Case Reports in Neurology最新文献

{"title":"Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures in a Woman of Reproductive Age: The Role of Gender-Specific Stressors.","authors":"Antonio Parralo-López, Ángel-Tomás Parra-Martínez, Cristina Romero-Oliva, Cecilio Parra-Martínez, Concha Martínez-García","doi":"10.1159/000550375","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) are episodes resembling epileptic seizures but not caused by abnormal electrical brain activity. They are part of functional neurological disorders, which disproportionately affect women and are often triggered by a combination of biological, psychological, and social factors. Early recognition is crucial to prevent unnecessary interventions.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report a 35-year-old woman with a 3-year history of recurrent loss of consciousness, occurring approximately every 15 days, usually coinciding with ovulation and menstruation. Previous cardiology and gynecology evaluations, imaging, blood tests, and EEG were unremarkable. During the most severe episodes, she required intensive care unit admission, intubation, and sedation. A video-EEG with verbal suggestion reproduced a typical event, showing no epileptiform activity. The patient was diagnosed with PNES. Psychotherapy was initiated, and antiepileptic drugs were gradually withdrawn. This, along with patient education, family involvement, and outpatient follow-up, led to a marked reduction in episode frequency.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the complex interplay between hormonal fluctuations, reproductive concerns, psychosocial stressors, and gender-specific factors in triggering PNES. Early diagnosis, a multidisciplinary approach, and education of patients and healthcare providers are key to improving outcomes and avoiding unnecessary interventions. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing PNES episodes linked to both menstrual cycle-related stress and reproductive concerns, emphasizing the importance of a gender-sensitive approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":9639,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Neurology","volume":"18 1","pages":"92-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12890294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146164334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis and Vasculitis by Cryptococcosis in a Non-HIV Patient: A Case Report.","authors":"Michael Ariza-Varon, Nicolas Soto-Moreno, Nicole Pinzon, Natalia Camacho, Juan D Vallejo Fernández","doi":"10.1159/000549330","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cryptococcosis is a fungal infection with frequent involvement of the central nervous system, particularly in patients immunocompromised by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Its essential neurological presentation is meningoencephalitis, with exceptional spinal cord involvement. We present the case of an immunocompetent patient with myelitis and vasculitis caused by <i>Cryptococcus</i>.</p><p><strong>Clinical case: </strong>A 59-year-old male patient with diabetes mellitus presented with 2 weeks of lower limb weakness, vertigo, and urinary retention with subsequent loss of alertness. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, venous sinus thrombosis, and multiple cerebral infarcts involving the cerebellum, basal ganglia, and corpus callosum. Cerebrospinal fluid confirmed <i>Cryptococcus</i> fungal infection. Differential diagnoses (infectious, autoimmune, metabolic, demyelinating, and neoplastic) were excluded. Liposomal amphotericin and flucytosine treatment were started for 6 weeks, with partial improvement. Late primary immunodeficiency was diagnosed based on a low CD4+ count, excluding HIV in multiple instances. The patient continues with motor and sensory sequelae and hypoacusis.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Myelitis of infectious origin is predominantly viral and bacterial. Spinal cord involvement by <i>Cryptococcus</i> is extremely unusual, and the literature is limited to case reports. This condition shows high heterogeneity in its presentation, being predominant in patients with immunocompetence. It can be associated with cryptococcomas and transverse or longitudinally extensive myelitis involving any spinal cord segment. The treatment duration and use of corticosteroids are still debatable. Few similar cases have been reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>Cryptococcus</i> fungal infection should be included in the differential diagnosis of infectious myelopathies, even in patients without HIV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9639,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Neurology","volume":"18 1","pages":"53-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12818901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146017456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Severe Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-Related Inflammation in a 81-Year-Old Woman with Rapid Cognitive Decline.","authors":"Eline De la Meilleure, Harald De Cauwer, Dieter Vanneste, Caroline M J Loos","doi":"10.1159/000550075","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a vasculopathy characterized by amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition in the walls of the leptomeningeal and cortical blood vessels. In a minority of patients with CAA, the presence of Aβ deposition triggers an autoimmune inflammatory reaction, referred to as CAA-related inflammation (CAA-ri). It can present in two forms, either as perivascular CAA-ri or as Aβ-related angiitis. The mechanism underlying CAA-ri remains unclear. Symptoms are subacute mental disorders and behavioral or cognitive changes, headaches, seizures, and focal neurological deficits. Most commonly, CAA-ri is a monophasic illness. Relapses occur often years after the initial presentation and are correlated with corticosteroid tapering or immunosuppression cessation. Treatment is often prolonged but effective. We present a rare and instructive case with CAA-ri characterized by rapid cognitive decline, therapy resistance, and fatal outcome and discuss current literature.