Cellular and molecular bioengineering最新文献

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Erratum: Publisher Correction: Multiscale ECM Stiffness Characterization and Quantitative Single-Cell Analysis Reveal ITGA3-Mediated Stiffness-Responsive Subpopulation Dynamics in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. 多尺度ECM刚度表征和定量单细胞分析揭示了itga3介导的甲状腺乳头状癌刚度响应亚群动力学。
IF 5 4区 医学
Cellular and molecular bioengineering Pub Date : 2026-04-22 eCollection Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-026-00904-2
Shengnan Tang, Yihong Huang, Xueyang Huang, Ling Chen, Xuegang Xin
{"title":"Erratum: Publisher Correction: Multiscale ECM Stiffness Characterization and Quantitative Single-Cell Analysis Reveal ITGA3-Mediated Stiffness-Responsive Subpopulation Dynamics in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.","authors":"Shengnan Tang, Yihong Huang, Xueyang Huang, Ling Chen, Xuegang Xin","doi":"10.1007/s12195-026-00904-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12195-026-00904-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12195-026-00895-0.].</p>","PeriodicalId":9687,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular bioengineering","volume":"19 2","pages":"205"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13129121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction: Cardiac Fibrosis: Mechanobiology, Epigenetics, and the Path to Precision Therapy. 修正:心脏纤维化:机械生物学、表观遗传学和精确治疗之路。
IF 5 4区 医学
Cellular and molecular bioengineering Pub Date : 2026-04-19 eCollection Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-026-00903-3
Mohammad Hamouz, Raneem Y Hammouz, Christine Caruana, Denise Micallef, Andrzej K Bednarek, Philip Dingli
{"title":"Correction: Cardiac Fibrosis: Mechanobiology, Epigenetics, and the Path to Precision Therapy.","authors":"Mohammad Hamouz, Raneem Y Hammouz, Christine Caruana, Denise Micallef, Andrzej K Bednarek, Philip Dingli","doi":"10.1007/s12195-026-00903-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12195-026-00903-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12195-026-00896-z.].</p>","PeriodicalId":9687,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular bioengineering","volume":"19 2","pages":"161"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13129157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Erratum: Publisher Correction: Assessing the Relationship Between Bladder Cancer Cell Contractile Phenotypes and Their Invasive Properties. 勘误:出版者更正:评估膀胱癌细胞收缩表型与其侵袭性之间的关系。
IF 5 4区 医学
Cellular and molecular bioengineering Pub Date : 2026-04-19 eCollection Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-026-00905-1
Laurence Carignan, Reza Alavi, Martial Millet, Mathilde Lavigne, Stéphane Chabaud, Marc-Étienne Huot, Stéphane Bolduc, François Bordeleau
{"title":"Erratum: Publisher Correction: Assessing the Relationship Between Bladder Cancer Cell Contractile Phenotypes and Their Invasive Properties.","authors":"Laurence Carignan, Reza Alavi, Martial Millet, Mathilde Lavigne, Stéphane Chabaud, Marc-Étienne Huot, Stéphane Bolduc, François Bordeleau","doi":"10.1007/s12195-026-00905-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12195-026-00905-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12195-026-00897-y.].</p>","PeriodicalId":9687,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular bioengineering","volume":"19 2","pages":"223"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13129128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction: Nanoparticle-Host Interactions: The Impact of Physiological and Pathological Factors on Biodistribution, Immune Processes, and Translational Challenges. 修正:纳米粒子-宿主相互作用:生理和病理因素对生物分布、免疫过程和转化挑战的影响。
IF 5 4区 医学
Cellular and molecular bioengineering Pub Date : 2026-04-16 eCollection Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-026-00901-5
Louay Abo Qoura, Dmitry Kostyushev, Alessandro Parodi, Daniel I Boyarintsev, Vladimir Chulanov, Vadim S Pokrovsky
{"title":"Correction: Nanoparticle-Host Interactions: The Impact of Physiological and Pathological Factors on Biodistribution, Immune Processes, and Translational Challenges.","authors":"Louay Abo Qoura, Dmitry Kostyushev, Alessandro Parodi, Daniel I Boyarintsev, Vladimir Chulanov, Vadim S Pokrovsky","doi":"10.1007/s12195-026-00901-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12195-026-00901-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12195-026-00888-z.].</p>","PeriodicalId":9687,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular bioengineering","volume":"19 2","pages":"249"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13129057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Erratum: Publisher Correction: FGF-2-Overexpressing Adipose-Derived Stem Cells as a Paracrine Platform for Angiogenesis-Driven Tissue Regeneration. 错误:出版商更正:fgf -2过表达脂肪来源的干细胞作为血管生成驱动的组织再生的旁分泌平台。
IF 5 4区 医学
Cellular and molecular bioengineering Pub Date : 2026-04-16 eCollection Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-026-00902-4
Daisuke Seki, Michiyo Honda
