Casopis lekaru ceskych最新文献

{"title":"The last ten years with inosine pranobex - from an \"old\" therapeutic agent to vaccine research, including anti-cancer vaccines.","authors":"Jiří Beran, Jiří Slíva","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inosine pranobex (IP), also known as inosine pranobex dimepranol, is an immunomodulatory drug with a history spanning more than fifty years. It was first introduced in the 1970s and has since been licensed in more than 50 countries around the world. It was originally considered a potential drug for AIDS, which raised high hopes at the time of the discovery of the HIV virus. However, after initial interest, its use in this area declined, and for a long time, IP was no longer discussed significantly in professional literature or clinical practice. Renewed interest came only in the last decade, when IP began to reappear in connection with the treatment of acute respiratory infections, diseases caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), and other viral diseases, including COVID-19. It also began to be used as an adjuvant in the foot-and-mouth disease vaccine, and research began on an IP-based anti-tumor vaccine.</p>","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"164 7-8","pages":"321-323"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146092336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol and the cardiovascular system.","authors":"Jitka Mlíková Seidlerová","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mlíková Seidlerová J. Alcohol and the cardiovascular system The consumption of alcohol leads to a variety of direct and indirect effects on the cardiovascular system, as evidenced by numerous epidemiological studies on this topic. The effect of alcohol on the development of cardiovascular complications is influenced not only by the amount of alcohol consumed but also by the drinking pattern (binge drinking vs. regular consumption of moderate amounts of alcohol). This applies to the relationship between alcohol consumption and the rise in blood pressure or the development of arterial hypertension as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"164 7-8","pages":"294-298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146092295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac Surgery Clinic in Hradec Králové.","authors":"Jan Harrer, Pavel Žáček","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"164 5","pages":"233-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145502097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stomatology Clinic in Hradec Králové: 80 years of tradition, innovation, and education.","authors":"Jakub Suchánek","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"164 5","pages":"241-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145502112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotics in antibiotic treatment - an overview of effectiveness, risks, and recommended practices.","authors":"Kristýna Fenclová, Irena Murínová","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The administration of antibiotics is associated with the risk of diarrhea due to disruption of the natural gut microbiome, a condition that may persist for several months after the completion of treatment. Probiotics are often used to prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea; however, their effectiveness in this indication remains a subject of discussion. Meta-analyses confirming the benefits of probiotics are critically assessed by the professional community, and for a long time, their administration was not included in the recommended practices of professional societies. The situation changed in 2023 when probiotics were included in the recommended practices of the World Gastroenterology Organization. This article focuses on the possibilities of administering probiotics in the Czech context, emphasizing currently available medicinal products, their composition, benefits, and potential risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"164 6","pages":"259-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145793348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opinion of an international panel of experts on the clinical use of microbiome testing.","authors":"Monika Cahová, Lucie Najmanová","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The international panel of experts has issued a joint consensus opinion on the possibilities of clinical use of gut microbiome analysis with an unequivocal conclusion: The microbiome is an important component of the human body, and its condition is indisputably related to human health. However, the methodology of microbiome composition analysis has not yet been standardized and the interpretation of the results regarding the health of the individual is not yet sufficiently conclusive. Therapeutic counseling based on the results of microbiome testing is strongly discouraged. Further research is required for widespread use in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"164 2","pages":"68-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of haemostatic genes' polymorphisms in men and women with venous thromboembolism in the Czech Republic - a