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We describe a case of an 81-year-old female who presented with progressive confusion, behavior alterations, recurrent falls, and vomiting for 2 weeks. There was a rapid cognitive decline and fatal outcome. The diagnosis of a probable CAA-ri was made based on the clinical presentation and brain MR imaging. To allow long-term corticosteroid replacement, azathioprine was initiated for second-line immunosuppression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case report of CAA-ri describes the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in an elderly patient with rapid cognitive decline. It highlights the severe nature of the condition, the limitations of available treatments, and the importance of early recognition based on the diagnostic criteria and MR imaging and the start of the therapy, while acknowledging that outcomes may remain poor despite intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":9639,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Neurology","volume":"18 1","pages":"76-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12830004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146046183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epilepsy Surgery in Drug-Resistant Epilepsy Facilitated by Artificial Intelligence: A Case of Left Temporal Encephalocele.","authors":"Mason Henry Crossman, Jasmin Chau Minh Le, Alexander William Wright, Toby Gilbert, John Maddison, Stephen Bacchi","doi":"10.1159/000550076","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000550076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Epilepsy surgery remains underutilized despite strong evidence supporting its efficacy for appropriately selected patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE).</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We describe the case of a 23-year-old woman with a 4-year history of refractory focal impaired awareness seizures, experiencing up to four episodes per week despite multiple trialed antiseizure medications at tolerated doses. Initial investigations including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), EEG, and paraneoplastic screening were unremarkable, and she was managed as having non-lesional left temporal lobe epilepsy. As part of an artificial intelligence driven research initiative, a natural language processing based random forest algorithm reviewing neurology clinic documentation identified her as a potential surgical candidate. Complementary large language model analysis supported extraction of relevant seizure and imaging information. This prompted re-evaluation of the case, with PET demonstrating left temporal hypometabolism and repeat MRI revealing a previously unrecognized encephalocele. She subsequently underwent left temporal lobe polectomy with encephalocele disconnection. The procedure was successful, and she has remained seizure-free for 1 year postoperatively, allowing initiation of ASM weaning and the possibility of long-term cure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case illustrates the transformative potential of epilepsy surgery for individuals with DRE and the promising role of artificial intelligence augmented triage systems in reducing delays to surgical referral. Given the morbidity, mortality, and economic burden associated with DRE, timely surgical evaluation should be considered the standard of care for eligible patients. Integrating artificial intelligence tools into clinical workflows may help overcome longstanding barriers to access and ensure that life-changing interventions are offered earlier in the disease course.</p>","PeriodicalId":9639,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Neurology","volume":"18 1","pages":"69-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12818897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146017442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mineralizing Microangiopathy Presenting as Pediatric Stroke: A Case Report.","authors":"Gisle Berg Helland, Gunnthorunn Gunnarsdottir, Piotr Sowa, Rajiv Advani","doi":"10.1159/000549988","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mineralizing angiopathy is a rare cause of pediatric stroke and has not previously been described in a Nordic European country. This case highlights the diagnostic value of CT imaging and the potential underdiagnosis of this condition in high-income countries.