasome inhibitors and Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs). By exploring the impact of the UPS on tumour biology, the progression of NSCLC and its response to therapy, we aim to underscore the potential of targeting the ubiquitination-deubiquitination system as a complementary or synergistic approach to existing therapeutic strategies in NSCLC, thereby enhancing patient outcomes and overcoming treatment resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9760,"journal":{"name":"Cell Proliferation","volume":" ","pages":"e70050"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143982192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"GANT61 Modulates Autophagy and Lipid Metabolism in Ovarian Cancer.","authors":"Yibin Pan, Lingfeng Chen, Jinlu Shen, Shihao Hong, Xiaojing Guan, Xudong Ma, Rongrong Tang, Meifei Lu, Fangying Sun, Shanliang Shang, Yongdong Dai, Zhaokai Zhou, Songying Zhang, Jianhua Yang","doi":"10.1111/cpr.70051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cpr.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>GANT61 induced autophagy via the AKT pathway and promoted the accumulation of lipid droplets in both cell lines. The molecular mechanism behind this lipid accumulation appears to involve the mediation of SREBP1. Furthermore, the combination of GANT61 with CQ/Fatostatin significantly inhibited the proliferation and clonogenicity of SKOV3 and SKOV3PTX cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":9760,"journal":{"name":"Cell Proliferation","volume":" ","pages":"e70051"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143962755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extrachromosomal Circular DNA in Cancer: Mechanisms and Clinical Applications.","authors":"Jiajia Li, Peng Luo, Zhengrui Li, Qi Wang, Xufeng Huang, Keliang Wang, Ruo Wang, Runzhi Chen","doi":"10.1111/cpr.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cpr.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) has emerged as a critical area of cancer research due to its ubiquitous presence in tumour cells and significant role in tumorigenesis, progression and drug resistance. Recent studies demonstrate that eccDNA promotes cancer progression by influencing genomic instability, amplifying oncogenes, regulating gene expression and enhancing tumour cell adaptability to adverse conditions. While the precise mechanisms underlying eccDNA formation and its biological functions remain unclear, its potential applications in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy are gaining increasing recognition. This review summarises the latest advancements in eccDNA research, highlighting its potential as both a biomarker and a therapeutic target. Additionally, it emphasises the translational potential of eccDNA in clinical diagnostics and personalised treatment strategies, offering new perspectives for future cancer research and innovative therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9760,"journal":{"name":"Cell Proliferation","volume":" ","pages":"e70040"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143954240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenting Qi, Hanghang Liu, Huaze Liu, Yuxuan Guo, Li Wu, Chongyun Bao, Xian Liu
{"title":"Synergistical Induction of Apoptosis via Cold Atmospheric Plasma and Nanohydroxyapatite for Selective Inhibition of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Tumour Microenvironment.","authors":"Wenting Qi, Hanghang Liu, Huaze Liu, Yuxuan Guo, Li Wu, Chongyun Bao, Xian Liu","doi":"10.1111/cpr.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cpr.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the primary strategies of treating cancers globally. However, the current treatment methods bring new disease burdens to patients due to postoperative complications and multiple side effects, especially in surface tumours such as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In this study, we developed a microwave cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) device in conjunction with tumour microenvironment-responsive nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) for the first time. The synergistic effects of CAP and nHA combined application on OSCC were evaluated in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. The synergistic effects of CAP and pH-responsive NH<sub>2</sub>-nHA on the apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium ion concentration of OSCC cells were investigated in vitro. The synergistic induction of CAP with NH<sub>2</sub>-nHA exhibited optimal tumour-specific inhibitory effects on OSCC. The results revealed that the combined application of CAP with NH<sub>2</sub>-nHA induced apoptosis of tumour cells in vitro and killed 84.0% of tumours in vivo. Mechanistically, CAP enhances extracellular ROS production, while NH<sub>2</sub>-nHA amplifies intracellular calcium ion (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) concentrations, synergistically increasing intracellular ROS levels to provoke oxidative stress in OSCC cells, ultimately triggering the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. In conclusion, the combined utilisation of CAP and NH<sub>2</sub>-nHA presents a promising avenue as a novel, selective, and non-invasive strategy in the management of OSCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9760,"journal":{"name":"Cell Proliferation","volume":" ","pages":"e70041"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143981687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}