Case Studies in Construction Materials最新文献

{"title":"Anchorage performance of BFRP anti-floating anchors: Field investigation and numerical simulation","authors":"Xiaoyu Bai ,&nbsp;Haoran Ma ,&nbsp;Nan Yan ,&nbsp;Fengjiao Wang ,&nbsp;Dongshuai Hou ,&nbsp;Pan Wang ,&nbsp;Gan Sun ,&nbsp;Fengxia Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) anchor bars offer several advantages including light weight, high tensile strength and good corrosion resistance, making them an ideal alternative to steel anchor bars in underground structures. This study through the pullout test of three 25 mm diameter fully threaded BFRP anchor bars and analysis using ABAQUS finite element software to investigate their anchorage performance and failure mechanisms. The experiment shows that the pullout capacity of BFRP anti-floating anchors exceed 400 kN, which meets the engineering design requirements for anti-floating. The axial stress of anchor bar is highest at the opening of hole and decreases rapidly with increasing depth. The depth of the axial stress transmission is approximately 2 L/3 (L is the anchorage length of the anchor bar). The shear stress initially increases rapidly along the anchorage depth, peaks near an anchorage depth of 0.75 m, and gradually decreases thereafter, with the peak shear stress increasing with higher load levels. The numerical simulation indicates that the bonding strength between the anchor bar and anchorage body multiple components during the pullout process, with the load transferring downwards from the opening-hole as the load increases, rather than being uniformly distributed throughout the entire anchorage length. Anchor bars with longer anchorage lengths exhibit a slower decay rate of axial stress and a deeper range of axial stress transfer, despite having the same diameter. The failure analysis has identified three failure mechanisms. The shear slip failure at the first interface is caused by a decrease in frictional force, mechanical bite force, and chemical adhesive force at the first interface under increasing load; the shear slip failure at the second interface is due to insufficient strength of the rock-soil mass. Anchor bar fracture failure originates from progressive fracture caused by localized stress concentration in the fiber bundles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9641,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Construction Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article e04903"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable optimisation of GGBS-based concrete: De-risking mix design through predictive machine learning models","authors":"Ahmed A. Alawi Al-Naghi ,&nbsp;Ayaz Ahmad ,&nbsp;Muhammad Nasir Amin ,&nbsp;Omar Algassem ,&nbsp;Nawaf Alnawmasi","doi":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) is increasingly recognised as a sustainable alternative to traditional Portland cement in concrete. However, predicting the compressive strength (C-S) of GGBS-based mixes remains challenging due to complex material interactions. This study applies four supervised machine learning (ML) algorithms, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and XGBoost, to predict the C-S using a literature-derived dataset. Among these, XGBoost exhibited the best performance (R² = 0.979) with the lowest prediction error. SHAP analysis reveals that cement content, curing age, and water-to-binder ratio are the most influential features. To enhance practical utility, a graphical user interface (GUI) was developed for real-time strength prediction based on user-defined input parameters. The proposed framework demonstrates the potential of ML to support accurate, efficient, and sustainable mix design in real-world construction scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9641,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Construction Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article e04900"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144272158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of material properties and environmental conditions on the adhesion performance and failure mode of CRMA","authors":"Zixuan Chen ,&nbsp;Dai Yi ,&nbsp;Hongfei Zhang ,&nbsp;Dongliang Hu ,&nbsp;Jianzhong Pei","doi":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The interfacial interaction between asphalt and aggregate plays a pivotal role in determining the water stability of asphalt mixtures. This study investigates the effects of intrinsic material properties and environmental conditions on the adhesion behavior of crumb rubber modified asphalt (CRMA), utilizing the pull-off strength tests and image recognition methodologies. Multivariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted using SPSS software to statistically evaluate the significance of the effects of different material properties and environmental conditions on the adhesion performance of CRMA.The findings reveal that the adhesion strength between CRMA and aggregates decreases gradually with an increase in crumb rubber content. The smaller the crumb rubber particle size, the greater the interfacial adhesion strength. Under immersion conditions, the smaller crumb rubber particles reduce pull-off strength loss and strengthen the moisture resistance of the aggregates and asphalt