Cerebral cortex最新文献_第4页

The power spectrum map of gyro-sulcal functional activity dissociation in macaque brains. 猕猴脑回旋-脑沟功能活动解离的功率谱图。

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf160

Yusong Sun, Jingchao Zhou, Wei Mao, Weihan Zhang, Boyu Zhao, Xujun Duan, Songyao Zhang, Tuo Zhang, Xi Jiang

{"title":"The power spectrum map of gyro-sulcal functional activity dissociation in macaque brains.","authors":"Yusong Sun, Jingchao Zhou, Wei Mao, Weihan Zhang, Boyu Zhao, Xujun Duan, Songyao Zhang, Tuo Zhang, Xi Jiang","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaf160","url":null,"abstract":"Nonhuman primates, particularly rhesus macaques, have served as crucial animal models for investigating complex brain functions. While previous studies have explored neural activity features in macaques, the gyro-sulcal functional dissociation characteristics are largely unknown. In this study, we employ a deep learning model named one-dimensional convolutional neural network to differentiate resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging signals between gyri and sulci in macaque brains, and further investigate the frequency-specific dissociations between gyri and sulci inferred from the power spectral density of resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Experimental results based on a large cohort of 440 macaques from two independent sites demonstrate substantial frequency-specific dissociation between gyral and sulcal signals at both whole-brain and regional levels. The magnitude of gyral power spectral density is significantly larger than that of sulcal power spectral density within the range of 0.01 to 0.1 Hz, suggesting that gyri and sulci may play distinct roles as the global hubs and local processing units for functional activity transmission and interaction in macaque brains. In conclusion, our study has established one of the first power spectrum maps of gyro-sulcal functional activity dissociation in macaque brains, providing a novel perspective for systematically exploring the neural mechanism of functional dissociation in mammalian brains.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"35 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerosity coding in the brain: from early visual processing to abstract representations. 大脑中的数字编码：从早期视觉处理到抽象表征。

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf180

Andreas Nieder

{"title":"Numerosity coding in the brain: from early visual processing to abstract representations.","authors":"Andreas Nieder","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaf180","url":null,"abstract":"Numerosity estimation refers to the ability to perceive and estimate quantities without explicit counting, a skill crucial for both human and animal cognition. Traditionally, this process has been associated with higher-order cortical regions like the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and prefrontal cortex (PFC), thought to support abstract number representations. However, noninvasive electrophysiological and neuroimaging studies, along with psychophysical investigations, suggest that early visual areas such as V1 and V2 may play a role in processing visual numerosity, similar to the way low-level visual features are encoded. Recent research shows that the early visual cortex encodes information related to numerosity through the spatial frequency content of visual displays. Numerosity-tuned neurons, however, emerge later in the visual processing hierarchy, where more abstract and location-independent representations are formed in association areas such as the IPS and PFC. This is further supported by single-neuron data revealing spatiotopic integration and tuning curves for specific numerosities within these associative cortical regions. A comprehensive understanding of numerosity processing in the brain requires investigating numerosity presentations across time, space, and sensory modalities, all of which engage association cortices rather than sensory-specific regions.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"35 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144599552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Whisker pad stimulation with different frequencies reveals non-uniform modulation of functional MRI signal across sensory systems in awake rats. 不同频率的须垫刺激揭示了清醒大鼠感觉系统功能MRI信号的不均匀调制。

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf194

Jaakko Paasonen, Juha S Valjakka, Raimo A Salo, Ekaterina Paasonen, Heikki Tanila, Shalom Michaeli, Silvia Mangia, Olli Gröhn