population-based study of cases and controls.","authors":"Jan Kvasnička, Zuzana Zenáhlíková, Renata Cífková, Sylvie Šťastná, Zuzana Kovářová Kudrnová, Radka Brzežková, Jaroslava Hájková, Petra Bobčíková, Alena Syrůčková, Petra Linhartová, Martin Ševčík, Daniela Dušková, Tomáš Kvasnička","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of five polymorphisms of haemostatic genes rs6025 (F5, Leiden), rs1799963 (F2, prothrombin), rs2066865 (FGG), rs2289252 (F11), and rs8176719 (ABO), in 2 cohorts of 924 men and 1,706 women who had venous thromboembolism (VTE), and to compare their occurrence with that in two control groups of healthy individuals (1,516 men and 1,121 women) with no history of VTE in the Czech Republic. Statistically significant increases in the prevalence of rs6025 (F5), rs1799963 (F2), rs2066865 (FGG), rs2289252 (F11) and rs8176719 (ABO) were found in both groups of men and women compared to controls (all p ˂ 0.0001). Both F5 Leiden variants increase the risk of VTE. In male homozygotes 70.56-fold, in male heterozygotes 5.45-fold; in female homozygotes 18.8-fold and in female heterozygotes 5.58-fold. For rs1799963 (F2), the risk of VTE was statistically significantly increased only in the heterozygous variant (3.86-fold in males and 3.95-fold in females). Mutated homozygotes could not be evaluated due to their rare occurrence in the sample. An increase in the risk of VTE of the rs2066865 (FGG) variants was again observed in males (1.8-fold in homozygotes, 1.17-fold in heterozygotes) and females (1.88-fold in homozygotes, 1.32-fold in heterozygotes). Derived variants of rs2289252 (F11) also increased the risk of VTE (1.8-fold in male homozygotes and 1.5-fold in male heterozygotes;1.73-fold in female homozygotes and 1.35-fold in female heterozygotes). Again, we found a higher risk of VTE in individuals with VTE when mutant variants of rs8176719 (ABO) were present. In male homozygotes, it was 4.03-fold and in heterozygotes 2.38-fold. In homozygous women, it was 3.16-fold and in heterozygotes 2.11-fold. Conclusions: Our study confirms that in the Czech Republic, in addition to the known thrombophilic mutations rs6025 (F5) and rs1799963 (F2), there is also a higher prevalence of polymorphisms of the haemostatic gene rs2066865 (FGG), rs2289252 (F11) and rs8176719 (ABO) in both sexes, which can therefore be identified as additional independent heritable risk factors for the VTE.</p>","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"164 4","pages":"143-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146050328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dyslipidemias as rare diseases.","authors":"Šárka Tesařová, Richard Češka","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dyslipidemias are mostly considered to be diseases with mass incidence. However, there are also several dyslipidemias that occur within the framework of rare diseases. Most of them are genetically determined. In this review, we have focused on three selected diseases for which new therapy is available and significantly change prognosis of the patients. Homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia is associated with extreme elevation of LDL cholesterol, leading to premature manifestation of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in the first decade of life. Thanks to new hypolipidemic drugs such as evinacumab and lomitapide, patients today have a much better prognosis than in the past. Lipodystrophies are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by progressive loss of adipose tissue leading to metabolic abnormalities. Due to new causal metreleptine therapy, we can help patients with managing these metabolic complications significantly. Familial chylomicronemia is not associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, but it is accompanied by extremely high levels of triglycerides, leading to frequent attacks of acute pancreatitis, which can be potentially fatal. Therapy with volanesorsen leads to a reduction of hypertriglyceridemia, thereby reducing the risk of developing acute pancreatitis. Although these diseases are rare, it is necessary to think about them and diagnose them early. Interdisciplinary cooperation is essential during search and treatment of these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"164 3","pages":"100-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathology in Hradec Králové through the ages.","authors":"Petra Kašparová, Aleš Ryška, Ivo Šteiner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"164 5","pages":"197-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145502156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nephrology and kidney transplantation in Hradec Králové - memories, visions, and achievements.","authors":"Sylvie Dusilová Sulková, Petr Moučka, Malgorzata Grofová, Pavel Navrátil, Pavel Navrátil, Igor Guňka, Roman Šafránek, Michaela Matysková, Jaroslav Pacovský, Ivo Novák, Vladimír Palička","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9645,"journal":{"name":"Casopis lekaru ceskych","volume":"164 5","pages":"213-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145502100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}