Cardiovascular Therapeutics最新文献

{"title":"Exploring Potential Drug Targets in Multiple Cardiovascular Diseases: A Study Based on Proteome-Wide Mendelian Randomization and Colocalization Analysis","authors":"Maoxia Fan,&nbsp;Na Li,&nbsp;Libin Huang,&nbsp;Chen Chen,&nbsp;Xueyan Dong,&nbsp;Wulin Gao","doi":"10.1155/cdr/5711316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cdr/5711316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Background:</b> Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) encompass a group of diseases that affect the heart and/or blood vessels, making them the leading cause of global mortality. In our study, we performed proteome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR) and colocalization analyses to identify novel therapeutic protein targets for CVDs and evaluate the potential drug-related protein side effects.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> We conducted a comprehensive proteome-wide MR study to assess the causal relationship between plasma proteins and the risk of CVDs. Summary-level data for 4907 circulating protein levels were extracted from a large-scale protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) study involving 35,559 individuals. Additionally, genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for CVDs were extracted from the UK Biobank and the Finnish database. Colocalization analysis was utilized to identify causal variants shared between plasma proteins and CVDs. Finally, we conducted a comprehensive phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) using the R10 version of the Finnish database. This study was aimed at examining the potential drug-related protein side effects in the treatment of CVDs. A total of 2408 phenotypes were included in the analysis, categorized into 44 groups.</p><p><b>Results:</b> The research findings indicate the following associations: (1) In coronary artery disease (CAD), the plasma proteins A4GNT, COL6A3, KLC1, CALB2, KPNA2, MSMP, and ADH1B showed a positive causal relationship (<i>p</i>-fdr &lt; 0.05). LAYN and GCKR exhibited a negative causal relationship (<i>p</i>-fdr &lt; 0.05). (2) In chronic heart failure (CHF), PLG demonstrated a positive causal relationship (<i>p</i>-fdr &lt; 0.05), while AZGP1 displayed a negative causal relationship (<i>p</i>-fdr &lt; 0.05). (3) In ischemic stroke (IS), ALDH2 exhibited a positive causal relationship (<i>p</i>-fdr &lt; 0.05), while PELO showed a negative causal relationship (<i>p</i>-fdr &lt; 0.05). (4) In Type 2 diabetes (T2DM), the plasma proteins MCL1, SVEP1, PIP4K2A, RFK, HEXIM2, ALDH2, RAB1A, APOE, ANGPTL4, JAG1, FGFR1, and MLN demonstrated a positive causal relationship (<i>p</i>-fdr &lt; 0.05). PTPN9, SNUPN, VAT1, COMT, CCL27, BMP7, and MSMP displayed a negative causal relationship (<i>p</i>-fdr &lt; 0.05). Colocalization analysis conclusively identified that AZGP1, ALDH2, APOE, JAG1, MCL1, PTPN9, PIP4K2A, SNUPN, and RAB1A share a single causal variant with CVDs (PPH3 + PPH4 &gt; 0.8). Further phenotype-wide association studies have shown some potential side effects of these nine targets (<i>p</i>-fdr &lt; 0.05).</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> This study identifies plasma proteins with significant causal associations with CVDs, providing a more comprehensive understanding of potential therapeutic targets. These findings contribute to our knowledge of the underlying mechanisms and offer insights into potential avenues for treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9582,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Therapeutics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/cdr/5711316","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frontiers and Hotspot Evolution of NLRP3 Inflammasome in Myocardial Infarction Research: A Bibliometric Analysis From 2013 to 2024","authors":"Jin-wen Wu,&nbsp;Qi Lan,&nbsp;Ding-shan Zhang,&nbsp;Yu-hong Jian,&nbsp;Lin Yu,&nbsp;Rui Hao,&nbsp;Ping Liu,&nbsp;Gang Luo,&nbsp;Ming-tai Chen,&nbsp;Meng-nan Liu","doi":"10.1155/cdr/5178894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cdr/5178894","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The NACHT, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain–containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays an essential role in myocardial infarction (MI) development. Up to now, no bibliometric analyses of NLRP3 in MI have been performed. Publications related to NLRP3 in MI from 1 January 2013 to 20 August 2024 were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). HistCite Pro, CiteSpace, VOSviewer, Scimago Graphica, and bibliometric online analysis program were used for bibliometric analysis and visualization. The impact of publications was assessed using the total global citation score (TGCS). A total of 324 articles (284 articles and 40 reviews) were included. China has published the most in this field, followed by the United States. Harbin Medical University was the leading institution for research related to NLRP3 in MI. Professor Abbate A. from the United States has made significant achievements in this field. <i>International