Cell Biochemistry and Function最新文献

{"title":"Oral Calcium Supplements With L-Proline and Sodium Zinc Chlorophyllin Preserve Elevated Transepithelial Calcium Transport in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats","authors":"Pornpailin Upanan,&nbsp;Kannikar Wongdee,&nbsp;Surathouch Thongprong,&nbsp;Nithipak Thammayon,&nbsp;Jarinthorn Teerapornpuntakit,&nbsp;Wacharaporn Tiyasatkulkovit,&nbsp;Surachai Chantip,&nbsp;Wasutorn Chankamngoen,&nbsp;Tanapan Siangcham,&nbsp;Waranurin Yisarakun,&nbsp;Nattapon Panupinthu,&nbsp;Sakamon Devahastin,&nbsp;Narattaphol Charoenphandhu","doi":"10.1002/cbf.70256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbf.70256","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hypertensive rodents often exhibit bone loss and osteopenia with impaired bone formation. We hypothesized that spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) could compensate for osteopathy through certain mechanisms, particularly intestinal calcium absorption. However, this calcium transport may be suppressed after long-term exposure to high luminal calcium levels during calcium supplementation through a molecular mechanism known as calcium-dependent inactivation of calcium channels. Herein, we designed calcium-rich formulations—that is, 14 mM CaCl₂ + 12 mM <span>l</span>-Proline +20 µM sodium zinc chlorophyllin (CaA) and 14 mM CaCl₂ + 12 mM <span>l</span>-Proline +60 µM sodium zinc chlorophyllin (CaB), with a total elemental calcium amount of &lt; 16 mg/kg/day—administered orally to SHR and wild-type rats (WT), aiming to avoid suppressing the calcium transport rate. We found that SHR had greater systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures than WT, while both CaA and CaB did not alter these parameters. Using an Ussing chamber with ⁴⁵Ca radioactive tracer, both regimens did not affect the enhanced transepithelial calcium transport in the duodenum of SHR, although they increased epithelial potential difference and short-circuit current, indicators of electrogenic ion fluxes. Meanwhile, they did not alter mRNA expression levels of calcium transporters or tight junction components in the mucosal cells. In conclusion, unlike the known suppressive effects of certain calcium compounds on calcium absorption, oral administration using CaA and CaB formulations maintained high transport rates in SHR. This finding helps provide a basis for further clinical investigation into the optimization of calcium supplementation, particularly in the context of hypertension and osteoporosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"44 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148357959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosomal MicroRNA-424-5p From Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Follicular Fluid Attenuates Ovarian Inflammation via Targeting the Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 Axis","authors":"Dong Yuan,&nbsp;Xiaoming Hao,&nbsp;Jing Luo,&nbsp;Yi Liu,&nbsp;Pingjie Du,&nbsp;Zhu Yang","doi":"10.1002/cbf.70248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbf.70248","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sustained low-grade inflammation is increasingly recognized as a central element in how polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) develops. Here we set out to clarify what role follicular fluid (FF)-borne exosomal miR-424-5p plays in shaping ovarian inflammation and how this ties in with the ovulatory problems seen in PCOS. Across FF samples taken from patients, miR-424-5p levels tracked inversely with pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations to a striking degree. When granulosa cells (GCs) were challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), delivering exosomal miR-424-5p dampened cytokine release and restored the expression of ovulation-linked genes. Using a dual-luciferase reporter assay, we traced this effect to FGF2, which miR-424-5p binds directly, and we found FGF2/FGFR1 signaling to be conspicuously raised in PCOS. In dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-treated rats modeling the syndrome, giving exosomal miR-424-5p eased ovarian inflammation and brought back part of the lost ovulatory capacity. Taken together, the data suggest that exosomal miR-424-5p tempers ovarian inflammation in PCOS by holding the FGF2/FGFR1 axis in check, which casts fresh light on the follicular abnormalities that mark this condition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"44 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148357971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicity of Organic Acids Leading to Renal Dysfunction in Glutaric Acidemia Type I: A Mini Review","authors":"Luísa Tedesco,&nbsp;Gillian Guerreiro,&nbsp;Bianca Gomes dos Reis,&nbsp;Franciele Fátima Lopes,&nbsp;Debora Tonelotto,&nbsp;Luiza Wailer,&nbsp;Ana Kalise