interface, while lower content of crumb rubber maintains better water stability. Limestone and basalt aggregates demonstrate superior adhesion and resilience to moisture-induced degradation relative to their granite counterparts. Additionally, the cohesive failure area at the asphalt-aggregate interface decreases, shifting towards adhesive failure after immersion process based on the in-depth analysis of failure mode at the interface, including quantification of adhesion and cohesion failure area ratios. Among the examined factors, environmental moisture conditions (dry vs. wet) exert the most significant influence on the adhesion performance of CRMA. This comprehensive investigation establishes a theoretical foundation for optimizing the adhesion performance between CRMA and aggregates, thereby significantly enhancing the durability of asphalt pavement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9641,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Construction Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article e04901"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144297658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-carbon alkali-activated materials for Cu(II)-contaminated soil stabilization: Reaction kinetics, immobilization mechanisms, and leaching behavior","authors":"Jian Wang ,&nbsp;Daquan Shi ,&nbsp;Minghao Liu ,&nbsp;Kunyang Yu ,&nbsp;Yading Zhao ,&nbsp;Yan Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alkali-activated cementitious materials (AAMs) are recognized as low-carbon binders with considerable potential in the solidification/stabilization (S/S) field. This study aimed to explore the influence of Cu^2 + on the reaction kinetics and products of AAMs and examined the immobilization mechanisms of Cu²⁺ within the reaction products. Results indicated that the early reaction kinetics of AAMs was only slightly impacted by the incorporation of Cu²⁺, showing a strong compatibility between the AAMs and Cu²⁺. The addition of an increased alkali equivalent facilitated the formation of reaction products, optimized the pore structure of AAMs, and significantly improved the compressive strength and Cu²⁺ encapsulation efficiency. However, incorporating Cu²⁺ increased the content of large pores, which deteriorated the mechanical properties of AAMs. Notably, Cu²⁺ chemically bonded in the amorphous phase by forming covalent bonds with silicon tetrahedra, which resulted in an increase in the MCL of C/N-A-S-H. Moreover, Cu²⁺ could achieve chemical immobilization in the amorphous gel by ion substitution and bonding to anionic sites. Actual S/S analysis revealed that with 70 % Cu-contaminated soil, the leaching concentration of Cu in S/S blocks was as low as 0.61 mg/L, with a compressive strength of 8.9 MPa after 28 days. Compared to ordinary Portland cement (OPC), utilizing AAMs for S/S treatment of Cu-contaminated soil reduced carbon emissions by 58.5 %. Overall, this research affirmed AAMs as a viable low-carbon alternative for S/S treatments, providing a sustainable and economical option for the management of heavy metal-contaminated soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9641,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Construction Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article e04912"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144281078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different cementitious materials and accelerators on the flexural and compressive behaviors of SUHPC","authors":"Jia He ,&nbsp;Qingliang Yu ,&nbsp;Zhiyi Tang ,&nbsp;Huayi Wang ,&nbsp;Zhengrui Chen ,&nbsp;Bingyan Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The combination of various cementitious materials can effectively mitigate early-age cracking and flowability issues in concrete that arise from the use of accelerators during the spraying process of sprayed ultra-high-performance concrete (SUHPC). Flexural and compressive strengths serve as critical indicators for evaluating the mechanical performance of SUHPC. This study investigates the effects of various types of cementitious materials, including Portland cement, calcium aluminate cement (CAC), and gypsum (CaSO₄·2H₂O, abbreviated as C$), as well as alkali-free accelerators, on the flexural and compressive properties of SUHPC. The results show that partial replacement of Portland cement with CAC alone leads to a significant reduction in flexural and compressive strength, with the greatest decrease observed at a CAC dosage of 30 %. In contrast, in a ternary binder system incorporating both CAC and C$, increasing the C$ content from 0 to 15 wt% enhances the flexural and compressive strengths, reaching maximum values of 21.5 MPa and 123.7 MPa, respectively. The incorporation of CAC negatively impacts the flexural and compressive properties of SUHPC. However, the incorporation of C$ in the ternary binder system effectively offsets the adverse effects of CAC, leading to improvements in toughness and energy absorption capacity. While alkali-free accelerators enhance early-age strength, such admixtures tend to impair long-term mechanical performance. This degradation can be mitigated through the strategic combination of multiple cementitious