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>An 11-month-old previously healthy boy presented with acute left-sided hemiparesis, with a pediatric National Institutes of Health Stroke (pedNIHSS) score of nine. Initial CT revealed bilateral basal ganglia calcifications and tortuous internal carotid arteries. MRI confirmed an acute infarction in the right basal ganglia. The diagnosis of mineralizing angiopathy was made based on the neuroimaging findings, with sagittal CT views visualizing calcifications following the contours of deep perforating vessels. An extensive stroke workup, including cardiac and metabolic evaluations, was unremarkable. The patient received supportive care, was discharged with a pedNIHSS of five, and is under neurological follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mineralizing angiopathy may be underrecognized in pediatric stroke, particularly in settings where MRI is preferred over CT. Early CT imaging can aid diagnosis. Longitudinal follow-up may offer novel insights into the pathophysiology of vascular calcifications.</p>","PeriodicalId":9639,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Neurology","volume":"18 1","pages":"62-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12818894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146017459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective Occipital Artery-Posterior Cerebral Artery Bypass Guided by Fusion Imaging and Short-Segment Parent Artery Occlusion for a Partially Thrombosed Posterior Cerebral Artery Aneurysm: A Case Report.","authors":"Taro Yanagawa, Hiroki Sato, Tatsuki Kimura, Shunsuke Ikeda, Shinichiro Yoshikawa, Tsuyoshi Uesugi, Toshiki Ikeda","doi":"10.1159/000549884","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549884","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Partially thrombosed aneurysms of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA), especially in the P2 segment, pose considerable treatment challenges owing to complex anatomy and ischemic risk.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report a 49-year-old woman with a partially thrombosed dissecting P2 aneurysm treated using selective occipital artery-PCA bypass guided by digital subtraction angiography-magnetic resonance fusion imaging, followed by endovascular occlusion using Target Tetra coils. Postoperative imaging confirmed bypass patency and complete aneurysm obliteration without infarction or neurological deficit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We highlight a feasible treatment strategy for complex PCA aneurysms, emphasizing the importance of fusion imaging and targeted embolization in minimizing complications and preserving function.</p>","PeriodicalId":9639,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Neurology","volume":"18 1","pages":"26-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12807503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145997629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Motor Speech in Nonfluent Primary Progressive Aphasia: A Case Report.","authors":"Yoshihiro Ohashi, Satoko Koganemaru, Fumiko Oshima","doi":"10.1159/000549960","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes a gradual decline in language function. While combining transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) with rehabilitation of speech and language disorders (SLD rehab) has shown promise, its effect on motor speech disorders such as dysarthria and apraxia of speech (AOS), common in nonfluent variant PPA (nfvPPA), has been unclear.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>This study used an N-of-1 crossover design to investigate the effects of SLD rehab-tDCS on articulation and vocalization in a 77-year-old male patient with nfvPPA, dysarthria, and AOS. In the intervention phase, intervention A (anodal tDCS over the left inferior frontal gyrus from the precentral regions, combined with SLD rehab) was compared with intervention B (sham stimulation with SLD rehab) across both short-term (single session) and long-term (12 sessions over 6 weeks) phases, with intervention A preceding B. In both the short- and long-term phases, the assessments of articulation and vocalization showed greater improvement following intervention A. The long-term intervention also led to improvements in general aphasia severity. Furthermore, brain perfusion SPECT imaging revealed increased blood flow in the left fronto-subcortical network.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These preliminary findings from a single case suggest that SLD rehab-tDCS may have the potential to improve not only language but also speech motor functions in nfvPPA.</p>","PeriodicalId":9639,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Neurology","volume":"18 1","pages":"34-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12810973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145997579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma Mimicking Chronic Lymphocytic Inflammation with Pontine Perivascular Enhancement Responsive to Steroids: A Case Report with Confirmatory Brain Biopsy and Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis.","authors":"Xiangyi Shen, Ning Su, Lu Zhang, Yang Zhang, Dachun Zhao, Quanfeng Chen, Hairong Qian, Hexiang Yin, Yicheng Zhu","doi":"10.1159/000549847","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) is a steroid-responsive relapsing-remitting disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). However, CLIPPERS-like presentations have been increasingly recognized as potential early manifestations of underlying lymphoma, most commonly B-cell types. T-cell lymphomas in this context remain exceedingly rare.