Böttcher,&nbsp;Marina Acosta,&nbsp;Carmen Regla Vargas","doi":"10.1002/cbf.70253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbf.70253","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Glutaric Acidemia type I is an inborn error of metabolism that impairs the metabolism of lysine, hydroxylysine, and tryptophan, leading to neurologic and, as more recently described, acute and chronic kidney damage. This mini review explores the available literature regarding renal impairment in GA-1 and highlights the possible mechanisms involved. Most case reports regarding patients presenting acute kidney dysfunction indicate the tubules as the main site of impairment, which was also found in the animal model for this disease, especially under metabolic decompensation. In addition to that, a mild progressive decline in glomerular filtration rates has been found in GA-1 patients, independently of treatment quality and neurologic outcomes. Taken together, such findings reveal the importance of further investigation on the association between GA-1 and kidney function, encompassing the need for adequate therapeutic approaches and biomarkers that target these alterations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"44 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148358182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of Three-Dimensional Cell Culture Techniques and Photobiomodulation for Supportive Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells into Smooth Muscle","authors":"Christevie Mbuyu,&nbsp;Heidi Abrahamse,&nbsp;Anine Crous","doi":"10.1002/cbf.70250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbf.70250","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Photobiomodulation (PBM) has gained recognition as a promising, non-invasive strategy to enhance the differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into smooth muscle cells (SMCs), particularly when used together with a three-dimensional (3D) hydrogel culture system. This review explores the key mechanisms by which PBM modulates cellular behavior, along with its role in the promotion of SMCs lineage commitment in ADSCs. We investigate the influence of various light parameters including wavelength, intensity, energy density, exposure time and duration on cell responses such as proliferation, metabolic activity, gene expression and functional maturation. Moreover, we scrutinize the different hydrogel scaffolds, their compositions and the respective effects on PBM efficacy and consequential cellular outcomes. We also highlight the importance of scaffold design in mimicking the native extracellular matrix and how along with certain mechanical cues, they play a vital role in supporting stem cell behavior. By identifying current challenges, gaps in the literature and proposing future recommendations; this review aims to provide insights into the optimization of PBM protocols to improve SMCs differentiation of ADSCs, ultimately with the intention of integrating PBM to optimize regenerative therapies for use in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering (TE) strategies for vascular conditions and other smooth muscle-related diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"44 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cbf.70250","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148358067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights on Endothelial Injury","authors":"Nektarios Barabutis","doi":"10.1002/cbf.70251","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbf.70251","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Endothelial barrier dysfunction is the hallmark of severe disease, including sepsis and lung injury. The present study summarizes recent advances in the development of pharmacotherapies to counteract endothelium-dependent disorders, highlighting recent findings in the field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"44 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148301144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracking the Trail of Monkeypox: From Origins to Outbreak Control","authors":"Asha Jangir,&nbsp;Abhishek Swami,&nbsp;Neha Kumari,&nbsp;Hritik Kumar,&nbsp;Hemant Arya,&nbsp;Nisha Yadav,&nbsp;Diwakar Kumar,&nbsp;Tarun Kumar Bhatt","doi":"10.1002/cbf.70239","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbf.70239","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Monkeypox virus (<i>MPXV</i>), a zoonotic viral disease first identified in 1958, has re-emerged as a major global health concern. The first human case was reported in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and since then, <i>MPXV</i> has demonstrated a clinical resemblance to smallpox, with transmission occurring through both animal-to-human and human-to-human contact. In 2022, the largest recorded outbreak resulted in over 30,000 