components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9641,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Construction Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article e04913"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144272157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of foaming agent on the mechanical properties of red mud included controlled low-strength material CLSM","authors":"Boyoung Yoon ,&nbsp;Hyunwook Choo ,&nbsp;Changho Lee ,&nbsp;Junghee Park","doi":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has been a growing interest in controlled low strength material CLSM due to its engineering features, such as self-leveling and early strength development, as well as it potential for utilizing industrial waste. Still, the dynamic properties on CLSM are rarely studied. This study evaluates the feasibility of red mud as a partial aggregate replacement in foamed-lightweight CLSM, incorporating high-carbon fly ash and preformed foam. We varied both the red mud contents RM_c and foam volume ratio FVR within the mixtures and examined their impact on unconfined compressive strength and dynamic properties including shear modulus G and damping ratio D. The results reveal that the red mud enhances foam stability, leading to more uniform pore structures and increased porosity, which reduces bulk densities. Despite higher porosity, red mud serves as a strong alkaline activator, enhancing geopolymer reactions of high-carbon fly ash and thereby increasing both compressive strength and initial shear modulus G₀. Interestingly, increasing FVR had minimal impact on the D, while higher RM_c notably increased D, highlighting its distinct role in energy dissipation. The red mud-incorporated foamed CLSM exhibits strain-dependent normalized shear modulus G/G₀ comparable to that of gravel, while its D is 40–100 % higher than gravel or gravelly soil at shear strain of 1⸱10⁻⁵, which corresponds to typical traffic-induced vibration levels. Moreover, theoretical volumetric-gravimetric relationships are introduced to account for the combined effects of FVR and RM_c on CLSM behavior. These findings demonstrate that the red mud included foamed CLSM can be utilized as advanced structural backfill material capable of effectively mitigating the vibrations induced by traffic, low-amplitude seismic events, and mechanical sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9641,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Construction Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article e04893"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144272085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Steel fiber-reinforced slag-based concretes for floats of FOWTs – The case of a slab as a preliminary approach: design, durability under chloride exposure and Life Cycle Assessment","authors":"Nicolas Reuge ,&nbsp;Stéphanie Bonnet ,&nbsp;Laurence Guihéneuf ,&nbsp;Olivier Cornet ,&nbsp;Anne Ventura","doi":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concrete Floating wind turbine is a solution of the future for Marine Renewable Energies (MRE). The B2FE project, i.e., steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) for wind turbine floats, aims at developing and characterizing a slag-based concrete (low-carbon concrete) reinforced with steel fibers (slag-based SFRC). Four concrete formulations composed of 50 % CEM I and 50 % blast furnace slag, including fiber contents of 0 (i.e., no fiber), 20, 40 and 60 kg.m⁻³, are studied. A simplified case study is investigated by considering a slab under the same exposure conditions as a FOWT. Considering given mechanical requirements (distributed load of 100 kPa, i.e. 10 t.m⁻²), the dimensioning of the slab is carried out with, on one hand, the slag-based RC solution (no fiber) and on the other hand, the three SFRC formulations (no rebar). Compared to steel bar reinforcements, it appears that steel fibers can provide similar mechanical properties with fewer concrete or steel which is a very interesting result. Then, knowing the physicochemical properties of the materials, simulations of chloride ions transport in the slab subjected to sea water tidal conditions (known as much \"aggressive\" as splashing) are performed to estimate the service life of these solutions: they appear to be around 30 years, which meet the expectations. Finally, a cradle-to-gate Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) demonstrates a clear advantage of fiber-reinforced formulations, by reducing carbon footprint and other indicators of environmental impacts. In terms of service life and carbon footprint, an innovative cross-analysis leads to an optimal steel fiber content of 40 kg.m⁻³.