{"title":"Molecular Prospective on Malignant Transformation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: An Issue in Cell Therapy.","authors":"Maryam Kaviani, Saeede Soleimanian, Somayeh Keshtkar, Negar Azarpira, Zahra Asvar, Sara Pakbaz","doi":"10.1089/cell.2024.0026","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cell.2024.0026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) therapy, as a rapidly developing area of medicine, holds great promise for the treatment of a variety of medical conditions. MSCs are multipotent stem cells that can be isolated from various tissues and could self-renew and differentiate. They secrete cytokines and trophic factors that create a regenerative microenvironment and have immunomodulatory properties. Although clinical trials have been conducted with MSCs in various diseases, concerns regarding the possibility of malignant transformation of these cells have been raised. The studies showed a higher rate of hematological malignancy and carcinogenesis in experimental models after MSC transplantation. The mechanisms underlying malignant transformation of MSCs are complex and not fully understood, but they are believed to involve the presence of special signaling molecules and alterations in cell behavior regulation pathways. Possible pathways that lead to MSCs' oncogenic transformation occur through two mechanisms: spontaneous and stimulated malignant transformation, including cell fusion, fusion proteins, and the tumor microenvironment. MSC-based therapies have the potential to revolutionize medicine, and addressing the issue of malignancy is crucial to ensure their safety and efficacy. Therefore, the purpose of the present review is to summarize the potential mechanisms of the malignant transformation of MSCs. [Figure: see text].</p>","PeriodicalId":9708,"journal":{"name":"Cellular reprogramming","volume":"26 3","pages":"96-106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucas Ferioli Catelli, Péricles Natan Mendes da Costa, Felipe Augusto Rós, Evandra Strazza Rodrigues, Fernanda Ferreira Ursoli, Flávia Leite Souza Santos, Mayra Dorigan, Lílian Maria de Castilho, Dimas Tadeu Covas, Simone Kashima
{"title":"Highly Defined Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines Mimic Donor Red Blood Cell Antigen Profiles for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Use.","authors":"Lucas Ferioli Catelli, Péricles Natan Mendes da Costa, Felipe Augusto Rós, Evandra Strazza Rodrigues, Fernanda Ferreira Ursoli, Flávia Leite Souza Santos, Mayra Dorigan, Lílian Maria de Castilho, Dimas Tadeu Covas, Simone Kashima","doi":"10.1089/cell.2024.0018","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cell.2024.0018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our group generated two induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines for <i>in vitro</i> red blood cell (RBC) production from blood donors with extensively known erythrocyte antigen profiles. One line was intended to give rise to RBCs for transfusions in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), while the other was developed to create RBC panel reagents. Two blood donors were selected based on their RBC phenotypes, further complemented by high-throughput DNA array analysis to obtain a more comprehensive erythrocyte antigen profile. Enriched erythroblast populations from the donors' peripheral blood mononuclear cells were reprogrammed into iPSCs using nonintegrative plasmid vectors. The iPSC lines were characterized and subsequently subjected to hematopoietic differentiation. iPSC PB02 and iPSC PB12 demonstrated <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> iPSC features and retained the genotype of each blood donor's RBC antigen profile. Colony-forming cell assays confirmed that iPSC PB02 and iPSC PB12 generated hematopoietic progenitors. These two iPSC lines were generated with defined erythrocyte antigen profiles, self-renewal capacity, and hematopoietic differentiation potential. With improvements in hematopoietic differentiation, these cells could potentially be more efficiently differentiated into RBCs in the future. They could serve as a complementary approach for obtaining donor-independent RBCs and addressing specific demands for blood transfusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9708,"journal":{"name":"Cellular reprogramming","volume":"26 3","pages":"107-115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Revitalizing the Aging Immune System Through Selective Stem Cell Targeting.","authors":"Anna Konturek-Ciesla, David Bryder","doi":"10.1089/cell.2024.0029","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cell.2024.0029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The interplay between aging and immune system deterioration presents a formidable challenge to human health, especially in the context of a globally aging population. Aging is associated with a decline in the body's ability to combat infections and an increased risk of various diseases, underlining the importance of rejuvenating the immune system as a strategy for promoting healthier aging. In issue 628 of Nature (2024), Ross et al. present a compelling study that introduces a novel strategy for rejuvenating the aged immune system (Ross et al., 2024). By using antibodies to selectively eliminate \"aberrant\" hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), this research opens new avenues for addressing age-related immune deterioration.</p>","PeriodicalId":9708,"journal":{"name":"Cellular reprogramming","volume":"26 3","pages":"93-95"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cellular reprogrammingPub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2024-03-26DOI: 10.1089/cell.2024.0020
