Irfan Khan, Rabbia Muneer, Rida-e-Maria Qazi, Asmat Salim
{"title":"Pharmacological activation of mesenchymal stem cells increases gene expression pattern of cell adhesion molecules and fusion with neonatal cardiomyocytes","authors":"Irfan Khan, Rabbia Muneer, Rida-e-Maria Qazi, Asmat Salim","doi":"10.1002/cbf.4090","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbf.4090","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cellular therapy is considered a better option for the treatment of degenerative disorders. Different cell types are being used for tissue regeneration. Despite extensive research in this field, several issues remain to be addressed concerning cell transplantation. One of these issues is the survival and homing of administered cells in the injured tissue, which depends on the ability of these cells to adhere. To enhance cell adherence and survival, Rap1 GTPase was activated in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as well as in cardiomyocytes (CMs) by using 8-pCPT-2′-O-Me-cAMP, and the effect on gene expression dynamics was determined through quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis. Pharmacological activation of MSCs and CMs resulted in the upregulation of connexin-43 and cell adhesion genes, which increased the cell adhesion ability of MSCs and CMs, and increased the fusion of MSCs with neonatal CMs. Treating stem cells with a pharmacological agent that activates Rap1a before transplantation can enhance their fusion with CMs and increase cellular regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"42 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141554222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alessia Mariano, Sergio Ammendola, Arianna Migliorini, Martina Leopizzi, Domenico Raimondo, Anna Scotto d'Abusco
{"title":"Intron retention in PI-PLC γ1 mRNA as a key mechanism affecting MMP expression in human primary fibroblast-like synovial cells","authors":"Alessia Mariano, Sergio Ammendola, Arianna Migliorini, Martina Leopizzi, Domenico Raimondo, Anna Scotto d'Abusco","doi":"10.1002/cbf.4091","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbf.4091","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The intron retention (IR) is a phenomenon utilized by cells to allow diverse fates at the same mRNA, leading to a different pattern of synthesis of the same protein. In this study, we analyzed the modulation of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) enzymes by <i>Harpagophytum procumbens</i> extract (HPE) in synoviocytes from joins of osteoarthritis (OA) patients. In some samples, the PI-PLC γ1 isoform mature mRNA showed the IR and, in these synoviocytes, the HPE treatment increased the phenomenon. Moreover, we highlighted that as a consequence of IR, a lower amount of PI-PLC γ1 was produced. The decrease of PI-PLC γ1 was associated with the decrease of metalloprotease-3 (MMP-3), and MMP-13, and ADAMTS-5 after HPE treatment. The altered expression of MMPs is a hallmark of the onset and progression of OA, thus substances able to decrease their expression are very desirable. The interesting outcomes of this study are that 35% of analyzed synovial tissues showed the IR phenomenon in the PI-PLC γ1 mRNA and that the HPE treatment increased this phenomenon. For the first time, we found that the decrease of PI-PLC γ1 protein in synoviocytes interferes with MMP production, thus affecting the pathways involved in the MMP expression. This finding was validated by the silencing of PI-PLC γ1 in synoviocytes where the IR phenomenon was not present. Our results shed new light on the biochemical mechanisms involved in the degrading enzyme production in the joint of OA patients, suggesting a new therapeutic target and highlighting the importance of personalized medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"42 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141554221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of computer-assisted diagnosis model to classify follicular lymphoma histology","authors":"Pranshu Saxena, Sahil Kumar Aggarwal, Amit Sinha, Sandeep Saxena, Arun Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1002/cbf.4088","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbf.4088","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The field of image processing is experiencing significant advancements to support professionals in analyzing histological images obtained from biopsies. The primary objective is to enhance the process of diagnosis and prognostic evaluations. Various forms of cancer can be diagnosed by employing different segmentation techniques followed by postprocessing approaches that can identify distinct neoplastic areas. Using computer approaches facilitates a more objective and efficient study of experts. The progressive advancement of histological image analysis holds significant importance in modern medicine. This paper provides an overview of the current advances in segmentation and classification approaches for images of follicular lymphoma. This research analyzes the primary image processing techniques utilized in the various stages of preprocessing, segmentation of the region of interest, classification, and postprocessing as described in the existing literature. The study also examines the strengths and weaknesses associated with these approaches. Additionally, this study encompasses an examination of validation procedures and an exploration of prospective future research roads in the segmentation of neoplasias.