Immunopharmacology</i> was the most active journal and <i>Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology</i> was the most cited journal. This study systematically summarizes the research results of NLRP3 in MI over the past 12 years. NLRP3 in myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury (MIRI) will become a hot research topic, and translational research on NLRP3 inhibitors in MIRI will benefit a greater number of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9582,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Therapeutics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/cdr/5178894","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143446706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concomitant Atrial Fibrillation Radiofrequency Ablation During Total Thoracoscopic Valve Replacement: Safety, Early-Term Efficacy, and Predictors of Early Atrial Arrhythmia Recurrence","authors":"Zhiqin Lin,&nbsp;Zheng Xu,&nbsp;Liangwan Chen,&nbsp;Xiaofu Dai","doi":"10.1155/cdr/8872143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cdr/8872143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Background:</b> Atrial fibrillation (AF) complicates cardiac surgery, including valve replacements, increasing perioperative risk and impacting long-term outcomes. Concomitant radiofrequency ablation (RFA) during cardiac surgeries shows promise for managing AF. This study investigates the safety, early efficacy, and predictors of atrial arrhythmia recurrence (AAR) following AF RFA during total thoracoscopic valve replacement (TTVR).</p><p><b>Methods:</b> This retrospective observational study included 625 patients who underwent TTVR with concomitant AF RFA from January 2017 to May 2023. Demographic data, preoperative characteristics, operative details, and postoperative outcomes were collected. The primary outcome was AAR within 3 months postoperatively.</p><p><b>Results:</b> Of the 625 patients, AAR was observed in 21.6% (135 patients), with a median time to recurrence of 45 days. Independent predictors of early AAR included age, AF duration, body mass index (BMI), AF type, left atrial diameter, and ablation extent. Notably, persistent and long-standing persistent AF, a larger left atrial diameter, and ablation of the left atrium alone were associated with higher recurrence risks. The in-hospital mortality rate was 1.6%, with no significant differences in early complications between the recurrence and nonrecurrence groups.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> Concomitant AF RFA during TTVR is a safe and effective strategy for managing AF in minimally invasive valve surgery. Early predictors of AAR include age, AF duration, BMI, AF type, left atrial diameter, and ablation extent. Future multicenter studies with longer follow-ups are needed to validate these findings and provide robust evidence on long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9582,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Therapeutics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/cdr/8872143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prognostic Significance of the DBIL/HDLC Ratio in Patients With Dilated Cardiomyopathy","authors":"Xinyi Wang,&nbsp;Qiqi Song,&nbsp;Qingqing Zhang,&nbsp;Xinyi Li,&nbsp;Jiaqi Wang,&nbsp;Jiantao Gong,&nbsp;Ziyi Zhang,&nbsp;Ning Tan,&nbsp;Tsang Suk Ying,&nbsp;Wing-tak Wong,&nbsp;Dunliang Ma,&nbsp;Lei Jiang","doi":"10.1155/cdr/8835736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cdr/8835736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Background:</b> In cardiovascular pathology, both direct bilirubin (DBIL) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) have been associated with adverse clinical outcomes. However, the prognostic significance of these biomarkers in the context of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains unclear. To address this gap, this study conducted a retrospective analysis to evaluate the prognostic value of the DBIL/HDLC ratio in patients diagnosed with DCM.</p><p><b>Methods and Results:</b> A total of 986 consecutive DCM patients were retrospectively enrolled from January 2010 to December 2019 and divided into two groups based on the DBIL/HDLC ratio cut-off value: ≤ 4.45 (<i>n</i> = 483) and &gt; 4.45 (<i>n</i> = 503). Patients with lower DBIL/HDLC (≤ 4.45) experienced lower in-hospital mortality, long-term mortality, and major adverse clinical events (MACEs) (0.8%, 32.9%, and 12.2%, respectively) compared to those with higher DBIL/HDLC (&gt; 4.45) (6.4%, 59.1%, and 16.7%, respectively). Multivariate analysis identified DBIL/HDLC as an independent risk factor for long-term mortality (odds ratio: 1.026; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.005–1.048; <i>p</i> = 0.016) and all-cause mortality over a median follow-up of 67 ± 1.8 months (hazard ratio: 1.011; 95% CI: 1.005–1.018; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve showed good discrimination for long-term mortality (area under the curve (AUC): 0.675; 95% CI: 0.692–0.708; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated a better prognosis for patients with DBIL/HDLC ≤ 4.45 (log-rank <i>χ</i>² = 40.356, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, the impact of additional variables on the results was investigated by a subgroup analysis.