Luis G Palma, Anna Bigas
{"title":"Making Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells Without Transgenes.","authors":"Luis G Palma, Anna Bigas","doi":"10.1089/cell.2024.0020","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cell.2024.0020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Creating hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) capable of multilineage engraft while possessing the ability to self-renew stands as a pivotal achievement within the field of regenerative medicine. However, achieving the generation of these cells without transgene expression or teratoma formation has not been fully accomplished. In a recent publication featured in <i>Cell Stem Cell</i>, Piau et al. document the production of functional HSCs derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). They achieved this through a one-step differentiation protocol that notably does not require any transgene expression. hiPSCs-derived HSCs can engraft and self-renew upon serial transplantation and they are able to reconstitute lymphoid, myeloid, and erythroid compartments. This study presents a promising system to further study human HSC ontogeny, and it might represent a crucial step to obtain HSCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9708,"journal":{"name":"Cellular reprogramming","volume":" ","pages":"43-45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140287066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cellular reprogrammingPub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2024-01-31DOI: 10.1089/cell.2023.0116
Celia Fernandez-Rial, Miguel Fidalgo
{"title":"Induction of Transient Morula-Like Cells in Mice Through STAT3 Activation.","authors":"Celia Fernandez-Rial, Miguel Fidalgo","doi":"10.1089/cell.2023.0116","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cell.2023.0116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developing <i>in vitro</i> cell models that faithfully replicate the molecular and functional traits of cells from the earliest stages of mammalian development presents a significant challenge. The strategic induction of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation, coupled with carefully defined culture conditions, facilitates the efficient reprogramming of mouse pluripotent cells into a transient morula-like cell (MLC) state. The resulting MLCs closely mirror their <i>in vivo</i> counterparts, exhibiting not only molecular resemblance but also the ability to differentiate into both embryonic and extraembryonic lineages. This reprogramming approach provides valuable insights into controlled cellular fate choice and opens new opportunities for studying early developmental processes in a dish.</p>","PeriodicalId":9708,"journal":{"name":"Cellular reprogramming","volume":" ","pages":"8-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139650333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Partial Reprogramming as a Method for Regenerating Neural Tissues in Aged Organisms.","authors":"Ali Saber Sichani, Somayeh Khoddam, Shayan Shakeri, Zahra Tavakkoli, Arad Ranji Jafroodi, Reza Dabbaghipour, Mohsen Sisakht, Jafar Fallahi","doi":"10.1089/cell.2023.0123","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cell.2023.0123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging causes numerous age-related diseases, leading the human species to death. Nevertheless, rejuvenating strategies based on cell epigenetic modifications are a possible approach to counteract disease progression while getting old. Cell reprogramming of adult somatic cells toward pluripotency ought to be a promising tool for age-related diseases. However, researchers do not have control over this process as cells lose their fate, and cause potential cancerous cells or unexpected cell phenotypes. Direct and partial reprogramming were introduced in recent years with distinctive applications. Although direct reprogramming makes cells lose their identity, it has various applications in regeneration medicine. Temporary and regulated <i>in vivo</i> overexpression of Yamanaka factors has been shown in several experimental contexts to be achievable and is used to rejuvenate mice models. This regeneration can be accomplished by altering the epigenetic adult cell signature to the signature of a younger cell. The greatest advantage of partial reprogramming is that this method does not allow cells to lose their identity when they are resetting their epigenetic clock. It is a regimen of short-term Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc expression <i>in vivo</i> that prevents full reprogramming to the pluripotent state and avoids both tumorigenesis and the presence of unwanted