</p>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"42 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141554223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maryam Maleki, Hori Ghaneialvar, Naser Abbasi, Ardeshir Moayeri, Neda Moulaei, Azra Kenarkoohi, Pegah Mokaribahar, Ali Heidari
{"title":"Effects of Thymbra spicata extract and Thymol on morphine withdrawal syndrome in mice (insights to the liver function, antioxidant, and behavioral responses)","authors":"Maryam Maleki, Hori Ghaneialvar, Naser Abbasi, Ardeshir Moayeri, Neda Moulaei, Azra Kenarkoohi, Pegah Mokaribahar, Ali Heidari","doi":"10.1002/cbf.4084","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbf.4084","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Safe chemicals for drug withdrawal can be extracted from natural sources. This study investigates the effects of clonidine and <i>Thymbra spicata</i> extract (TSE) on mice suffering from morphine withdrawal syndrome. Thymol, which is the active constituent in TSE, was also tested. A total of 90 mice were divided into nine groups. Group 1 was the control group, while Group 2 was given only morphine, and Group 3 received morphine and 0.2 mg/kg of clonidine. Groups 4–6 were given morphine along with 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg of TSE, respectively. Groups 7–9 received morphine plus 30, 60, and 90 mg/kg of Thymol, respectively, for 7 days. An oral naloxone challenge of 3 mg/kg was used to induce withdrawal syndrome in all groups. Improvement of liver enzyme levels (aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and alanine transaminase) (<i>p</i> < .01) and behavioral responses (frequencies of jumping, frequencies of two-legged standing, Straub tail reaction) (<i>p</i> < .01) were significantly observed in the groups receiving TSE and Thymol (Groups 4–9) compared to Group 2. Additionally, antioxidant activity in these groups was improved compared to Group 2. Nitric oxide significantly decreased in Groups 4 and 6 compared to Groups 2 and 3 (<i>p</i> < .01). Superoxide dismutase increased dramatically in Groups 5, 8, and 9 compared to Groups 2 and 3 (<i>p</i> < .01). Groups 5–9 were significantly different from Group 2 in terms of malondialdehyde levels (<i>p</i> < .01). Certain doses of TSE and Thymol were found to alleviate the narcotics withdrawal symptoms. This similar effect to clonidine can pave the way for their administration in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"42 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141497159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emerging importance of stool preservation methods in OMICS studies with special focus on cancer biology","authors":"Parul Mehra, Anil Kumar","doi":"10.1002/cbf.4063","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbf.4063","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The intricate consortium of microorganisms in the human gut plays a crucial role in different physiological functions. The complex known-unknown elements of the gut microbiome are perplexing and the absence of standardized procedures for collecting and preserving samples has hindered continuous research in comprehending it. The technological bias produced because of lack of standard protocols has affected the reproducibility of results. The complex nature of diseases like colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and breast cancer require a thorough understanding of its etiology for an efficient and timely diagnosis. The designated protocols for collection and preservation of stool specimens have great variance, hence generate inconsistencies in OMICS studies. Due to the complications associated to the nature of sample, it is important to preserve the sample to be studied later in a laboratory or to be used in the future research purpose. Stool preservation is gaining importance due to the increased use of treatment options like fecal microbiota transplantation to cure conditions like recurrent <i>Clostridium difficile</i> infections and for OMICS studies including metagenomics, metabolomics and culturomics. This review provides an insight into the importance of omics studies for the identification and development of novel biomarkers for quick and noninvasive diagnosis of various diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"42 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141497160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Microbial