{"title":"Whisker pad stimulation with different frequencies reveals non-uniform modulation of functional MRI signal across sensory systems in awake rats.","authors":"Jaakko Paasonen, Juha S Valjakka, Raimo A Salo, Ekaterina Paasonen, Heikki Tanila, Shalom Michaeli, Silvia Mangia, Olli Gröhn","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaf194","url":null,"abstract":"Primary sensory systems are traditionally considered separate units, but emerging evidence highlights notable interactions between them. Using a quiet and motion-tolerant zero-echo time functional magnetic resonance imaging technique, we examined brain-wide cross-sensory responses to whisker pad stimulation in awake and anesthetized rats. Our results indicate that whisker pad stimulation activated not only the whisker-mediated tactile system, but also auditory, visual, high-order, and cerebellar regions, demonstrating brain-wide cross-sensory and associative activity. Based on response characteristics, non-core regions responded to stimulation in a markedly different way compared to the primary sensory system, likely reflecting distinct encoding modes among primary sensory, cross-sensory, and integrative processing. Lastly, while low-order sensory activity was detectable under anesthesia, high-order processing and the complex differences between primary, cross-sensory, and associative systems were evident only in the awake state. This study reveals novel aspects of the cross-sensory interplay of the whisker-mediated tactile system and underscores the challenges of observing these phenomena in anesthetized rats.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"35 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neural and computational mechanisms of loss aversion in smartphone addiction. 智能手机成瘾中损失厌恶的神经和计算机制。

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf150

Jinlian Wang, Chang Liu, Xiang Li, Yuanyuan Gao, Weipeng Jin, Pinchun Wang, Xuyi Chen, Qiang Wang

{"title":"Neural and computational mechanisms of loss aversion in smartphone addiction.","authors":"Jinlian Wang, Chang Liu, Xiang Li, Yuanyuan Gao, Weipeng Jin, Pinchun Wang, Xuyi Chen, Qiang Wang","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaf150","url":null,"abstract":"Smartphones have become integral to daily life, and their overuse can lead to various maladaptive behaviors and decision-making patterns. This study investigated the neural and computational mechanisms underlying smartphone addiction, focusing on its impact on loss-aversion decision-making. We combined computational models, such as the Drift Diffusion Model, with a novel analytic approach, intersubject representational similarity analysis (IS-RSA). Behavioral results showed that higher smartphone addiction symptom (SAS) scores were correlated with reduced loss-aversion (lnλ), while the drift rate was positively associated with SAS. Furthermore, the drift rate mediated the relationship between SAS and lnλ. Neuroimaging analyses revealed that SAS was associated with increased gain-related activity in the occipital pole (OP) but decreased activity in the precuneus and middle frontal gyrus. Additionally, reduced activity was observed in the angular gyrus and superior temporal gyrus during loss processing. IS-RSA further identified brain activation patterns in the default mode network, frontoparietal network, visual network, and sensorimotor network, which corresponded to intersubject variations in SAS, particularly during gain processing but not during loss processing. These patterns were also observed when gains and losses were processed simultaneously. Mediation analyses indicated that brain activation strengths in the OP, precuneus, and MFG during gain processing mediated the relationship between SAS and lnλ and drift rate. Similar mediation effects were observed for intersubject variations in SAS and computational process patterns (eg decision threshold, drift rate, and nondecision time) within these networks. These findings provide novel insights into the neural and computational mechanisms of loss aversion in smartphone addiction, with implications for understanding cognitive biases and informing interventions for addictive behaviors.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"35 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144293286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neurophysiological evidence of romantic love- and maternal love-specific vicarious risk and outcome processing during dynamic decision-making. 动态决策过程中浪漫爱情和母爱特定替代风险和结果处理的神经生理学证据。

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf149

Qian Zhuang, Zhaojia Gu, Bihuan Lai, Matthew Lock, Shuaiyu Chen

{"title":"Neurophysiological evidence of romantic love- and maternal love-specific vicarious risk and outcome processing during dynamic decision-making.","authors":"Qian Zhuang, Zhaojia Gu, Bihuan Lai, Matthew Lock, Shuaiyu Chen","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf149","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf149","url":null,"abstract":"Vicarious decision-making is a fundamental to social interactions. Growing evidence suggests that the neural mechanisms underlying such decisions may vary according to interpersonal relationship types. However, the specific modulatory effects of romantic love on vicarious risk assessment and outcome evaluation during dynamic decision-making remain unclear. Against this background, we employed a computerized gambling task combined with electroencephalography (EEG) to examine the neurophysiological correlates of romantic love's influence on vicarious decision processes in romantically involved young adults (n = 40) while also investigating comparative effects of maternal love. Our results showed relationship-specific risk cues and outcome processing patterns during vicarious decision-making. In detail, we found enhanced N100 and late positive potential (LPP) amplitudes for romantic partner at the cue phase but increased P300 amplitudes to wins and attenuated LPP amplitudes to losses for mother at the feedback phase. Additionally, oscillatory analysis revealed reduced alpha band oscillation for self versus strangers and attenuated theta band oscillation for partners relative to mothers during low-risk conditions. Together, these findings demonstrate that vicarious risk and outcome processing are fundamentally shaped by interpersonal relationships, with romantic partners and mothers eliciting qualitatively distinct neural response patterns in romantically involved individuals.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"35 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of the monkey orbitofrontal cortex in processing the choice history during reward-based decision-making. 猴子眼窝额叶皮层在基于奖励的决策过程中处理选择历史的作用。