undifferentiated cells. We know that many neurological age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, stroke, dementia, and Parkinson's disease, are the main cause of death in the last decades of life. Therefore, scientists have a special tendency regarding neuroregeneration methods to increase human life expectancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9708,"journal":{"name":"Cellular reprogramming","volume":"26 1","pages":"10-23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139912126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reprogramming Stars #14: Fast-Forwarding Cellular Reprogramming- An Interview with Dr. Mark Kotter.","authors":"Mark R Kotter, Carlos-Filipe Pereira","doi":"10.1089/cell.2024.29111.mk","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cell.2024.29111.mk","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9708,"journal":{"name":"Cellular reprogramming","volume":"26 1","pages":"2-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139912127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carolina Cano Macip, Rokib Hasan, Victoria Hoznek, Jihyun Kim, Yuancheng Ryan Lu, Louis E Metzger, Saumil Sethna, Noah Davidsohn
{"title":"Gene Therapy-Mediated Partial Reprogramming Extends Lifespan and Reverses Age-Related Changes in Aged Mice.","authors":"Carolina Cano Macip, Rokib Hasan, Victoria Hoznek, Jihyun Kim, Yuancheng Ryan Lu, Louis E Metzger, Saumil Sethna, Noah Davidsohn","doi":"10.1089/cell.2023.0072","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cell.2023.0072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging is a complex progression of changes best characterized as the chronic dysregulation of cellular processes leading to deteriorated tissue and organ function. Although aging cannot currently be prevented, its impact on life- and healthspan in the elderly can potentially be minimized by interventions that aim to return these cellular processes to optimal function. Recent studies have demonstrated that partial reprogramming using the Yamanaka factors (or a subset; <i>OCT4</i>, <i>SOX2,</i> and <i>KLF4; OSK)</i> can reverse age-related changes <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. However, it is still unknown whether the Yamanaka factors (or a subset) are capable of extending the lifespan of aged wild-type (WT) mice. In this study, we show that systemically delivered adeno-associated viruses, encoding an inducible OSK system, in 124-week-old male mice extend the median remaining lifespan by 109% over WT controls and enhance several health parameters. Importantly, we observed a significant improvement in frailty scores indicating that we were able to improve the healthspan along with increasing the lifespan. Furthermore, in human keratinocytes expressing exogenous OSK, we observed significant epigenetic markers of age reversal, suggesting a potential reregulation of genetic networks to a younger potentially healthier state. Together, these results may have important implications for the development of partial reprogramming interventions to reverse age-associated diseases in the elderly.</p>","PeriodicalId":9708,"journal":{"name":"Cellular reprogramming","volume":"26 1","pages":"24-32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10909732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139912125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cellular reprogrammingPub Date : 2024-02-01Epub Date: 2024-01-23DOI: 10.1089/cell.2023.0076
Jenin V Cortez, Kylie Hardwicke, Christopher G Grupen, Muren Herrid, Zoltan Machaty, Gábor Vajta
{"title":"Cloned Foal Born from Postmortem-Obtained Ear Sample Refrigerated for 5 Days Before Fibroblast Isolation and Decontamination of the Infected Monolayer Culture.","authors":"Jenin V Cortez, Kylie Hardwicke, Christopher G Grupen, Muren Herrid, Zoltan Machaty, Gábor Vajta","doi":"10.1089/cell.2023.0076","DOIUrl":"10.1089/cell.2023.0076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 6-year-old mare, a valuable polo horse, died of complications following postcolic surgery. To preserve its genetics, ear skin samples were collected immediately after death and stored in an equine embryo transfer medium at 4°C for 5 days. After trypsin digestion, monolayer fibroblast cultures were established, but signs of massive bacterial infection were found in all of them. As an ultimate attempt for rescue, rigorously and repeatedly washed cells were individually cultured in all wells of four 96-well dishes. New monolayers were established from the few wells without contamination and used for somatic cell nuclear transfer. Four of the six Day 7 blastocysts derived from 14 reconstructed zygotes were transferred in four naturally cycling mares on Day 5 after ovulation. The embryo transfers resulted in 2 pregnancies, one from a fresh and one from a vitrified blastocyst. The vitrified embryo transfer resulted in a healthy offspring, now 21 months old, genetically and phenotypically identical to the somatic cell donor animal.</p>","PeriodicalId":9708,"journal":{"name":"Cellular reprogramming","volume":" ","pages":"33-36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139542007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}