creation of β-Nicotinamide mononucleotide and its regulation of lipid metabolism in the liver of high-fat diet mice","authors":"Xutong Tian, Youyan Rong, Juyue Luo, Yaping Zhao, Tiantian Zhou, Yu Zeng, Kai Hong, Liang Jiang, Jianying Yang, Yumeng Li, Xin Wu","doi":"10.1002/cbf.4087","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbf.4087","url":null,"abstract":"<p>β-Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a biologically active nucleotide that regulates the physiological metabolism of the body by rapidly increasing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD<sup>+</sup>). To determine the safety and biological activity of NMN resources, we constructed a recombinant strain of <i>P. pastoris</i> that heterologously expresses nicotinamide-phosphate ribosyltransferase (NAMPT), and subsequently catalyzed and purified the expressed product to obtain NMN. Consequently, this study established a high-fat diet (HFD) obese model to investigate the lipid-lowering activity of NMN. The findings showed that NMN supplementation directly increased the NAD<sup>+</sup> levels, and reduced HFD-induced liver injury and lipid deposition. NMN treatment significantly decreased total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) in serum and liver, as well as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and insulin levels in serum (<i>p</i> < .05 or <i>p</i> < .01). In conclusion, this study combined synthetic biology with nutritional evaluation to confirm that <i>P. pastoris</i>-generated NMN modulated lipid metabolism in HFD mice, offering a theoretical framework and evidence for the application of microbially created NMN.</p>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"42 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141491015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rebeca Barbosa da Rocha, Dakson Douglas Araújo, Fabrício dos Santos Machado, Vinicius Saura Cardoso, Ana Jérsia Araújo, José Delano Barreto Marinho-Filho
{"title":"The role of light emitting diode in wound healing: A systematic review of experimental studies","authors":"Rebeca Barbosa da Rocha, Dakson Douglas Araújo, Fabrício dos Santos Machado, Vinicius Saura Cardoso, Ana Jérsia Araújo, José Delano Barreto Marinho-Filho","doi":"10.1002/cbf.4086","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbf.4086","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Wounds represent a growing global issue demanding increased attention. To expedite wound healing, technologies are under development, and light emitting diode (LED) devices of varying wavelengths are being explored for their stimulating influence on the healing process. This article presents a systematic literature review aiming to compile, organize, and analyze the impacts of LED devices on wound healing. This review is registered on the PROSPERO platform [CRD42023403870]. Two blinded authors conducted searches in the Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and ScienceDirect databases. In vitro and in vivo experimental studies assessing LED utilization in the wound healing process were included. The search yielded 1010 studies, of which 27 were included in the review. It was identified that LED stimulates different healing pathways, promoting enhanced cell proliferation and migration, angiogenesis stimulation, increased collagen deposition, and modulation of the inflammatory response. Thus, it can be concluded that the LED stimulates cellular and molecular processes contingent on the utilized parameters. The effects depend on the standards used. Cell migration and proliferation were better influenced by green and red LED. The extracellular matrix components and angiogenesis were regulated by all wavelengths and the modulation of inflammation was mediated by green, red, and infrared LEDs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"42 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141491016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Calcium (Ca2+) hemostasis, mitochondria, autophagy, and mitophagy contribute to Alzheimer's disease as early moderators","authors":"Fatemeh Hadi, Mahsa Mortaja, Zahra Hadi","doi":"10.1002/cbf.4085","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbf.4085","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This review rigorously investigates the early cerebral changes associated with Alzheimer's disease, which manifest long before clinical symptoms arise. It presents evidence that the dysregulation of calcium (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) homeostasis, along with mitochondrial dysfunction and aberrant autophagic processes, may drive the disease's progression during its asymptomatic, preclinical stage. Understanding the intricate molecular interplay that unfolds during this critical period offers a window into identifying novel therapeutic targets, thereby advancing the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. The