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the first case of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS), mimicking CLIPPERS with confirmatory brain biopsy. A 33-year-old man initially presented with pontocerebellar dysfunction and punctate gadolinium-enhancing hindbrain lesions, fulfilling diagnostic criteria for probable CLIPPERS. He achieved transient remission with corticosteroids but later developed relapsing neurological and pulmonary symptoms, radiological progression with supratentorial and spinal involvement including longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM), and steroid resistance. Despite nondiagnostic lung biopsy and the absence of malignant cells on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology, CSF circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis revealed pathogenic mutations in <i>FAS</i> and <i>TET2</i>. Stereotactic biopsy of a right frontal lesion ultimately confirmed PTCL-NOS. The patient's disease progressed despite chemotherapy, leading to death 6 months after diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights that CNS infiltration by PTCL-NOS can closely mimic CLIPPERS both clinically and radiologically. LETM may represent an additional warning feature in such presentations. Vigilance for clinical and radiologic red flags, the adjunctive use of CSF ctDNA analysis, and early reconsideration of diagnosis with timely biopsy should be emphasized to improve outcomes in patients with CLIPPERS-like syndromes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9639,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Neurology","volume":"18 1","pages":"17-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12807500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145997592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Cerebral Infarctions and Clinically Mild Encephalitis/Encephalopathy with a Reversible Splenial Lesion Associated with Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome: A Case Report.","authors":"Hiroto Okubata, Daiki Wada, Tomoyuki Yoshihara, Fukuki Saito, Kazuhisa Yoshiya, Kunikazu Yoshimura, Yasushi Nakamori, Yasuyuki Kuwagata","doi":"10.1159/000549886","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is a rapidly progressing, fatal disease. Sepsis can be complicated by multiple cerebral infarctions, clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS), and sepsis-related encephalopathy, resulting in a poor prognosis. To our knowledge, there have been no reported cases of sepsis complicated by both multiple cerebral infarctions and MERS. We report a case based on a literature review.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>The patient was a 49-year-old man who experienced fever and a sore throat for 2 weeks prior to his visit. He was diagnosed with tonsillitis. Two days prior to his visit, he was confused and was transported to his previous hospital, where he was diagnosed with sepsis and treated conservatively. Although his confusion had improved the day before coming to the hospital, head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multiple cerebral infarctions, and he was transferred to our hospital for intensive care. At the time of transfer, high signal intensity observed in the splenium of the corpus callosum on MRI was thought to be MERS. Blood tests revealed septic coagulopathy. He received intensive care and was discharged home on day 32. Head MRI performed during outpatient follow-up on the 15th day after discharge, we made a definitive diagnosis of MERS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We encountered a very rare case of STSS complicated by multiple cerebral infarctions and MERS, which had a favorable prognosis. The associations among sepsis, multiple cerebral infarctions, and MERS remain poorly understood, and further investigation is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":9639,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Neurology","volume":"18 1","pages":"9-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12788836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145951456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stiff-Person Syndrome with Anti-Amphiphysin Antibodies: A Paraneoplastic Phenomenon Revealing Breast Cancer in a 77-Year-Old Male.","authors":"Michael Geyskens, Dareia S Roos, Inge R Konings, Cathelijne Gorter de Vries, Pieter Raijmakers, Tim Schutte","doi":"10.1159/000549746","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Stiff-person syndrome is a neurological disorder characterized by painful muscle cramps and progressive muscle spasticity. In patients with positive anti-amphiphysin antibodies, there is an association with malignancies such as breast carcinomas and small cell lung cancers.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the case of a 77-year-old male patient who developed symptoms of anti-amphiphysin positive stiff-person syndrome and was diagnosed with breast cancer. After immunomodulatory and curative-intent oncological treatment, the patient experienced marked improvement in his neurological symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case is an example of the importance of multidisciplinary care and thorough oncological workup in a case of stiff-person syndrome with positive anti-amphiphysin antibodies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9639,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Neurology","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12726861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145826999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}