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9641,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Construction Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article e04824"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144281193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-velocity impact and post-impact flexural behavior of novel concrete seawall panels reinforced with composite GFRP bars","authors":"Ezgi Bal Yetim ,&nbsp;Omar Alajarmeh ,&nbsp;Allan Manalo ,&nbsp;Weena Lokuge ,&nbsp;Dmitry Yatsenko ,&nbsp;Brahim Benmokrane","doi":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) bars can be used to reinforce concrete seawall structures, but there is a notable gap in the existing research regarding seawall’s impact behavior with GFRP bars. This study designed a novel GFRP-reinforced concrete seawall panel reinforced with composite GFRP bars and comprehensively analyzed their low-velocity impact behavior caused by vessel collisions for all impact characteristics: impact force, acceleration, mid-deflection, energy absorption, and strains. Furthermore, three-point flexural test evaluated the post-impact flexural behavior of the panels. The findings indicate that GFRP-reinforced seawall panels can withstand impact forces up to 1.5 m drop height (4415 J) without local and scabbing failure. The mid-deflection, total energy absorption (87 %), and the proportion of energy absorbed by GFRP bars increased with increasing drop height, whereas the ratio of energy absorption absorbed by concrete decreased significantly after 1.5 m. None of the GFRP bars ruptured even at the highest impact energy (5886 J), with maximum measured strain being 72 % of the GFRP-bar rupture strain. In post-impact, seawall panels retained 67 % of their residual flexural strength. The experimental results were verified with the modified single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) equation. The findings enhance understanding on the relationship between impact energy and impact characteristics of GFRP-reinforced seawall panels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9641,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Construction Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article e04844"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High efficiency preparation of superfine steel slag particles and the effects on hydration of Portland cement","authors":"Zhengqi Zheng ,&nbsp;Yingbin Wang ,&nbsp;Hongbo Tan ,&nbsp;Xingyang He ,&nbsp;Ying Su ,&nbsp;Yubo Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The promotion of hydration and high early strength in concrete holds vital significance for production efficiency of prefabricated concrete. Currently, how to prepare inexpensive early strength accelerators for component concrete is a current research hotspot. In light of the aforementioned objectives, superfine steel slag (SSS) with median size of 935 nm was produced by wet-milling technology in the research. The properties of SSS and its effects on paste/mortar were comprehensively investigated. Relevant data analysis confirmed that the phase composition of SSS was altered and the dissolution of ions was promoted due to hydration reaction. The 12 h compressive strength of the cement-based sample containing 8 % SSS rose from 5.2 MPa of the blank group to 18.5 MPa, with an increase of 256 %. The incorporation of SSS was found to promote the hydration rate and the growth of hydration products, as verified by hydration heat, XRD, and TG tests. These effects were attributed to the nucleation induction effect and the high-alkalinity liquid phase environment provided by SSS. This research provided a novel technical solution for the high-value-added utilization of steel slag in prefabricated concrete.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9641,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Construction Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article e04839"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144272159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel optimization design framework for mix proportion of mass concrete: A case study of foundation in super high-rise buildings","authors":"Jiaqi Cao ,&nbsp;Tao Lai ,&nbsp;Lingyu Xu ,&nbsp;Jinjun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cscm.2025.e04819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address thermal cracking in mass concrete structures, this study proposes an optimization framework for mix proportions to minimize the cement usage while ensuring the required concrete strength, using the foundation of Shenzhen CITIC Financial Center as a case study. Concrete components are grouped into three categories: (1) water and superplasticizer, (2) cement, fly ash, and slag, and (3) fine and coarse aggregates. Grey relational analysis (GRA) was applied to quantify correlations between compressive strengths (7-, 28-, and 60-day) and mix parameters. Experimental validation confirmed the optimal mix proportions. Key findings include: (1) superplasticizer reduces water demand by 10–15 % while enhancing strength; (2) fly ash exhibits comparable grey relational coefficients to cement in C50 concrete (0.78 vs. 0.80), enabling partial cement replacement (up to 30 %), whereas slag shows significantly lower coefficients (0.42); (3) for C50 concrete, fine and coarse aggregates have nearly identical impacts on strength (coefficients: 0.65 vs. 0.63), but their influence becomes less predictable for C45 concrete. The proposed GRA-based framework provides a systematic approach for optimizing mass concrete mixtures under limited trial data, balancing thermal and mechanical performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9641,"journal":{"name":"Case Studies in Construction Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article e04819"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144281079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}