review delves into both established and emerging insights into the molecular alterations precipitated by the disruption of Ca<sup>2+</sup> balance, setting the stage for cognitive decline and neurodegeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"42 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141476025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biological regulatory network analysis for targeting the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) mediated calcium (Ca2+) transport in neurodegenerative disorders","authors":"Umar Amjid, Ubair Aziz, Uzma Habib, Ishrat Jabeen","doi":"10.1002/cbf.4082","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbf.4082","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Calcium (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) has been observed as the most important ion involved in a series of cellular processes and its homeostasis is critical for normal cellular functions. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) complex has been recognized as the most important calcium-specific channel located in the inner mitochondrial membrane and is one of the major players in maintaining the Ca<sup>2+</sup> homeostasis by transporting Ca<sup>2+</sup> across the mitochondrial membrane. Furthermore, dysregulation of the mitochondrial Ca<sup>2+</sup> homeostasis has been orchestrated to neurodegenerative response. This necessitates quantitative evaluation of the MCU-dependent mROS production and subsequent cellular responses for more specific therapeutic interventions against neurodegenerative disorders. Towards this goal, here we present a biological regulatory network of MCU to dynamically simulate the MCU-mediated ROS production and its response in neurodegeneration. Previously, ruthenium complex RuRed and its derivatives have been reported to show low nM to high µM potency against MCU to maintain cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> (cCa<sup>2+</sup>) homeostasis by modulating mitochondrial Ca<sup>2+</sup> (mCa<sup>2+</sup>) uptake. Therefore, structural modeling and dynamic simulation of MCU pore-forming subunit is performed to probe the interaction profiling of previously reported Ru265 and its derivatives compounds with MCU. The current study highlighted MCU as a potential drug target in neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, ASP261 and GLU264 amino acid residues in DIME motif of MCU pore-forming subunits are identified as crucial for modulating the activity of MCU in neurodegenerative disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"42 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141466368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jing Wang, Yingzhi Gu, Yaxi Sun, Qingchen Qiao, Xiaofeng Huang, Kai Yang, Yuxing Bai
{"title":"Adipogenic differentiation effect of human periodontal ligament stem cell initial cell density on autologous cells and human bone marrow stromal cells","authors":"Jing Wang, Yingzhi Gu, Yaxi Sun, Qingchen Qiao, Xiaofeng Huang, Kai Yang, Yuxing Bai","doi":"10.1002/cbf.4069","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbf.4069","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Stem cells demonstrate differentiation and regulatory functions. In this discussion, we will explore the impacts of cell culture density on stem cell proliferation, adipogenesis, and regulatory abilities. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the initial culture density of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) on the adipogenic differentiation of autologous cells. Our findings indicate that the proliferation rate of hPDLSCs increased with increasing initial cell density (0.5–8 × 10<sup>4</sup> cells/cm<sup>2</sup>). After adipogenic differentiation induced by different initial cell densities of hPDLSC, we found that the mean adipose concentration and the expression levels of lipoprotein lipase (<i>LPL</i>), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (<i>CEBPα</i>), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (<i>PPAR</i>-γ) genes all increased with increasing cell density. To investigate the regulatory role of hPDLSCs in the adipogenic differentiation of other cells, we used secreted exocrine vesicles derived from hPDLSCs cultivated at different initial cell densities of 50 μg/mL to induce the adipogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells. We also found that the mean adipose concentration and expression of <i>LPL</i>, <i>CEBPα</i>, and <i>PPARγ</i> genes increased with increasing cell density, with an optimal culture density of 8 × 10<sup>4</sup> cells/cm<sup>2</sup>. This study provides a foundation for the application of adipogenic differentiation in stem cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":9669,"journal":{"name":"Cell Biochemistry and Function","volume":"42 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141466415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}