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf147

Moegi Higuchi, Tsuyoshi Setogawa, Takuto Izawa, Jumpei Matsumoto, Narihisa Matsumoto, Munetaka Shidara, Hiroshi Nishimaru

{"title":"Role of the monkey orbitofrontal cortex in processing the choice history during reward-based decision-making.","authors":"Moegi Higuchi, Tsuyoshi Setogawa, Takuto Izawa, Jumpei Matsumoto, Narihisa Matsumoto, Munetaka Shidara, Hiroshi Nishimaru","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaf147","url":null,"abstract":"Decision-making is typically influenced by past choices. Previous studies have shown that the activity of neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), which is involved in reward value coding, can be modulated by the reward values of previously chosen options. To further explore how the OFC processes the history of choice-related factors (HCF) from past choices, we analyzed the neuronal activity recorded in the monkey OFC during a decision-making task in which the monkeys could choose between two options based on their reward values. We found that the activity of over 70% of neurons was better explained by models that incorporated HCF than by models without it. The activity of these neurons during current choice was influenced by HCF in the previous trial. Additionally, some types of HCF were represented in these neurons between trials, suggesting that this information was maintained in the OFC and used to guide future decisions. Furthermore, a significant difference was observed in the choice reaction times between trials sorted by HCF. Pharmacological inactivation of the OFC by muscimol infusion eliminated such behavioral differences. These results indicate that HCF-modulated OFC activity contributes to the behavioral bias during current decision-making.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"35 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functional reconfiguration between rest and movie watching relates to theory-of-mind performance among young and older adults. 休息和看电影之间的功能重构与年轻人和老年人的心理理论表现有关。

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf131

Colleen Hughes, Roberto C French, Richard Betzel, Anne C Krendl

{"title":"Functional reconfiguration between rest and movie watching relates to theory-of-mind performance among young and older adults.","authors":"Colleen Hughes, Roberto C French, Richard Betzel, Anne C Krendl","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf131","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf131","url":null,"abstract":"Functional connectivity among macroscale brain networks is minimally modified across rest and task states, suggesting a shared functional architecture supporting efficient neural processing. The extent of reconfiguration (ie change between states), moreover, shows individual variation, with less reconfiguration generally being associated with better task performance. Older adults reconfigure more than young adults when completing goal-directed tasks with known age deficits. Less is known about task states that more closely mirror the complexity of daily life. Thus, we examined reconfiguration between rest and passive viewing of a mockumentary television show, involving richly contextualized social interactions, among young (18 to 35 years; N = 101) and older (61 to 92 years; N = 83) adults. Then, we related reconfiguration to participants' accurate understanding of those social interactions (theory of mind) on a novel task conducted outside of the scanner. Consistent with prior work, older adults exhibited greater cortical reconfiguration and worse theory-of-mind performance compared to young adults. Greater reconfiguration related to worse theory-of-mind performance, and the default and frontoparietal networks most strongly contributed to this association. These findings provide greater insight into how reduced neural specializations with age disrupt social cognition even in the absence of an explicit task.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"35 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12141200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hyper-extralemniscal model of Fragile X syndrome. 脆性X综合征的超椎外模型。

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf141

Makoto Miyakoshi, Hyeonseok Kim, Lisa A De Stefano, Lauren M Schmitt, Jordan E Norris, Lauren E Ethridge, Craig A Erickson, Ernest V Pedapati