{"title":"Erratum: Publisher Correction: FGF-2-Overexpressing Adipose-Derived Stem Cells as a Paracrine Platform for Angiogenesis-Driven Tissue Regeneration.","authors":"Daisuke Seki, Michiyo Honda","doi":"10.1007/s12195-026-00902-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12195-026-00902-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12195-025-00883-w.].</p>","PeriodicalId":9687,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular bioengineering","volume":"19 2","pages":"251"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13129162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessing the Relationship Between Bladder Cancer cell Contractile Phenotypes and their Invasive Properties. 膀胱癌细胞收缩表型与其侵袭性的关系。
IF 5 4区 医学
Cellular and molecular bioengineering Pub Date : 2026-04-08 eCollection Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-026-00897-y
Laurence Carignan, Reza Alavi, Martial Millet, Mathilde Lavigne, Stéphane Chabaud, Marc-Étienne Huot, Stéphane Bolduc, François Bordeleau
{"title":"Assessing the Relationship Between Bladder Cancer cell Contractile Phenotypes and their Invasive Properties.","authors":"Laurence Carignan, Reza Alavi, Martial Millet, Mathilde Lavigne, Stéphane Chabaud, Marc-Étienne Huot, Stéphane Bolduc, François Bordeleau","doi":"10.1007/s12195-026-00897-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12195-026-00897-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Increased cell contractility is considered a hallmark of highly aggressive tumor cells in several cancers. However, the relationship between cell contractility and cancer invasiveness in bladder cancer (BLCA) remains understudied, despite the fact that BLCA is the 6th most prevalent cancer with high risk of recurrence. Here, we explore the relationship between the contractile phenotype of cancer cells and their invasiveness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The invasive potential of five BLCA cell lines (RT4, SW-780, SW-1710, MGH-U3 and T24) was investigated using transwell and 3D spheroid invasion assays. Cell contractility was measured using traction force microscopy, 3D collagen gel compaction and quantitative polarized light microscopy of spheroids. Mechanotransduction was measured by YAP nuclear translocation and stiffness-mediated cell migration was investigated on stiffness-gradient substrates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that the T24 and MGH-U3 cell lines were capable of invasion, while SW-780, RT4, and SW-1710 were non-invasive. The invasive cell lines exerted higher traction forces on their surrounding environment compared to their non-invasive counterparts. Furthermore, the invasive cell lines exhibited increased YAP nuclear translocation on stiffer substrate. When seeded on a stiffness-gradient substrate, invasive cell lines preferred high stiffnesses, whereas non-invasive cell lines migrated towards low-to-mid stiffness substrates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings uncover the relationship between the invasiveness of BLCA cell lines and their contractile phenotypes. We also show that a single assay is not sufficient to infer on a given aggressive phenotype. Furthermore, this study provides a comparative baseline for these cell lines to expand mechanobiology-related investigation in BLCA.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-026-00897-y.</p>","PeriodicalId":9687,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular bioengineering","volume":"19 2","pages":"207-221"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13128998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Graphene Nanoplatelets Suppress Foam Cell Formation and Atherogenic Inflammation in Macrophages. 石墨烯纳米血小板抑制巨噬细胞泡沫细胞形成和动脉粥样硬化炎症。
IF 5 4区 医学
Cellular and molecular bioengineering Pub Date : 2026-04-03 eCollection Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-026-00899-w
Farizah Hanim Lat, Ahmad Naqib Shuid, Mohd Yusmaidie Aziz, Muhammad Azrul Zabidi, Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli, Rafeezul Mohamed
{"title":"Graphene Nanoplatelets Suppress Foam Cell Formation and Atherogenic Inflammation in Macrophages.","authors":"Farizah Hanim Lat, Ahmad Naqib Shuid, Mohd Yusmaidie Aziz, Muhammad Azrul Zabidi, Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli, Rafeezul Mohamed","doi":"10.1007/s12195-026-00899-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12195-026-00899-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Scope: </strong>Foam cell formation is a hallmark of early atherosclerosis, driving plaque development and chronic vascular inflammation. These lipid-engorged macrophages form through excessive uptake of oxidised low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and play a central role in disease progression. Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), known for their high surface area and biocompatibility, have emerged as promising nanomaterials for biomedical intervention. This study evaluates the potential of GNPs to prevent atherosclerosis by targeting foam cell formation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Computational analyses, including molecular docking and dynamics simulations, were used to assess the binding affinity of GNPs with key atherogenic proteins such as apolipoprotein B and the LDL receptor. GNPs were structurally characterised using Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. In vitro assays were conducted on RAW264.7 macrophages to assess cytotoxicity, lipid accumulation, cholesterol levels, cytokine production, and gene expression after treatment with GNPs (1 μg/mL) and oxLDL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GNPs exhibited strong binding affinity to apoB and the LDL receptor, suggesting potential interference with lipid uptake. Structural analyses confirmed the integrity and purity of the GNPs. In vitro, GNPs showed no cytotoxic effects and significantly reduced lipid accumulation and intracellular cholesterol levels in oxLDL-treated macrophages. They also suppressed the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFNγ, IL-6, IL-1β) and downregulated genes associated with foam cell formation (IL-1β, ACAT-1, CD36), while upregulating ABCA1, a key gene involved in cholesterol efflux.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings demonstrate that GNPs effectively inhibit foam cell formation, reduce atherogenic inflammation, and enhance lipid clearance in macrophages. GNPs represent a promising nanotherapeutic strategy for the prevention of atherosclerosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9687,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular bioengineering","volume":"19 2","pages":"225-248"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13129170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cardiac Fibrosis: Mechanobiology, Epigenetics, and the Path to Precision Therapy. 心脏纤维化:机械生物学、表观遗传学和精确治疗之路。
IF 5 4区 医学
Cellular and molecular bioengineering Pub Date : 2026-04-02 eCollection Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-026-00896-z
Mohammad Hamouz, Raneem Y Hammouz, Christine Caruana, Denise Micallef, Andrzej K Bednarek, Philip Dingli
{"title":"Cardiac Fibrosis: Mechanobiology, Epigenetics, and the Path to Precision Therapy.","authors":"Mohammad Hamouz, Raneem Y Hammouz, Christine Caruana, Denise Micallef, Andrzej K Bednarek, Philip Dingli","doi":"10.1007/s12195-026-00896-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12195-026-00896-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiac fibrosis represents a complex pathological process driven by persistent fibroblast activation, dysregulated cardiomyocyte-ECM crosstalk, and maladaptive mechanotransduction, ultimately resulting in myocardial stiffening and progressive heart failure. This review integrates insights from single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, biomechanical studies, and epigenetic profiling to illuminate the cellular heterogeneity and molecular circuits underlying fibrotic remodelling. We highlight emerging therapies including CRISPR-based gene editing, FAP-targeted CAR-T immunotherapy, nanomedicine for selective RNA delivery, and patient-derived cardiac organoids; that collectively position fibrosis as a reversible and actionable target. Finally, we discuss precision medicine strategies leveraging genomics, circulating biomarkers, artificial intelligence, and environmental risk assessment to deliver personalized anti-fibrotic interventions. By uniting mechanobiology, molecular engineering, and clinical innovation, this review charts a translational roadmap toward durable reversal of cardiac fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Graphical abstract: </strong></p>","PeriodicalId":9687,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular bioengineering","volume":"19 2","pages":"129-159"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13129132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multiscale ECM Stiffness Characterization and Quantitative Single-Cell Analysis Reveal ITGA3-Mediated Stiffness-Responsive Subpopulation Dynamics in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. 多尺度ECM刚度表征和定量单细胞分析揭示itga3介导的甲状腺乳头状癌刚度响应亚群动态。
IF 5 4区 医学
Cellular and molecular bioengineering Pub Date : 2026-03-09 eCollection Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-026-00895-0
Shengnan Tang, Yihong Huang, Xueyang Huang, Ling Chen, Xuegang Xin