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> The DBIL/HDLC ratio could serve as a simple and cost-effective tool for evaluating prognosis in DCM.</p>","PeriodicalId":9582,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Therapeutics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/cdr/8835736","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Stellate Ganglion Block for Treating Angina Pectoris: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Ying Wei,&nbsp;Jian Xiong,&nbsp;Xiao Li,&nbsp;Fayang Ling,&nbsp;Yi Zhao,&nbsp;Yuxin Sun,&nbsp;Jin Yao,&nbsp;Jinqun Hu,&nbsp;Liyuan Yang,&nbsp;Yu Liu,&nbsp;Wenchuan Qi,&nbsp;Fanrong Liang","doi":"10.1155/cdr/7134878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cdr/7134878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Purpose:</b> This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is aimed at assessing the clinical efficacy and safety of stellate ganglion block (SGB) for angina pectoris (AP).</p><p><b>Methods:</b> PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Wanfang databases were comprehensively searched for RCTs investigating SGB treatment for AP. The retrieval time was from the establishment date of each database to October 10, 2024. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used to determine the methodological quality. Review Manager 5.4 software was employed for data analysis, and GRADEpro GDT software was utilized to evaluate the quality of evidence.</p><p><b>Results:</b> Ultimately, six RCTs were included, encompassing 373 patients with angina. The overall methodological quality of the included studies was moderate, with the evaluation of evidence quality showing 12 low-quality and five extremely low-quality studies. The meta-analysis results demonstrated that compared with the control group, the experimental group had lower frequency and duration of AP, visual analog scale score, heart rate, detection rate of S-T segment elevation ≥ 0.1 mV on electrocardiogram (ECG) after 24 h of treatment, detection rate of abnormal T waves on ECG after 24 h of treatment, and S-T segment displacement on ECG after treatment. Furthermore, the experimental group exhibited lower serum Cardiac Troponin I levels, a decreased incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and rehospitalization, and improved clinical efficacy. However, none of the included studies reported SGB-related adverse events.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> SGB is effective in alleviating myocardial injury and reducing the incidence of AMI and rehospitalization in patients with AP. Nevertheless, the limited number and relatively low quality of included studies emphasize the requirement for more high-quality research to verify these conclusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9582,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Therapeutics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/cdr/7134878","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imperatorin’s Effect on Myocardial Infarction Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking","authors":"Ruizhe Zhang,&nbsp;Peng Wang,&nbsp;Yao Jin,&nbsp;Qingya Xie,&nbsp;Pingxi Xiao","doi":"10.1155/cdr/7551459","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cdr/7551459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Purpose:</b> Myocardial infarction (MI), a severe cardiovascular disease, is the result of insufficient blood supply to the myocardium. Despite the improvements of conventional therapies, new approaches are needed to improve the outcome post-MI. Imperatorin is a natural compound with multiple pharmacological properties and potential cardioprotective effects. Therefore, this work investigated imperatorin’s therapeutic effects and its mechanism of action in an MI mouse model.</p><p><b>Methods</b>: Network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation were performed for exploring the pharmacokinetic properties, therapeutic effects, and molecular targets of imperatorin in MI. Permanent ligation of the left anterior descending artery was performed in male C57BL/6 mice to induce MI before treatment with imperatorin once per day for 1 week. Echocardiography, heart histology, RNA sequencing, and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) as well as western blotting were carried out for evaluating cardiac function and structure, as well as gene and protein expression.</p><p><b>Results</b>: Imperatorin significantly improved cardiac function, preserved cardiac structure, attenuated cardiac remodeling and fibrosis, and reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in MI mice. Eight differentially expressed genes overlapping with key target genes were found, two upregulated and six downregulated. A key target in signaling pathways associated with imperatorin effect in MI was angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Imperatorin inhibited ACE–angiotensin II (Ang II)–angiotensin II Type 1 receptor (AT1R) axis in MI mice.