{"title":"Hyper-extralemniscal model of Fragile X syndrome.","authors":"Makoto Miyakoshi, Hyeonseok Kim, Lisa A De Stefano, Lauren M Schmitt, Jordan E Norris, Lauren E Ethridge, Craig A Erickson, Ernest V Pedapati","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf141","DOIUrl":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf141","url":null,"abstract":"Auditory hypersensitivity is a well-established phenotype of Fragile X syndrome (FXS), but how it relates to neurobehavioral biomarkers remains poorly understood. To offer an integrated model, we propose a dual thalamic framework with hypo-lemniscal (LEM) and hyper-extralemniscal (EXLEM) thalamic models. Traditional FXS studies may have been conflating LEM and EXLEM systems, misrepresenting the origins of the hypersensitivity. We hypothesize that hyper-EXLEM pathology impacts FXS symptoms more. To test this hypothesis, we first review the dual thalamic systems and then demonstrate the hypo-LEM and hyper-EXLEM models in individuals with FXS. We use a 40 Hz auditory steady-state response (ie LEM responses) paradigm with relatively long (1.5 to 3 s) stimulus and interstimulus intervals to evoke N1/P2 as Vertex Potentials (VPs, ie EXLEM responses) for onset and offset of the stimulus. We analyzed electroencephaogram (EEG) responses from 29 FXS and 33 healthy comparison individuals. Results showed lower intertrial coherence (ITC) in FXS, consistent with hypo-LEM predictions, and larger vertex potentials consistent with hyper-EXLEM predictions. Correlation analyses revealed that enhanced VPs classified FXS males more sensitively than ITC. These findings indicate that hyperreactivity of the EXLEM system is more dominantly related to FXS, which can provide a more accurate account for guiding diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"35 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12167856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to: Impact of working memory training on brain network integration and neurotransmitter systems: a resting-state fMRI study. 修正：工作记忆训练对大脑网络整合和神经递质系统的影响：一项静息状态功能磁共振成像研究。

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf172

引用次数: 0

Dissecting the shared genetic architecture of schizophrenia with ventricular subregion volumes. 剖析具有心室亚区体积的精神分裂症的共同遗传结构。

IF 2.9 2区医学

Cerebral cortex Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf132

Qi Zhang, Zimeng Li, Peng Zhao, Xuelai Liu, Zhe-Wu Jin

{"title":"Dissecting the shared genetic architecture of schizophrenia with ventricular subregion volumes.","authors":"Qi Zhang, Zimeng Li, Peng Zhao, Xuelai Liu, Zhe-Wu Jin","doi":"10.1093/cercor/bhaf132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaf132","url":null,"abstract":"Schizophrenia is characterized by cerebral ventricular enlargement as an early and consistent structural anomaly. While genetic factors significantly influence both schizophrenia and cerebral ventricular enlargement, the shared genetic etiology between them requires further investigation. Using summary statistics from recent large genome-wide association studies on schizophrenia and 9 ventricular subregion volumes phenotypes. Gaussian causal mixture modeling was applied to characterize the genetic architecture and overlap between schizophrenia and ventricular subregion volumes phenotypes. Local genetic correlation was investigated with Local Analysis of Variant Association. The conjunctional false discovery rate framework was used to identify the specific shared genetic loci, annotated with FUMA. Gaussian causal mixture modeling estimated schizophrenia to be more polygenic more polygenic (9574 trait-influencing variants) than ventricular subregion volumes phenotypes (157-1267 trait-influencing variants). Conjunctional false discovery rate analysis identified 42 shared genetic loci, 17 loci were identified as novel for both schizophrenia and the ventricular subregion volumes phenotypes. Local Analysis of Variant Association revealed that 11 distinct loci demonstrated significant differences, among which 4 loci were situated in the Major Histocompatibility Complex region. Annotated genes in shared loci were enriched in molecular signaling pathways involved in inflammation and the brain structure. The shared loci between them were annotated and enriched in Major Histocompatibility Complex and inflammation-related pathways, highlighting new opportunities for future investigation.","PeriodicalId":9715,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral cortex","volume":"35 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0