cases across the Western Pacific, Asia, Europe, and the Americas. Subsequently, between 2022 and 2024, more than 100,000 confirmed cases were documented worldwide, leading the World Health Organization to declare <i>MPXV</i> a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) in August 2024. This review provides a comprehensive, up-to-date overview of <i>MPXV</i>, including its viral structure, life cycle, clinical manifestations, diagnostic strategies, vaccines, and emerging therapeutics. Furthermore, it examines current challenges in disease detection and control and identifies opportunities to strengthen surveillance, prevention, and treatment strategies. Overall, this article aims to serve as a consolidated resource on <i>MPXV</i>, highlighting its epidemiology, clinical significance, and implications for global public health preparedness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"44 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148257429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Affinity of Abelmoschus Esculentus Lectin for the Midpiece of Ovine Spermatozoa and Its Effects on Functional Parameters","authors":"Alessandra Cardoso da Silva,&nbsp;Antonio Sergio Varela Junior,&nbsp;Raqueli Teresinha França,&nbsp;Anthony Valverde,&nbsp;Luciano da Silva Pinto,&nbsp;Carine Dahl Corcini","doi":"10.1002/cbf.70247","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbf.70247","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that recognize specific glycan patterns on cell surfaces and have been increasingly explored as analytical tools in reproductive biology. This study characterized the interaction of a lectin isolated from <i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> seeds (AEL) with ovine spermatozoa and evaluated its compatibility with sperm functional parameters during short-term refrigeration. Eighteen ejaculates were diluted in a Tris–egg yolk extender supplemented with 0, 1, or 3 µg/mL AEL and stored at 5°C for 24 h. Sperm motility (CASA) and flow cytometry were used to assess plasma membrane integrity and fluidity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species production. Confocal microscopy was performed to determine the localization pattern of AEL binding. AEL labeling was predominantly restricted to the sperm midpiece region. Supplementation with AEL at the tested concentrations did not affect motility patterns, membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, or ROS levels after 24 h of storage (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). These findings indicate that AEL exhibits a consistent midpiece-associated binding pattern and does not compromise sperm functional parameters under refrigerated conditions. The results support the use of AEL as a compatible probe for investigating glycan distribution in the midpiece region of ram spermatozoa.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"44 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148257401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ATP Hydrolysis Gates an Ultra-Rapid Unwinding Mode of AfXPB Revealed by DNA Electrochemistry","authors":"Melodee O. Seifi,&nbsp;Victoria K. Wolf,&nbsp;Akbar Ali,&nbsp;Li Fan,&nbsp;Jason D. Slinker","doi":"10.1002/cbf.70244","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbf.70244","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>DNA helicases play a central role in DNA metabolism, enabling recombination, replication, transcription, translation, and repair. Recently, an unexpectedly rapid, exponential ATP-stimulated DNA unwinding rate was observed with an <i>Archaeoglobus fulgidus</i> helicase (AfXPB), markedly faster than that of conventional helicases, yet the mechanistic basis remains unresolved. Here, we distinguish the roles of ATP-helicase binding and ATP hydrolysis on the dynamic DNA unwinding activity of AfXPB via an electrochemical assay with redox-active DNA monolayers. To distinguish ATP-helicase binding from ATP hydrolysis, we employ a hydrolysis-resistant analog of ATP, adenylyl imidodiphosphate (AMP-PNP). AMP-PNP suppresses rapid unwinding kinetics, whereas ATP facilitates rapid AfXPB activity. AMP-PNP suppresses signal loss associated with helicase activity for several minutes, then instigates a slow exponential loss consistent with conventional helicase activity. Treating with ATP following AMP-PNP reproduces the characteristic fast-decay, recovery, and slow-decay kinetic sequence observed in ATP-only experiments, with slower rates for each mode. Importantly, this study demonstrates that the ATPase cycle is key to AfXPB's rapid DNA-unwinding kinetics, informing the steps required to unlock its unique biological capabilities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"44 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148249363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticancer Therapeutic Potential of Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants Against N-Nitrosodiethylamine-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis","authors":"Qsee H. S,&nbsp;Prasad Kisan Tambe,&nbsp;Sachin Shetty,&nbsp;Maya P. Shetty,&nbsp;Anjali Singh,&nbsp;Komal Rana,&nbsp;Sanjay Bharati","doi":"10.1002/cbf.70245","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbf.70245","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (MTAs) accumulate in mitochondria to mitigate mitochondrial oxidative stress. The present study investigates the anticancer therapeutic potential of two MTAs, MitoQ, and Mito-TEMPO, in rodent <i>N-nitrosodiethylamine</i>-induced hepatic cancer. Tumor-bearing male Wistar rats were treated with MitoQ (0.125 mg/kg b.w. orally), Mito-TEMPO (0.100 mg/kg b.w. intraperitoneally), or their combination for 6 weeks. The therapeutic effects of these MTAs were assessed in terms of total tumor number, multiplicity, and dielectric properties. Inflammatory level, DNA damage, apoptotic, and cell proliferation markers were assessed using ELISA and immunohistochemistry. Mitochondrial oxidative stress, activities of mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes, and electron transport chain enzymes were assessed using biochemical methods. Results revealed a significant (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) reduction in total number of tumors and tumor multiplicity, improved mitochondrial antioxidant system, electron transport, membrane potential and a significant (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) decrease in mitochondrial LPO and mitochondrial ROS when compared to untreated Tumor group. Furthermore, treatment significantly (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) modulated the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, 8-OHdG, bax, caspase-3, PCNA, Ki67, connexin, and cadherin proteins in tumors. In conclusion, both MitoQ and Mito-TEMPO have appreciable anticancer therapeutic potential against <i>N-nitrosodiethylamine-</i>induced hepatic cancer. The combination treatment of these two MTAs also exhibited additive anticancer therapeutic potential on tumor profile. Therefore, MTA-based anticancer therapy approach holds a promising future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"44 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148249325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted Micronutrient Supplementation in Diabetic Retinopathy With MTHFR Polymorphisms: Biomarker Shifts and Clinical Uncertainty","authors":"Mohamed MSA.","doi":"10.1002/cbf.70243","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbf.70243","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Disturbances in one-carbon metabolism, endothelial signaling, oxidative stress, and coagulation balance are central features of diabetes-associated microvascular disease, and targeted micronutrient supplementation—including <span>L</span>-methylfolate, methylcobalamin, pyridoxal-5′-phosphate, antioxidants, and thiol donors—may modulate homocysteine remethylation, endothelial function, and angiogenic signaling. In a 6-month pilot study of ten patients with type 2 diabetes, mild diabetic retinopathy, and MTHFR polymorphisms, micronutrient supplementation was associated with a 23% reduction in serum homocysteine, a 47% decrease in plasma VEGF, and a 15% increase in <span>D</span>-dimer, biomarker shifts that are mechanistically consistent with modulation of homocysteine metabolism, oxidative stress, endothelial signaling, and fibrin turnover. Interpretation of these findings is limited by the small sample size, absence of a control group, lack of functional vascular or imaging endpoints, and incomplete coagulation assessment, as <span>D</span>-dimer elevations alone cannot distinguish enhanced fibrin clearance from increased thrombotic risk. While homocysteine-lowering effects were biochemically evident, they should be contextualized within prior large-scale trials demonstrating discordance between total homocysteine reduction and cardiovascular outcomes, and consideration of downstream metabolites, such as homocysteine-thiolactone, N-homocysteinylated proteins, and S-adenosylhomocysteine, may provide additional mechanistic insight. Collectively, these findings are hypothesis-generating, reflecting biochemical engagement of relevant vascular pathways rather than confirmed clinical benefit, and underscore the need for future randomized, genotype-stratified studies incorporating serial biomarker and functional assessments to establish the physiological and therapeutic relevance of targeted micronutrient interventions in diabetic microvascular disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"44 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148249498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}