</p><p><b>Conclusion</b>: Imperatorin attenuated MI by inhibiting the ACE–Ang II–AT1R axis. Thus, imperatorin might be considered a potential therapeutic agent to cure MI.</p>","PeriodicalId":9582,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Therapeutics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11745561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Risk Factors Associated With Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in the Western Libyan Patients","authors":"Osama Bheleel,&nbsp;Alaa Abdulhamid,&nbsp;Hajer Elmuaget,&nbsp;Hanaa Grash,&nbsp;Mohamed Hadi Mohamed Abdelhamid,&nbsp;Ibtisam Alhadi","doi":"10.1155/cdr/1396974","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cdr/1396974","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide in both men and women. Accordingly, we retrospectively reviewed the effects of various risk factors on coronary angiographic outcomes. Data were collected from the catheter lab through Tripoli University Hospital records, whereas the team reviewed clinical data and coronary artery diagrams for 1 year from 01/04/2019 to 31/03/2020. In our study, the total number of cases was 666, 401 male and 265 female, aged between 27 and 91 years. Our analysis revealed a significantly higher incidence of CAD among male smokers under 60. Conversely, a majority of nonsmoker patients were female. The most common risk factors for women were diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) (12% and 13%, respectively). While the men share the significant effects of smoking on coronary angiography (C. Angio) findings (40.52%), most of them underwent a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In our study, there was evidence that CAD is a prevalent disease among middle-aged populations with male gender preference. The risk factors, including diabetes, HTN, and smoking, are the most contributing factors for developing CAD in Libya.</p>","PeriodicalId":9582,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Therapeutics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11742078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and Safety of Dose-Specific DOACs in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis","authors":"Sang-Hyeon Oh,&nbsp;Seunghyun Cheon,&nbsp;Seo-Yong Choi,&nbsp;Young Seo Kim,&nbsp;Han-Gon Choi,&nbsp;Jee-Eun Chung","doi":"10.1155/cdr/9923772","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cdr/9923772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Background:</b> Dose adjustments of direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) for atrial fibrillation are based on pivotal clinical trials assessing their effectiveness and safety in controlled settings. However, the appropriateness of these dosing strategies in real-world practice is uncertain. The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness and safety of dose-specific DOACs with those of warfarin.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> This study retrieved articles from MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL until March 5, 2024. Primary outcomes were the incidence of stroke/systemic embolisms (S/SEs) and major bleeding (MB). Direct pairwise meta-analyses compared each dose-specific DOAC with warfarin. Heterogeneity was assessed using Higgin’s <i>I</i>² and <i>Q</i> statistics, while publication bias was evaluated through funnel plots and Begg’s and Egger’s tests, with adjusted pooled estimates calculated via trim-and-fill and precision-effect estimate with standard error (PET-PEESE) methods. A network analysis was conducted, with additional comparisons made using a Bayesian random-effects model for indirect evidence.</p><p><b>Results:</b> A total of 32 studies with 2,332,770 patients were included. Both standard-dose (SD) and low-dose (LD) DOACs significantly reduced S/SE, except for LD apixaban and LD edoxaban. Rivaroxaban did not show significant difference in MB compared to warfarin. In East Asian patients, all doses of DOACs exhibited lower hazard ratios (HRs) for S/SE and MB than those observed in the primary analysis, with LD rivaroxaban significantly reducing MB, a finding not observed in the primary analysis. Rank probability analysis indicated that the dose-specific DOACs had different safety profiles and small but meaningful differences in effectiveness. SD apixaban (S/SE: second, MB: second) and edoxaban (S/SE: first, MB: fourth) and LD edoxaban (S/SE: fourth, MB: first) had high ranks. LD apixaban had the most significant difference in rank for S/SE from SD apixaban, ranking eighth compared to second.