{"title":"Multiscale ECM Stiffness Characterization and Quantitative Single-Cell Analysis Reveal ITGA3-Mediated Stiffness-Responsive Subpopulation Dynamics in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.","authors":"Shengnan Tang, Yihong Huang, Xueyang Huang, Ling Chen, Xuegang Xin","doi":"10.1007/s12195-026-00895-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12195-026-00895-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffening is a defining feature of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and influences the emergence of cancer cell subpopulations with distinct behaviors. While tissue-scale measurements provide important insights, they do not capture the local stiffness at the cellular scale, which defines the microenvironment that guides subpopulation organization through integrin-dependent mechanotransduction. This study aimed to quantitatively assess ECM stiffness across tissue and cellular scales and investigate how it shapes PTC subpopulation composition, focusing on integrin α3 (ITGA3) as a key mediator of stiffness-responsive cellular remodeling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Human PTC tissues were examined to assess ECM stiffness at multiple scales and to evaluate ITGA3 expression. A stiffness-mimicking hydrogel system was used to investigate how modulation of ITGA3 influences cellular responses to matrix rigidity. Single-cell imaging and computational analyses were applied to resolve stiffness-responsive cell-state patterns, and additional experiments were performed to further examine adhesion-associated functional effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ECM stiffness was elevated at both tissue and cellular scales in human PTC. Experimental models reproducing these stiffness conditions revealed that ITGA3 is required for cells to properly respond to a stiff mechanical environment. Single-cell analyses identified distinct stiffness-responsive subpopulations, and loss of ITGA3 disrupted their redistribution across different mechanical conditions. Additional perturbation experiments further supported a central role for ITGA3 in stiffness-responsive remodeling of cell states.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study integrates multi-scale stiffness measurements with single-cell analysis to reveal how ECM mechanics influence phenotypic heterogeneity in PTC. By identifying ITGA3 as a key mediator of stiffness-responsive remodeling, our findings link matrix stiffness with the organization of distinct cellular subpopulations. Together, these results provide conceptual insight into how the mechanical microenvironment shapes cell behavior in PTC.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-026-00895-0.</p>","PeriodicalId":9687,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular bioengineering","volume":"19 2","pages":"191-203"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13129120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative Evaluation of HepG2 Spheroid Generation Methods for Toxicology. HepG2球体生成方法毒理学比较评价。
IF 5 4区 医学
Cellular and molecular bioengineering Pub Date : 2026-03-04 eCollection Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-026-00894-1
Sarah Planchak, Alejandra Hernandez Moyers, Yiyin Chen, Owen Lockwood, Anubhav Tripathi
{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of HepG2 Spheroid Generation Methods for Toxicology.","authors":"Sarah Planchak, Alejandra Hernandez Moyers, Yiyin Chen, Owen Lockwood, Anubhav Tripathi","doi":"10.1007/s12195-026-00894-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12195-026-00894-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Three-dimensional liver spheroids provide physiologically relevant models for studying hepatocyte function and drug-induced liver injury, yet inconsistencies in formation methods hinder reproducibility across laboratories.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To address this, we systematically compared HepG2 spheroid culture approaches-35 and 96 microwell agarose gels, microwell and single-well ultra-low attachment (ULA) plates, and hanging drop-across a range of seeding densities and culture durations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Morphological and functional analyses revealed that spheroid geometry, which governs nutrient and oxygen diffusion, strongly influenced hepatocyte-like function: 35-microwell agarose gels produced the most circular spheroids and exhibited significantly higher albumin secretion and ATP production than plate-based methods. However, no method fully combined repeatability, throughput, and functional robustness; instead, each platform presented distinct advantages and limitations in different areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An optimal method depends on application-specific priorities (e.g. throughput, cost, or physiological function). This comparative analysis establishes a quantitative framework for optimizing spheroid culture method selection and underscores the need for hybrid approaches that integrate the scalability of plate-based methods with the functional performance of agarose-based systems. By improving the reproducibility of in vitro hepatic models, this work supports the development of standardized, high-content platforms for investigating liver metabolism, toxicity, and therapeutic response in human disease research and drug discovery.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-026-00894-1.</p>","PeriodicalId":9687,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and molecular bioengineering","volume":"19 2","pages":"175-189"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13129013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147811620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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