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> This study found that all DOACs provided comparable or superior effectiveness and safety to warfarin. SD apixaban, SD edoxaban, and LD edoxaban achieved a favorable balance between preventing S/SE and MB risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":9582,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Therapeutics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11729532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heparin and Bivalirudin in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Review Article","authors":"Guiping Wang,&nbsp;Kaijie Qi,&nbsp;Xuyang Li,&nbsp;Shuping Zuo,&nbsp;Ruolin Zhang,&nbsp;Yanan Zhao,&nbsp;Suya Sun,&nbsp;Juanjuan Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaokun Liu","doi":"10.1155/cdr/5549914","DOIUrl":"10.1155/cdr/5549914","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is one of the most common leading global causes of mortality, encompassing ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and unstable angina (UA). Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has become a pivotal therapeutic approach for ACS, underscoring the importance of anticoagulation strategies. Among the commonly employed anticoagulants in PCI, heparin and bivalirudin take precedence, with heparin serving as the archetypal choice. Nevertheless, the determination of an optimal anticoagulation regimen remains a point of contention in contemporary clinical practice. To address the differences in anticoagulants during PCI, we meticulously conducted a literature review through PubMed and Web of Science, employing search terms such as “heparin,” “bivalirudin,” “percutaneous coronary intervention,” and “acute coronary syndrome.” For patients with PIC brought on by STEMI, NSTEMI, and stable or UA pectoris, the review focused on randomized controlled trials to assess and compare the efficacy and safety of heparin and bivalirudin as anticoagulant options. This systematic review is aimed at furnishing valuable insights into the ongoing debate surrounding the choice of anticoagulation regimens in PCI. By scrutinizing clinical evidence derived from relevant trials, we seek to inform and guide healthcare practitioners in making informed decisions based on the unique requirements of patients with various ACS presentations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9582,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Therapeutics","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11695083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thymidine Phosphorylase Promotes Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm via VSMC Modulation and Matrix Remodeling in Mice and Humans","authors":"Liang Hong,&nbsp;Hong Yue,&nbsp;Dunpeng Cai,&nbsp;Autumn DeHart,&nbsp;Gretel Toloza-Alvarez,&nbsp;Lili Du,&nbsp;Xianwu Zhou,&nbsp;Xiaoping Fan,&nbsp;Huanlei Huang,&nbsp;Shiyou Chen,&nbsp;Shaik O. Rahaman,&nbsp;Jian Zhuang,&nbsp;Wei Li","doi":"10.1155/cdr/1129181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cdr/1129181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Background:</b> Thymidine phosphorylase (TYMP) promotes platelet activation and thrombosis while suppressing vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. Both processes are central to the development and progression of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). We hypothesize that TYMP plays a role in AAA development.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> Male wild-type (WT) C57BL/6J and <i>Tymp^−/−</i> mice, fed a Western diet (WD) (TD.88137), were subjected to the 4-week Ang II infusion–induced AAA model. AAA progression was monitored by echography and confirmed through necropsy. Whole-body inflammation was assessed using a plasma cytokine array. Mechanistic studies were conducted using TYMP-overexpressing rat VSMC cell lines and primary VSMCs cultured from WT and <i>Tymp^−/−</i> mouse thoracic aortas. Histological studies were performed on human AAA and normal aorta samples.</p><p><b>Results:</b> Elevated TYMP levels were observed in human AAA vessel walls. While WT mice exhibited a 28.6% prevalence of Ang II infusion–induced AAA formation, <i>Tymp^−/−</i> mice were protected. TYMP enhanced MMP2 expression, secretion, and activation in VSMCs, which was inhibited by tipiracil, a selective TYMP inhibitor. Systemically, TYMP promoted proinflammatory cytokine expression, and its absence attenuated TNF-<i>α</i>-induced MMP2 and AKT activation. WT VSMCs treated with platelets lacking TYMP showed a higher proliferation rate than cells treated with WT platelets. Additionally, TYMP increased activated TGF<i>β</i>1 expression in cultured VSMCs and human AAA vessel walls. In WT VSMCs, TYMP augmented thrombospondin-1 type 1 repeat domain (TSR)–stimulated TGF<i>β</i>1 signaling, increasing connective tissue growth factor and MMP2 production. TSR also enhanced AKT activation in WT VSMCs but had the opposite effect in <i>Tymp^−/−</i> cells. TSR-enhanced MMP2 activation in WT VSMCs was attenuated by LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor) but not by SB431542 (a TGF<i>β</i>1 inhibitor); both inhibitors had indiscernible effects on <i>Tymp^−/−</i> VSMC.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> TYMP emerges as a novel regulatory force in vascular biology, influencing VSMC function and inflammatory responses to promote AAA development.</p>","PeriodicalId":9582,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Therapeutics","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/cdr/1129181","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}